CN109632022B - Method for testing and estimating 24-hour average ventilation quantity of residential room - Google Patents

Method for testing and estimating 24-hour average ventilation quantity of residential room Download PDF

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CN109632022B
CN109632022B CN201811589335.6A CN201811589335A CN109632022B CN 109632022 B CN109632022 B CN 109632022B CN 201811589335 A CN201811589335 A CN 201811589335A CN 109632022 B CN109632022 B CN 109632022B
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window
ventilation
room
pressure difference
indoor
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邹志军
段金良
王尚文
吴楠
苏治宇
钟凯
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for testing and estimating 24-hour average ventilation volume of a residential room, which comprises the steps of utilizing an air blower to adjust indoor and outdoor pressure difference to build various working conditions, utilizing a method for measuring air tightness by an air blower door to fit to obtain a room air permeability calculation coefficient a and a corresponding characteristic index n, then installing a pressure difference sensor to measure an atmospheric pressure difference delta P between the inside and the outside of the room, and calculating to obtain the air permeability Q of the room when a window is closedS(ii) a When the window is opened, delta P measured by the differential pressure sensor and effective ventilation area F of the window measured by other sensing devices are utilized, and natural ventilation quantity Q of the room when the window is opened is calculatedZAnd collecting the air permeability and the natural ventilation of the residential room and the corresponding time lengths respectively, and accumulating and averaging after continuous monitoring to obtain the average ventilation of the residential room. By adopting the direct measurement method, the average ventilation volume of the residential room 24h is calculated, so that the building environment is evaluated. The operation process is simple and convenient, the realization is easy, the long-time continuous test can be realized, and the full-automatic operation is realized.

Description

Method for testing and estimating 24-hour average ventilation quantity of residential room
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building environment evaluation technology, in particular to a method for testing and estimating 24-hour average ventilation volume of a residential room.
Background
Ventilation is an important means for creating comfortable indoor sanitary conditions, and in residential houses, as the ventilation volume cannot meet the requirement of indoor characteristic indexes when the windows are closed, residents often adopt window opening ventilation in daily life. Therefore, the method for measuring the ventilation quantity of the residential room through a reasonable method is a basic problem which needs to be solved in the design and evaluation of the ventilation and air exchange of the residential room. The method for measuring the room ventilation volume mainly comprises a direct measurement method and an indirect measurement method, wherein the indirect measurement method is mainly adopted in the current research, namely the mass balance of tracer gas is adopted for measurement, and disturbance needs to be added in the measurement process, and the influence on the ventilation volume needs to be reduced as much as possible. However, in actual operation, the stirring measures taken to ensure uniformity will have a large influence on the ventilation of the room, sometimes even no stirring measures are taken, so that the measurement result has a large error, and the method is not suitable for the investigation experiment of large samples. Therefore, how to conveniently, accurately and long-term detect the ventilation quantity of the residential room is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing and estimating the average ventilation volume of a residential room, which aims at the problem that the traditional method is mostly indirect measurement, so that the measurement process is influenced by various factors. Firstly, measuring various parameters of a residential room by using a blower device and a measuring tape, then acquiring dynamic data such as pressure difference, window opening area and other parameters by using an installed sensor, finally, introducing the measured data into a computer, and calculating the average ventilation volume of the residential room 24h by using a calculation formula so as to evaluate the building environment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a test estimation method for 24-hour average ventilation volume of a residential room specifically comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a room to be tested, assembling the blast door air tightness testing device in the room, closing a window, opening the blast fan, maintaining a certain pressure difference between the indoor space and the outdoor space by using the blast fan, and recording the indoor-outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P after the indoor pressure is constant1And flow rate Q of the blower1Subsequently varying the differential pressure measurement sets Δ PiAnd QiData, i is the number of records, and multiple sets of data are substituted into the formula
Qi＝a·ΔPi n
Fitting to obtain a room air permeability calculation coefficient a and a corresponding characteristic index n;
2) removing the air blowing door device, installing a pressure difference sensor to measure the indoor and outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P, and recording the effective ventilation area F of the window of the room by adopting different sensors and installation methods for different window types;
3) and (3) analyzing and processing the measurement data:
firstly, for the condition when the window is closed, the room air permeability calculation coefficient a and the corresponding characteristic index n obtained by the first step of calculation and the delta P recorded by the differential pressure sensor are substituted into the following calculation formula of the ventilation quantity of the permeated air
QS＝a·ΔPn
The time period h of window closing in the day can be obtained(1)、h(2)、h(3)......h(n)And corresponding ventilation Q of the infiltration windS (1)、QS (2)、QS (3)......QS (n)；
Secondly, the condition of the opening time of the window, the ventilation area F and the indoor and outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P of the ventilation stateFSubstituting into the formula
Figure BDA0001919861670000021
The time period t for opening the sliding window can be calculated(1)、t(2)、t(3)......t(m)And corresponding natural ventilation QZ (1)、QZ (2)、QZ (3)......QZ (m)Wherein mu is aperture flow coefficient, 0.6-0.7 is taken, rho is air density, 1.205kg/m is generally taken3；
Finally, accumulating the ventilation quantity corresponding to each time period in one day, and then calculating the average ventilation quantity, namely 24h average ventilation quantity of the residential room
Figure BDA0001919861670000022
In the step 2), different sensors and installation methods are adopted for different window types to measure and record the effective ventilation area F of the window, and for the sliding window: the infrared distance measuring sensor is arranged at the edge of the window frame and used for measuring the opening width W of the window, and meanwhile, the height H of the push-pull part is measured by a measuring tape, and the ventilation area F of the sliding window is W.H; for a casement window: the angle sensor is attached to the window glass to record the opening angle theta of the window, and the width W and the height H of the sliding window leaf are measured by tape measures, and the ventilation area F of the casement window is H.W.theta.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for testing and estimating the 24-hour average ventilation volume of the residential room is simple and convenient in operation process, easy to realize, capable of continuously testing for a long time and fully automatically running.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating 24-hour average ventilation in a residential room according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a differential pressure sensor installation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the sensor of the sliding window of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the sensor of the casement window of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for testing and estimating an average ventilation volume of a residential room in 24 hours specifically includes the following steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting a room to be tested, assembling the blast door air tightness testing device in the room, closing a window, opening the blast fan, maintaining a certain pressure difference between the indoor space and the outdoor space by using the blast fan, and recording the indoor-outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P after the indoor pressure is constantiAnd flow rate Q of the bloweriSubsequently varying the differential pressure measurement sets Δ PiAnd QiData, i is the number of records, and a plurality of groups of data are substituted into the formula:
Qi＝a·ΔPi n(1)
fitting is carried out to obtain the room air permeability calculation coefficient a and the corresponding characteristic index n.
The second step is that: the air blowing door device is removed, a differential pressure sensor is arranged indoors to measure the pressure difference delta P between indoor atmosphere and outdoor atmosphere, the installation mode of the differential pressure sensor is shown in figure 2, the differential pressure sensor is arranged below an indoor windowsill, one end of the differential pressure sensor is communicated with the indoor atmosphere, and the other end of the differential pressure sensor extends out of the room through a leather hose. Different sensor mounting methods are used for different window types to record the effective ventilation area F of the window.
(1) Sliding window
Sensor mounting position as shown in fig. 3, an infrared distance measuring sensor is mounted at the edge of the window frame to measure the width W of the window opening while measuring the height H of the push-pull portion with a tape measure, and then the differential pressure sensor and the infrared distance measuring sensor are turned on to record the measured data.
(2) Casement window
Sensor mounting position as shown in fig. 4, the angle sensor may be attached to the window glass to record the opening angle θ of the window while measuring the width W and height H of the sash using tape measures, and then the angle sensor and the differential pressure sensor are turned on to record data.
The third step: and analyzing and processing the measurement data.
Firstly, for the condition when the window is closed, the room air permeability calculation coefficient a and the corresponding characteristic index n obtained by the first step of calculation and the delta P recorded by the differential pressure sensor are substituted into the permeable wind ventilation formula
QS＝a·ΔPn(2)
The time period h of window closing in the day can be obtained(1)、h(2)、h(3)......h(n)And corresponding ventilation Q of the infiltration windS (1)、QS (2)、QS (3)......QS (n)。
Secondly, the window is opened the condition of moment, and two types of window ventilation area F calculation methods are different, adopt different formulas:
sliding window ventilation area F ═ W.H (3)
Casement window ventilation area F ═ H.W.theta (4)
Then the ventilation area F and the indoor and outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P of the ventilation state are measuredFSubstituting into the formula
Figure BDA0001919861670000041
The time period t for opening the sliding window can be calculated(1)、t(2)、t(3)......t(m)And corresponding natural ventilation QZ (1)、QZ (2)、QZ (3)......QZ (m)Wherein mu is aperture flow coefficient, generally 0.6-0.7; rho is air density, and is generally 1.205kg/m3。
Finally, accumulating the ventilation amount corresponding to each time period in one day, and then averaging, as shown in formula (6):
Figure BDA0001919861670000042
the average ventilation volume of the residential room 24h can be obtained.
By this analogy, the average ventilation volume of the house room in week, month and year can be obtained by extending the measurement time as required.

Claims (2)

1. A method for testing and estimating 24-hour average ventilation of a residential room is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a room to be tested, assembling the blast door air tightness testing device in the room, closing a window, opening the blast fan, maintaining a certain pressure difference between the indoor space and the outdoor space by using the blast fan, and recording the indoor-outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P after the indoor pressure is constant1And flow rate Q of the blower1Subsequently varying the differential pressure measurement sets Δ PiAnd QiData, i is the number of records, and multiple sets of data are substituted into the formula
Qi＝a·ΔPi n
Fitting to obtain a room air permeability calculation coefficient a and a corresponding characteristic index n;
2) removing the blast door airtightness testing device, installing a differential pressure sensor to measure the indoor and outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P, and recording the effective ventilation area F of the window of the room by adopting different sensors and installation methods for different window types;
3) and (3) analyzing and processing the measurement data:
firstly, for the condition when the window is closed, the room air permeability calculation coefficient a and the corresponding characteristic index n obtained by the first step of calculation and the delta P recorded by the differential pressure sensor are substituted into the following calculation formula of the ventilation quantity of the permeated air
QS＝a·ΔPn
The time period h of window closing in the day can be obtained(1)、h(2)、h(3)......h(n)And corresponding ventilation Q of the infiltration windS (1)、QS (2)、QS (3)......QS (n)；
Secondly, the condition of the opening time of the window, the ventilation area F and the indoor and outdoor atmospheric pressure difference delta P of the ventilation stateFSubstituting into the formula
Figure FDA0002396457690000011
The time period t for opening the sliding window can be calculated(1)、t(2)、t(3)......t(m)And corresponding natural ventilation QZ (1)、QZ (2)、QZ (3)......QZ (m)Wherein mu is aperture flow coefficient, and 0.6-0.7 is selected; rho is air density, and is 1.205kg/m3；
Finally, accumulating the ventilation quantity corresponding to each time period in one day, and then calculating the average ventilation quantity, namely 24h average ventilation quantity of the residential room
Figure FDA0002396457690000021
2. Test estimation method of the average 24 hour ventilation of a residential room according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 2) different sensors and installation methods are applied for different window types to measure and record the effective window ventilation area F, for sliding windows: the infrared distance measuring sensor is arranged at the edge of the window frame and used for measuring the opening width W of the window, and meanwhile, the height H of the push-pull part is measured by a measuring tape, and the ventilation area F of the sliding window is W.H; for a casement window: the angle sensor is attached to the window glass to record the opening angle theta of the window, and the width W and the height H of the sliding window leaf are measured by tape measures, and the ventilation area F of the casement window is H.W.theta.
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CN110410888B (en) * 2019-06-05 2021-03-16 南京施迈艾库智能科技有限公司 Electrostatic adsorption dust removal fresh air system of intelligent control electrode
CN110410940B (en) * 2019-06-05 2021-03-16 南京施迈艾库智能科技有限公司 Intelligent air quantity calculation and control method of electrostatic adsorption dust removal fresh air system
CN111307393B (en) * 2020-03-11 2022-02-11 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 Method for testing permeable wind on site
CN113719981B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-09-27 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 Indoor and outdoor air pressure difference detection method and device, air conditioning equipment and storage medium
CN116360515B (en) * 2023-04-04 2023-10-27 中建三局集团有限公司 Differential pressure control method for biosafety laboratory

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