CN109621030A - A kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display - Google Patents
A kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109621030A CN109621030A CN201811647351.6A CN201811647351A CN109621030A CN 109621030 A CN109621030 A CN 109621030A CN 201811647351 A CN201811647351 A CN 201811647351A CN 109621030 A CN109621030 A CN 109621030A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- negative pressure
- pressure
- display
- main casing
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A61M1/0023—
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/74—Suction control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
Abstract
The present invention discloses the thoracic duction instrument of a kind of electronic control and display, mainly includes the components such as main casing, panel, drainage tube interface, Negative pressure machine interface, negative pressure adjusting component, pressure relief opening, urgent gas vent, flow pump, negative pressure instruction disk, light-emitting diode display, central controller, check valve, hole connecting plate, negative pressure display lamp, pressure sensor, electromagnetic switch valve and multiple cavities.The invention proposes the thoracic duction instruments of a kind of electronic control and display, it is shown provided with a variety of pressure and controlling and regulating system, to ensure pleural pressure safety, it mainly include the electron pressure and flow indication and regulating system using compositions such as flow pump, pressure sensor, electromagnetic switch valve and display systems, and with mechanical display systems such as check valve, negative pressure instruction disks.The device of the invention also additionally provides multiple emergency decompression mechanisms, comprehensive guarantee pleural pressure safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical instruments fields, and in particular to draws in the thoracic cavity for designing disposable electronic control and display
Flow device.
Background technique
During cardiac thoracic surgery, it usually needs excrete intrathoracic gas and liquid in time, need simultaneously
The pressure in control thoracic cavity is in a reasonable range, ensures patient safety.Existing chest drainage method usually uses hand
Work squeezes drainage tube and generates pressure difference and gas-liquid is excluded thoracic cavity, and this way is difficult to control reasonable pressure, and effect is poor.Also
There are some ambition drainage devices, although excreting gas-liquid using the form that Negative pressure machine extracts, its pressure limit is difficult to adjust
Section.The gas-liquid in thoracic cavity needs to exclude in time, while also needing effectively to control the expansion and contraction pressure in thoracic cavity all in safe model
It encloses, it so just can be with effective guarantee operation safety.
In order to cardiac thoracic surgery provide high quality gas-liquid drainage way, need to design it is a kind of facilitate pressure adjust,
Gas-liquid automatic drainage device with maltilevel security guarantee.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention proposes the thoracic duction instrument of a kind of electronic control and display, stream is utilized
Measure pump, pressure sensor, a variety of electronic control means and the mechanical pressure display means such as solenoid valve, multiple applications control with
It shows the barometric information in thoracic cavity, automatically controls and adjust thoracic cavity air pressure in the range of setting, protection thoracic cavity safety.
The present invention provides the thoracic duction instrument of a kind of electronic control and display, and technical solution is:
A kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display, mainly connects including main casing, panel, drainage tube interface, Negative pressure machine
Mouth, urgent gas vent, flow pump, negative pressure instruction disk, light-emitting diode display, central controller, check valve, hole connecting plate, negative pressure are aobvious
Show lamp, pressure sensor, electromagnetic switch valve and multiple cavities；
The main casing is mainly used for installing each functional unit, and contains multiple cavities, mainly there is the first cavity and second
Cavity, these cavitys and each functional unit have cooperatively formed multiple function containers.The panel is coupled with main casing, shape
At closed the multiple cavity, the multiple cavity body structure includes the first cavity, third cavity and the second cavity, the drainage
Interface tube is located at main casing body sidewall, and drainage tube interface one end is connected to the first cavity, the other end by conduit and thoracic cavity or its
His body cavity is connected to, and the gas-liquid extracted from body cavity passes through drainage tube interface into the first cavity first.
It is provided with the Negative pressure machine interface at the top of second cavity, and Negative pressure machine interface is located at main casing body sidewall, Negative pressure machine connects
Mouth one end is connect with the second cavity, and the other end is connect with Negative pressure machine, generates negative pressure in the second cavity using Negative pressure machine pumping；The
Two cavitys are connected to third cavity by check valve, for preventing gas from entering third cavity from the second cavity；I.e. when the first chamber
Body when being in negative pressure unidirectional valve closure prevent gas from entering third cavity from the second cavity；It is single when the first cavity is in positive pressure
It is opened to valve so that gas enters the second cavity, realization exhaust from third cavity, it is ensured that thoracic cavity safety.
First cavity is connected to third cavity by flow pump, and flow pump is electrically connected with central controller, after measuring flow
It is shown on light-emitting diode display by central controller, i.e., when the gas of the first cavity enters the second cavity by flow pump, stream
The numerical value is transmitted to central controller by amount pump record flow value, and central controller is aobvious by light-emitting diode display after being further processed
Show the flow number.
To keep the apparatus structure compact, hole connecting plate is set in the bottom of third cavity, the hole connecting plate includes
First hole and the second hole, the first hole and the second hole are connected to third cavity and the second cavity；Wherein pressure sensor passes through pipeline
The first hole is connected, the pressure of the second cavity can be measured, and shows the pressure state of cavity by negative pressure display lamp；Electromagnetic switch valve
The second hole is connected by pipeline, and the outlet of electromagnetic switch valve is connected to by pipeline with urgent exhaust outlet, collective effect is to cavity
Carry out emergency decompression；The urgent gas vent is arranged in the side or back of main casing 1, the pressure sensor, flow pump,
Negative pressure display lamp and electromagnetic switch valve are electrically connected with central controller.Usual central controller and negative pressure display lamp can share one
A circuit board, and the position being arranged in convenient for observation.
The induction numerical value of above-mentioned pressure sensor is transmitted to central controller by circuit, when pressure is negative pressure, lights
Negative pressure display lamp opens electromagnetic switch valve, by the pressure in the second cavity by being promptly vented when pressure on the number is greater than 60mmHg
Mouth pressure release.
Further, panel is provided with panel stomata at the position for being located at the first cavity, and panel stomata is by multiple through-hole structures
At；The position of corresponding panel stomata is configured with negative pressure instruction disk simultaneously on panel, and the negative pressure instruction disk is made of silica gel piece,
Silica gel piece separates the first cavity with atmosphere；When the first cavity is negative pressure negative pressure instruction disk is recessed and when positive pressure
It is convex, so as to intuitively show the barometric information of the first cavity.
Described device further includes that negative pressure adjusts component, and the negative pressure adjusts component and be connected to the second cavity, is used for adjusting the
The negative pressure numerical value of two cavitys.The negative pressure adjusts component and is made of slide plate, track, connecting tube, gas passage and gasket；Track
It is provided with the gas passage of variable cross-section product, gas passage is connect with connecting tube one end, and the other end of connecting tube is connected to cavity；
Gasket pushes slide plate to push the cooperation position of gasket and gas passage simultaneously, so that gas between slide plate and track
Entrance cross-sectional area be in some respective value so that drainage device generated under the action of Negative pressure machine it is corresponding negative
Pressure.
Further, the top position of the first cavity is located at the back side of main casing, is provided with pressure relief opening, the pressure relief opening
It is sealed with silica gel ring, when needing emergency decompression, manually presses pressure relief opening valve, it is ensured that ambition cavity safety.
Further, it is provided with the first in command at the top of main casing, side is provided with second handle, is arranged in bottom
There is support.It is provided with battery pack at the back of main casing, for being central controller, flow pump, pressure sensor, electromagnetic switch
The power supply of the electronic components such as valve, light-emitting diode display, negative pressure display lamp.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages that the invention proposes the chests of a kind of electronic control and display
Chamber drainage device is provided with a variety of pressure and show and controlling and regulating system, mainly includes utilization to ensure pleural pressure safety
The electron pressure and flow indication and regulating system of the compositions such as flow pump, pressure sensor, electromagnetic switch valve and display system, and
It is used to intuitively show second with the mechanical display systems such as check valve, negative pressure instruction disk, such as negative pressure indicator light and negative pressure instruction disk
Cavity internal pressure situation.The device of the invention additionally provides convenient and fast negative pressure adjusting device, can be with the negative pressure of stepless regulator
Numerical value, realization automatically controls the pressure in described device, while additionally providing multiple emergency decompression mechanisms, comprehensive guarantee chest
The expansion and contraction pressure of chamber is all in safe range.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the panel side structural schematic diagram of electronic control and the thoracic duction instrument of display described in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the other side structural schematic diagram of electronic control and the thoracic duction instrument of display shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is that electronic control and the thoracic duction instrument of display shown in Fig. 1 remove structural schematic diagram after panel；
Fig. 4 is that electronic control and the thoracic duction instrument of display shown in Fig. 3 remove structural schematic diagram after central controller；
Fig. 5 is that each cavity for the thoracic duction instrument for being controlled electronically and showing in embodiment (closes dotted line frame and represents a chamber
Body) schematic layout pattern；
Fig. 6 is the general structure schematic diagram that negative pressure adjusts component in embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the assembling schematic diagram for the gasket that negative pressure adjusts component in embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the specific connection schematic diagram of porous connecting plate in embodiment；
Wherein, 1- main casing；2- panel；3- drainage tube interface；4- Negative pressure machine interface；5- negative pressure adjusts component；The 6- first in command；
7- second handle；8- support；9- battery pack；10- panel stomata；11- pressure relief opening；The urgent gas vent of 12-；13- flow pump；14-
Negative pressure indicates disk；15-LED display；16- central controller；17- check valve；18- hole connecting plate；19- negative pressure display lamp；
20- pressure sensor；21- electromagnetic switch valve；The first cavity of A-；The second cavity of B-；C- third cavity；51- slide plate；52- track；
53- connecting tube；54- gas passage；55- gasket.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not limited to this.
As shown in Fig. 1~8, it is a kind of electronic control and display thoracic duction instrument, mainly include main casing 1, panel 2,
Drainage tube interface 3, Negative pressure machine interface 4, urgent gas vent 12, flow pump 13, negative pressure instruction disk 14, light-emitting diode display 15, center control
Device 16, check valve 17, hole connecting plate 18, negative pressure display lamp 19, pressure sensor 20, electromagnetic switch valve 21 and multiple chambers processed
Body；
The main casing 1 is mainly used for installing each functional unit, and contains multiple cavities, mainly there is the first cavity A and
Two cavity B, these cavitys and each functional unit have cooperatively formed multiple function containers.The panel 2 is pacified with the cooperation of main casing 1
Dress, forms closed the multiple cavity, and the multiple cavity body structure includes the first cavity A, third cavity C and the second cavity B
(as shown in Figure 5), the drainage tube interface 3 are located at 1 side wall of main casing, and 3 one end of drainage tube interface is connected to the first cavity A, separately
One end is connected to by conduit with thoracic cavity or other body cavities, and the gas-liquid extracted from body cavity passes through drainage tube first
Interface 3 enters the first cavity A.
It is provided with the Negative pressure machine interface 4 at the top of second cavity B, and Negative pressure machine interface 4 is located at 1 side wall of main casing, negative pressure
4 one end of machine interface is connect with the second cavity B, and the other end is connect with Negative pressure machine, is generated in the second cavity B using Negative pressure machine pumping
Negative pressure；Second cavity B is connected to third cavity C by check valve 17, for preventing gas from entering third cavity from the second cavity B
C；I.e. when the first cavity A is in negative pressure, the closing of check valve 17 prevents gas from entering third cavity C from the second cavity B；When first
When cavity A is in positive pressure, check valve is opened so that gas enters the second cavity B, realization exhaust, it is ensured that thoracic cavity from third cavity C
Safety.
First cavity A is connected to third cavity C by flow pump 13, and flow pump 13 is electrically connected with central controller 16, is surveyed
Shown on light-emitting diode display 15 after amount flow by central controller 16, i.e., when the gas of the first cavity A by flow pump 13 into
When entering the second cavity B, flow pump records flow value, which is transmitted to central controller 16, central controller is further located
The flow number is shown by light-emitting diode display 15 after reason.
To keep the apparatus structure compact, in the bottom of third cavity C, setting hole connecting plate 18(is as in Figure 3-5), institute
Stating hole connecting plate 18 includes the first hole A and the first hole B(as shown in Figure 8), the first hole A and the first hole B and third cavity C and the
Two cavity B connection；Wherein pressure sensor 20 connects the first hole A by pipeline, can measure the pressure of the second cavity B, and by
Negative pressure display lamp 19 shows the pressure state of cavity B；Electromagnetic switch valve 21 connects the first hole B, and electromagnetic switch valve by pipeline
21 outlet is connected to by pipeline with urgent exhaust outlet 12, and collective effect carries out emergency decompression to cavity B；The urgent gas vent
12 are arranged in the back (as shown in Figure 2) of main casing 1, the pressure sensor 20, flow pump 13, negative pressure display lamp 19 and electromagnetism
Switch valve 21 is electrically connected with central controller 16.
It is as shown in Figure 3 that the induction numerical value of above-mentioned pressure sensor 20 by circuit is transmitted to central controller 16(), work as pressure
When power is negative pressure, negative pressure display lamp 19 is lighted, when pressure on the number is greater than 60mmHg, electromagnetic switch valve 21 is opened, by the second chamber
Pressure in body B is by urgent 12 pressure release of exhaust outlet.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, panel can be constituted by two layers, and internal layer is crust layer, and outer layer is
Soft layer (such as soft paper), the outer layer of panel 2 are provided with panel stomata 10 at the position positioned at the first cavity B, panel stomata 10 by
Multiple through-holes constitute (as shown in Figure 1)；The position of corresponding panel stomata 10 is embedded with negative pressure instruction disk simultaneously on the internal layer of panel 2
14(is as shown in Figure 3-4).The negative pressure instruction disk 14 is made of silica gel piece, and silica gel piece separates the first cavity B with atmosphere；When
Negative pressure instruction disk is recessed when one cavity B is negative pressure, and convex when positive pressure, so as to intuitively show the first cavity B
Barometric information.
Described device further includes that negative pressure adjusts component 5, and the negative pressure adjusts component 5 and is connected to the second cavity B, for adjusting
The negative pressure numerical value of second cavity B.The negative pressure adjusts component 5 by slide plate 51, track 52, connecting tube 53, gas passage 54 and close
Packing 55 forms (as shown in fig. 6-7)；Track 52 is provided with the gas passage 54 of variable cross-section product, gas passage 54 and connecting tube
The connection of 53 one end, the other end of connecting tube 53 are connected to cavity B；Gasket 55 is pushed and is slided between slide plate 51 and track 52
Plate 51 pushes the cooperation position of gasket 51 Yu gas passage 54 simultaneously, so that the entrance cross-sectional area of gas is in some accordingly
Numerical value, so that drainage device generates corresponding negative pressure under the action of Negative pressure machine.
Further, the top position of the first cavity A is located at the back side of main casing 1, is provided with pressure relief opening 11(such as Fig. 2
It is shown), the pressure relief opening 11 is sealed with silica gel ring, when needing emergency decompression, manually presses pressure relief opening valve, it is ensured that the heart
Thoracic cavity body safety.
Further, the top of main casing 1 is provided with the first in command 6, side is provided with second handle 7, in bottom
It is as shown in Figs. 1-2 to be provided with support 8().It is provided with battery pack 9 at the back of main casing 1, for being central controller 16, flow
The power supply of the electronic components such as pump 13, pressure sensor 20, electromagnetic switch valve 21, light-emitting diode display 15, negative pressure display lamp 19.
According to the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula is changed and is modified.Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, to of the invention
Some modifications and changes should also be as falling into the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display, mainly includes main casing (1), panel (2), drainage tube interface
(3), Negative pressure machine interface (4), urgent gas vent (12), flow pump (13), light-emitting diode display (15), central controller (16), unidirectional
Valve (17), hole connecting plate (18), negative pressure display lamp (19), pressure sensor (20), electromagnetic switch valve (21) and multiple cavities,
It is characterized by:
The panel (2) is coupled with main casing (1), forms closed multi-cavity structure, and the multi-cavity structure includes the
One cavity A, third cavity C and the second cavity B, the drainage tube interface (3) are located at main casing (1) side wall, drainage tube interface (3)
One end is connected to the first cavity A(22), and the other end is connected to by conduit with thoracic cavity or other body cavities, the top the second cavity B
Portion is provided with the Negative pressure machine interface (4), and Negative pressure machine interface (4) is located at main casing (1) side wall, Negative pressure machine interface (4) one end
It is connect with the second cavity B, the other end is connect with Negative pressure machine, generates negative pressure in the second cavity B using Negative pressure machine pumping；Second chamber
Body B is connected to third cavity C by check valve (17), for preventing gas from entering third cavity C from the second cavity B；
First cavity A is connected to third cavity C by flow pump (13), and flow pump (13) is electrically connected with central controller (16),
It is shown on light-emitting diode display (15) after measuring flow by central controller (16)；
Hole connecting plate (18) are arranged in the bottom of third cavity C, and hole connecting plate (18) includes the first hole A and the second hole B；First
Hole A and the second hole B are connected to third cavity C and the second cavity B；Wherein pressure sensor (20) connects the first hole A by pipeline,
The pressure of the second cavity B is measured, and shows the pressure state of cavity B by negative pressure display lamp (19)；Electromagnetic switch valve (21) passes through
Pipeline connects the second hole B, and for carrying out emergency decompression to cavity B, and electromagnetic switch valve (21) passes through pipeline and urgent exhaust outlet
(12) it is connected to；The urgent gas vent (12) setting in the side or back of main casing (1), the pressure sensor (20),
Flow pump (13), negative pressure display lamp (19) and electromagnetic switch valve (21) are electrically connected with central controller (16).
2. thoracic duction instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described device further includes that negative pressure adjusts component
(5), the negative pressure adjusts component (5) by slide plate (51), track (52), connecting tube (53), gas passage (54) and gasket
(55) it forms；Track (52) is provided with the gas passage (54) of variable cross-section product, gas passage (54) and connecting tube (53) one end
Connection, the other end of connecting tube (53) are connected to cavity B；Gasket (55) is located between slide plate (51) and track (52), pushes
Slide plate (51) pushes the cooperation position of gasket (51) Yu gas passage (54) simultaneously, so that the entrance cross-sectional area of gas is in
Respective value, so that the drainage device generates corresponding negative pressure under the action of Negative pressure machine.
3. thoracic duction instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pressure sensor (20) is by the second cavity
The pressure value of B is transmitted to central controller (16), when pressure is negative pressure, negative pressure display lamp (19) is lighted, when pressure on the number is big
When 60mmHg, open electromagnetic switch valve (21), by the pressure in the second cavity B by urgent exhaust outlet (12) pressure release.
4. the thoracic duction instrument of a kind of electronic control and display according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in panel
(2) position of corresponding first cavity B is provided with panel stomata (10) on, and panel stomata (10) is made of multiple through-holes；In panel
(2) position of corresponding panel stomata (10) is configured with negative pressure instruction disk (14) simultaneously on, and negative pressure instruction disk (14) is by silica gel
Piece composition, silica gel piece separate the second cavity B with atmosphere；Negative pressure instruction disk is recessed when the second cavity B is negative pressure, and just
It is convex when pressure, so as to intuitively show the barometric information of the second cavity B.
5. the thoracic duction instrument of a kind of electronic control and display according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in main casing
(1) the back side is located at the top position of the first cavity A, is arranged pressure relief opening (11), and the pressure relief opening (11) is sealed with silica gel ring.
6. the thoracic duction instrument of a kind of electronic control and display according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in main casing
(1) first in command (6) are arranged in top, and second handle (7) are arranged in the side of main casing (1), set in the bottom of main casing (1)
Set support (8)；Battery pack (9) are provided at the back of main casing (1), for being central controller (16), flow pump (13), pressing
Force snesor (20), electromagnetic switch valve (21), light-emitting diode display (15), negative pressure display lamp (19) power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811647351.6A CN109621030A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811647351.6A CN109621030A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109621030A true CN109621030A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Family
ID=66054880
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811647351.6A Pending CN109621030A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of thoracic duction instrument of electronic control and display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109621030A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112972792A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-18 | 西南医科大学 | Paediatrics negative pressure intelligent control gastric lavage device |
| CN113117163A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-16 | 宁波新跃医疗科技股份有限公司 | Thoracic drainage device |
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| CN108096644A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-01 | 东莞康智医疗器械有限公司 | Disposable dry envelope valve type thoracic duction instrument |
| CN208017838U (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-10-30 | 唐博 | Medical bile negative pressure drainage tank |
| CN210355465U (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-04-21 | 东莞康智医疗器械有限公司 | Electronic control and display thoracic drainage device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102274573A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-12-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Microprocessor core-based dual negative pressure regulation type wound negative pressure therapy device |
| CN107670132A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-09 | 绵阳和润电子仪器有限责任公司 | Automatic arena washer and application process with negative pressure decompression protection function |
| CN108096644A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-01 | 东莞康智医疗器械有限公司 | Disposable dry envelope valve type thoracic duction instrument |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113117163A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-07-16 | 宁波新跃医疗科技股份有限公司 | Thoracic drainage device |
| CN112972792A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-18 | 西南医科大学 | Paediatrics negative pressure intelligent control gastric lavage device |
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