CN109617396B - Circuit structure and method for realizing long service life of electromagnetic forming system based on dual power supplies - Google Patents
Circuit structure and method for realizing long service life of electromagnetic forming system based on dual power supplies Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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Abstract
The circuit structure and the method for realizing the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system based on the double power supplies comprise a driving coil and a discharge switch; a capacitive power source for providing energy to the drive coil; the rectifier diode and the charging switch are used for charging the capacitor power supply; a thyristor switch for switching the capacitive power supply; a current detection element for detecting a current of the driving coil; the capacitance power supply comprises a positive capacitance power supply and a negative capacitance power supply; the charging switch comprises a first charging switch and a second charging switch; the rectifier diode comprises a first rectifier diode and a second rectifier diode; the thyristor switch comprises a first thyristor switch and a second thyristor switch. The invention mainly adopts the double power supplies to eliminate the back pressure of the capacitance power supply, reduce the Joule heat dissipated on the driving coil and recover most energy as the energy required by the next electromagnetic forming, thereby realizing the long-life electromagnetic forming system and improving the efficiency of the electromagnetic forming system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal forming manufacturing, in particular to a circuit structure and a method for realizing long service life of an electromagnetic forming system based on a dual power supply, which are mainly used for prolonging the discharge life of the electromagnetic forming system.
Background
The light weight is an important technical means for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like. The main way of realizing the lightweight is to adopt light alloy materials, and high-performance aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and magnesium alloy become the first choice materials for realizing the lightweight in modern aerospace, automobile industry and the like; electromagnetic forming is a high-speed pulse forming technology, can greatly improve the forming performance of metal materials, and is one of effective means for solving the forming difficulty of light alloys.
In electromagnetic forming, a capacitive power supply discharges to a driving coil to generate strong pulse current in the driving coil and generate induced eddy current in a metal workpiece; the mutual electromagnetic force between the exciting current and the induced current drives the metal workpiece to accelerate and generate plastic deformation. It is clear that capacitive power supply and drive coils are the most important components of electromagnetic forming. In the existing electromagnetic forming technology, a capacitor power supply is used as a power supply to supply power to a driving coil, generally, a discharge current is an attenuated sine wave, and a voltage on the capacitor power supply is also an attenuated cosine wave. This form of discharge will cause the following problems: the reverse voltage of the capacitor power supply reaches over 80 percent, so that the service life of the capacitor power supply is greatly shortened; the driving coil absorbs most of joule heat of the electric energy conversion driving coil, so that the temperature rise of the driving coil is serious, and the service life of the capacitor power supply is greatly shortened; at the same time, the overall electromagnetic forming system is inefficient because most of the energy is dissipated by the drive coil in the form of joule heat. As disclosed in "an electromagnetic forming apparatus and method (CN 103817197B)", there is disclosed an electromagnetic forming apparatus and method, in which a driving coil drives a forming coil to move with the deformation of a workpiece, so that the forming coil is always close to the workpiece, and a continuous electromagnetic force distributed with the shape is provided for the electromagnetic forming of the workpiece, thereby effectively increasing the forming depth of the workpiece and improving the die-attaching property of the workpiece. However, in the invention, the pulse current provided by the pulse power supply is a decaying sine wave, so that the service life of the pulse power supply is not long, and the service lives of the driving coil and the forming coil are also caused by serious joule heat. The article "Analysis and reduction of Materials processing technology 225 (2015) 185-194" proposes a novel circuit to reduce the temperature rise of the driving coil, which transfers part of joule heat to the freewheeling resistor by connecting the freewheeling circuit in series with the freewheeling resistor, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the temperature rise of the coil and prolonging the service life of the driving coil. However, in this method, although the freewheeling circuit can reduce the back voltage of the capacitor power supply, it cannot be completely avoided, and the lifetime of the capacitor power supply is still affected; at the same time, energy is dissipated in the form of joule heat on the freewheeling resistor, resulting in a not high electromagnetic forming efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a circuit structure and a method for realizing long service life of an electromagnetic forming system based on double power supplies, which mainly adopt the double power supplies to eliminate the back pressure of a capacitance power supply, reduce the Joule heat dissipated on a driving coil and recycle most energy as the energy required by the next electromagnetic forming, thereby realizing the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system and improving the efficiency of the electromagnetic forming system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
realize the long-life circuit structure of electromagnetic forming system based on dual supply, including drive coil, discharge switch, this circuit structure still includes:
a capacitive power source for providing energy to the drive coil;
the rectifier diode and the charging switch are used for charging the capacitor power supply;
a thyristor switch for switching the capacitive power supply;
a current detection element for detecting a current of the driving coil;
the capacitance power supply comprises a positive capacitance power supply and a negative capacitance power supply;
the charging switch comprises a first charging switch and a second charging switch;
the rectifier diode comprises a first rectifier diode and a second rectifier diode;
the thyristor switch comprises a first thyristor switch and a second thyristor switch;
one side of a first alternating current power supply is connected with one end of a first charging switch, the other end of the first charging switch is connected with one end of a first rectifying diode, the other end of the first rectifying diode is connected with one end of a first thyristor switch, the other end of the first thyristor switch is connected with one end of a forward capacitor power supply, and the other end of the forward capacitor power supply is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode is connected with one end of a discharge switch, the other end of the discharge switch is connected with one end of a driving coil, the other end of the driving coil is connected with one end of a current detection element, and the other end of the current detection element is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode is connected with one end of a negative capacitance power supply, the other end of the negative capacitance power supply is connected with one end of a second thyristor switch, and the other end of the second thyristor switch is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode is connected with one side of a second alternating current power supply, the other side of the second alternating current power supply is connected with the other end of a second charging switch, one end of the second charging switch is connected with the other end of the second rectifying diode, and one end of the second rectifying diode is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply.
The method for realizing the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system based on the double power supplies comprises the following steps:
s1: disconnecting the discharge switch, the second thyristor switch and the second charging switch, closing the first thyristor switch, closing the first charging switch, and charging the forward capacitor power supply by adopting a first rectifier diode;
s2: when the voltage value of the forward capacitor power supply is U0, the first charging switch is switched off to finish charging the forward capacitor power supply; closing a discharge switch, discharging the drive coil by a forward capacitive power supply to generate pulse current, and measuring the pulse current in the drive coil by adopting a current detection element;
s3: when the pulse current reaches a first current peak value and di/dt =0, closing the second thyristor switch and then opening the first thyristor switch, wherein the driving coil supplies energy to the negative capacitor power supply;
s4: continuously measuring the pulse current, and disconnecting the discharge switch when the pulse current reaches the end of the first half-wave and i =0 to finish the first forward discharge process;
s5: closing the second charging switch, and charging the negative capacitance power supply by adopting a second rectifier diode;
s6: when the voltage value of the negative capacitance power supply is-U0, the second charging switch is disconnected to finish charging the negative capacitance power supply;
s7: closing a discharge switch, discharging the drive coil by a negative capacitance power supply to generate pulse current, and measuring the pulse current in the drive coil by adopting a current detection element;
s8: when the pulse current reaches a first current peak, di/dt =0, closing the first thyristor switch and subsequently opening the second thyristor switch, at which time the drive coil energizes the forward capacitive power supply;
s9: continuously measuring the pulse current, and disconnecting the discharge switch when the pulse current reaches the end of the first half-wave and i =0 to finish the first negative-going discharge process;
the positive and negative discharging processes are repeated to realize the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system.
The time delay between closing the second thyristor switch and opening the first thyristor switch is less than or equal to 100 microseconds. Too much time delay affects the effect of the device, and too little time delay increases the cost of the device. 100 microseconds is easier to realize for the current technology, and the effect of the device is not influenced too much.
The time delay between closing the first thyristor switch and opening the second thyristor switch is less than or equal to 100 microseconds. Too much time delay affects the effect of the device, and too little time delay increases the cost of the device. 100 microseconds is easier to realize for the current technology, and the effect of the device is not influenced too much.
The invention discloses a circuit structure and a method for realizing long service life of an electromagnetic forming system based on dual power supplies, and the circuit structure and the method have the advantages that:
1. the voltage value of the positive capacitor power supply is always positive, the voltage value of the negative capacitor power supply is always negative, and no back pressure exists in the two groups of capacitor power supplies, so that the service life of the capacitor power supply of the electromagnetic forming system is greatly prolonged;
2. the driving coil only has half-cycle pulse current in single electromagnetic forming, thus greatly reducing the Joule heat dissipated on the driving coil, prolonging the service life of the driving coil and improving the efficiency of an electromagnetic forming system.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure for realizing long service life of an electromagnetic forming system based on dual power supplies.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the voltages (Up, Un) of the capacitive power supply and the current (I) of the driving coil.
1. A capacitive power supply; 11. a forward capacitive power supply; 12. a negative capacitive power supply; 2. a thyristor switch; 21. a first thyristor switch; 22. a second thyristor switch; 3. a rectifier diode; 31. a first rectifying diode; 32. a second rectifying diode; 4. a charging switch; 41. a first charging switch; 42. a second charge switch; 5. a discharge switch; 6. a drive coil; 7. a current measuring element.
Detailed Description
Realize the long-lived circuit structure of electromagnetic forming system based on dual supply, including drive coil 6, discharge switch 5, this circuit structure still includes:
a capacitive power supply 1 for supplying power to the drive coil 6;
a rectifier diode 3 for charging the capacitor power supply 1, a charging switch 4;
a thyristor switch 2 for switching the capacitive power supply 1;
a current detection element 7 for detecting a current of the driving coil 6; the current detection element 7 employs a pearson current probe.
The capacitance power supply 1 comprises a positive capacitance power supply 11 and a negative capacitance power supply 12;
the positive capacitance power supply 11 and the negative capacitance power supply 12 adopt metallized film capacitors, the capacitance value is 10-10000 muF, and the capacitance voltage is 1-50 kV.
The charging switch 4 comprises a first charging switch 41 and a second charging switch 42;
the rectifier diode 3 comprises a first rectifier diode 31 and a second rectifier diode 32;
the thyristor switch 2 comprises a first thyristor switch 21 and a second thyristor switch 22.
One side of a first alternating current power supply is connected with one end of a first charging switch 41, the other end of the first charging switch 41 is connected with one end of a first rectifying diode 31, the other end of the first rectifying diode 31 is connected with one end of a first thyristor switch 21, the other end of the first thyristor switch 21 is connected with one end of a forward capacitor power supply 11, and the other end of the forward capacitor power supply 11 is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode 31 is connected with one end of a discharge switch 5, the other end of the discharge switch 5 is connected with one end of a driving coil 6, the other end of the driving coil 6 is connected with one end of a current detection element 7, and the other end of the current detection element 7 is connected with the other side of a first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode 31 is connected with one end of a negative capacitance power supply 12, the other end of the negative capacitance power supply 12 is connected with one end of a second thyristor switch 22, and the other end of the second thyristor switch 22 is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode 31 is connected with one side of the second alternating current power supply, the other side of the second alternating current power supply is connected with the other end of the second charging switch 42, one end of the second charging switch 42 is connected with the other end of the second rectifying diode 32, and one end of the second rectifying diode 32 is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply.
The parameters of the first alternating current power supply and the second alternating current power supply are as follows: 380V and 50 Hz.
Example (b):
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure for realizing long service life of an electromagnetic forming system based on dual power supplies.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the voltages (Up, Un) of the capacitive power supply and the current (I) of the driving coil, where Up is the positive capacitive power supply voltage and Un is the negative capacitive power supply voltage.
An electromagnetic forming system was set up as described in figure 1. The driving coil, the discharge switch and the current detection element are connected in series; the forward capacitor power supply is connected with the first thyristor switch in series; the negative capacitance power supply is connected in series with the second thyristor switch; and then the three are connected in parallel. A first charging switch and a first rectifying diode are adopted to charge a forward capacitor power supply; and a second charging switch and a second rectifying diode are adopted to charge the negative capacitance power supply. In the initial state, the discharge switch, the first thyristor switch, the second thyristor switch, the first charge switch and the second charge switch are switched off; at the time 0, closing the first thyristor switch, closing the first charging switch, and charging the forward capacitor power supply by adopting a first rectifying diode; at the time of T1, the voltage value of the forward capacitor power supply is charged to a set value U0, and the first charging switch is switched off to finish charging the forward capacitor power supply; at the time of T2, a discharge switch is closed, a forward capacitance power supply discharges to a driving coil to generate pulse current, and a current detection element is adopted to measure the pulse current in the driving coil; at time T3, detecting that the pulse current reaches a first current peak (di/dt = 0), closing the second thyristor switch, and subsequently opening the first thyristor switch, at which time the drive coil energizes the negative-going capacitive power supply; at the time of T4, detecting that the pulse current reaches the end of the first half-wave (i = 0), turning off a discharge switch to finish the first positive discharge process, wherein the voltage value of the negative capacitance power supply is-U1; at the time of T5, the second charging switch is closed, and a negative capacitance power supply is charged by adopting a second rectifier diode; at the time of T6, the voltage value of the negative capacitance power supply is charged to a set value-U0, and the second charging switch is switched off to finish charging the negative capacitance power supply; at the time of T7, closing a discharge switch, discharging the drive coil by a negative capacitance power supply to generate pulse current, and measuring the pulse current in the drive coil by adopting a current detection element; at time T8, when a pulse current is detected to reach a first current peak (di/dt = 0), closing the first thyristor switch and subsequently opening the second thyristor switch, the drive coil energizing the forward capacitive power supply; at the time of T9, when it is detected that the pulse current reaches the end of the first half-wave (i = 0), the discharge switch is turned off to complete the first negative-going discharge process, and the voltage value of the positive capacitor power supply is U1 at this time; the positive and negative discharging processes are repeated to realize the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system. Obviously, the voltage value of positive capacitance power is positive all the time, and the voltage value of negative capacitance power is negative all the time, and there is not the back pressure in two sets of capacitance power, can improve capacitance power's life, and simultaneously, in the electromagnetic forming process each time, the pulse current of drive coil is only half wave pulse, can effectively reduce the temperature rise of drive coil, provides the life of drive coil. Thereby achieving a long life of the electromagnetic forming system.
Claims (3)
1. The method for realizing the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system based on the double power supplies is characterized by comprising a circuit structure, wherein the circuit structure comprises a driving coil (6) and a discharge switch (5), and the circuit structure further comprises:
a capacitive power supply (1) for supplying energy to the drive coil (6);
the rectifier diode (3) is used for charging the capacitor power supply (1), and the charging switch (4) is used for charging the capacitor power supply;
a thyristor switch (2) for switching the capacitive power supply (1);
a current detection element (7) for detecting a current of the drive coil (6);
the capacitance power supply (1) comprises a positive capacitance power supply (11) and a negative capacitance power supply (12);
the charging switch (4) comprises a first charging switch (41) and a second charging switch (42);
the rectifier diode (3) comprises a first rectifier diode (31) and a second rectifier diode (32);
the thyristor switch (2) comprises a first thyristor switch (21) and a second thyristor switch (22);
one side of a first alternating current power supply is connected with one end of a first charging switch (41), the other end of the first charging switch (41) is connected with one end of a first rectifying diode (31), the other end of the first rectifying diode (31) is connected with one end of a first thyristor switch (21), the other end of the first thyristor switch (21) is connected with one end of a forward capacitor power supply (11), and the other end of the forward capacitor power supply (11) is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode (31) is connected with one end of a discharge switch (5), the other end of the discharge switch (5) is connected with one end of a driving coil (6), the other end of the driving coil (6) is connected with one end of a current detection element (7), and the other end of the current detection element (7) is connected with the other side of a first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifier diode (31) is connected with one end of a negative capacitance power supply (12), the other end of the negative capacitance power supply (12) is connected with one end of a second thyristor switch (22), and the other end of the second thyristor switch (22) is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
the other end of the first rectifying diode (31) is connected with one side of a second alternating current power supply, the other side of the second alternating current power supply is connected with the other end of a second charging switch (42), one end of the second charging switch (42) is connected with the other end of a second rectifying diode (32), and one end of the second rectifying diode (32) is connected with the other side of the first alternating current power supply;
a method of achieving long life in an electromagnetic forming system, comprising the steps of:
s1: disconnecting the discharge switch, the second thyristor switch and the second charging switch, closing the first thyristor switch, closing the first charging switch, and charging the forward capacitor power supply by adopting a first rectifier diode;
s2: when the voltage value of the forward capacitor power supply is U0, the first charging switch is switched off to finish charging the forward capacitor power supply; closing a discharge switch, discharging the drive coil by a forward capacitive power supply to generate pulse current, and measuring the pulse current in the drive coil by adopting a current detection element;
s3: when the pulse current reaches a first current peak value and di/dt =0, closing the second thyristor switch and then opening the first thyristor switch, wherein the driving coil supplies energy to the negative capacitor power supply;
s4: continuously measuring the pulse current, and disconnecting the discharge switch when the pulse current reaches the end of the first half-wave and i =0 to finish the first forward discharge process;
s5: closing the second charging switch, and charging the negative capacitance power supply by adopting a second rectifier diode;
s6: when the voltage value of the negative capacitance power supply is-U0, the second charging switch is disconnected to finish charging the negative capacitance power supply;
s7: closing a discharge switch, discharging the drive coil by a negative capacitance power supply to generate pulse current, and measuring the pulse current in the drive coil by adopting a current detection element;
s8: when the pulse current reaches a first current peak, di/dt =0, closing the first thyristor switch and subsequently opening the second thyristor switch, at which time the drive coil energizes the forward capacitive power supply;
s9: continuously measuring the pulse current, and disconnecting the discharge switch when the pulse current reaches the end of the first half-wave and i =0 to finish the first negative-going discharge process;
the positive and negative discharging processes are repeated to realize the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system.
2. The method for realizing the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system based on the double power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that: the time delay between closing the second thyristor switch and opening the first thyristor switch is less than or equal to 100 microseconds.
3. The method for realizing the long service life of the electromagnetic forming system based on the double power supplies according to claim 1, characterized in that: the time delay between closing the first thyristor switch and opening the second thyristor switch is less than or equal to 100 microseconds.
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Application publication date: 20190412 Assignee: Hubei Feiou Commercial Management Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980045280 Denomination of invention: Circuit Structure and Method for Long Life Electromagnetic Forming System Based on Dual Power Supplies Granted publication date: 20200804 License type: Common License Record date: 20231102 |