CN109614575B - Measuring and calculating self-emission CO of asphalt mixture in construction site 2 Is calculated by the method of (a) - Google Patents
Measuring and calculating self-emission CO of asphalt mixture in construction site 2 Is calculated by the method of (a) Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 97
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and calculating CO discharged by asphalt mixture in a construction site 2 The method relates to a paving and rolling link of a construction site, and comprises the following steps: the selected paving and rolling links quantize the emission of CO by the asphalt mixture 2 Calculating parameters required by the gas; on-site acquisition and calculation of CO discharged by asphalt mixture 2 Specific data required; establishing a paving and rolling link, and discharging CO per ton of asphalt mixture 2 Is calculated model and asphalt mixture discharges CO 2 A calculation model of the total amount; substituting the data parameters into the calculation model to obtain the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture 2 Is a combination of the amounts of (a) and (b). The calculation method established by the invention has the characteristics of high universality, simplicity, convenience and practicability, and under the age background of low carbon emission reduction, the method realizes the self emission of CO to the asphalt mixture of a specific project at a construction site 2 The quantitative calculation of the asphalt pavement is of great significance to the development of low-carbon emission reduction countermeasure research and the construction of green and environment-friendly asphalt pavement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and emission reduction in road engineering construction, and particularly relates to a method for measuring and calculating CO discharged by asphalt mixture on a construction site 2 Is a calculation method of (a).
Background
Since the industrial revolution, in CO 2 The global warming problem is continuously aggravated by the large emission of major greenhouse gases, and phenomena such as two-pole glacier melting, extreme weather frequent occurrence and the like caused by the global warming problem are seriously threatened to the sustainable development of human society; the gas with the most significant influence on the greenhouse effect and the largest proportion among various greenhouse gases, which is greatly influenced by human factors, is CO 2 Therefore, in the research of the related theory and technical field of low carbon emission reduction, the CO is researched and controlled 2 Is a problem that is currently in urgent need to be solved.
In recent years, along with the construction of large-scale road traffic infrastructures, the production and life of people are convenient and fast, and the carbon emission problem is not neglected, and according to the statistics data of the inter-government climate change specialized committee in 1970-2004, the greenhouse gas emission of the road traffic industry accounts for about 13% of the global greenhouse gas emission, and is expected to reach 11.08 hundred million tons in 2030. Asphalt pavement is taken as an important component of road traffic in China, and is a main pavement form due to the advantages of travelling comfort, convenience in maintenance, good vision and the like, and the asphalt pavement accounts for about 80% of the high-grade pavement in China according to statistics, and meanwhile, the large-scale asphalt pavement construction, especially the wide use of hot-mix asphalt mixture, also brings serious carbon emission problems.
The asphalt mixture needs higher temperature in the construction process, consumes a large amount of energy and simultaneously emits corresponding CO 2 The gas and the asphalt mixture itself can discharge a large amount of asphalt smoke under high temperature environment, and the asphalt smoke is detected by using a ZR-3200 smoke comprehensive analyzer to contain CO with higher concentration 2 And (3) gas. At present, the asphalt mixture at home and abroad discharges CO 2 The quantitative research of gas is less, and the existing calculation method is mainly aimed at asphalt mixtureCO emission caused by energy consumption of mechanical equipment in production and construction process 2 Quantitative research on the isothermal gas ignores that asphalt mixture can emit a large amount of CO under high-temperature environment 2 The prior researches on the gas are not carried out for discharging CO by the asphalt mixture on the construction site 2 The simple and accurate calculation method of the gas can not reflect the carbon emission level of the current asphalt mixture, and is not beneficial to purposefully developing the research of low-carbon emission reduction countermeasures of asphalt pavement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring and calculating CO discharged by asphalt mixture per se in a construction site 2 The calculation method of (2) simply, conveniently and accurately calculates the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the process of paving and rolling on the construction site 2 Is used in the amount of (a),
in order to solve the technical problems, the invention respectively establishes that the asphalt mixture discharges CO in the paving and rolling process 2 On the basis of which a calculation model for measuring and calculating the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the construction site is established 2 Calculation model of total amount, give CO 2 A specific detection method and a calculation step of gas. Because of a certain difference in the amounts of asphalt mixtures used in the paving and rolling processes in different projects, in order to facilitate the unification of quantification units and the simplicity and universality of the established calculation method, CO generated in the construction process by each ton of asphalt mixture is used in research 2 The amount of the asphalt mixture in the project can be obtained according to the consumption of the asphalt mixture in the specific project by calculating the amount of the asphalt mixture in the project, and the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the project under the high-temperature environment 2 The specific technical scheme adopted is as follows:
measuring and calculating self-emission CO of asphalt mixture in construction site 2 Comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the CO discharged by asphalt mixture in the paving and rolling process of a construction site 2 Required calculation parameters
Combined with the paving and rolling process of the current asphalt mixture, the asphalt mixture in each process discharges CO 2 Is characterized by respectively selecting corresponding metersAnd calculating parameters.
(1) Calculation parameters required for selected paving links
In the paving link, selecting a paving site asphalt mixture to discharge CO 2 Volume concentration of gas and CO in site atmosphere 2 Volume concentration of (C) in paving link 2 Calculated time of (C) and CO of paving link 2 Volatilization speed of gas and CO in paving link 2 The calculated area of the gas, the paving quality of the asphalt mixture, the atmospheric temperature and the pressure are used as calculation parameters;
(2) selecting calculation parameters required by rolling links
In the rolling step, research and selection of on-site detected CO 2 Volume concentration, CO in site atmosphere 2 Volume concentration of (C) in rolling step 2 Calculating time and rolling link CO of (2) 2 CO in the process of volatilizing and rolling gas 2 The calculated area of the gas, the atmospheric temperature, the atmospheric pressure and the mass of the asphalt mixture in the rolling step are used as calculation parameters;
step two, on-site obtaining the CO discharged by asphalt mixture in the paving and rolling links 2 Calculation parameters of gas
CO in the atmosphere of a paving and rolling link of a construction site by adopting a ZR-3200 type smoke comprehensive analyzer with a gas collecting device 2 Gas volume concentration and CO discharged by asphalt mixture 2 Detecting the volume concentration of the gas; detecting the temperature of the asphalt mixture by using a Fulu infrared handheld thermometer; acquiring mileage, width, thickness and core drilling sampling density of a construction road section by checking project files and consultation project responsible persons; measuring the temperature and the air pressure of the site atmosphere by adopting a DYM3-03 digital temperature and air pressure meter; measuring the time from the beginning of the detection of the asphalt mixture to the display of the concentration value of the instrument and the path distance of the gas through the detection device respectively by a stopwatch and a tape measure to obtain the CO 2 The rate of volatilization of the gas.
Step three, establishing a construction site paving and rolling link, wherein each ton of asphalt mixture discharges CO per se 2 Is a computational model of (a)
(1) Establishing a paving link, and discharging each ton of asphalt mixtureCO 2 Gas calculation model
After the calculation parameters of the paving link are determined, the CO emission of each ton of asphalt mixture of the paving link is calculated according to the following formula 2 The amount of (3):
wherein E is CO2 (spreading) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se in paving link 2 The amount of gas (g/t); ρ m1 For spreading link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 )；a 1 Is the width (m) of the paver; b 1 Is the paving length (m); v 1 Is CO 2 The volatilization speed (m/s) of the gas; t is t 1 The gas detection time(s) is the paving link; 1000 is the unit of conversion of milligrams to grams; m is m 1 The mass (t) of the asphalt mixture is calculated for the paving link.
(2) Establishing a rolling link, wherein each ton of asphalt mixture discharges CO per se 2 Gas calculation model
After the calculation parameters of the rolling link are determined, the CO emission per ton of asphalt mixture of the rolling link is calculated according to the following formula 2 The amount of (3):
wherein E is CO2 (Rolling) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture in the rolling step 2 The amount of gas (g/t); ρ m2 For rolling link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 )；a 2 Sampling the cover width (m) for the gas collection device; b 2 Sampling the hood length (m) for the gas collection device; v 2 For rolling link CO 2 The volatilization speed (m/s) of the gas; t is t 2 Gas detection time(s) for rolling step; 1000 is the unit of conversion of milligrams to grams; m is m 2 And calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture in the rolling step.
Step four, building each ton of asphalt of the construction siteThe green mixture itself discharges CO 2 Calculation model of quantity
CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se in the paving and rolling links 2 After the calculation model of (2), the CO discharged by each ton of asphalt mixture in the construction site can be further obtained according to the following formula 2 Is a computational model of (a):
E CO2 (construction site) ＝E CO2 (spreading) +E CO2 (Rolling) (3)
Wherein E is CO2 (construction site) CO is discharged for each ton of asphalt mixture in construction site 2 The amount of gas (g/t); e (E) CO2 (spreading) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se in paving link 2 The amount of gas (g/t); e (E) CO2 (Rolling) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture in the rolling step 2 The amount of gas (g/t);
step five, establishing that the asphalt mixture in the specific project discharges CO by itself 2 Calculation model of total amount
CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se at definite construction sites 2 After the calculation model of (2), the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the specific project on the construction site can be obtained by combining the consumption of the asphalt mixture in the specific project 2 Total amount of CO 2 The total emissions were calculated as follows:
E CO2 (total) ＝E CO2 (construction site) ·G (asphalt mixture) (4)
Wherein E is CO2 (total) CO is discharged to the asphalt mixture in the concrete project of the construction site 2 Total amount of gas (g); e (E) CO2 (construction site) CO is discharged for each ton of mixture in construction site 2 The amount of gas (g/t); g (asphalt mixture) The asphalt mixture dosage (t) is the specific project.
Step six, substituting the carbon emission calculation parameters of the paving and rolling links of the construction site in the step one and the data obtained in the step two into calculation models (1) and (2) respectively to obtain the CO emission of each ton of asphalt mixture of the paving and rolling links respectively 2 The gas amount is then substituted into the calculation models (3) and (4) to obtain the construction siteCO is discharged by asphalt mixture in specific project 2 Total amount of gas.
Further, in the first step, the ZR-3200 type smoke comprehensive analyzer detects CO 2 The volume concentration of the gas and the discharge amount of the gas are calculated as mass concentration, and therefore, in the calculation of the carbon discharge amount, it is necessary to convert the volume concentration of the gas into mass concentration, and the conversion formula is shown as (5):
wherein ρ is m(CO2) CO is discharged for asphalt mixture 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 )；ρ v1 Is CO in asphalt mixture 2 The volume concentration (ppm) of the gas; ρ va Is CO in the atmosphere 2 Is a volume concentration (ppm); m is M CO2 Is CO 2 Relative molecular mass of gas (CO 2 The relative molecular mass of the gas is 44); t is t 0 Is the atmospheric temperature (DEG C); ba is the atmospheric pressure (Pa).
In the scheme, CO is carried out on the asphalt mixture in the paving link 2 When the volume concentration of the gas is detected, the asphalt mixture in the middle of the spiral distributor is relatively concentrated during spreading due to the uneven quality of the asphalt mixture along the width direction of the spreader, and CO discharged from two sides of the spreader 2 The volume concentration of the gas is lower than that of the middle part, therefore, 6 detection points are uniformly distributed from left to right along the width direction of the spiral distributor of the paver in the detection process, the positions of the detection points are respectively positioned at L/12, L/4,5L/12,7L/12,9L/12 and 11L/12 of the width direction of the paver, 15 sample sizes are respectively taken for each detection point, and the sample average value of each detection point is taken as the point CO 2 A calculated value of the gas volume concentration; then the CO of each detection point is calculated by a calculation model (5) 2 Converting the volume concentration of the gas into the mass concentration, then establishing the relation between the mass concentration of the gas and the positions of all points on the paver, and obtaining a paving link CO by fitting data of all detection points in the paving process 2 Gas mass concentration along paverThe width direction quantization model is represented by formula (6):
ρ m1 ＝A 1 L 2 +B 1 L+C 1 (6)
wherein ρ is m1 For spreading link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L is the position of a detection point on the paver; a is that 1 、B 1 、C 1 The coefficients of the fitting curve are related to the detection point positions and the detection sample fingers respectively.
Further, in the first step, the research on the scheme is that CO is generated by each ton of asphalt mixture in the construction process of the asphalt pavement 2 The gas discharge amount is used for obtaining the CO generated by the total asphalt mixture of specific projects 2 Amount of CO generated during paving of asphalt mixture per ton 2 Gas and considering detection of CO by ZR-3200 type smoke comprehensive analyzer 2 The frequency of the recorded data is 10s once, in the asphalt mixture paving link, the time length of each paver for paving for 1min is taken as the calculation time, the calculated mass of the asphalt mixture is measured by the advancing length of each paver per minute and the asphalt mixture along the width direction of the paver, and the calculation models are respectively shown in formulas (7) and (8):
b 1 ＝v a .t 1 (7)
m 1 ＝ρ.a 1 .b 1 .h (8)
wherein b is 1 Is the paving length (m); t is t 1 Calculating time(s) for paving the asphalt mixture; v a Paving speed (m/s) for a paver; m is m 1 Calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture along the width direction of the paver when the paver paves for 1 min; ρ is the core-drilling sampling density (t/m) of the asphalt mixture 3 )；a 1 A single spreading width (m); h is the thickness (m) of asphalt mixture paving.
Further, in the first described embodiment, CO is performed on the asphalt mixture in the rolling step 2 When the gas volume concentration is detected, as the rolling step is performed immediately after the paving, the rolling process involves initial pressure, re-pressure and final pressure of the asphalt mixture, and therefore,calculation time t of carbon emission in rolling step 2 To start from initial pressure to CO in asphalt mixture 2 The time when the gas emission concentration is consistent with the atmosphere and is no longer changed; in addition, the temperature and the volume concentration of discharged asphalt mixture in the rolling step are continuously reduced along with time, and a relation model of gas discharge concentration and detection time is required to be established in research: first, the detected CO 2 Substituting the gas volume concentration into the calculation model (5) to obtain CO 2 The mass concentration of the gas is then controlled by the rolling step CO 2 Fitting the data of the gas mass concentration and the detection time to obtain the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture per se in the link 2 The relation model of the mass concentration of the gas and the detection time is shown as a calculation model in the formula (9):
ρ m2 ＝A 2 t 2 +B 2 t+C 2 (9)
wherein ρ is m2 For rolling link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the t is the detection time(s); a is that 2 、B 2 、C 2 The coefficients of the fitting curve are related to the detection time and the index of the detection sample, respectively.
Further, in the first step, the research on the scheme is that CO is generated per ton of asphalt mixture in the construction process of the asphalt mixture 2 Gas discharge amount, therefore, for the convenience of studying CO generated in the rolling process of each ton of asphalt mixture 2 In the rolling step of the asphalt mixture, taking the asphalt mixture within the area of a sampling cover of a ZR-3200 smoke comprehensive analyzer as the calculated mass; the calculation quality of the rolling link asphalt mixture is determined by the length and width of the sampling cover, the thickness of the surface layer and the sampling density of the drill core, and the calculation model is shown in the formula (10):
m 2 ＝ρ.a 2 .b 2 .h (10)
wherein m is 2 Calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture in the sampling range of the sampling cover; ρ is the density of the core sample (t/m) 3 )；a 2 Sampling hood width (m); b 2 Length (m) of the sampling cover; h is the thickness (m) of the facing layer.
Further toIn the second step, the research process finds that CO 2 The volatilization speed of the gas has strong correlation with the temperature of the asphalt mixture, and the CO at different temperatures is detected 2 The relation model of the volatilization speed of the gas and the temperature of the asphalt mixture can be obtained by fitting the volatilization speed of the gas (see table 1) as shown in the formula (11):
TABLE 1 CO in asphalt mixtures 2 Relation between volatilization speed of gas and temperature of asphalt mixture
v＝-3×10 -6 T 2 +0.0021T+0.1337 (11)
Wherein v is CO 2 The volatilization speed (m/s) of the gas; t is the temperature (DEG C) of the asphalt mixture;
further, in the second step, due to the CO in the asphalt mixture 2 The volatilization speed of the gas is related to the temperature, and the temperature of the asphalt mixture in the rolling process is continuously reduced along with the detection time, so that a relation model of the temperature of the asphalt mixture in the rolling process and the detection time is required to be established to determine the CO in the asphalt mixture in the rolling link 2 The volatilization speed of the gas; fitting the data of the temperature and the detection time of the rolling link asphalt mixture to obtain a relation model of the temperature and the detection time of the rolling link asphalt mixture, wherein the result is shown in a formula (12):
T＝A 3 t 2 +B 3 t+C 3 t (12)
wherein T is the temperature (DEG C) of the asphalt mixture in the rolling step; t is the detection time(s); a is that 3 、B 3 、C 3 The coefficients of the fitting curves are respectively related to the temperature and the detection time of the asphalt mixture.
In the fifth step, the amount of the asphalt mixture used in the construction site of the specific project is determined by the thickness of the surface layer, the sampling density of the drill core, the length of pavement construction and the pavement width, and the calculation model is shown in the formula (13):
G (asphalt mixture) ＝ρ.a 3 .b 3 .h (13)
Wherein G is (asphalt mixture) The amount (t) of the asphalt mixture is the specific item; ρ is the density of the core sample (t/m) 3 )；a 3 Is the road width (m); b 3 The construction length (m) of the pavement; h is the thickness (m) of the facing layer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention aims at solving the problem that the method for measuring and calculating the self emission of CO of the asphalt mixture on the construction site is not available at present under the background of the current advocacy of constructing a low-carbon environment-friendly green road at home and abroad 2 A simple and scientific calculation method for gas is provided, which measures and calculates the CO discharged by asphalt mixture itself in paving and rolling links of a construction site 2 Is a calculation method of (a). The method can obtain the CO discharged by each ton of asphalt mixture per paving and rolling link by substituting the data of field investigation and detection into the calculation model provided in the scheme 2 The amount of gas, then combined with the total amount of asphalt mixture used in the particular project, to obtain the total CO discharged by the asphalt mixture itself at the construction site 2 And (3) gas.
Importantly, the invention contemplates the detection of atmospheric CO 2 Gas pair measurement and calculation of self-emission CO of asphalt mixture 2 Influence of gas, therefore, by subtracting the CO in the atmosphere from the gas concentration of the in-situ detected asphalt mixture during the calculation 2 The concentration of the gas is used for calculating the actual CO discharged by the asphalt mixture 2 A gas; in addition, the temperature change of the asphalt mixture in the construction process is considered to CO 2 The actual carbon emission condition of the asphalt mixture can be reflected by the calculation result due to the influence of the gas volatilization speed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a method for measuring and calculating CO discharged by asphalt mixture on construction site according to the invention 2 A flow chart of a gas calculation method.
Detailed Description
The following is carried out by self-discharging CO by the established asphalt mixture 2 Based on a gas calculation model, combined with specific investigation and detection data and tablesCO is discharged to the asphalt mixture itself at the construction site according to the calculation flow in fig. 1 2 For the purpose of describing the specific implementation of the present invention, the embodiment is described by taking the national duct 104 to reconstruct the upper surface layer of the build 1 as an example.
This example measures and calculates the CO emissions of the asphalt mixture itself at the construction site 2 Comprises the following steps:
step one: CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se in paving link 2 Calculation of gas
(1) Acquisition of calculation parameters of paving links
(1) On-site detection of CO in atmospheric and bituminous mixtures 2 Volume concentration of gas
The spreading site adopts a ZR-3200 type smoke comprehensive analyzer to detect CO in the local atmosphere 2 The volume concentration of the gas is measured by opening the instrument after the reading is stable 2 The volume concentration of the gas was 381.6ppm; CO discharged from asphalt mixture in paving link 2 When the gas is detected, 6 detection points are uniformly arranged in sequence from left to right along the width direction of the spiral distributor of the paver in the detection process, 15 sample sizes are detected at each detection point, and the average value of each detection point is used as the calculated value of the point.
The paving width of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard pavement is 12m, the Dana park F182CS paver is adopted on site to carry out double-machine combined paving, the single-machine paving width is 6m, 1 paver is selected for detection, and the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture is detected on site 2 The gas volume concentrations are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 spreading Medium CO in asphalt mixture 2 Gas volume concentration detection value
(2) Detecting paving temperature of asphalt mixture
The detecting instrument moves forward along with the paver in the paving process, the temperature detected by the asphalt mixture is a constant value, and the asphalt mixture in the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard paving process is detected by using the Fulu-ke infrared handheld thermometer, so that the paving temperature of the asphalt mixture is 165 ℃.
(3) Determination of atmospheric temperature and pressure
The temperature and the air pressure in the atmosphere are measured by a DYM3-03 digital temperature and air pressure meter on the paving site, and the temperature and the pressure in the local atmosphere are respectively 32 ℃ and 99840Pa by using an instrument.
(4) CO in asphalt mixture in paving link 2 Speed of volatilization of gas
The on-site detection temperature of the asphalt mixture in the paving link is 165 ℃, and the CO in the asphalt mixture in the paving link can be obtained by substituting the temperature into a relation model (11) of the gas volatilization speed and the temperature of the asphalt mixture 2 The volatilization speed of the gas: v 1 ＝-3×10 -6 T 2 +0.0021T+0.1337＝0.402m/s
(5) Determining the calculated quality and calculated time of asphalt mixture in paving link
The asphalt pavement is always paved at a constant speed in the paving process, the paving quality is uniform, the paving speed of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard site paver is 2m/min, the paving thickness of the upper layer is 0.04m, the single machine paving width is 6m, and the drill core sampling density is 2.42 (t/m 3 ) Substituting the calculation parameters into the calculation models (7) and (8) respectively, wherein the calculation mass of each paver for 1min is as follows: m is m 1 ＝ρ 1 .a 1 .b 1 .h 1 =2.42×6×2×0.04= 1.1616t, wherein b 1 ＝v a .t 1 ＝2m/min×1min＝2m。
(2) Asphalt mixture self-discharging CO in paving link 2 Calculation of gas
(1) CO emission of asphalt mixture 2 Calculation of gas mass concentration
On the basis of obtaining the calculated parameters, combining with the mass concentration conversion model (5) of the gas, the CO of the paving link of the upper surface layer of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard can be obtained firstly 2 The mass concentration of the gas is exemplified by the detection point 1 in Table 2 for the purpose of facilitating the understanding of the specific calculation processThe mass concentration calculation results of the other detection points are shown in table 3.
As can be seen from Table 2, CO at detection point 1 2 The gas volume concentration is 621ppm, combined with CO in the atmosphere known in the paving field 2 Gas volume concentration, atmospheric temperature and pressure, and CO 2 The relative molecular mass of the gas can be used for obtaining the CO of the detection point 1 of the paving link of the upper surface layer of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 2 The mass concentration of the gas is as follows:
the calculation method of other detection points in the paving link is consistent with the calculation method of the detection point 1, the volume concentration value and the calculation parameter of each detection point are respectively substituted into the mass concentration conversion model (5) of the gas, the mass concentration value of each other detection point can be obtained, and the calculation result is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 asphalt mixture detection points CO for paving 2 Mass concentration value of gas
Since the concentration of the mixture discharge gas during spreading is related to the position of the detection point on the spreading machine, it is first necessary to establish the CO 2 Relation between gas mass concentration and paver position, and combined paving link CO 2 The mass concentration of the gas along the width direction of the paver is calculated by a model (6) and the mass concentration of each detection point on the paver obtained in the table 3, so that the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture per se in the paving link can be obtained 2 The mass concentration of the gas and the position relation of the detection point are as follows:
ρ m1 ＝-10.951L 2 +64.818L+381.98；
(2) asphalt mixture self-discharging CO in paving link 2 Calculation of gas
CO for defining asphalt mixture paving link 2 Gas mass concentration calculation result, asphalt mixture calculation mass and CO 2 After the volatilization speed, calculation time, pavement width and paving length of the gas are calculated, substituting the calculation results into a calculation model (1) and calculating by means of Matlab software, the CO discharged by each ton of asphalt mixture per unit of paving link of the upper layer of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 can be obtained 2 Amount of gas:
step two: CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture in rolling step 2 Calculation of gas
(1) Obtaining calculation parameters of rolling link
(1) On-site detection of CO in atmospheric and bituminous mixtures 2 Volume concentration of gas
After the spreader is spread, detecting CO in the local atmosphere of the rolling link by adopting a ZR-3200 smoke comprehensive analyzer 2 The volume concentration of the gas was 381.6ppm; CO discharged in the rolling step of asphalt mixture 2 When the volume concentration of the gas is detected, the detection time is from the initial pressure to CO 2 Volume concentration of gas and CO in atmosphere 2 The detection time is longer until the gas concentration is consistent and no longer changes, during which the CO 2 The volume concentration of the gas is continuously reduced along with the detection time and the temperature reduction of the asphalt mixture, so that the CO is needed to be studied firstly 2 The volume concentration of the gas as a function of the time of compaction. CO discharged by asphalt mixture in rolling link of upper surface layer of national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard of field detection 2 The relationship between the gas volume concentration and the rolling time is shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Rolling procedure CO in asphalt mix 2 Variation value of gas volume concentration with detection time
(2) Calculation time of asphalt mixture in rolling step
Rolling step leaching of the 1 st standard upper surface layer is realized by reconstructing and expanding national road 104Emission of CO from green mixture 2 The volume concentration of the gas is detected, and the national road 104 rebuilds and expands CO discharged by the asphalt mixture of the 1 st upper surface layer 2 The time taken for the gas concentration from the start of compaction to near atmospheric concentration was 1820s, so the calculated time for the asphalt mixture for this project compaction step was 1820s.
(3) CO in rolling link asphalt mixture 2 Speed of volatilization of gas
CO in asphalt mixture 2 The volatilization speed of the gas is related to the temperature of the mixture, and the temperature of the asphalt mixture in the rolling process is continuously reduced along with the detection time, so that a relation model of the temperature of the asphalt mixture in the rolling process and the detection time is firstly required to be established. The relation between asphalt mixture and detection time at different temperatures is detected on site by using a Fulu-ke infrared handheld thermometer, and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 temperature and detection time relationship of asphalt mixture for reconstruction and extension of national road 104 in 1 standard rolling link
Table 5 shows the relationship between the temperature and the detection time of the asphalt mixture, and the relationship between the temperature and the detection time of the asphalt mixture in combination with the rolling link model (12) can be obtained as follows:
T＝A 3 t 2 +B 3 t+C 3 t＝5×10 -6 t 2 -0.0423t+157.53
substituting the fitted relation curve of the temperature of the asphalt mixture and the detection time into a relation model (11) of the gas volatilization speed and the temperature to obtain a relation model v of the volatilization speed of the asphalt mixture gas and the rolling time t in the rolling step 2 ＝-3×10 -6 T 2 +0.0021t+0.1337, wherein: t=5×10 -6 t 2 -0.0423t+157.53。
(4) Determination of atmospheric temperature and pressure
The rolling link is carried out immediately after paving, and the detection of the atmospheric temperature and the air pressure is carried out on site by adopting a DYM3-03 digital temperature and air pressure meter, so that the temperature and the pressure in the atmosphere are respectively 33 ℃ and 98173Pa.
(5) Determining the calculated quality of asphalt mixture in rolling link
The calculated mass of the rolling step asphalt mixture is calculated as the mass of the in-plane asphalt mixture, and the field investigation shows that the core drilling sampling density of the upper layer is 2.42 (t/m) 3 ) The upper layer has a thickness of 0.04m, wherein CO 2 The length and the width of the gas sampling cover are square with the side length of 0.5m, the calculation parameters are respectively substituted into the calculation model (10), and the calculation quality of the asphalt mixture in the rolling link can be obtained as follows: m is m 2 ＝ρ 2 .a 2 .b 2 .h 2 ＝2.42×0.5×0.5×0.04＝0.0242t。
(2) CO is discharged by the asphalt mixture per se in the rolling step 2 Calculation of gas
(1) CO emission of asphalt mixture 2 Calculation of gas mass concentration
On the basis of obtaining the calculated parameters, combining with the mass concentration conversion model (5) of the gas, the CO in the 1 st rolling link of national road 104 reconstruction and expansion can be obtained first 2 The mass concentration of the gas is calculated according to the following scheme, in order to facilitate understanding of the specific calculation process, the detection time is 600s for the corresponding CO in the table 4 2 For example, the gas volume concentration detection value is used for calculating the mass concentration of the asphalt mixture in the rolling link, and the mass concentration calculation results of the detection points corresponding to other time points are shown in table 6.
As is clear from Table 4, CO was detected at 600s 2 The gas volume concentration is 487ppm, and the combination of the CO in the atmosphere known in the field of the rolling link 2 Gas volume concentration, atmospheric temperature and pressure, and CO 2 The relative molecular mass of the gas and the mass concentration conversion model (5) of the gas can obtain CO when the detection time of the rolling link of the upper surface layer of the national road 104 reconstruction and expansion 1 standard is 600s 2 The mass concentration of the gas is as follows:
CO discharged by asphalt mixture corresponding to other time points in rolling link 2 The calculation method of the gas mass concentration is consistent with the detection time of 600s, and the CO corresponding to each time point is calculated 2 The gas volume concentration value and the calculation parameters are respectively substituted into a gas mass concentration conversion model (5), so that mass concentration values of other time points in the rolling link can be obtained, and the calculation results are shown in table 6.
Table 6 national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard asphalt mixture paving links each time point CO 2 Mass concentration value of gas
Because the concentration of the discharged gas of the asphalt mixture is continuously reduced along with the detection time in the rolling process, the CO is firstly required to be established 2 The relation between the gas mass concentration and the detection time; according to the rolling link, the asphalt mixture discharges CO 2 The mass concentration and the detection time of the gas are calculated by a model (9) and are combined with national roads 104 obtained in Table 6 to reconstruct and expand CO in 1 scale 2 The relation between the mass concentration of the gas and the detection time can obtain the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the project in the rolling step 2 The relation between the mass concentration of the gas and the detection time is as follows: ρ m2 ＝1×10 -4 t 2 -0.395t+404.07。
(2) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture in rolling step 2 Calculation of gas
Clear asphalt mixture rolling link CO 2 Gas mass concentration calculation result, asphalt mixture calculation mass and CO 2 After the volatilization speed, calculation time and the length and width of the sampling cover of the gas are calculated, substituting the calculation result into a calculation model (1) and calculating by Matlab software to obtainThe national road 104 is reformed and expanded to discharge CO per ton of asphalt mixture in the upper layer rolling link of 1 standard 2 Amount of gas:
step three, each ton of asphalt mixture in the construction site discharges CO per se 2 Calculation model of quantity
The CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per ton in the road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard paving and rolling links 2 After the amount of (2), the CO is discharged by combining each ton of asphalt mixture on the construction site 2 The calculation model (3) of the asphalt mixture can be further obtained to discharge CO per ton of asphalt mixture per ton of the construction site of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard 2 The amount of (3):
E CO2 (construction site) ＝E CO2 (spreading) +E CO2 (Rolling) ＝55.425+1063.254
＝1118.679g/t
Step four, the asphalt mixture in the construction site discharges CO by itself 2 Is the total amount of (2)
The asphalt mixture self-discharges CO at the construction site 2 The total amount of CO discharged by each ton of asphalt mixture at the construction site 2 The amount of gas is determined by the amount of asphalt mixture.
(1) Determining the amount of asphalt mixture used in construction site
The total length of the paving and rolling of the national road 104 reconstruction and extension 1 standard site is 1500m, the thickness of the upper surface layer is 0.04m, and the sampling density of the drill cores is 2.42 (t/m) 3 ) The pavement width is 12m, and the calculation model (13) of the asphalt mixture dosage in a specific project is combined to obtain the self-emission CO in the construction process of reconstructing and expanding the asphalt mixture of the upper layer of the 1 st standard by the national road 104 2 The amount of (2) is as follows: g (asphalt mixture) ＝ρ.a 2 .b 3 .h＝2.42×12×1500×0.04＝1742.4t
(2) CO emission of asphalt mixture 2 Calculation of total gas
CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se at definite construction sites 2 After the amount of (a) is combined with the specific projectThe dosage of the asphalt mixture can obtain the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the construction site in a specific project 2 A total amount; the national road 104 is reformed and expanded to discharge CO per ton of asphalt mixture of the 1 st standard upper surface layer 2 The amount of the asphalt mixture is 1118.679g/t, the amount of the asphalt mixture on the construction site is 1742.4t, and the asphalt mixture is combined with CO 2 The emission total calculation model (4) can obtain the national road 104 reconstruction 1 standard CO 2 Total amount of emissions:
E CO2 (total) ＝E CO2 (construction site) ·G (asphalt mixture) ＝1118.679×1742.4
＝1.949×10 6 g
The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, but not limit the present invention in any form, and the specific parameters in the embodiments are all obtained by on-site investigation and detection, so that the calculation result can more accurately reflect the current emission of CO by the asphalt mixture itself 2 To the extent that any modifications or equivalent variations are actually made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, remain within the true scope of the teachings of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. Measuring and calculating self-emission CO of asphalt mixture in construction site 2 Is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the CO emission of asphalt mixture per se in the paving and rolling process of a construction site 2 The required calculation parameters;
s1.1, selecting calculation parameters required by a paving link;
s1.2, selecting calculation parameters required by a rolling link;
s2, obtaining asphalt mixture emission CO in paving and rolling links on site 2 Calculating parameters of the gas;
s3, establishing a construction site paving and rolling link, wherein each ton of asphalt mixture discharges CO per se 2 Is a computational model of (a);
s3.1, establishing a paving link to discharge CO per ton of asphalt mixture 2 Calculation model of gas:
after the calculation parameters of the paving link are determined, calculating each ton of asphalt mixture of the paving link according to the following formulaSelf-emission of CO 2 The amount of (3):
wherein E is CO2 (spreading) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se in paving link 2 The amount of gas (g/t); ρ m1 For spreading link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 )；a 1 Is the width (m) of the paver; b 1 Is the paving length (m); v 1 Is CO 2 The volatilization speed (m/s) of the gas; t is t 1 The gas detection time(s) is the paving link; 1000 is the unit of conversion of milligrams to grams; m is m 1 Calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture for the paving step;
s3.2, establishing a rolling link to discharge CO per ton of asphalt mixture 2 Calculation model of gas:
calculating the CO emission per ton of asphalt mixture per rolling step according to the following formula 2 The amount of (3):
wherein E is CO2 (Rolling) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture in the rolling step 2 The amount of gas (g/t); ρ m2 For rolling link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 )；a 2 Sampling the cover width (m) for the gas collection device; b 2 Sampling the hood length (m) for the gas collection device; v 2 For rolling link CO 2 The volatilization speed (m/s) of the gas; t is t 2 The detection time(s) of the gas in the rolling step; 1000 is the unit of conversion of milligrams to grams; m is m 2 Calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture in the rolling step;
s4, establishing a construction site to discharge CO per ton of asphalt mixture 2 Calculation model of quantity:
the CO emission per ton of asphalt mixture in the construction site is further obtained according to the following steps 2 Is a computational model of (a):
E CO2 (construction site) ＝E CO2 (spreading) +E CO2 (Rolling) (3)
Wherein E is CO2 (construction site) CO is discharged for each ton of asphalt mixture in construction site 2 The amount of gas (g/t); e (E) CO2 (spreading) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture per se in paving link 2 The amount of gas (g/t); e (E) CO2 (Rolling) CO is discharged per ton of asphalt mixture in the rolling step 2 The amount of gas (g/t);
s5, establishing that the asphalt mixture in the specific project discharges CO 2 Calculation model of total amount:
CO 2 the total emissions were calculated as follows:
E CO2 (total) ＝E CO2 (construction site) ·G (asphalt mixture) (4)
Wherein E is CO2 (total) CO is discharged to the asphalt mixture in the concrete project of the construction site 2 Total amount of gas (g); e (E) CO2 (construction site) CO is discharged for each ton of mixture in construction site 2 The amount of gas (g/t); g (asphalt mixture) The asphalt mixture dosage (t) is the specific project;
s6, substituting the carbon emission calculation parameters of the paving and rolling links in the construction site in S1 and the data acquired in S2 into calculation models (1) and (2) respectively to obtain CO emission of each ton of asphalt mixture in the paving and rolling links 2 The amount of the gas is respectively substituted into the calculation models (3) and (4) to obtain the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture in the specific project of the construction site 2 Total amount of gas.
2. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: in step S1, when the carbon emission amount calculation is performed, the volume concentration of the gas is converted into the mass concentration, and the conversion formula is as shown in (5):
wherein ρ is m(CO2) CO is discharged for asphalt mixture 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 )；ρ v1 Is CO in asphalt mixture 2 The volume concentration (ppm) of the gas; ρ va Is CO in the atmosphere 2 Is a volume concentration (ppm); m is M CO2 Is CO 2 Relative molecular mass of gas (CO 2 The relative molecular mass of the gas is 44); t is t 0 Is the atmospheric temperature (DEG C); ba is atmospheric pressure (Pa);
CO is carried out on asphalt mixture in the paving link 2 When the gas volume concentration is detected, 6 detection points are uniformly distributed from left to right along the width direction of a spiral distributor of the paver in the detection process, the positions of the detection points are respectively positioned at L/12, L/4,5L/12,7L/12,9L/12 and 11L/12 positions of the paver in the width direction, 15 sample sizes are respectively taken for each detection point, and the sample average value of each detection point is taken as the point CO 2 A calculated value of the gas volume concentration; then the CO of each detection point is calculated by a calculation model (5) 2 Converting the volume concentration of the gas into the mass concentration, then establishing the relation between the mass concentration of the gas and the positions of all points on the paver, and obtaining a paving link CO by fitting data of all detection points in the paving process 2 The quantitative model of the mass concentration of the gas along the width direction of the paver is shown as a formula (6):
ρ m1 ＝A 1 L 2 +B 1 L+C 1 (6)
wherein ρ is m1 For spreading link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the L is the position of a detection point on the paver; a is that 1 、B 1 、C 1 The coefficients of the fitting curve are related to the detection point positions and the detection sample fingers respectively.
3. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: in the step S1, in the paving link of the asphalt mixture, the time length of each 1min of paving of the paver is taken as the calculation time, and the asphalt is mixedThe calculated mass of the mixture is calculated by measuring the advancing length of the paver per minute and the asphalt mixture along the width direction of the paver, and the calculated models are respectively shown in formulas (7) and (8):
b 1 ＝v a .t 1 (7)
m 1 ＝ρ.a 1 .b 1 .h (8)
wherein b is 1 Is the paving length (m); t is t 1 Calculating time(s) for paving the asphalt mixture; v a Paving speed (m/s) for a paver; m is m 1 Calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture along the width direction of the paver when the paver paves for 1 min; ρ is the core-drilling sampling density (t/m) of the asphalt mixture 3 )；a 1 A single spreading width (m); h is the thickness (m) of asphalt mixture paving.
4. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: CO is carried out on the asphalt mixture in the rolling link 2 When the gas volume concentration is detected, the calculation time t of carbon emission in rolling link 2 To start from initial pressure to CO in asphalt mixture 2 The time when the gas emission concentration is consistent with the atmosphere and is no longer changed; in addition, a relation model of the gas emission concentration and the detection time is established: first, the detected CO 2 Substituting the gas volume concentration into the calculation model (5) to obtain CO 2 The mass concentration of the gas is then controlled by the rolling step CO 2 Fitting the data of the gas mass concentration and the detection time to obtain the CO discharged by the asphalt mixture per se in the link 2 The relation model of the mass concentration of the gas and the detection time is shown as a calculation model in the formula (9):
ρ m2 ＝A 2 t 2 +B 2 t+C 2 (9)
wherein ρ is m2 For rolling link CO 2 Mass concentration of gas (mg/m) 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the t is the detection time(s); a is that 2 、B 2 、C 2 The coefficients of the fitting curve are related to the detection time and the index of the detection sample, respectively.
5. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: in the step S1, the calculation quality of the rolling step asphalt mixture is determined by the length and width of a sampling cover, the thickness of a surface layer and the sampling density of a drill core, and a calculation model is shown as a formula (10):
m 2 ＝ρ.a 2 .b 2 .h (10)
wherein m is 2 Calculating the mass (t) of the asphalt mixture in the sampling range of the sampling cover; ρ is the density of the core sample (t/m) 3 )；a 2 Sampling hood width (m); b 2 Length (m) of the sampling cover; h is the thickness (m) of the facing layer.
6. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: in step S2, by detecting CO at different temperatures 2 The relation model of the volatilization speed of the gas and the temperature of the asphalt mixture obtained by fitting is shown as the formula (11):
v＝-3×10 -6 T 2 +0.0021T+0.1337 (11)
wherein v is CO 2 The volatilization speed (m/s) of the gas; t is the temperature of the asphalt mixture (DEG C).
7. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: in step S2, fitting the data of the temperature and the detection time of the rolling link asphalt mixture to obtain a relationship model of the temperature and the detection time of the rolling link asphalt mixture, where the result is shown in formula (12):
T＝A 3 t 2 +B 3 t+C 3 t (12)
wherein T is the temperature (DEG C) of the asphalt mixture in the rolling step; t is the detection time(s); a is that 3 、B 3 、C 3 The coefficients of the fitting curves are related to the temperature and the detection time of the asphalt mixture。
8. The method for measuring and calculating the self-emission CO of the asphalt mixture at the construction site according to claim 1 2 Is characterized in that: in step S5, the amount of asphalt mixture used in the concrete project construction site is determined by the thickness of the surface layer, the sampling density of the drill core, the length of pavement construction and the pavement width, and the calculation model is shown in formula (13):
G (asphalt mixture) ＝ρ.a 3 .b 3 .h (13)
Wherein G is (asphalt mixture) The amount (t) of the asphalt mixture is the specific item; ρ is the density of the core sample (t/m) 3 )；a 3 Is the road width (m); b 3 The construction length (m) of the pavement; h is the thickness (m) of the facing layer.
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