CN109632504A - A kind of testing experiment model of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state - Google Patents
A kind of testing experiment model of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state Download PDFInfo
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- CN109632504A CN109632504A CN201811570642.XA CN201811570642A CN109632504A CN 109632504 A CN109632504 A CN 109632504A CN 201811570642 A CN201811570642 A CN 201811570642A CN 109632504 A CN109632504 A CN 109632504A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of testing experiment model of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state.Including pedestal and the lateral loading device being fixed on pedestal, longitudinal loading device and test simulation layer, lateral loading device is two groups, the two sides of pedestal are symmetrically mounted on by support level, test zone is formed above pedestal between two groups of transverse direction loading devices, every group of transverse direction loading device is made of rack gear, ratchet, pawl, gear, movable pressing board, groups of springs, guide post group and interior side plate;Test simulation layer includes the bottom plate being set in turn in test zone from bottom to up, coal seam, top plate and water barrier;Longitudinal loading device includes load power module and water pressure module, and load power module is made of upper load plate with the press member and power transmission layer being connected;Water pressure module includes hard foam, anti-water solenoid valve, water proof band and outer water pump.The present invention can obtain the changing rule of water barrier, analyze the formation condition of water-resisting key strata, and structure is simple, easy to accomplish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of based on water protection mining need testing experiment model, especially a kind of two dimensional stress state
The testing experiment model of water barrier.
Background technique
Coal resources in China mainly concentrates central and west regions, with shallow overburden, thin bedrock, thick loose sand and part rich in water
Geology characteristic.It is exploited under this geological conditions and not only easily causes Overburden Rock Failure and subsidence, but also be easy to cause great
The disaster accidents such as gushing water or routed sand.In recovery process, the development change process of top plate and crack in other rock stratum above coal seam
Determine the formation of gushing water or husky channel of bursting.
Therefore, change procedure of the rock stratum in recovery process is particularly important above further investigation coal seam, utilizes simulation test
The change procedure of device analysis water barrier still concentrates on pure stress or does not consider the two dimensional stress state of variation, and do not have
Consider the change procedure in the interaction processes of coupling factors such as filling and slip casting to water barrier.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of test examination of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state
Test model, can load horizontal and vertical biaxial stress under conditions of, simulate mine for coal, top plate slip casting and water barrier when filling
Variable condition, and apply different hydraulic pressure under the above various change, the variation of water barrier is analyzed, final acquisition water-resisting key strata
Change procedure and formation condition.
The technical solution used to solve the technical problems of the present invention is that: the lateral loading device is two groups, passes through branch
Frame horizontal symmetrical is mounted on the two sides of pedestal, and test zone is formed above the pedestal between two groups of transverse direction loading devices, and every group horizontal
Be made of to loading device rack gear, ratchet, pawl, gear, movable pressing board, groups of springs, guide post group and interior side plate, ratchet and
Gear is coaxial and is respectively placed in the two sides of bracket, and ratchet and pawl forms ratchet mechanism, and gear is engaged with horizontal rack gear, rack gear
Inner end be connected with movable pressing board, the inside of movable pressing board is connected with one end of horizontally disposed groups of springs, before groups of springs
End connects horizontally disposed guide post group, and groups of springs is made of the spring of different coefficient of elasticity, and each spring is correspondingly connected with one
The guide rod of guide post group is formed, interior side plate is made of the vertically disposed lateral pressing plate of muti-piece, the front end pair of each guide rod
One piece of lateral pressing plate should be connected;The test simulation layer includes the bottom plate being set in turn in test zone from bottom to up, coal
Layer, top plate and water barrier;Longitudinal loading device includes load power module and water pressure module, loads power module by upper load
Plate, press member and power transmission layer composition, upper load plate are supported on the top of test zone by the other side of bracket, and on
Load plate is connect with bracket slide, the upper and lower displacement above bracket, and upper load plate is connected with external pressure testing element, and power transmission layer is set
Above water barrier;Water pressure module includes hard foam, anti-water solenoid valve, water proof band and outer water pump, and water proof band is located at water proof
Layer upper center, port is successively pierced by water barrier and power transmission layer thereon, fills hard in the water proof sheaf space other than water proof band
Sponge;Anti- water solenoid valve is built in the lower section of water proof band, outer water pump and water proof band connection.
Compared with prior art, the testing experiment model of the water barrier of a kind of two dimensional stress state of the invention, first logical
Cross test zone setting comprising bottom plate, coal seam, top plate and water barrier test simulation layer, and respectively by lateral loading device and
Longitudinal loading device generates biaxial stress to test simulation layer, to simulate specific geological conditions, and then may be implemented directly to open
Mine for coal layer, or by carrying out different degrees of bashing when excavating coal seam, can also open anti-water solenoid valve,
The different hydraulic pressure of the lower application of both the above variation are found to study the changing rule of various water barriers in special circumstances and top plate
The change procedure and formation condition of water-resisting key strata are of great significance to the water-retaining production of western coal resource.In addition, this
Inventive structure is simple, easy to accomplish.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
In figure: 1, bracket, 2, rack gear, 3, ratchet, 4, pawl, 5, gear, 6, pedestal, 7, movable pressing board, 8, groups of springs, 9,
Guide post group, 10, hard foam, 11, anti-water solenoid valve, 12, water proof band, 13, upper load plate, 14, preceding transparent baffle, 15, every
Water layer, 16, top plate, 17, coal seam, 18, grouting pipeline, 19, power transmission layer, 20, interior side plate.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention, one of figure two dimensional stress state
The testing experiment model of water barrier, including pedestal 6 and the lateral loading device being fixed on pedestal 6, longitudinal loading device
With test simulation layer, the lateral loading device is two groups, is mounted on the two sides of pedestal 6 by 1 horizontal symmetrical of bracket, two groups
Form test zone above pedestal 6 between lateral loading device, every group of transverse direction loading device by rack gear 2, ratchet 3, pawl 4,
Gear 5, movable pressing board 7, groups of springs 8, guide post group 9 and interior side plate 20 are constituted, and ratchet 3 and gear are coaxial and be respectively placed in branch
The two sides of frame 1, pawl 4 and ratchet 3 form ratchet mechanism, and ratchet mechanism is used for the unidirectional movement of limiting gear 5, rack gear 2;Gear
5 engage with horizontal rack gear 2, and the inner end of rack gear 2 is connected with movable pressing board 7, the inside of movable pressing board 7 and horizontally disposed bullet
One end of spring group 8 is connected, and the front end of groups of springs 8 connects horizontally disposed guide post group 9, and groups of springs 8 is by different coefficient of elasticity
Spring composition, each spring are correspondingly connected with the guide rod of a composition guide post group 9, and interior side plate 20 is vertically disposed by muti-piece
Lateral pressing plate composition, the front end of each guide rod are correspondingly connected with one piece of lateral pressing plate;The test simulation layer include from down toward
On be set in turn in bottom plate, coal seam 17, top plate 16 and water barrier 15 in test zone;Longitudinal loading device includes adding
Power module and water pressure module are carried, load power module is made of upper load plate 13, press member and power transmission layer 19, wherein described
Press member can select cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or jack etc., upper load plate 13 is supported on test by the other side of bracket 1
The top in region, and upper load plate 13 is slidably connected with bracket 1, the upper and lower displacement above bracket 1;Upper load plate 13 is to moving down
When dynamic, longitudinal stress by power transmission layer 19, hard foam 10 etc. be transmitted to water barrier 15, top plate 16 etc.,;Water pressure module includes hard
Sponge 10, anti-water solenoid valve 11, water proof band 12 and outer water pump, water proof band 12 are located at 15 upper center of water barrier, thereon port
It is successively pierced by water barrier 15 and power transmission layer 19, water proof band 12 is located at 15 upper center of water barrier, fills in the surrounding of water proof band 12
Hard foam 10 is furnished with power transmission layer 19 above hard foam 10, while power transmission layer 19 is also placed on the lower section of load plate 13, makes
Load plate 13, which must be gone up, to be uniformly applied to longitudinal stress on hard foam 10, and anti-water solenoid valve 11 is built in water proof band 12
Lower section, outer water pump are connect with water proof band 12.
The design that advanced optimizes as the present embodiment is transparent baffle before being additionally provided in front of the test zone
14, preceding transparent baffle 14 is fixed on bracket 1.Coal seam 17 is excavated, the change of water barrier 15 can be observed by preceding transparent baffle 14
Change characteristic, photograph or the changing rule of other means research water barriers 15 and top plate can also be passed through.Open anti-water solenoid valve 11
When, moreover it is possible to by preceding transparent baffle 14, the flow regime of water is observed, and applies different hydraulic pressure under the above various change, is analyzed
The variation of water barrier 15, to find the change procedure and formation condition of water-resisting key strata.
Further, several grouting pipelines 18 are also arranged in the water barrier 15.With when excavating coal seam 17,
Using the external grouting pump of grouting pipeline 18,16 absciss layer slip casting of top plate is carried out, the water barrier 15 in the case where different grouting amounts is analyzed
Variation characteristic.
In order to be more convenient to operate, still further, being fixedly connected with handle outside the axis of the ratchet 3 and gear 5.?
Pass through groups of springs 8 under the rotation of handle, the lateral movement of movable pressing board 7 may be implemented, cooperates the spring of different coefficient of elasticity, with
Different lateral pressures is provided.
Test process: in use, firstly, installing bracket 1, rack gear 2, ratchet 3, pawl 4, gear 5, pedestal 6 and upper
Load plate 13 is put into bottom plate, coal seam 17, top plate 16, water barrier, water proof band 12, hard according to predetermined order in test zone
Sponge 10 and power transmission layer 19, and the built-in anti-water solenoid valve 11 in water proof band 12.Then, according to geological conditions, according to similar
Ratio calculates the vertical and horizontal numerical value of stress, selects the spring of reasonable coefficient of elasticity to install on the guide bar, 5 band of rotate gear
Carry-over bar 2 is mobile, drives movable pressing board 7 mobile, and after being applied to regulation lateral load, ratchet 3 and pawl 4 work, and limitation is lived
Dynamic pressure plate 7 moves left and right, to provide the lateral pressure of setting.In longitudinal orientation, by press members such as cylinders to upper load plate
13 are loaded, available defined longitudinal stress.Hydraulic pressure connects 12 He of water proof band by outer water pump on-load pressure
Anti- water solenoid valve 11.Different filling effects can be studied by carrying out different degrees of bashing when excavating coal seam 17
Influence to water barrier closure.In turn, can also by when excavating coal seam 17, carrying out different degrees of bashing, and
When excavating coal seam 17, carry out different degrees of bashing, analyze in the case where different grouting amounts and filling effect every
The variation characteristic of water layer.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does limitation in any form to the present invention, it is all according to
According to technical spirit of the invention, any simple modification and same variation are made to above embodiments, each fall within guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of testing experiment model of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state, including pedestal (6) and it is fixed on pedestal (6)
Lateral loading device, longitudinal loading device and test simulation layer, it is characterized in that:
The lateral loading device is two groups, and the two sides of pedestal (6) are mounted on by bracket (1) horizontal symmetrical, and two groups lateral
Test zone is formed above pedestal (6) between loading device, every group of transverse direction loading device is by rack gear (2), ratchet (3), pawl
(4), gear (5), movable pressing board (7), groups of springs (8), guide post group (9) and interior side plate (20) are constituted, ratchet (3) and gear
(5) two sides that are coaxial and being respectively placed in bracket (1), pawl (4) and ratchet (3) form ratchet mechanism, gear (5) and horizontal tooth
Item (2) engagement, the inner end of rack gear (2) are connected with movable pressing board (7), the inside of movable pressing board (7) and horizontally disposed spring
One end of group (8) is connected, and the front end of groups of springs (8) connects horizontally disposed guide post group (9), and groups of springs (8) is by different elasticity
The spring of coefficient forms, and each spring is correspondingly connected with the guide rod of composition guide post group (9), and interior side plate (20) is by muti-piece
Vertically disposed transverse direction pressing plate composition, the front end of each guide rod are correspondingly connected with one piece of lateral pressing plate;
The test simulation layer includes the bottom plate being set in turn in test zone from bottom to up, coal seam (17), top plate (16)
With water barrier (15);
Longitudinal loading device includes load power module and water pressure module, and load power module is by upper load plate (13), pressure
Element and power transmission layer (19) composition, upper load plate (13) are supported on the top of test zone by the other side of bracket (1), and
And upper load plate (13) is slidably connected with bracket (1), the upper and lower displacement above bracket (1), upper load plate (13) and external examination
Element is pressed to be connected, power transmission layer (19) is located above water barrier (15);
Water pressure module includes hard foam (10), anti-water solenoid valve (11), water proof band (12) and outer water pump, water proof band (12) position
In water barrier (15) upper center, port is successively pierced by water barrier (15) and power transmission layer (19) thereon, other than water proof band (12)
Water barrier (15) space in fill hard foam (10);Anti- water solenoid valve (11) is built in the lower section of water proof band (12), external
Water pump is connect with water proof band (12).
2. the testing experiment model of the water barrier of a kind of two dimensional stress state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in institute
It is additionally provided with preceding transparent baffle (14) in front of the test zone stated, preceding transparent baffle (14) is fixed on bracket (1).
3. the testing experiment model of the water barrier of a kind of two dimensional stress state according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in institute
Several grouting pipelines (18) are also arranged in the water barrier (15) stated.
4. a kind of testing experiment model of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, feature
It is: is fixedly connected with handle outside the axis of the ratchet (3) and gear (5).
5. a kind of testing experiment model of the water barrier of two dimensional stress state according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, feature
Be: the press member selects cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or jack.
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CN201811570642.XA CN109632504B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Test model for testing waterproof layer in two-way stress state |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110735663A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-31 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | collapse zone inner ground grouting filling slurry form similarity simulation method |
CN112414847A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-26 | 华北科技学院 | Horizontal grading loading device for analog simulation experiment rack |
US11041790B2 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-22 | Shandong University Of Science And Technology | Stress gradient loading test apparatus and method of accurately determining loading energy |
CN113340739A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 贵州理工学院 | Simulation device for expansibility damage of bottom plate water-resisting layer based on coal development |
CN113533088A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Strain control type on-site direct shear test equipment and method |
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CN110735663A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-31 | 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 | collapse zone inner ground grouting filling slurry form similarity simulation method |
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CN113340739A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 贵州理工学院 | Simulation device for expansibility damage of bottom plate water-resisting layer based on coal development |
CN113533088A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-22 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Strain control type on-site direct shear test equipment and method |
CN113533088B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-08-18 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Strain control type on-site direct shear test equipment and method |
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