CN109629400B - Adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration reduction tuned mass damper and working method thereof - Google Patents
Adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration reduction tuned mass damper and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109629400B CN109629400B CN201811638277.1A CN201811638277A CN109629400B CN 109629400 B CN109629400 B CN 109629400B CN 201811638277 A CN201811638277 A CN 201811638277A CN 109629400 B CN109629400 B CN 109629400B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
- E01D19/041—Elastomeric bearings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper and a working method thereof, wherein the damper comprises: the bottom of the working cylinder is provided with a steel plate, and a spiral spring and a working cylinder which are fixed on the bottom mounting steel plate, the top of the working cylinder is bolted with an upper steel plate, a mass block and a motion guide rod are arranged in the working cylinder, and the bottom of the upper steel plate and the upper part of the bottom mounting steel plate are respectively provided with a fixed viscoelastic buffer device. The damper can reduce the control instability caused by damper collision and stroke overrun, improve the performance of the tuned mass damper in the low-frequency vertical vibration control, and avoid the performance degradation problem caused by larger static deformation of the spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses an adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper and a working method thereof, and relates to the field of civil engineering and machinery.
Background
With the research and development of high-performance and multifunctional building materials and the great improvement of industrial technical level, large-span and ultra-large-span bridges increase year by year. Modern bridge structures tend to have lower modal frequencies and modal damping ratios due to increased span and reduced weight. Under the action of strong wind, earthquake excitation, man-induced excitation and ship collision, the modern bridge structure can generate larger vibration and even damage, and the functionality and even the safety of the bridge structure are influenced. The vertical vortex-induced vibration of the modern bridge structure occurs most frequently, and has the characteristics of low-frequency vibration and low wind speed, so that the fatigue life and the driving comfort of each component of the bridge are influenced.
In order to reduce the influence of vertical vortex-induced vibration on modern bridge structures, structural vibration control technology is used for inhibiting the vibration, such as adding a pneumatic device and installing a damper. The tuned mass damper is most widely applied to vortex-induced vibration control of modern bridge structures, namely, the mode damping ratio of the bridge is improved by arranging the tuned mass damper, and further acceleration and displacement reach standard limit values. However, the performance of the existing tuned mass damper cannot well meet the requirement of the control of the vertical vortex-induced vibration of the modern bridge, and is reflected in three aspects: firstly, the performance of the spring is easy to degrade due to the overlarge static extension of the spring under low-frequency vibration, and the static extension of the spring of the tuned mass damper with the working frequency of 1Hz is up to 1m through theoretical derivation; secondly, the problems of reduced sealing performance, degraded material performance and the like of an oil damper in the tuned mass damper under the long-term high-frequency working condition are easily caused; third, tuned mass dampers are extremely sensitive to variations in the modal parameters (mainly modal frequencies) of the bridge due to the working mechanism.
Compared with an oil damper, the viscoelastic damping material can provide rigidity and damping, has no problem of sealing performance, has various stress forms such as tension, compression, bending and shearing, is mature in manufacturing process, diversified and simple in design and low in cost, and becomes one of the most widely applied damping materials in structural vibration control. The semi-active control technology changes the rigidity and damping characteristics of a controlled system through a vibration damping device according to the dynamic response and external excitation characteristics of the system, and further reduces the dynamic response of the system. Therefore, the invention discloses an adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper containing a viscoelastic damping material, which is necessary and has a wide application prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper, which can avoid the performance degradation problem caused by excessive static extension of a spring, realize real-time adjustment of the rigidity and the damping of the damper by controlling the length of a viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet, greatly reduce the control instability caused by the collision and the stroke overrun of the damper by a high-performance viscoelastic buffer device, and improve the performance of the tuned mass damper in the control of low-frequency vertical vibration.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper comprising: the top of the working cylinder is provided with an opening, a mass block and a motion guide rod are arranged in the working cylinder, the top of the working cylinder is connected with the upper steel plate in a bolted mode, viscoelastic buffer devices are respectively arranged and fixed at the bottom of the upper steel plate and the upper part of the bottom mounting steel plate and used for absorbing impact kinetic energy generated by the tuned mass damper under the conditions of large-amplitude motion and extreme stroke;
the motion guide rod vertically penetrates through the mass block and the inside of the spiral spring, the top of the bottom mounting steel plate is positioned at the periphery of the working cylinder, a plurality of working platform units are symmetrically arranged along the periphery of the working cylinder, a plurality of actuators are arranged on each working platform unit, the actuating heads of the actuators are connected with one end of a viscoelastic vibration damping sheet, and the other end of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet extends into the inside of the working cylinder through a reserved hole in the side wall of the working cylinder and is connected with the outer wall of the mass block in an elastic supporting manner;
and the controller is in control connection with the plurality of actuators.
The motion guide rods are uniformly arranged to penetrate through the spiral springs and the mass block, and the distance between the upper ends of the guide rods and the upper steel plate is smaller than half of the height of the mass block.
Each viscoelastic buffer device is formed by vulcanizing and combining two first vertical steel plates, one first horizontal steel plate and one first thick viscoelastic material layer at high temperature and high pressure.
And the outside of the viscoelastic buffer device and the outside of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet are both wrapped by protective rubber layers.
Every the work platform unit is formed by the welding of the vertical steel sheet of a slice second and a plurality of layers of parallel arrangement's the horizontal steel sheet of second, and an actuator of bolt connection on every layer of horizontal steel sheet, the one end tip of viscoelastic damping piece sets up L shape connector, L shape connector through inside reserve bolt hole and connecting bolt with the actuator actuate the head and link to each other, through the motion amplitude that real-time change actuated the head, change the length that viscoelastic damping piece stretched into the working cylinder inside, and then the elastic force and the damping force size that the adjustment viscoelastic damping piece provided the quality piece.
The actuator is a small electromagnetic direct current motor and is fixed on a horizontal steel plate of the working platform unit through bolts.
The viscoelastic vibration damping sheet is formed by vulcanizing and laminating an elastic thin steel plate and a second thick viscoelastic material layer at high temperature and high pressure.
The upper end of the working cylinder is connected with the bottom of the upper steel plate in a bolted mode.
The invention further discloses a working method of the adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper,
when the mass block is arranged at the upper part of the spiral spring, the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet extending into the working cylinder blocks the mass block from moving downwards, the deformed viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet provides larger static vertical stiffness for the spring and the mass block, the compression deformation of the spiral spring is reduced, and the problem of performance degradation of the tuned mass damper caused by larger static deformation of the spiral spring is solved;
when the controlled structure vibrates, the tuned mass damper enters a working state, the spiral spring and the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet generate dynamic deformation, and a mechanism provided by the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet is converted from larger static rigidity into smaller dynamic rigidity and proper damping, so that the optimal tuning of the tuned mass damper is realized;
the structure monitoring system monitors the dynamic response and the external excitation characteristic of a controlled structure in real time, a control system sends an instruction to an actuator, the actuating head of the actuator changes the length of a viscoelastic damping sheet extending into a working cylinder in real time through a connector, the elastic force and the damping force provided by the viscoelastic damping sheet to a mass block are adjusted, the fact that the rigidity and the damping of a tuned mass damper are adjustable in real time is guaranteed, when the tuned mass damper generates large amplitude, the mass block collides with a viscoelastic buffer device, the viscoelastic buffer device deforms, uniform and symmetrical buffer counter-force is provided for the mass block, the tuned mass damper is guaranteed not to be damaged by strokes, the vibration state of the tuned mass damper can be relieved, and the control stability of the tuned mass damper is guaranteed.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper realizes a stiffness mechanism of 'static high dynamic low' through the viscoelastic vibration attenuation sheet, and avoids the problem of performance degradation caused by large static deformation of the spring; the real-time adjustment of the rigidity and the damping of the damper is realized by controlling the length of the viscoelastic damping sheet, so that the control robustness of the tuned mass damper is improved; the control instability caused by damper collision and stroke overrun is relieved by arranging the high-performance viscoelastic buffer device; the performance of the tuned mass damper in low frequency vertical vibration control is improved as a whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration-damping tuned mass damper according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, a steel plate is arranged at the bottom; 2. a coil spring; 3. a working cylinder; 4. a motion guide bar; 5. a mass block; 6. steel plate feeding; 7. a bolt; 8. a viscoelastic cushioning device; 9. a work platform unit; 10. an actuator; 11. a viscoelastic vibration damping sheet; 12. reserving a pore channel; 81. a first vertical steel plate; 82. a first horizontal steel plate; 83. a first thick viscoelastic material layer; 91. a second vertical steel plate; 92. second horizontal steel plate
FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the adjustable low frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a viscoelastic damper blade and a joint in the adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration-damping tuned mass damper of the present invention;
111, a thin steel plate; 112. a second thick viscoelastic material layer; 121. and reserving bolt holes.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments of the specification.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-3, the adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper comprises a bottom mounting steel plate 1, and a coil spring 2 and a working cylinder 3 which are fixed on the bottom mounting steel plate 1, wherein the working cylinder 3 is a hollow rectangular cylinder with an open top, a rectangular mass block 5 and a movement guide rod 4 are arranged in the working cylinder 3, the four movement guide rods 4 are solid cantilever round steel rods, the bottoms of the movement guide rods 4 are uniformly and symmetrically welded on the bottom mounting steel plate 1, a hole is reserved in the rectangular mass block 5, the movement guide rod 4 vertically penetrates through the rectangular mass block 5 and the coil spring 2 through the reserved hole, the rectangular mass block 5 and the coil spring 2 can move and deform along the vertical direction, and the length of the movement guide rod 4 exceeding the mass block 5 is larger than the designed limit stroke of the tuned mass damper.
The vertical stiffness of the tuned mass damper can be adjusted by changing the gauge of the coil spring 2.
The working cylinder 3 is bolted with the upper steel plate 6, so that the sealing performance of the working cylinder 3 can be guaranteed, and the upper steel plate 6 can be conveniently opened to adjust and overhaul the tuned mass damper.
The viscoelastic buffer devices 8 are fixed at the bottom of the upper steel plate 6 and the upper part of the bottom installation steel plate 1 through bolts 7, so that the impact kinetic energy generated by the tuned mass damper under the conditions of large-amplitude motion and extreme stroke is effectively absorbed.
The viscoelastic buffer device 8 is formed by combining two first vertical steel plates 81, a first horizontal steel plate 82 and a first thick viscoelastic material layer 83 through high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization, the first thick viscoelastic material layer 83 is a high-stability and high-dissipation viscoelastic material, enough rigidity and damping energy consumption can be guaranteed to be provided under impact load, the viscoelastic buffer devices 8 are uniformly and symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the upper steel plate 6 and the bottom of the upper steel plate 1, the tuned mass damper is guaranteed to receive uniform and symmetrical buffer counter forces under the conditions of large-amplitude motion and extreme stroke, the edge line of each elastic buffer device 8 is located on the inner side of the edge line of the mass block 5, and all buffer counter forces are guaranteed to be effectively exerted on the mass block 5.
The top of the bottom installation steel plate 1 is provided with a plurality of working platform units 9, each working platform unit 9 is welded into a trapezoid by a second vertical steel plate 91 and a plurality of second horizontal steel plates 92, four working platform units 9 are symmetrically arranged around the working cylinder 3, an actuator 10 is bolted on the second horizontal steel plates 92 of the working platform units 9, the actuator 10 is a small electric actuator with low power and can change the motion amplitude of an actuating head in real time, the actuator 10 is connected with a viscoelastic damping sheet 11 through a connecting bolt, the viscoelastic damping sheet 11 extends into the working cylinder 3 through a reserved hole 12 of the working cylinder 3, the viscoelastic damping sheet 11 is in close contact with the mass block 5, sufficient static rigidity is provided for the tuned mass damper through the static deformation of the elastic damping sheet 11, the coil spring is ensured not to generate overlarge static deformation, and smaller dynamic rigidity is provided for the tuned mass damper through the dynamic deformation of the elastic damping sheet 11, and the tuned mass damper is ensured to realize low-frequency tuning.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 is formed by laminating the thin steel sheet 111 and the second thick viscoelastic material layer 112 through high-temperature and high-pressure vulcanization, so as to ensure sufficient bending rigidity, shearing rigidity and damping energy consumption of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 during deformation.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the thin steel plate is generally 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and the thickness of the viscoelastic layer is generally 1 mm to 50 mm.
The size of the elastic force and the damping force provided by the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 to the mass block 5 can be adjusted by changing the length of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 extending into the working cylinder 3, the length of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 is far greater than the distance between the inside of the working cylinder 3 and the edge of the mass block 5, so that the rigidity and the sufficient adjustability of the damping of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 are ensured, an L-shaped steel connector 12 is arranged at the end part of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11, the connector 12 is connected with the actuating head of the actuator 10 through an internal reserved bolt hole 121 and a connecting bolt, the length of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 extending into the working cylinder 3 is changed by changing the motion amplitude of the actuating head in real time, the size of the elastic force and the damping force provided by the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 to the mass block 5 is adjusted, and the real-time adjustability of the rigidity.
The adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper can avoid the problem of performance degradation caused by larger static deformation of the spring, reduce the control instability caused by collision and stroke overrun of the tuned mass damper and realize real-time adjustment of the rigidity and the damping of the conventional tuned mass damper.
The invention relates to a working method of an adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper,
when the mass block 5 is arranged at the upper part of the spiral spring 2, the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet 11 extending into the working cylinder 3 blocks the mass block 5 from moving downwards, the deformed viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet 11 provides larger static vertical stiffness for the spring mass block 5, the compression deformation of the spiral spring 2 is reduced, the problem of performance degradation of the tuned mass damper caused by larger static deformation of the spiral spring 2 is solved, when the controlled structure vibrates, the tuned mass damper enters a working state, the spiral spring 2 and the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet 11 generate dynamic deformation, a mechanism provided by the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet 11 is changed from larger static stiffness to smaller dynamic stiffness and proper damping, the optimal tuning of the tuned mass damper is realized, the structure monitoring system monitors the dynamic response and the external excitation characteristic of the controlled structure in real time, an instruction is sent to the actuator 10 through the control system, and the actuating head of the actuator 10 changes the length of the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet 11 extending into the working cylinder 3 in real time through the connector 12 And then the magnitude of the elastic force and the damping force provided by the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet 11 to the mass block 5 is adjusted, so that the tuned mass damper is ensured to realize real-time adjustment of rigidity and damping, when the tuned mass damper generates larger amplitude, the mass block 5 collides with the viscoelastic buffer device 8, the viscoelastic buffer device 8 deforms, and uniform and symmetrical buffer counter force is provided for the mass block 5, so that the tuned mass damper is not damaged by stroke, the vibration state of the tuned mass damper can be relieved, and the control stability of the tuned mass damper is ensured.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. It need not be, nor should it be exhaustive to all jurisdictions. And such obvious variations or modifications which fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a harmonious mass damper of vertical damping of adjustable low frequency which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the top of the working cylinder is provided with an opening, a mass block and a motion guide rod are arranged in the working cylinder, the top of the working cylinder is connected with the upper steel plate in a bolted mode, viscoelastic buffer devices are respectively arranged and fixed at the bottom of the upper steel plate and the upper part of the bottom mounting steel plate and used for absorbing impact kinetic energy generated by the tuned mass damper under the conditions of large-amplitude motion and extreme stroke;
the motion guide rod vertically penetrates through the mass block and the inside of the spiral spring, the top of the bottom mounting steel plate is positioned at the periphery of the working cylinder, a plurality of working platform units are symmetrically arranged along the periphery of the working cylinder, a plurality of actuators are arranged on each working platform unit, the actuating heads of the actuators are connected with one end of a viscoelastic vibration damping sheet, and the other end of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet extends into the inside of the working cylinder through a reserved hole in the side wall of the working cylinder and is connected with the outer wall of the mass block in an elastic supporting manner;
and the controller is in control connection with the plurality of actuators.
2. The adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of motion guide rods are uniformly arranged to penetrate through the spiral springs and the mass block, and the distance between the upper ends of the motion guide rods and the upper steel plate is smaller than half of the height of the mass block.
3. The adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: each viscoelastic buffer device is formed by vulcanizing and combining two first vertical steel plates, one first horizontal steel plate and one first thick viscoelastic material layer at high temperature and high pressure.
4. The adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: and the outside of the viscoelastic buffer device and the outside of the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet are both wrapped by protective rubber layers.
5. The adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration-damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein each working platform unit is formed by welding a second vertical steel plate and a plurality of layers of second horizontal steel plates arranged in parallel, each layer of second horizontal steel plate is bolted with an actuator, one end of the viscoelastic vibration-damping sheet is provided with an L-shaped connector, the L-shaped connector is connected with an actuating head of the actuator through an internal reserved bolt hole and a connecting bolt, the length of the viscoelastic vibration-damping sheet extending into the working cylinder is changed by changing the motion amplitude of the actuating head in real time, and the elastic force and the damping force provided by the viscoelastic vibration-damping sheet to the mass block are further adjusted.
6. The adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper according to claim 5, wherein: the actuator is a small electromagnetic direct current motor and is fixed on a horizontal steel plate of the working platform unit through bolts.
7. The adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: the viscoelastic vibration damping sheet is formed by vulcanizing and laminating an elastic thin steel plate and a second thick viscoelastic material layer at high temperature and high pressure.
8. The adjustable low frequency vertical damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the working cylinder is connected with the bottom of the upper steel plate in a bolted mode.
9. A working method of the adjustable low-frequency vertical vibration attenuation tuned mass damper based on any one of the claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that,
when the mass block is arranged at the upper part of the spiral spring, the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet extending into the working cylinder blocks the mass block from moving downwards, the deformed viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet provides larger static vertical stiffness for the spring and the mass block, the compression deformation of the spiral spring is reduced, and the problem of performance degradation of the tuned mass damper caused by larger static deformation of the spiral spring is solved;
when the controlled structure vibrates, the tuned mass damper enters a working state, the spiral spring and the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet generate dynamic deformation, and a mechanism provided by the viscoelastic vibration reduction sheet is converted from larger static rigidity into smaller dynamic rigidity and proper damping, so that the optimal tuning of the tuned mass damper is realized;
the structure monitoring system monitors the dynamic response and the external excitation characteristic of a controlled structure in real time, a control system sends an instruction to an actuator, the actuating head of the actuator changes the length of a viscoelastic damping sheet extending into a working cylinder in real time through a connector, the elastic force and the damping force provided by the viscoelastic damping sheet to a mass block are adjusted, the fact that the rigidity and the damping of a tuned mass damper are adjustable in real time is guaranteed, when the tuned mass damper generates large amplitude, the mass block collides with a viscoelastic buffer device, the viscoelastic buffer device deforms, uniform and symmetrical buffer counter-force is provided for the mass block, the tuned mass damper is guaranteed not to be damaged by strokes, the vibration state of the tuned mass damper can be relieved, and the control stability of the tuned mass damper is guaranteed.
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| CN110080095B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-01-08 | 中建路桥集团有限公司 | Reduce public road bridge roof beam strutting arrangement of resonance influence |
| CN110273487A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of vertical vibration damping tuned mass damper of low frequency that can be substantially reduced the quiet elongation of spring |
| CN114351883A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽省交通勘察设计院有限公司 | Vertical tuned mass damper with adjustable frequency |
| CN115265986B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-03-24 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Bridge vibration exciter |
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| DE102010009814A1 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-08 | Iws Handling Gmbh & Co. Kg | Enclosed protection device for protecting building structures such as pillars or walls, has plastic sleeve for start-up protection at building structures, and four L-shaped plastic hollow bodies are formed at contact surfaces with grooves |
| CN204491888U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-07-22 | 河南城建学院 | A kind of three-dimensional shock-absorption quality tuned damper |
| CN105804265B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-11-17 | 福州大学 | Vertical viscoplasticity collision tuned mass damper device and its mode of operation |
| CN205617596U (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-10-05 | 福州大学 | Vertical harmonious mass damper structure of elastic collision of gluing |
| CN106939653B (en) * | 2017-05-06 | 2022-04-26 | 湖南科技大学 | Single-sided viscoelastic collision tuned mass damper and parameter design method thereof |
| CN207905154U (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-09-25 | 西京学院 | One kind being based on SMA friction dampers |
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