CN109627035A - 一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维体育馆空间吸声体制备方法 - Google Patents

一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维体育馆空间吸声体制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109627035A
CN109627035A CN201811649484.7A CN201811649484A CN109627035A CN 109627035 A CN109627035 A CN 109627035A CN 201811649484 A CN201811649484 A CN 201811649484A CN 109627035 A CN109627035 A CN 109627035A
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马开梅
陈望
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Xinghua Precision Casting And Forging Industry Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,采用短纤维针刺体作为预制体骨架,采用树脂浸渍、固化、炭化的工艺进行硬化处理。该方法为:一、采用粘胶基炭纤维针刺体作为预制体材料;二、树脂浸渍液的配置;三、树脂浸渍;四、固化处理;五、炭化处理;六、机械加工后,制得石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体。本发明采用粘胶基炭纤维作为骨架,树脂炭基体作为增强体且经过石墨烯改性的低密度、多孔炭/炭吸声体,具有防水、防火、抗老化、抗冲击能力好,用材低能耗、环保、废弃后对环境无污染,在使用过程中,吸声效果好等优点。

Description

一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维体育馆空间吸声体制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于新材料领域,具体涉及一种耐腐蚀、抗老化、体育馆空间吸声体。
背景技术
体育馆空间吸声体是一种分散悬吊于体育馆上方的吸声材料。它对中高频吸声非常理想,声波在其表面几乎不会产生反射,可有效控制和调整室内的混响时间,降低混响产生的噪音,改善音质(适用于对音质要求较高的场所,如体育馆、会议室等)。
空间吸声体与室内表面上的吸声材料相比,在同样投影谬下,空间吸声体具有较高的吸声效率。这是由于空间吸声体具有更大的有效吸声谬(包括空间吸声体的上顶面、下底面和侧面);另外,由于声波在吸声体的上顶面和建筑物顶面之间多次反射,从而被多次吸收,使吸声量,了吸声效率。通常以中、高频段吸声效率的为显著。
空间吸声体的性能要求:
1、空间吸声体吸声系数实测特性应不小于以下值(混响室法);
2、吸声体应到达防火性能;
3、在20摄氏度室温下,65%相对湿度条件下,回潮率≤0.8%。
4、400mm厚及75mm厚的吸声体的单位谬重量应≤8kg/m2
5、具有环保性、防污、防尘、可擦洗,无超标挥发物,符合有关环保或规定。
低密度粘胶基炭纤维复合材料对各个频率的声音均具有优良的吸声效果,加速吸音效率,起到了隔声降噪的效果,同时还具有阻燃隔热的作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,而提供一种工艺简单、硬化效果好、具有防水、防火、抗老化、抗冲击能力好,用材低能耗、环保、废弃后对环境无污染,在使用过程中,吸声效果好等优点的石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:采用粘胶基炭纤维针刺体作为预制体材料,预制体密度控制在0.04 g/cm3-0.12g/cm3
步骤二:配置树脂浸渍液,将树脂和酒精按一定的比例混合搅拌,其混合比例为树脂:酒精=1:(4-10),搅拌均匀。然后将石墨烯按一定比例添加到树脂浸渍液中,搅拌均匀。
步骤三:将步骤二中配置好的树脂浸渍液加压浸渍在预制体坯体内,压力为0.8MPa-4.0MPa下进行浸渍。
步骤四:将步骤三中浸渍处理后坯体置于固化炉内进行固化处理,固化温度为110℃-200℃。
步骤五:将步骤四中固化处理的坯体置于炭化炉内进行炭化处理,炭化温度为700℃-900℃。
步骤六:将步骤五出炉的体育馆空间吸声体坯体经过机械加工后,制得石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体。其最终密度为0.30 g/cm3-1.50 g/cm3
上述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一中所述的粘胶基炭纤维丝束为1K-12K,粘胶基炭纤维针刺体布针密度为15针/cm2-35针/cm2,粘胶基炭纤维长度控制在5mm-100mm。
上述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二中所述的树脂为环氧树脂或酚醛树脂,酒精为工业酒精,纯度≥95%,石墨烯添加量为0.05wt%-0.5 wt%。
上述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三中所述的浸渍工艺,浸渍时间为1h-10h。
上述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤四中所述的固化升温速率为5℃/h-20℃/h,保温1h-5h。
上述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤五中所述的炭化升温速率为5℃/h-30℃/h,保温1h-6h。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点:
1、与传统吸声体的制备技术相比,本发明采用粘胶基炭纤维作为骨架,树脂炭基体作为增强体且经过石墨烯改性的低密度、多孔炭/炭吸声体具有一定的机械强度,抗老化和耐腐蚀性能好等优点。
2、本发明工艺简单,吸声效果好,并且易于大批量生产,可按照不同要求将材料随意进行加工切割成型。
附图说明
图1是本发明制备石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的工艺流程框图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
步骤一:采用粘胶基炭纤维针刺体作为预制体材料,预制体密度控制在0.04 g/cm3,粘胶基炭纤维丝束为1K,布针密度为15针/cm2,粘胶基炭纤维长度控制在5mm-100mm。
步骤二:配置树脂浸渍液,将树脂和酒精按一定的比例混合搅拌,其混合比例为树脂:酒精=1:4,树脂为环氧树脂,酒精为工业酒精,纯度≥95%,石墨烯添加量为0.05wt%,搅拌均匀。
步骤三:将步骤二中配置好的树脂浸渍液加压浸渍在预制体坯体内,压力为0.8MPa下进行浸渍,浸渍时间为1h。
步骤四:将步骤三中浸渍处理后坯体置于固化炉内进行固化处理,固化温度为110℃,固化升温速率为5℃/h,保温1h。
步骤五:将步骤四中固化处理的坯体置于炭化炉内进行炭化处理,炭化温度为700℃,炭化升温速率为5℃/h,保温1h。
步骤六:将步骤五出炉的体育馆空间吸声体坯体经过机械加工后,制得石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体。其最终密度为0.30 g/cm3
实施例2
步骤一:采用粘胶基炭纤维针刺体作为预制体材料,预制体密度控制在0.10 g/cm3,粘胶基炭纤维丝束为3K,布针密度为20针/cm2,粘胶基炭纤维长度控制在5mm-100mm。
步骤二:配置树脂浸渍液,将树脂和酒精按一定的比例混合搅拌,其混合比例为树脂:酒精=1:6,树脂为酚醛树脂,酒精为工业酒精,纯度≥95%,石墨烯添加量为0.1wt%,搅拌均匀。
步骤三:将步骤二中配置好的树脂浸渍液加压浸渍在预制体坯体内,压力为2.0MPa下进行浸渍,浸渍时间为2h。
步骤四:将步骤三中浸渍处理后坯体置于固化炉内进行固化处理,固化温度为150℃,固化升温速率为10℃/h,保温3h。
步骤五:将步骤四中固化处理的坯体置于炭化炉内进行炭化处理,炭化温度为800℃,炭化升温速率为10℃/h,保温3h。
步骤六:将步骤五出炉的体育馆空间吸声体坯体经过机械加工后,制得石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体。其最终密度为1.05 g/cm3
实施例3
步骤一:采用粘胶基炭纤维针刺体作为预制体材料,预制体密度控制在0.12g/cm3,粘胶基炭纤维丝束为12K,布针密度为35针/cm2,粘胶基炭纤维长度控制在5mm-100mm。
步骤二:配置树脂浸渍液,将树脂和酒精按一定的比例混合搅拌,其混合比例为树脂:酒精=1:10,树脂为环氧树脂,酒精为工业酒精,纯度≥95%,石墨烯添加量为0.5 wt%,搅拌均匀。
步骤三:将步骤二中配置好的树脂浸渍液加压浸渍在预制体坯体内,压力为4.0MPa下进行浸渍,浸渍时间为10h。
步骤四:将步骤三中浸渍处理后坯体置于固化炉内进行固化处理,固化温度为200℃,固化升温速率为20℃/h,保温5h。
步骤五:将步骤四中固化处理的坯体置于炭化炉内进行炭化处理,炭化温度为900℃,炭化升温速率为20℃/h,保温5h。
步骤六:将步骤五出炉的体育馆空间吸声体坯体经过机械加工后,制得石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体。其最终密度为1.50 g/cm3
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变换,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤一:采用粘胶基炭纤维针刺体作为预制体材料,预制体密度控制在0.04 g/cm3-0.12g/cm3
步骤二:配置树脂浸渍液,将树脂和酒精按一定的比例混合搅拌,其混合比例为树脂:酒精=1:(4-10),搅拌均匀,然后将石墨烯按一定比例添加到树脂浸渍液中,搅拌均匀;
步骤三:将步骤二中配置好的树脂浸渍液加压浸渍在预制体坯体内,压力为0.8MPa-4.0MPa下进行浸渍;
步骤四:将步骤三中浸渍处理后坯体置于固化炉内进行固化处理,固化温度为110℃-200℃;
步骤五:将步骤四中固化处理的坯体置于炭化炉内进行炭化处理,炭化温度为700℃-900℃;
步骤六:将步骤五出炉的公路声屏障坯体经过机械加工后,制得石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体,其最终密度为0.30 g/cm3-1.50g/cm3
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤一中所述的粘胶基炭纤维丝束为1K-12K,粘胶基炭纤维针刺体布针密度为15针/cm2-35针/cm2,粘胶基炭纤维长度控制在5mm-100mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤二中所述的树脂为环氧树脂或酚醛树脂,酒精为工业酒精,纯度≥95%,石墨烯添加量为0.05wt%-0.5 wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤三中所述的浸渍工艺,浸渍时间为1h-10h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤四中所述的固化升温速率为5℃/h-20℃/h,保温1h-5h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨烯改性粘胶基炭纤维复合材料体育馆空间吸声体的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤五中所述的炭化升温速率为5℃/h-30℃/h,保温1h-6h。
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