CN114412260A - High-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolating and damping device and shock-isolating and damping method - Google Patents
High-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolating and damping device and shock-isolating and damping method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/022—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising laminated structures of alternating elastomeric and rigid layers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolating and damping device and a shock-isolating and damping method. When earthquake or vibration acts, the lower shock isolation and absorption unit isolates and absorbs shock through shearing deformation in the horizontal direction, and the spring and the viscoelastic cushion isolate vibration transmission and consume vibration energy in the vertical direction through compression deformation. In addition, the device adopts the innovative design of fluid damping materials, annular bosses, damping round holes and the like, increases the multi-directional damping ratio, and solves the technical problems of pulling resistance, torsion resistance and the like. The device can effectively cope with multi-direction and wide-frequency-domain complex vibration disasters which generally exist in the service period of an engineering structure, has the advantages of clear stress process, convenience in processing and manufacturing and the like, and is easy to popularize and apply in engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shock isolation and absorption technology, in particular to a high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock isolation and absorption device and a shock isolation and absorption method.
Technical Field
Harmful vibrations are a common problem in various types of engineering structures. The earthquake, strong wind and other multi-directional, large-amplitude and low-frequency sudden vibration can cause catastrophic damage, collapse and mass casualties of important basic facilities such as ground buildings, bridges and the like; multidirectional, small-amplitude and high-frequency continuous vibration generated by the operation of subways, high-speed railways and mechanical equipment affects the use comfort of buildings and causes the deterioration of the use performance of the equipment. The control of various harmful vibrations is vital to the maintenance of the life safety of people and the promotion of the urban disaster prevention level.
The shock insulation and absorption technology is an effective means for coping with harmful vibration of an engineering structure, and the damage of a vibration disaster to the structure can be reduced by adding a subsystem in the structure and changing the dynamic characteristic of a controlled structure. The shock insulation and absorption technology is applied to disaster prevention and reduction of a plurality of engineering structures such as building structures, large-span bridges and the like at present. However, various harmful vibrations existing in engineering often have complex characteristics such as multi-dimension, wide frequency domain and phase coupling, and the existing shock isolation and absorption device has many limitations. On one hand, the devices usually have a single control direction, only have control effect on vibration or earthquake in the horizontal direction, and are difficult to deal with multi-directional complex excitation; on the other hand, the devices usually have narrow effective vibration isolation and reduction frequency band and cannot meet the vibration suppression requirements of various types of vibration
The multi-direction shock isolation and absorption technology is an effective solution to the above problems, and reduces the influence of multi-dimensional vibration disasters by changing the multi-direction rigidity and damping of the structure. However, the existing multi-directional shock isolating and absorbing device is often low in damping ratio and energy consumption capacity, has the problems of poor adjustable performance, narrow shock isolating and absorbing frequency band and the like, and is difficult to consider the problems of pulling resistance, torsion resistance, overturning resistance and the like in design, and the problems also become technical bottlenecks which restrict the further development and the popularization of engineering application of the multi-directional shock isolating and absorbing device.
Therefore, aiming at the technical bottleneck, the invention provides the high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock absorption device which has great engineering value and application prospect. The device needs to consider the difference of various harmful vibration characteristics, can effectively cope with vibration disasters with the characteristics of multiple directions and wide frequency domains, and simultaneously, the device also has strong pulling resistance and torsion resistance, and can ensure the applicability and reliability under extreme conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolating device and a shock-isolating method, which can effectively cope with multi-direction vibration disasters commonly existing in engineering structures and have the advantages of large damping ratio, wide shock-isolating frequency band, strong anti-pulling and anti-torsion capabilities and wide application range.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical means adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high damping multi-direction wide frequency domain anti-pulling shock absorption device comprises: go up steel cylinder, lower part and separate shock attenuation unit, upper portion and separate shock attenuation unit and fluid damping material, wherein:
the upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder are arranged along the same axis, the upper end of the upper steel cylinder is closed, the lower end of the upper steel cylinder is opened, the top of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the upper structure, and the opened end of the cylinder body extends into the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder; the lower end of the lower steel cylinder is closed, the upper end of the lower steel cylinder is opened, and the bottom of the lower steel cylinder is fixedly connected with a structural foundation;
the lower shock insulation and absorption unit is arranged in the inner cavities of the upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder at the same time, the bottom of the lower shock insulation and absorption unit is fixedly connected with the closed end of the lower steel cylinder and is positioned at the center of the lower steel cylinder for isolating and dissipating vibration energy in the horizontal direction;
the shock attenuation unit is separated on upper portion set up in go up steel cylinder inner chamber center department, the top concreties with last steel cylinder blind end, the bottom with the shock attenuation unit in close contact with is separated to the level for keep apart and dissipate vertical vibration energy, include:
the connecting plate is fixed in the lower part separates the shock attenuation unit top to be equipped with a plurality of round holes, be equipped with between connecting plate and the last steel cylinder and be used for the vertical rigidity of adjusting device and damped upper portion to separate the shock attenuation unit, include: the springs comprise a plurality of springs which are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate,
the upper ends of the guide rods are anchored with the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, and the lower ends of the guide rods are fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate after sequentially penetrating through the springs and the round holes of the connecting plate;
the viscoelastic pads are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are uniformly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate;
the upper limiting grooves are arranged on the inner surface of the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, the lower limiting grooves are arranged on the top surface of the connecting plate, and the viscoelastic pads are arranged in the upper limiting grooves and the lower limiting grooves;
the fluid damping material is filled in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder and surrounds the outer side of the lower shock insulation and absorption unit;
the bottom opening end of the upper steel cylinder is immersed in the fluid damping material, and an annular bump is arranged at the bottom opening end along the circumferential direction of the opening end, so that the motion resistance of the upper steel cylinder is increased.
The lower shock isolation and absorption unit is a laminated rubber core pad and is formed by sequentially and alternately laminating a plurality of layers of rubber and steel plates;
the rubber layer is made of natural rubber materials or high-damping viscoelastic materials, and the thickness of the rubber layer is 1-7 mm.
The height of the upper shock isolation and absorption unit is 1/4-1/2 of the lower shock isolation and absorption unit;
the spring is a spiral spring or a belleville spring;
the viscoelastic cushion is a high dissipation viscoelastic material, is cylindrical in shape, and provides stiffness and damping through compressive deformation.
The damping fluid material is silicone oil, polyurethane, phenolic resin or a viscoelastic fluid material.
And a circle of damping holes are formed in the bottom of the upper steel cylinder and positioned at the upper part of the annular convex block along the annular direction, the through holes are immersed in the fluid damping material, and the fluid damping material provides additional damping in the horizontal direction when passing through the damping holes.
One end of the guide rod is connected with or welded with the upper end of the upper steel cylinder through threads, and the other end of the guide rod is fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate through threads and a high-strength nut after penetrating through the round hole of the connecting plate;
the diameter of the round hole of the connecting plate is 1-2 mm larger than that of the guide rod.
The upper limiting groove and the lower limiting groove are 1 mm-3 mm in depth and used for limiting horizontal sliding of the viscoelastic cushion.
The lower part separates shock attenuation unit top and bottom and sets up shrouding and lower shrouding respectively, go up the shrouding with the connecting plate passes through high strength bolt connection, down the shrouding with the steel cylinder blind end passes through high strength bolt connection down.
The distance between the outer wall of the upper steel cylinder and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder is not less than twice of the thickness of the viscoelastic material layer in the lower shock isolation unit, so that the device can meet the deformation requirement in the horizontal direction.
The invention further discloses a shock isolation and absorption method based on the high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock isolation and absorption device, which is divided into four stages according to different application environments:
during static load, the gravity of the structure is shared by the upper shock isolation and absorption unit, the lower shock isolation and absorption unit and the fluid damping material, wherein the lower shock isolation and absorption unit and the upper shock isolation and absorption unit work in series and are main bearing elements, and meanwhile, the fluid damping material has an obstruction effect on the vertical movement of the annular boss at the lower end of the upper steel cylinder and also shares part of vertical load;
when earthquake or vibration is acted in the horizontal direction, the lower shock insulation and absorption unit and the fluid damping material jointly play roles of shock insulation and absorption, wherein the lower shock insulation and absorption unit generates shear deformation to insulate the upward transmission of vibration and consume part of vibration energy; meanwhile, a circle of damping holes are formed in the bottom of the upper steel cylinder and positioned at the upper part of the annular convex block along the annular direction, and when the upper steel cylinder moves horizontally, fluid damping materials in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder pass through the damping holes, so that the horizontal damping capacity is further enhanced;
when a vertical earthquake or vibration acts, the spring and the viscoelastic cushion in the upper shock isolation and absorption unit enable the device to form a vertical weak layer, the vertical movement of the spring and the viscoelastic cushion along the guide rod plays a shock isolation role, and the viscoelastic cushion consumes energy through compression deformation to generate a shock absorption role; meanwhile, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder can block the vertical movement of the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder, so as to generate additional damping force and enhance the vertical shock absorption capacity;
when the upper structure is twisted, swung and lifted, the fluid damping material can block the movement of the upper structure in the corresponding direction due to the adoption of the structure of the annular boss at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder;
when torsion occurs, the upper steel cylinder and the fluid damping material bear most of the torque, and the middle-lower shock isolation unit and the upper shock isolation unit of the device are prevented from being damaged by torsion;
when the swing happens, the resistance effect of the fluid damping material can enable the device to generate resisting moment to prevent the upper structure from overturning;
when the device is pulled, the fluid damping material and the upper steel cylinder bear most of the pulling force, and the core element in the device is protected from being damaged by pulling.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, the device has multidirectional shock insulation and absorption capacity. In the horizontal direction, the shearing deformation of stromatolite rubber core pad is mainly taken place to the device, in vertical, then mainly take place the compression deformation of spring and viscoelastic pad, both can produce shock insulation and shock attenuation effect, simultaneously, during device level and vertical motion, the fluid damping material also can provide additional damping, further reinforcing shock-absorbing capacity, consequently, the device has overcome traditional shock-absorbing device control direction singleness, damping ratio low scheduling problem, can effectively alleviate the influence of multidimension complicated vibration calamity to controlled structure.
And secondly, the device can meet the vertical bearing requirements of different structures. During static load, the lower part and the upper part of the device are connected in series to work through the damping units and share the vertical load, wherein the lower part is provided with a laminated rubber core pad through the damping units and has larger vertical rigidity and bearing capacity, the upper part is provided with a spring and a viscoelastic pad which are arranged in the damping units and have stronger deformability, and meanwhile, the resistance of the fluid damping material to the annular boss can resist partial vertical load, so that the device has stronger vertical bearing capacity and can meet the bearing capacity requirements of different types of engineering structures.
And thirdly, the device has the shock insulation and absorption capacity of a wide frequency domain. On one hand, the device provides horizontal damping by shear deformation of laminated rubber, and generates vertical damping by compression deformation of a high-damping sticky elastic cushion, and on the other hand, the bottom of an upper steel cylinder of the device adopts an innovative design of an annular opening and an annular boss, and provides horizontal and vertical additional damping by shear and compression deformation of high-damping fluid materials such as silicon oil and polyurethane, so that the device has high damping ratio and excellent energy consumption and damping effects, and can effectively cope with different types of vibration multi-source disasters in a wider frequency domain range.
Fourthly, the device has high stability and strong anti-pulling capability. The bottom of the upper steel cylinder in the device adopts the structure of the annular boss, when the device is vertically pulled, stronger tensile capacity is provided due to the blocking effect of the fluid damping material, and the tensile damage of core elements of the device is avoided; meanwhile, when the device is twisted or bent, the fluid damping can also restrict the movement of the annular boss in the corresponding direction to generate a resisting torque or a resisting bending moment, so that the device has higher stability and can effectively deal with the lifting, twisting and overturning of a controlled structure during multidirectional vibration coupling.
And fifthly, the device has a deformation limiting function under extreme conditions. When the horizontal deformation is too large, the outer wall of the upper steel cylinder of the device is contacted with the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder, so that the deformation in the horizontal direction is limited; when vertical deformation is too big, the upper and lower steel cylinder bottom of device will contact each other, and the vertical deformation of restriction, consequently, the device possesses from limit function, can prevent the destruction because of excessively warping and causing under the extreme condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a detailed structural diagram of a high damping multi-directional wide frequency domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a high damping multi-directional wide frequency domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembled exploded view of a high damping multi-directional wide frequency domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a steel cylinder is arranged; 1-1, mounting an annular boss of the steel cylinder; 1-2, mounting an annular damping hole of the steel cylinder; 2. a lower shock-isolating unit; 2-1, laminated rubber or viscoelastic material; 2-2, laminating steel plates; 2-3, core gasket sealing plates; 2-4, connecting bolts of the lower shock isolation and absorption unit and the upper and lower members; 3-1, connecting plates; 3-2, a spring; 3-3, a viscoelastic cushion; 3-4, a guide rod; 3-4-1, the upper end of the guide rod is threaded; 3-4-2, the lower end of the guide rod is provided with threads; 3-5, a nut at the end part of the guide rod; 3-6-1, lower limiting groove; 3-6-2, upper limiting groove; 4. a fluid damping material; 5. and (5) discharging the steel cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in figures 1 to 3, the high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device mainly comprises an upper steel cylinder 1, a lower steel cylinder 2, a horizontal shock-absorbing unit 3, a vertical shock-absorbing unit 4 and a fluid damping material 5. The horizontal shock isolation and absorption unit is a laminated rubber core pad, and the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit comprises a connecting plate, a plurality of springs, a viscoelastic pad, a guide rod and a constraint steel cylinder.
Examples
In the embodiment, the lower shock isolation and absorption unit is a high-damping viscoelastic core support, a plurality of steel plates and viscoelastic sheets are sequentially overlapped and then vulcanized and formed at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the thickness of each steel plate is 2-3 mm, the thickness of each viscoelastic sheet is 1-7 mm, and the actual thickness is determined according to relevant specifications and device application environments. Before vulcanization, the laminated rubber core pads are fitted with sealing plates, each having a plurality of threaded holes for connecting the upper and lower components.
The upper shock isolation and absorption unit comprises a connecting plate, a spring, a viscoelastic pad, a guide rod and a constraint steel cylinder. The connecting plate is connected with the laminated rubber core pad upper sealing plate through a high-strength bolt, a plurality of round holes are formed in the connecting plate, the diameter of each hole is slightly larger than that of each guide rod, and sliding connection between the connecting plate and the guide rods is achieved.
The guide rod both ends are seted up the screw thread, and one end is connected the upper steel cylinder roof, and the other end passes spring and connecting plate round hole in proper order after, fastens in the connecting plate lower surface through outer hexagonal high-strength nut. After the guide rod is arranged, the horizontal deformation of the vertical shock isolation and absorption unit can be limited, and the vertical tension is prevented from being released.
The spring chooses metal coil spring for use, and the height is 1/4~1/2 of viscoelasticity core support, mainly provides vertical bearing and shock insulation, overlaps the spring on the guide bar, retrains its horizontal migration.
The viscoelastic cushion is made of a viscoelastic material with high energy consumption capability and excellent ageing resistance, is vulcanized and molded under high temperature and high pressure, is in a cylindrical shape, is positioned in the limiting groove of the upper shock isolation unit, is respectively in close contact with the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate, and consumes energy through reciprocating compression deformation during earthquake or vibration.
The limiting grooves are respectively located in the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, indicate the top surface of the connecting plate of the lower steel cylinder, have the depth of 1-2 mm and are used for limiting horizontal sliding of the viscoelastic pad.
The upper and lower steel cylinder is a cylinder, one end is open, and one end is closed to place the open end upwards, pour into high-grade silicone oil in the barrel, the viscoelastic core support is installed inside the upper steel cylinder, and part is immersed in high-grade silicone oil.
The upper steel cylinder is supported above the upper shock isolation and absorption unit, the opening end of the upper steel cylinder is placed downwards, the bottom of the upper steel cylinder is provided with an annular boss in a mode of increasing the cross section, and a damping hole is formed above the annular boss along the circumferential direction. During assembly, the annular boss and the damping hole are required to be completely immersed in high-grade silicone oil, the horizontal and vertical high-damping characteristics of the device are effectively realized, and the pulling resistance and torsion resistance of the device are improved.
All parts in the device can be processed simultaneously and assembled and formed in sequence. After the assembly is finished, the top plate of the upper steel cylinder of the device is fixedly connected with the controlled structure, and the bottom plate of the lower steel cylinder is fixedly connected with the structure foundation, so that the device can be installed in the structure.
The working method of the high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock absorption device in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
the high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolation and shock-absorption device is arranged between the upper structure and the lower vibration source, so that multi-direction wide-frequency-domain shock isolation (vibration) and shock absorption (vibration) capabilities can be provided, the device has stronger anti-pulling capability, the lifting-off effect and the overturning phenomenon of the upper structure under extreme conditions can be effectively avoided, and the defense level of the structure to complex vibration disasters is improved. The device has clear geometric construction and definite mechanical behavior, and is mainly divided into four stages according to different application environments:
during static load, the gravity of the structure is shared by the upper shock isolation unit, the lower shock isolation unit and the fluid damping material, wherein the lower shock isolation unit and the upper shock isolation unit work in series and are main bearing elements, and meanwhile, the fluid damping material has an effect of hindering the vertical movement of the annular boss at the lower end of the upper steel cylinder and can share part of vertical load.
When earthquake or vibration is acted in the horizontal direction, the lower shock insulation and absorption unit and the fluid damping material jointly play roles of shock insulation and absorption, wherein the laminated rubber core pad in the lower shock insulation and absorption unit generates shear deformation to insulate the upward transmission of vibration and consume part of vibration energy; meanwhile, under the restraint of the guide rod, the upper shock isolation unit and the upper steel cylinder are horizontally displaced integrally, and the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder passes through a pore canal at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder, so that the shock absorption capacity in the horizontal direction is further enhanced.
When a vertical earthquake or vibration acts, the spring and the viscoelastic cushion in the upper shock isolation and absorption unit enable the device to form a vertical weak layer, the vertical movement of the spring and the viscoelastic cushion along the guide rod plays a shock isolation role, and the viscoelastic cushion consumes energy through compression deformation to generate a shock absorption role; meanwhile, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder can block the vertical movement of the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder, so that additional damping force is generated, and the vertical shock absorption capacity is enhanced.
When the upper structure is twisted, swung and lifted, the fluid damping material can block the movement of the upper structure in the corresponding direction due to the adoption of the structure of the annular boss at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder. When torsion occurs, the upper steel cylinder and the fluid damping material bear most of the torque, and the middle lower part and the upper part of the device are prevented from being damaged by torsion; when the swing happens, the resistance effect of the fluid damping material can enable the device to generate resisting moment to prevent the upper structure from overturning; when the device is pulled, the fluid damping material and the upper steel cylinder bear most of pulling force, so that a core element in the device is protected from being damaged by pulling, and the pulling resistance is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A high damping multi-direction wide frequency domain anti-pulling shock absorption device comprises: go up steel cylinder, lower part and separate shock attenuation unit, upper portion and separate shock attenuation unit and fluid damping material, wherein:
the upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder are arranged along the same axis, the upper end of the upper steel cylinder is closed, the lower end of the upper steel cylinder is opened, the top of the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the upper structure, and the opened end of the cylinder body extends into the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder; the lower end of the lower steel cylinder is closed, the upper end of the lower steel cylinder is opened, and the bottom of the lower steel cylinder is fixedly connected with a structural foundation;
the lower shock insulation and absorption unit is arranged in the inner cavities of the upper steel cylinder and the lower steel cylinder at the same time, the bottom of the lower shock insulation and absorption unit is fixedly connected with the closed end of the lower steel cylinder and is positioned at the center of the lower steel cylinder for isolating and dissipating vibration energy in the horizontal direction;
the shock attenuation unit is separated on upper portion set up in go up steel cylinder inner chamber center department, the top concreties with last steel cylinder blind end, the bottom with the shock attenuation unit in close contact with is separated to the level for keep apart and dissipate vertical vibration energy, its characterized in that includes:
the connecting plate is fixed in the lower part separates the shock attenuation unit top to be equipped with a plurality of round holes, be equipped with between connecting plate and the last steel cylinder and be used for the vertical rigidity of adjusting device and damped upper portion to separate the shock attenuation unit, include: the springs comprise a plurality of springs which are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are evenly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate,
the upper ends of the guide rods are anchored with the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, and the lower ends of the guide rods are fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate after sequentially penetrating through the springs and the round holes of the connecting plate;
the viscoelastic pads are arranged between the upper steel cylinder and the connecting plate and are uniformly and symmetrically arranged around the center of the connecting plate;
the upper limiting grooves are arranged on the inner surface of the closed end of the upper steel cylinder, the lower limiting grooves are arranged on the top surface of the connecting plate, and the viscoelastic pads are arranged in the upper limiting grooves and the lower limiting grooves;
the fluid damping material is filled in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder and surrounds the outer side of the lower shock insulation and absorption unit;
the bottom opening end of the upper steel cylinder is immersed in the fluid damping material, and an annular bump is arranged at the bottom opening end along the circumferential direction of the opening end, so that the motion resistance of the upper steel cylinder is increased.
2. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower shock-absorbing unit is a laminated rubber core pad formed by sequentially and alternately laminating a plurality of layers of rubber and steel plates;
the rubber layer is made of natural rubber materials or high-damping viscoelastic materials, and the thickness of the rubber layer is 1-7 mm.
3. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the height of the upper shock-absorbing unit is 1/4-1/2 of that of the lower shock-absorbing unit;
the spring is a spiral spring or a belleville spring;
the viscoelastic cushion is a high dissipation viscoelastic material, is cylindrical in shape, and provides stiffness and damping through compressive deformation.
4. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the damping fluid material is silicone oil, polyurethane, phenolic resin or viscoelastic fluid material.
5. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as recited in claim 1, wherein a circle of damping holes are circumferentially formed in the bottom of the upper steel cylinder at the upper portion of the annular bump, the through holes are immersed in the fluid damping material, and the fluid damping material provides additional damping in the horizontal direction when passing through the damping holes.
6. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the guide rod is in threaded connection or welding with the upper end of the upper steel cylinder, and the other end of the guide rod is fastened to the bottom surface of the connecting plate through threads and a high-strength nut after penetrating through the circular hole of the connecting plate;
the diameter of the round hole of the connecting plate is 1-2 mm larger than that of the guide rod.
7. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the depths of the upper limiting groove and the lower limiting groove are both 1 mm-3 mm, and are used for limiting horizontal sliding of the viscoelastic cushion.
8. The high-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the lower shock-absorbing unit, the upper sealing plate and the connecting plate are connected through high-strength bolts, and the lower sealing plate and the closed end of the lower steel cylinder are connected through high-strength bolts.
9. The high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-absorbing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the outer wall of the upper steel cylinder and the inner wall of the lower steel cylinder is not less than twice the thickness of the viscoelastic material layer in the lower shock-absorbing unit, so as to ensure that the device can meet the deformation requirement in the horizontal direction.
10. A shock insulation and absorption method based on the high-damping multidirectional wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock insulation and absorption device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized by being divided into four stages according to different application environments:
during static load, the gravity of the structure is shared by the upper shock isolation and absorption unit, the lower shock isolation and absorption unit and the fluid damping material, wherein the lower shock isolation and absorption unit and the upper shock isolation and absorption unit work in series and are main bearing elements, and meanwhile, the fluid damping material has an obstruction effect on the vertical movement of the annular boss at the lower end of the upper steel cylinder and also shares part of vertical load;
when earthquake or vibration is acted in the horizontal direction, the lower shock insulation and absorption unit and the fluid damping material jointly play roles of shock insulation and absorption, wherein the lower shock insulation and absorption unit generates shear deformation to insulate the upward transmission of vibration and consume part of vibration energy; meanwhile, a circle of damping holes are formed in the bottom of the upper steel cylinder and positioned at the upper part of the annular convex block along the annular direction, and when the upper steel cylinder moves horizontally, fluid damping materials in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder pass through the damping holes, so that the horizontal damping capacity is further enhanced;
when a vertical earthquake or vibration acts, the spring and the viscoelastic cushion in the upper shock isolation and absorption unit enable the device to form a vertical weak layer, the vertical movement of the spring and the viscoelastic cushion along the guide rod plays a shock isolation role, and the viscoelastic cushion consumes energy through compression deformation to generate a shock absorption role; meanwhile, the fluid damping material in the inner cavity of the lower steel cylinder can block the vertical movement of the annular boss of the upper steel cylinder, so as to generate additional damping force and enhance the vertical shock absorption capacity;
when the upper structure is twisted, swung and lifted, the fluid damping material can block the movement of the upper structure in the corresponding direction due to the adoption of the structure of the annular boss at the bottom of the upper steel cylinder;
when torsion occurs, the upper steel cylinder and the fluid damping material bear most of the torque, and the middle-lower shock isolation unit and the upper shock isolation unit of the device are prevented from being damaged by torsion;
when the swing happens, the resistance effect of the fluid damping material can enable the device to generate resisting moment to prevent the upper structure from overturning;
when the device is pulled, the fluid damping material and the upper steel cylinder bear most of the pulling force, and the core element in the device is protected from being damaged by pulling.
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| CN202210064786.8A CN114412260A (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | High-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolating and damping device and shock-isolating and damping method |
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| CN202210064786.8A CN114412260A (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | High-damping multi-direction wide-frequency-domain anti-pulling shock-isolating and damping device and shock-isolating and damping method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114961387A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏大学 | Passive self-adaptive multi-direction wide-frequency-domain vibration isolation and reduction device |
| CN115538634A (en) * | 2022-10-03 | 2022-12-30 | 北京工业大学 | Universal grading yielding combined damping device with torsion and overturning resisting functions |
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2022
- 2022-01-20 CN CN202210064786.8A patent/CN114412260A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114961387A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏大学 | Passive self-adaptive multi-direction wide-frequency-domain vibration isolation and reduction device |
| CN114961387B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2024-05-14 | 江苏大学 | Passive self-adaptive multi-direction wide-frequency-domain vibration isolation and reduction/vibration reduction device |
| CN115538634A (en) * | 2022-10-03 | 2022-12-30 | 北京工业大学 | Universal grading yielding combined damping device with torsion and overturning resisting functions |
| CN115538634B (en) * | 2022-10-03 | 2023-11-24 | 北京工业大学 | Universal graded yielding combined damping device with torsion-resistant and anti-overturning functions |
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