CN109628773B - Argon-protective rotary blowing refining method for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt - Google Patents
Argon-protective rotary blowing refining method for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109628773B CN109628773B CN201811604985.3A CN201811604985A CN109628773B CN 109628773 B CN109628773 B CN 109628773B CN 201811604985 A CN201811604985 A CN 201811604985A CN 109628773 B CN109628773 B CN 109628773B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum alloy
- casting
- refining
- low
- argon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
A method for refining low-pressure cast aluminum alloy melt by argon protection and rotary blowing comprises the steps of melting an aluminum alloy material; after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the molten aluminum by using a refining device, and standing the molten aluminum alloy after the refining is finished; the mould shell is shaped to be poured; and casting the casting by adopting low-pressure casting equipment connected with a compressed air machine through a low-pressure casting process. The problem of the low pressure casting aluminum alloy melt content great is solved, the density and the bearing capacity of the aluminum alloy are improved, the situation that the metallurgical quality of the aluminum alloy is unstable or even scrapped due to the great melt gas content is avoided, and the production cost of the casting is greatly reduced. According to the invention, the hydrogen content of each 100g of sample after refining is less than 0.1mL, so that the production efficiency is improved while the gas content of the aluminum alloy melt is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for refining a low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt by argon protection and cyclone blowing, which is suitable for a low-pressure casting mode and adopts argon cyclone blowing to refine the aluminum alloy melt.
Background
With the rapid development of the aerospace field, the requirements on the performance of materials and the production efficiency of parts are higher and higher. Aluminum alloy products are increasingly used in recent years due to the characteristics of light weight, good corrosion resistance, good tensile property, easiness in rapid casting production and the like. Particularly, Al-Si alloy has the characteristics of higher mechanical property, easy forming and the like, has excellent volume stability, and is widely applied to various domestic light engines at present. In recent years, the production of domestic high-performance aluminum alloy castings mostly adopts an antigravity pouring mode, and the antigravity casting utilizes external pressure to make molten metal fill from bottom to top along the direction opposite to gravity and solidify and form, so that the method has the characteristics of stable filling, controllable filling speed, reasonable temperature field distribution and contribution to solidification and feeding of the castings, and the produced castings have good mechanical property, compact structure and few casting defects. But the melt gas content of the Al-Si alloy is higher, and the control of the gas content of the aluminum alloy melt has important significance for avoiding the formation of defects such as looseness, air holes, inclusion and the like of the casting, and directly influences the physical property, the mechanical property and the final service performance of the aluminum casting. At present, most of aluminum alloy casting manufacturers in China adopt chloride refining, but the refining mode is often influenced by a field operation mode, and a large amount of toxic gas is generated in the refining process, so that the environment is polluted, and the equipment is seriously corroded. Therefore, the aluminum alloy melt refining mode at the present stage can not meet the requirements of high metallurgical quality and high performance aluminum alloy for aerospace and environmental protection.
The high-purity argon cyclone blowing refining method developed rapidly in recent years has a good refining effect on aluminum alloy melts, is pollution-free, easy to operate in the production process and stable in refining effect, and has been widely applied. The principle is that a rotatable gas nozzle is arranged in a refining molten pool, so that refining gas is sprayed out through the rotatable nozzle to form fine bubbles, and the bubbles are uniformly distributed in the whole molten pool through stirring of a rotor, so that a better refining effect is obtained. However, the gas content of the aluminum alloy melt is influenced by the factors of raw materials, a smelting and material melting process, refining process parameters, a refining process and the like, particularly when the aluminum alloy adopts an anti-gravity pouring mode, the upper end of molten metal needs to be pressurized and maintained by compressed air to form a pressure difference and a molten metal pressure solidification environment, and a part of humid air is inevitably brought in to improve the content of the aluminum alloy melt. The instability of each factor in the aluminum alloy refining process can cause the refining effect to be different. The increase of the gas content of the aluminum alloy casting can cause the formation of aluminum alloy pinholes, induced porosity and shrinkage cavity, reduce the metallurgical quality of the aluminum alloy and have obvious influence on the mechanical property and the pressure bearing capacity of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, at the present stage, a reasonable method is urgently needed to be found, and a solid foundation is provided for the production of the aluminum alloy low-pressure pouring casting with high performance, high compactness and high metallurgical quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for refining low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt by argon protection and rotary blowing.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for refining low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt by argon protection and rotary blowing comprises the following steps:
step 1: melting an aluminum alloy material;
step 2: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the molten aluminum by using a refining device, wherein the technological parameters of the argon cyclone blowing refining are as follows: the rotation speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining at 710-720 ℃ for 15 min;
and step 3: after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal;
and 4, step 4: the mould shell is shaped to be poured;
and 5: the casting is poured by adopting low-pressure pouring equipment connected with a compressed air machine through a low-pressure pouring process, wherein the parameters of the low-pressure pouring process are as follows: casting mold temperature: room temperature, casting temperature: 730-740 ℃, the liquid rising and filling speeds are as follows: 50-150 mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 25 to 45 KPa;
step 6: and (5) cleaning the surface formwork of the casting in the step (5), cutting off a casting head, and polishing burrs on the surface of the casting.
The further improvement of the invention is that before the alloy material is melted, the surface of the alloy material is subjected to dry sand blowing treatment and then is baked for 1 hour at 450 ℃.
The further improvement of the invention is that in the step 1, the concrete process of material melting is as follows: adding the baked aluminum alloy material into the graphite crucible, covering the crucible opening with a bell jar in the material melting process, and introducing argon into the graphite crucible through an argon inlet at the center of the upper end of the bell jar.
The invention is further improved in that the argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the graphite crucible.
The further improvement of the invention is that in the step 2, the refining device comprises a graphite rod, vent holes are arranged along the axis of the graphite rod, the diameter of each vent hole is 14mm, and 9 air outlet holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod at the bottom end of the graphite rod.
The invention is further improved in that the diameter of the air outlet hole is 3 mm.
The invention is further improved in that a baffle is vertically arranged on one side of the graphite rod, the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod.
The invention is further improved in that in the step 2, the slag skimming treatment is carried out in the refining process.
The invention is further improved in that the outlet of the compressed air machine is connected with a gas storage tank through a drying and degassing agent device, and the gas storage tank is connected with low-pressure casting equipment through an oil-water separator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the aluminum alloy material is melted; after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the molten aluminum by using a refining device, and standing the molten aluminum alloy after the refining is finished; the mould shell is shaped to be poured; and casting the casting by adopting low-pressure casting equipment connected with a compressed air machine through a low-pressure casting process. By the refining process and the pouring process, the problem of high melt content of low-pressure cast aluminum alloy is solved, the density and the bearing capacity of the aluminum alloy are improved, the condition that the aluminum alloy is unstable in metallurgical quality and even scrapped due to high melt gas content is avoided, and the production cost of castings is greatly reduced. According to the invention, the hydrogen content of each 100g of sample after refining is less than 0.1mL, so that the production efficiency is improved while the gas content of the aluminum alloy melt is reduced.
Furthermore, the raw materials are baked to 450 ℃, so that the content of adsorbed gas of the raw materials can be fully reduced, the material melting time can be greatly reduced, the material melting efficiency is improved, and the air suction time of the aluminum alloy in the material melting process is reduced.
Furthermore, the refining device is simple to manufacture, can isolate the contact of the aluminum alloy melt and air, and reduces the oxidation slag inclusion and air suction of the aluminum alloy melt in the material melting process.
Furthermore, a drying agent degassing device is arranged between a compressed air machine and a gas storage tank of the low-pressure casting equipment, and an oil-water separator is arranged between the gas storage tank and the low-pressure casting machine, so that dry gas is generated after air generated in the compressed air machine reaches the low-pressure casting equipment; the double-layer measure is used for reducing the gas content of the pressurized gas for antigravity pouring, and the possibility of gas suction of the aluminum alloy melt is avoided in the pouring process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a graphite rod of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is an air outlet, 2 is an air vent, and 3 is a graphite rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to examples:
based on a certain aviation shell product, smelting aluminum alloy in a 150Kg resistance melting furnace as a research object, and strictly controlling the cleanliness and baking mode of raw materials; designing a simple smelting argon protection device; designing a gating system according to the casting structure; determining optimal matching parameters of argon gas cyclone blowing equipment and the process; refining; simply transforming a low-pressure casting air inlet device; carrying out hydrogen measurement detection on the molten metal before pouring; detecting the metallurgical quality of the casting by rays; detecting the pinhole grade of the casting at a low power; a compression test was performed.
The invention comprises the following steps:
step 1: the surface of the aluminum alloy material needs to be subjected to dry sand blowing treatment, and then the aluminum alloy material is baked for 1 hour at 450 ℃ for standby application;
step 2: adding the aluminum alloy material baked in the step (1) into a graphite crucible of 150Kg, covering a crucible opening with a bell jar in the material melting process, introducing argon into the aluminum alloy crucible at the central part of the upper end of the bell jar, wherein the argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the crucible;
and step 3: improve argon gas cyclone and blow refining plant, refining plant's structure does: referring to fig. 1, vent holes 2 are formed along the axis of a graphite rod 3, the diameter of each vent hole 2 is 14mm, and 9 air outlet holes 1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod and have the diameter of 3mm are formed at the bottom end of the graphite rod; a baffle is arranged on one side of the graphite rod 3, the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate 3 is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod, so that the eddy current is more uniform;
and 4, step 4: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the aluminum liquid, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the rotation speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining at 710-720 ℃ for 15 min; the ventilation volume is matched with 9 air outlet holes 1 with the diameter of 3mm in the step 3, so that the metallurgical quality of the aluminum alloy casting is improved, the density of the aluminum alloy is improved, the pressure bearing capacity of the aluminum alloy is increased, and the mechanical property advantage of the aluminum alloy is exerted as much as possible.
And 5: slagging-off treatment is required to be carried out all the time in the refining process;
step 6: the following improvements are made to the low-pressure casting equipment: adding a drying degasifier device between a compressed air machine and a gas storage tank; and secondly, adding an oil-water separator between the gas storage tank and the low-pressure pouring equipment.
And 7: and after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal for 10min to finish hydrogen measurement and detection.
And 8: the mold shell is ready for casting.
And step 9: the casting is poured by adopting a low-pressure pouring process through low-pressure pouring equipment connected with a compressed air machine, wherein the casting temperature is as follows: normal temperature, casting temperature: 730-740 ℃, the liquid rising and filling speeds are as follows: 100mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 40 KPa.
Step 10: and (4) cleaning the surface formwork of the casting in the step (9), cutting off a casting head, polishing burrs on the surface of the casting and the like.
Step 11: and (5) carrying out X-ray detection on the casting in the step (10) to finish the low power detection and the pressing experiment.
The following are specific examples.
Example 1
Taking a casting with the size of 560 multiplied by 245 multiplied by 190mm as an example, the casting is made of ZL114A, the material is totally 11 oil path pipes, the number of bosses is large, the shapes are different, a 3D printing sand mold and low-pressure pouring mode is adopted, the number of separated sand molding blocks is large, and the specific steps of the implementation are as follows:
step 1: the surface of the aluminum alloy material must be subjected to dry sand blowing treatment, and the material is baked for 1 hour at 450 ℃ for standby.
Step 2: adding the aluminum alloy material baked in the step 1 into a graphite crucible of 150Kg, covering the crucible opening with a bell jar in the material melting process, introducing argon into the aluminum alloy crucible at the center of the upper end of the bell jar, and ensuring that the argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the crucible.
And step 3: improve argon gas cyclone and blow refining plant, refining plant improves the structure: the graphite rod is provided with vent holes 2 along the axis of the graphite rod 3, the diameter of each vent hole 2 is 14mm, and the bottom end of the graphite rod is provided with 9 air outlet holes 1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod and have the diameter of 3 mm; a baffle is arranged on one side of the graphite rod 3, the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate 3 is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod, so that the eddy current is more uniform;
and 4, step 4: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the aluminum liquid, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining temperature of 715 +/-5 ℃ for 15 min.
And 5: the slag removing treatment is required to be carried out all the time in the refining process.
Step 6: the following improvements are made to the low-pressure casting equipment: adding a drying degasifier device between a compressed air machine and a gas storage tank; and secondly, adding an oil-water separator between the gas storage tank and the low-pressure pouring equipment.
And 7: and after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal for 10min to finish hydrogen measurement and detection.
And 8: and (3) molding the 3D printing sand mold block to be poured.
And step 9: casting a casting by adopting a low-pressure casting process through low-pressure casting equipment connected with a compressed air machine, wherein the casting temperature is as follows: normal temperature, casting temperature: 735-745 ℃, and the liquid lifting and filling speeds are as follows: 50mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 38 KPa.
Step 10: and (4) cleaning the sand mould on the surface of the casting in the step (9), cutting off a casting head, polishing burrs on the surface of the casting and the like.
Step 11: and (5) carrying out X-ray detection on the casting in the step (10) to finish the low power detection and the pressing experiment.
Refining the aluminum alloy according to the method, wherein a pit is formed in the middle of a hydrogen measurement sample and is collapsed, and the hydrogen content of each 100g of the refined sample is 0.08mL, which indicates that no gas overflows from the interior of the sample; the internal metallurgical quality of the casting reaches HB 963I casting standard through X-ray detection, the pinhole grade is less than 1 grade through low-power test, and the pressure of an oil pipeline pipe with the thickness of 4mm can be 0.8MPa through a pressurizing test.
Example 2
Taking a casting with the size of 150 multiplied by 130 multiplied by 57mm and the whole wall thickness of 8mm as an example, the material is ZL105, and the casting has two hydraulic bearing channels, and the implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: the surface of the aluminum alloy material must be subjected to dry sand blowing treatment, and the material is baked for 1 hour at 450 ℃ for standby.
Step 2: adding the aluminum alloy material baked in the step 1 into a graphite crucible of 150Kg, covering the crucible opening with a bell jar in the material melting process, introducing argon into the aluminum alloy crucible at the center of the upper end of the bell jar, and ensuring that the argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the crucible.
And step 3: improve argon gas cyclone and blow refining plant, refining plant improves the structure: the graphite rod is provided with vent holes 2 along the axis of the graphite rod 3, the diameter of each vent hole 2 is 14mm, and the bottom end of the graphite rod is provided with 9 air outlet holes 1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod and have the diameter of 3 mm; a baffle is arranged on one side of the graphite rod 3, the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate 3 is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod, so that the eddy current is more uniform;
and 4, step 4: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the aluminum liquid, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining temperature 715 +/-5 ℃ and refining time 15 min.
And 5: the slag removing treatment is required to be carried out all the time in the refining process.
Step 6: the following improvements are made to the low-pressure casting equipment: adding a drying degasifier device between a compressed air machine and a gas storage tank; and secondly, adding an oil-water separator between the gas storage tank and the low-pressure pouring equipment.
And 7: and after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal for 10min to finish hydrogen measurement and detection.
And 8: the mold shell is ready for casting.
And step 9: casting a casting by adopting a low-pressure casting process through low-pressure casting equipment connected with a compressed air machine, wherein the casting temperature is as follows: normal temperature, casting temperature: 725-735 ℃, the liquid rising and filling speeds are as follows: 80mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 35 KPa.
Step 10: and (4) cleaning the surface formwork of the casting in the step (9), cutting off a casting head, polishing burrs on the surface of the casting and the like.
Step 11: and (5) carrying out X-ray detection on the casting in the step (10) to finish the low power detection and the pressing experiment.
Refining the aluminum alloy according to the method, wherein pits existing in the middle of a hydrogen measurement sample are collapsed, and the hydrogen content of each 100g of the sample after refining is 0.07 mL; the internal metallurgical quality of the casting reaches HB 963I casting standard through X-ray detection, the pinhole grade is less than 1 grade through low-power test, and the oil pipeline with the thickness of 8mm can bear the hydraulic pressure of 0.8MPa through the pressurizing test.
Example 3
By size
The casting with the integral wall thickness of 16mm is exemplified by the material ZL114A, and is basin-shaped, large in radian and hollow in inner cavity. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: the surface of the aluminum alloy material must be subjected to dry sand blowing treatment, and the material is baked for 1 hour at 450 ℃ for standby.
Step 2: adding the aluminum alloy material baked in the step 1 into a graphite crucible of 150Kg, covering the crucible opening with a bell jar in the material melting process, introducing argon into the aluminum alloy crucible at the center of the upper end of the bell jar, and ensuring that the argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the crucible.
And step 3: improve argon gas cyclone and blow refining plant, refining plant improves the structure: the graphite rod is provided with vent holes 2 along the axis of the graphite rod 3, the diameter of each vent hole 2 is 14mm, and the bottom end of the graphite rod is provided with 9 air outlet holes 1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod and have the diameter of 3 mm; a baffle is arranged on one side of the graphite rod 3, the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate 3 is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod, so that the eddy current is more uniform;
and 4, step 4: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the aluminum liquid, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining temperature 715 +/-5 ℃ and refining time 15 min.
And 5: the slag removing treatment is required to be carried out all the time in the refining process.
Step 6: the following improvements are made to the low-pressure casting equipment: adding a drying degasifier device between a compressed air machine and a gas storage tank; and secondly, adding an oil-water separator between the gas storage tank and the low-pressure pouring equipment.
And 7: and after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal for 10min to finish hydrogen measurement and detection.
And 8: the mold shell is ready for casting.
And step 9: casting a casting by adopting a low-pressure casting process through low-pressure casting equipment connected with a compressed air machine, wherein the casting temperature is as follows: normal temperature, casting temperature: 735-740 ℃, and the liquid rising and filling speeds are as follows: 100mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 45 KPa.
Step 10: and (4) cleaning the surface formwork of the casting in the step (9), cutting off a casting head, polishing burrs on the surface of the casting and the like.
Step 11: and (5) carrying out X-ray detection on the casting in the step (10) to finish the low power detection and the pressing experiment.
Refining the aluminum alloy according to the method, wherein pits existing in the middle of a hydrogen measurement sample are collapsed, and the hydrogen content of each 100g of the sample after refining is 0.09 mL; the internal metallurgical quality of the casting reaches HB 963I casting standard through X-ray detection, the pinhole grade is less than 1 grade through low-power test, and the oil pipeline with the thickness of 4mm can bear the air pressure of 0.9MPa through air flow test.
Example 4
By size
The casting is prepared from ZL205A, is in a barrel shape, has the integral wall thickness of 18mm, and is hollow in the middle, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: the surface of the aluminum alloy material must be subjected to dry sand blowing treatment, and the material is baked for 1 hour at 450 ℃ for standby.
Step 2: adding the aluminum alloy material baked in the step 1 into a graphite crucible of 150Kg, covering the crucible opening with a bell jar in the material melting process, introducing argon into the aluminum alloy crucible at the center of the upper end of the bell jar, and ensuring that the argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the crucible.
And step 3: improve argon gas cyclone and blow refining plant, refining plant improves the structure: the graphite rod is provided with vent holes 2 along the axis of the graphite rod 3, the diameter of each vent hole 2 is 14mm, and the bottom end of the graphite rod is provided with 9 air outlet holes 1 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod and have the diameter of 3 mm; a baffle is arranged on one side of the graphite rod 3, the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate 3 is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod, so that the eddy current is more uniform;
and 4, step 4: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the aluminum liquid, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the rotating speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining temperature 715 +/-5 ℃ and refining time 15 min.
And 5: the slag removing treatment is required to be carried out all the time in the refining process.
Step 6: the following improvements are made to the low-pressure casting equipment: adding a drying degasifier device between a compressed air machine and a gas storage tank; and secondly, adding an oil-water separator between the gas storage tank and the low-pressure pouring equipment.
And 7: and after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal for 10min to finish hydrogen measurement and detection.
And 8: the mold shell is ready for casting.
And step 9: casting a casting by adopting a low-pressure casting process through low-pressure casting equipment connected with a compressed air machine, wherein the casting temperature is as follows: normal temperature, casting temperature: 735-740 ℃, and the liquid rising and filling speeds are as follows: 100mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 45 KPa.
Step 10: and (4) cleaning the surface formwork of the casting in the step (9), cutting off a casting head, polishing burrs on the surface of the casting and the like.
Step 11: and (5) carrying out X-ray detection on the casting in the step (10) to finish the macroscopic detection.
Refining the aluminum alloy according to the method, wherein pits existing in the middle of a hydrogen measurement sample are collapsed, and the hydrogen content of each 100g of the sample after refining is 0.06 mL; the internal metallurgical quality of the casting reaches HB963 II casting standard through X-ray detection, and the pinhole grade is less than 1 grade through low-power test.
For preparing different aluminum alloys, according to specific conditions, the liquid lifting and filling speeds can be within the range of 50-150 mm/s, and the solidification pressure difference can be within the range of 25-45 KPa.
The invention designs a new aluminum alloy raw material smelting process from the detail control in the production process, solves the problem of higher content of low-pressure cast aluminum alloy melt through the refining device, the refining process and the pouring process in the invention, improves the compactness and the bearing capacity of the aluminum alloy, avoids the condition that the aluminum alloy has unstable metallurgical quality and is even scrapped due to higher gas content of the melt, and ensures the great reduction of the production cost of castings. According to the invention, the hydrogen content of each 100g of sample after refining is less than 0.1mL, so that the production efficiency is improved while the gas content of the aluminum alloy melt is reduced.
Claims (4)
1. A method for refining low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt by argon protection and rotary blowing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: carrying out dry sand blowing treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, then baking for 1h at 450 ℃, and then melting the aluminum alloy material; the specific process is as follows: adding the baked aluminum alloy material into a graphite crucible, covering a crucible opening by using a bell jar in the material melting process, and introducing argon into the graphite crucible through an argon inlet in the center of the upper end of the bell jar;
step 2: after the melting is finished, carrying out argon cyclone blowing refining on the molten aluminum by using a refining device, wherein the technological parameters of the argon cyclone blowing refining are as follows: the rotation speed is 300r/min, and the ventilation volume is 0.4-0.6 m3H, refining at 710-720 ℃ for 15 min; the refining device comprises a graphite rod (3), vent holes (2) are formed along the axis of the graphite rod (3), the diameter of each vent hole (2) is 14mm, and 9 air outlet holes (1) are formed in the bottom end of the graphite rod and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the graphite rod; a baffle is vertically arranged on one side of the graphite rod (3), the distance between the baffle and the axial center line of the graphite plate (3) is 6cm, and the bottom end of the baffle is 20cm higher than the bottom end of the graphite rod;
and step 3: after refining, standing the aluminum alloy molten metal;
and 4, step 4: the mould shell is shaped to be poured;
and 5: the casting is poured by adopting low-pressure pouring equipment connected with a compressed air machine through a low-pressure pouring process, wherein the parameters of the low-pressure pouring process are as follows: casting mold temperature: room temperature, casting temperature: 730-740 ℃, the liquid rising and filling speeds are as follows: 50-150 mm/s, solidification pressure difference: 25 to 45 KPa;
step 6: cleaning the formwork on the surface of the casting in the step 5, cutting off a casting head, and polishing burrs on the surface of the casting;
the outlet of the compressed air machine is connected with a gas storage tank through a drying and degassing agent device, and the gas storage tank is connected with low-pressure casting equipment through an oil-water separator.
2. The method for argon-shielded rotary blowing refining of the low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt according to claim 1, wherein an argon inlet is 5cm higher than the upper end of the graphite crucible.
3. A low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt argon protection spin-blow refining method according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the gas outlet hole (1) is 3 mm.
4. The argon-shielded rotary blowing refining method for the low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, slagging-off treatment is carried out in the refining process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811604985.3A CN109628773B (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Argon-protective rotary blowing refining method for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811604985.3A CN109628773B (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Argon-protective rotary blowing refining method for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109628773A CN109628773A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
| CN109628773B true CN109628773B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
Family
ID=66078078
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811604985.3A Active CN109628773B (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Argon-protective rotary blowing refining method for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109628773B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114350976B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-04-28 | 北京科技大学 | Regenerated avionics melt argon refining equipment and refining method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205687984U (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-16 | 山东滨州华创金属有限公司 | A kind of graphite rotator preventing aluminium alloy from aoxidizing |
| CN107931581A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | The more echelon pressure regulation combined shaping methods of aluminum matrix composite |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102343418B (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-07-10 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Casting method of three-dimensional flow aluminum alloy impeller casting |
| CN102554125B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-11-06 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Precision casting method of aluminum gearbox |
| CN105364048B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-06-12 | 衢州学院 | A kind of air compressor machine connecting rod manufacturing method |
| CN106216636B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-01-26 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of AlMg3 aluminium alloy vanes tip arrester low-pressure casting method |
| CN106925756A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-07-07 | 中国第汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of low-pressure casting preparation method of aluminum alloy auxiliary vehicle frame |
-
2018
- 2018-12-26 CN CN201811604985.3A patent/CN109628773B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205687984U (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-16 | 山东滨州华创金属有限公司 | A kind of graphite rotator preventing aluminium alloy from aoxidizing |
| CN107931581A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-20 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | The more echelon pressure regulation combined shaping methods of aluminum matrix composite |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109628773A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109175307B (en) | 3D printing sand mold antigravity casting forming method | |
| CN103742536B (en) | The casting method of high-lead bronze copper sheathing | |
| CN103882185B (en) | High pressure bottom blowing refining casting device and the method with its smelting high-nitrogen steel | |
| CN107838373A (en) | The complicated closed aluminium alloy box body shell body casting precision casting molding method of ultra-thin-wall | |
| CN109628773B (en) | Argon-protective rotary blowing refining method for low-pressure casting aluminum alloy melt | |
| CN111957897A (en) | Pouring system for antigravity casting | |
| CN102581249A (en) | Centrifugal casting method of aluminum alloy impeller | |
| CN103341621A (en) | Subsurface-flow casting method | |
| CN104525865A (en) | Gravity rotated casting pouring basin | |
| CN1223420C (en) | Sand mould negative pressure gravity casting method | |
| CN116652111A (en) | Water meter metal shell casting forming device and method | |
| CN105478707B (en) | A kind of method that utilization vertical centrifugal casting technique productions bore section rotary drum | |
| CN101422809A (en) | Shrinkage compensation method of hollow cast | |
| CN105834401B (en) | One pipe multimode vacuum adjustable pressure casting new method of supercharger impeller and special purpose device | |
| CN204619893U (en) | A kind of spiral agitator and application apparatus thereof | |
| CN104014742A (en) | Casting process and casting mould of large propeller hub body | |
| CN104209471A (en) | Preparation method of triplet shell casting | |
| CN107498001A (en) | The pouring cup device with electromagnetism purified treatment for magnesium iron mold continuous production | |
| CN215614879U (en) | Pouring device of centrifugal pump with complex inner cavity structure | |
| CN206083800U (en) | Abnormal -shaped nut's centrifugal cast mould | |
| RU119657U1 (en) | HOLLOW INGOST CASTING FORM | |
| CN201803866U (en) | Molten steel sampler | |
| CN211054004U (en) | Air brick mold | |
| CN215614880U (en) | Pouring device of complex top pouring type diaphragm pump lower cover | |
| CN108637232A (en) | A kind of molten metal heating and heat-insulating device and heating heat preserving method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 710000 No.10, east section of Jinggao North Road, Jingwei new town, economic and Technological Development Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee after: Xi'an Supercrystalline Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SHENYANG AIRCRAFT Corp. Address before: 710000 No.10, east section of Jinggao North Road, Jingwei new town, economic and Technological Development Zone, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Patentee before: XI'AN SUPERCRYSYAL SCI-TECH DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SHENYANG AIRCRAFT Corp. |
|
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |