CN109631835B - Device and method for monitoring vertical subsidence of roadway head-on empty-top area - Google Patents

Device and method for monitoring vertical subsidence of roadway head-on empty-top area Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109631835B
CN109631835B CN201811591420.6A CN201811591420A CN109631835B CN 109631835 B CN109631835 B CN 109631835B CN 201811591420 A CN201811591420 A CN 201811591420A CN 109631835 B CN109631835 B CN 109631835B
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measuring
rod
machine tool
connecting machine
head
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CN109631835A (en
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韩昌良
冉智
张农
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring vertical subsidence of a head-on empty-head area of a roadway, which are suitable for surrounding rock control of the empty-head area. The monitoring device consists of two parts, namely a connecting machine tool and a measuring rod. During monitoring, the connecting machines are respectively arranged on the second row of anchor rods and the third row of anchor rods of the head-on top plate and are kept fixed in the utilization process of monitoring points, so that the measuring accuracy is improved. The measuring rod groove is embedded into a connecting machine tool, one end of the measuring rod is in contact with a measuring point in a hollow top area according to a lever principle, the length of the measuring rod and the included angle between the measuring rod and a vertical line are recorded, the vertical height between the measuring point and the other end of the measuring rod is obtained through calculation, the vertical height difference obtained through two times of measurement is the deformation of the measuring point, and the measuring rod can be placed on the connecting machine tool after the measurement is finished. The device is simple to operate, convenient to store, low in cost, high in utilization rate and safety and accurate in result, and can effectively reduce inaccuracy and high danger of roof deformation monitoring in the empty roof area.

Description

Device and method for monitoring vertical subsidence of roadway head-on empty-top area
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring vertical subsidence of a head-on empty-top area of a roadway, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring vertical subsidence of a head-on empty-top area of the roadway, which are suitable for the fields of mines and geotechnical engineering.
Background
The roof accident is an important hidden danger of coal mine safety production, wherein collapse of the head-on empty roof area of the tunnel occupies an important proportion, so that monitoring of roof deformation of the head-on empty roof area of the tunnel is of great importance, the roof can be supported in time, and deformation and damage of surrounding rocks of the tunnel are reduced. The traditional monitoring method is few, and generally, personnel enter the goaf and measure by using a traditional tool, so that a plurality of problems exist.
The conventional roadway head-on goaf roof deformation monitoring has a plurality of problems, particularly in a coal roadway, such as ① that personnel is required to carry a measuring tool to enter a goaf area for measurement, a great potential safety hazard exists, ② is simple in operation tool, generally uses a steel ruler for measurement, has no auxiliary tool and is poor in measurement result accuracy, ③ that when equipment is parked head-on, the personnel cannot enter the goaf area, the difficulty is brought to the goaf area for measurement, the situation of the roof of the goaf area cannot be known in time, and the following procedures are seriously affected, and the personal safety is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the problems, the device and the method for monitoring the deformation of the top plate of the roadway head-on empty roof area are simple in operation, convenient to store, low in cost, high in utilization rate and safety and accurate in result.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical purpose, the device for monitoring the vertical subsidence of the roadway head-on empty-top area comprises a connecting machine tool and a measuring rod; the connecting machine tool comprises a sleeve, a fastening valve and a welding frame, the sleeve is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the inner diameter of the sleeve is matched with the tail part of an anchor rod arranged on a roadway top plate, and the sleeve is provided with the welding frame and the fastening valve for fixing the sleeve; the measuring rod is a cylindrical rod body, and the rod body length L utilizes a formula: l is determined to be more than or equal to 2M +0.5N, wherein: m is the array pitch of tunnel roof stock, and N is the empty top distance of tunnel head-on to the direction of tunnelling is preceding, then survey pole apart from body of rod one end M department be equipped with the recess that the welding frame structure matches, apart from the same one end 0.5M department of the body of rod to be equipped with the gradiometer, the body of rod should follow the far away principle of gradiometer apart from the head-on when placing and place.
The connecting machine tool is required to be always kept fixed in the original position in the utilization process of the empty top area measuring point.
A use method of a roadway head-on empty-roof area vertical subsidence monitoring device comprises the following steps:
a. sleeving sleeves of a connecting machine tool I and a connecting machine tool II into exposed ends of a second transverse row of anchor rods and a third transverse row of anchor rods which are arranged in the middle of the same longitudinal row or close to the middle of the same longitudinal row, so that welding frames of the connecting machine tool I and the connecting machine tool II are arranged on the same side and in parallel, a measuring rod can be placed on the welding frames, and a fastening valve is rotated to fix the welding frames;
b. placing a measuring rod on welding frames of a connecting machine tool I and a connecting machine tool II, embedding a groove of the measuring rod into the welding frame of the connecting machine tool II in the front row, and adjusting the height of the connecting machine tool I and the connecting machine tool II on an anchor rod to enable the measuring rod to be placed horizontally;
c. moving out the measuring rod and the rear end of the measuring rod from the rear row of welding frames and pressing down the measuring rod to enable the front end of the measuring rod to contact the middle point of the head-on hollow top area or a measuring point close to the middle point, and recording the angle theta on the gradiometer at the moment1；
d. After the measurement is finished, the rear end of the measuring rod is placed back on the rear row welding frame again, and every 0.5h to 8hh measuring point, recording angle theta on gradiometer2(θ3θ4……θn)。
e. Using the formula: h is a1-a2(a3a4……an)＝Lcosθ1-Lcosθ2(θ3θ4……θn) Calculating the total vertical sinking h of the roadway roof at each time, wherein a1Representing the vertical height of the measuring rod for the first time; a is2Representing the vertical height of the measuring rod for the second measurement; l is the fixed length of the measuring rod.
Has the advantages that:
by using the monitoring device and the monitoring method, underground measuring personnel can finish the collection of the measured data only under the supporting area, so that the personal safety of the measuring personnel is greatly improved; the measuring method has high monitoring accuracy on the sinking data of the top plate of the head-on empty roof area of the roadway and is convenient to operate; the deformation of the top plate in the empty roof area can be obtained in time without being influenced by head-on large-scale equipment; the method adopts laser ranging, is simple to operate, high in accuracy, strong in adaptability, convenient to store, low in cost, high in utilization rate and safety and easy to popularize, and overcomes the shortage of the method for determining the head-on limit empty-top distance of the roadway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the device for monitoring vertical subsidence in the head-on empty-head area of a roadway according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connecting device of the device for monitoring vertical subsidence in the head-on empty-top area of the roadway according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a measuring rod of the device for monitoring vertical subsidence in the head-on empty-top area of the roadway;
FIG. 4 is a geometric schematic diagram of the method for monitoring vertical subsidence of the head-on empty roof area of the roadway.
In the figure: 1-second horizontal row anchor rod, 2-third horizontal row anchor rod, 3-measuring rod, 4-connecting machine I, 5-connecting machine II, 6-sleeve, 7-fastening valve, 8-welding frame, 9-groove, 10-gradiometer and 11-measuring point.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the device for monitoring vertical subsidence of the roadway head-on empty top area comprises a connecting tool and a measuring rod 3, wherein the connecting tool is always fixed in situ in the process of utilizing an empty top area measuring point 11; the connecting machine tool comprises a sleeve 6, a fastening valve 7 and a welding frame 8, wherein the sleeve 6 is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the inner diameter of the sleeve 6 is matched with the tail part of an anchor rod arranged on a roadway top plate, and the sleeve 6 is provided with the welding frame 8 and the fastening valve 7 for fixing the sleeve 6; the measuring rod 3 is a cylindrical rod body, and the rod body length L utilizes a formula: l is determined to be more than or equal to 2M +0.5N, wherein: m is the array pitch of tunnel roof stock, and N is the empty top distance of tunnel head-on to the direction of tunnelling is preceding, then 3 measuring staff's a distance body one end M department be equipped with welding frame 8 structure matching's recess 9, apart from the body of rod with one end 0.5M department be equipped with gradiometer 10, the body of rod should follow the farther principle of gradiometer apart from the head-on when placing and place.
As shown in fig. 4, a method for using a device for monitoring vertical subsidence in a roadway head-on empty-top area comprises the following steps:
a. sleeving the sleeves 6 of the connecting machine tool I4 and the connecting machine tool II 5 into exposed ends of the second transverse row anchor rod 1 and the third transverse row anchor rod 2 which are arranged in the same longitudinal row in the right middle or close to the right middle respectively, enabling the welding frames 8 of the connecting machine tool I4 and the connecting machine tool II 5 to be arranged on the same side and in parallel, enabling the measuring rod 3 to be placed on, and rotating the fastening valve 7 for fixing;
b. the measuring rod 3 is placed on a welding frame 8 of a connecting machine tool I4 and a welding frame 8 of a connecting machine tool II 5, a groove 9 of the measuring rod 3 is embedded into the welding frame 8 of the connecting machine tool II 5 of the second horizontal row anchor rod 1, and the heights of the connecting machine tool I4 and the connecting machine tool II 5 on the second horizontal row anchor rod 1 and the third horizontal row anchor rod 2 are adjusted to enable the measuring rod 3 to be placed horizontally;
c. the rear end B of the measuring rod 3 is moved out of the rear row of welding frames 8 and pressed down, so that the front end A of the measuring rod 3 contacts a measuring point 11 at or close to the middle point of the head-on empty top area, and the angle theta on the gradiometer 10 at the moment is recorded1；
d. After the measurement is finished, the rear end of the measuring rod 3 is placed back on the rear row of welding frames 8 again, and the measuring point 11 is measured every 0.5-8 h, and the slope is recordedAngle theta on gradiometer2θ3θ4……θn。
e. Using the formula: h is a1-a2(a3a4……an)＝Lcosθ1-Lcosθ2(θ3θ4……θn) Calculating the total vertical sinking h of the roadway roof at each time, wherein a1Representing the vertical height of the measuring rod for the first time; a is2Representing the second measurement of the vertical height of the measuring staff, anRepresenting the vertical height, theta, of the measuring staff for the nth measurement2For measuring angle, theta, by means of a second gradiometernFor the nth gradiometer measurement angle, L is the fixed length of the measuring rod 3.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a vertical sinkage monitoring devices in empty top district is met to tunnel which characterized in that: the measuring device comprises two parts of a connecting machine tool and a measuring rod (3); the connecting machine comprises a sleeve (6), a fastening valve (7) and a welding frame (8), the sleeve (6) is of a cylindrical hollow structure, the inner diameter of the sleeve (6) is matched with the tail part of an anchor rod arranged on a roadway top plate, and the sleeve (6) is provided with the welding frame (8) and the fastening valve (7) for fixing the sleeve (6); the measuring rod (3) is a cylindrical rod body, and the length L of the rod body utilizes a formula: l is determined to be more than or equal to 2M +0.5N, wherein: m is the array pitch of tunnel roof stock, and N is the empty top distance of tunnel head-on to the direction of tunnelling is preceding, then measuring staff (3) are equipped with recess (9) with welding frame (8) structure matching apart from body of rod one end M department, are equipped with gradiometer (10) apart from the same one end 0.5M department of the body of rod, and the body of rod should follow the farther principle of gradiometer apart from the head-on when placing and place.
2. The roadway head-on ullage area vertical subsidence monitoring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting machine tool is required to be kept fixed in place all the time in the utilization process of the empty top area measuring point (11).
3. A use method of the roadway head-on empty roof area vertical subsidence monitoring device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. sleeving sleeves (6) of a connecting machine tool I (4) and a connecting machine tool II (5) into exposed ends of a second transverse row anchor rod (1) and a third transverse row anchor rod (2) which are arranged in the same longitudinal row and at the right middle of the head or close to the right middle of the head, enabling welding frames (8) of the connecting machine tool I (4) and the connecting machine tool II (5) to be arranged on the same side and in parallel, enabling a measuring rod (3) to be placed on the welding frames, and rotating a fastening valve (7) for fixing;
b. placing a measuring rod (3) on a welding frame (8) of a connecting machine tool I (4) and a connecting machine tool II (5), embedding a groove (9) of the measuring rod (3) into the welding frame (8) of the connecting machine tool II (5) of a second horizontal row anchor rod (1), and adjusting the heights of the connecting machine tool I (4) and the connecting machine tool II (5) on the second horizontal row anchor rod (1) and a third horizontal row anchor rod (2) to enable the measuring rod (3) to be placed horizontally;
c. the rear end of the measuring rod (3) is moved out of the rear row welding frame (8) and pressed down, so that the front end of the measuring rod (3) contacts a measuring point (11) at or close to the middle point of the head-on empty top area, and the angle theta on the gradiometer (10) at the moment is recorded1；
d. After the measurement is finished, the rear end of the measuring rod (3) is placed back on the rear row welding frame (8), the measuring point (11) is measured every 0.5-8 h, and the angle theta on the gradiometer is recorded2(θ3θ4……θn)；
e. Using the formula: h is a1-a2(a3a4……an)＝Lcosθ1-Lcosθ2(θ3θ4……θn) Calculating the total vertical sinking h of the roadway roof at each time, wherein a1Representing the vertical height of the measuring rod for the first time; a is2Representing the second measurement of the vertical height of the measuring staff, anRepresenting the vertical height, theta, of the measuring staff for the nth measurement2For measuring angle, theta, by means of a second gradiometernThe angle is measured by the nth gradiometer, and L is the fixed length of the measuring rod (3).
CN201811591420.6A 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 Device and method for monitoring vertical subsidence of roadway head-on empty-top area Active CN109631835B (en)

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CN110242297B (en) * 2019-07-03 2020-11-13 精英数智科技股份有限公司 Method, device and system for identifying super-cycle operation of tunneling working face

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KR100812124B1 (en) * 2007-09-10 2008-03-12 한국씨엠이엔지(주) Measurement method of slab moving length for underroad
CN204064258U (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-12-31 河南理工大学 A kind of roadway convergence deformation measuring device
CN206410696U (en) * 2017-01-22 2017-08-15 彝良驰宏矿业有限公司 A kind of back sinking deformation monitoring device
CN207365859U (en) * 2017-11-09 2018-05-15 内蒙古上海庙矿业有限责任公司 A kind of measuring device of roadway convergence deflection
CN207797987U (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-31 霍州煤电集团有限责任公司 A kind of telescopic multifunctional tunnel measuring device

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