CN109611936B - Cross-season heating and hot water supply system with solar energy as unique heat supply source - Google Patents
Cross-season heating and hot water supply system with solar energy as unique heat supply source Download PDFInfo
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- CN109611936B CN109611936B CN201910011295.5A CN201910011295A CN109611936B CN 109611936 B CN109611936 B CN 109611936B CN 201910011295 A CN201910011295 A CN 201910011295A CN 109611936 B CN109611936 B CN 109611936B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
- F24D11/002—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
- F24D11/003—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system combined with solar energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cross-season heat storage, in particular to a cross-season heating and hot water supply system taking solar energy as a sole heat supply source, which comprises a high-temperature solar heat source, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a cross-season heat storage body, a heat exchange device, a water mixer, a heat supply end water tank, a pressure-bearing water tank, a hot water user end, a heat supply user end, an external low-temperature water source, a connecting pipeline, a plurality of sets of water pumps, a plurality of sets of high-temperature medium conveying equipment and a plurality of sets of valves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cross-season heat storage, in particular to a cross-season heating and hot water supply system taking solar energy as a sole heat supply source.
Background
In recent years, under the influence of global climate change, the energy consumption structure of China is gradually transformed from the main consumption of coal fossil energy to clean, energy-saving, emission-reducing and renewable energy. At present, the treatment of haze, especially in northern areas in winter, is faced with a great difficulty in solving the pollution of coal-fired boilers to air. The modes of 'coal to electricity' and 'coal to gas' and the like adopted at present can replace part of coal, but the energy consumption and the operation cost of the 'coal to electricity' are high, the 'coal to gas' has the problems of 'gas waste', reliable gas source, stability and the like, and the technology for heating clean renewable energy sources, which has the advantages of high reliability, no emission, low cost and capability of replacing the traditional coal, is further developed.
However, due to the instability of solar radiation and the inconsistency of solar radiation and heat load, the common solar heating and water supply can only partially meet the demands of users in a short period of time, and also needs to be used together with other energy sources; the existing solar cross-season heat storage technology can store solar heat in a non-heating season, is used for meeting the heating requirement of a period of insufficient solar resources in the heating season, but is affected by seasonal unevenness of solar radiation, namely excessive summer and insufficient winter, has weak winter radiation, has low guarantee rate of direct heating by solar energy, and is usually used for supplying heat in a combined mode by assisting forms of electric heating, fuel gas, a ground source heat pump, industrial waste heat and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect of heat accumulation of the existing solar energy in a crossing season, the invention provides a heating and hot water supply system with solar energy as the only heat supply source in the crossing season.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a solar energy is the only heating source of the cross-season heating hot water supply system, install in the area needing heating hot water supply in winter, including high-temperature solar energy heat source, high-temperature heat storage tank, cross-season heat storage body, heat exchange device, water mixer, heat supply end water tank, pressure-bearing water tank, hot water user end, heating return pipe, external low-temperature water supply source, connecting pipe, multiple sets of water pumps, multiple sets of high-temperature medium conveying equipment and multiple sets of valves;
the high-temperature solar heat source is arranged at an outdoor position convenient for receiving sunlight, and is a device for collecting solar energy in a high-power condensation mode and enabling a heat transfer medium in the solar energy to obtain high-temperature heat energy;
the high-temperature heat storage tank is completely placed in a cross-season heat storage body, is connected with a high-temperature solar heat source through a pipeline and a first high-temperature medium conveying device and is of a closed tank structure filled with heat storage medium;
the cross-season heat storage body is buried in soil, is provided with a water intake and a water inlet and is respectively connected with a heat supply tail end water tank through a pipeline, a water pump and a valve, and is internally provided with a heat storage working medium, thus being a device for realizing cross-season energy storage;
The heat exchange device is respectively connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank and the heat supply end water tank through pipelines and is used for converting the energy of a heat storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage tank into the heat of water in the heat supply end water tank;
the water mixer is arranged in the heat supply end water tank and is used for adjusting the water temperature in the heat supply end water tank;
the heating terminal water tank is arranged on the ground and is used for providing hot water with proper temperature and sufficient water quantity for a heating user side and a hot water user side;
the pressure-bearing water tank is connected with the heat supply end water tank through a pipeline and a water pump, and the water pump pumps water from the heat supply end water tank into the pressure-bearing water tank, so that hot water with pressure is provided for a hot water user side;
the heating return pipe is connected with the cross-season heat storage body through a pipeline and a valve and is used for returning low-temperature water generated by heating to the cross-season heat storage body.
The external low-temperature water supply source is respectively connected with the cross-season heat storage body and the water mixer through pipelines and valves and is used for water supply and water supplement of the cross-season heat storage body and water temperature adjustment in the water mixer;
the water pump is respectively arranged on the pipelines connected with the heat supply end water tank, the pressure-bearing water tank, the cross-season heat storage body water intake and the heat supply user side and is used for conveying water medium in the pipelines;
The high-temperature medium conveying equipment is arranged on a connecting pipeline for conveying a high-temperature solar heat source and a high-temperature heat storage tank and a connecting pipeline between the high-temperature heat storage tank and the heat exchanger and is used for conveying a heat transfer medium, the corresponding conveying equipment when the heat transfer medium is air, molten salt and heat conduction oil is a high-temperature fan, a molten salt pump and a heat conduction oil pump in sequence, the corresponding conveying equipment when the heat transfer medium is graphite and fly ash is a powder conveyer, and the corresponding conveying equipment when the heat transfer medium is ceramsite and sand is a fluidized bed;
the valve comprises a water return valve, a flow control valve, a four-way valve and a three-way valve, is arranged on a system water conveying pipeline and is used for switching a system operation mode and adjusting water temperature and water quantity.
Preferably, the system further comprises a plurality of groups of temperature sensors, a plurality of groups of water level sensors, a pressure sensor, a plurality of groups of pressure gauges, a controller, an electric actuator, a safety valve and an overflow port, so that the automatic regulation and control of the temperature, the water level and the pressure of the system are realized;
the temperature sensor is respectively connected with the high-temperature solar heat source, the high-temperature heat storage tank, the cross-season heat storage body, the heat supply tail end water tank, the pressure-bearing water tank, the pipeline between the high-temperature solar heat source and the high-temperature heat storage tank, and is used for detecting the internal temperature and outputting a temperature signal to the controller;
The water level sensor is respectively connected with the cross-season heat storage body and the heat supply end water tank, and is used for monitoring the positions of the cross-season heat storage body and the heat supply end water tank, which are connected with the inner water volume, and transmitting the data to the device of the controller;
the pressure sensor is connected with the pressure-bearing water tank and is used for monitoring the water pressure and the water quantity in the pressure-bearing water tank and transmitting data to the controller;
the pressure gauge is arranged on the high-temperature solar heat source, the high-temperature heat storage tank input pipeline and the pressure-bearing water tank and is used for displaying the pressure conditions during the transmission of the heat transfer medium of the high-temperature heat storage tank and in the pressure-bearing water tank;
the controller is connected with the temperature sensor, the water level sensor and the pressure sensor through cables and receives signals of the temperature sensor, the water level sensor and the pressure sensor, and is used for processing the signals, the controller is also connected with the electric actuator and the water pump through cables and sends instructions to the electric actuator and the water pump, and a singlechip or a programmable logic controller PLC can be adopted.
The electric actuator is used for receiving the instruction of the controller, is connected with a plurality of groups of valves through cables, and controls the opening and closing of the valves and the flow rate, and can be an electromagnetic type, a partial rotary type or a multi-rotary type electric actuator, and a conventional product is adopted;
the safety valve is assembled on the high-temperature heat storage tank, the heat supply end water tank and the pressure-bearing water tank, is a device for automatically discharging the overpressure and guaranteeing the safety pressure of equipment, and is used for guaranteeing the use safety of the high-temperature heat storage tank, the heat supply end water tank and the pressure-bearing water tank and preventing the tank body and the tank body from exploding when special conditions occur;
the overflow port is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body and the heat supply end water tank, and in case of emergency such as failure of a water level sensor, the cross-season heat storage body and the heat supply end water tank discharge excessive water from the overflow port and are used for preventing the liquid level in the cross-season heat storage body and the heat supply end water tank from being too high and ensuring the normal operation of the system.
Preferably, the cross-season heat storage body is internally provided with more than one set of high-temperature heat storage tank, and the system is provided with a heat exchange device, a water mixer, a heat supply end water tank, a pressure-bearing water tank, a hot water user side, a heat supply user side, an external low-temperature water source, a ground buried pipe, a connecting pipeline, a plurality of sets of water pumps, a plurality of sets of high-temperature medium conveying equipment, a plurality of sets of valves, a plurality of sets of temperature sensors, a plurality of sets of water level sensors, a pressure sensor, a plurality of sets of pressure gauges, a controller, an electric actuator, a safety valve and an overflow port, so that the system is convenient to integrate, and a plurality of terminals can be heated and supplied with hot water through one system.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. compared with the conventional heating mode of using fossil energy sources such as traditional coal, natural gas and the like to provide heat sources, the system only uses solar energy as a heat source, and has no emission of carbon dioxide and any other pollutants;
2. compared with a conventional solar heat supply mode, the system adopts a cross-season heat storage mode, utilizes water or soil as a cross-season heat storage body, stores solar heat in a non-heating season into the heat storage body, and extracts the solar heat for heating and supplying hot water in a heating season, thereby realizing summer heat storage and winter supply of solar energy; the system uses a high-grade solar heat source, does not need any other energy source to supplement, and can meet the use requirement of heating and hot water supply in heating seasons by only using solar energy as the only heat supply energy source, thereby improving the operation stability of the heating and hot water supply system and solving the problems of unstable and discontinuous solar energy; furthermore, the high-temperature heat storage tank is completely arranged in the cross-season heat storage body, and heat emitted by the outer wall of the storage tank is also completely absorbed by the cross-season heat storage body, so that the heat loss of the system is reduced, and the utilization rate of solar energy is improved;
3. compared with the existing cross-season heat storage and supply mode of combining solar energy with other energy sources, the system has the advantages that the grade of the solar heat source used is high, and any other energy source is not needed to be supplemented, so that the centralized control of the whole system is relatively simple, the investment cost of the system is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is improved;
4. Compared with the traditional ground source heat pump system, the system only uses solar energy as a heat supply source, no other energy sources in any form are needed for supplementing, the traditional ground source heat pump system utilizes the characteristics of stable ground normal temperature soil and ground water, adopts a heat pump principle to realize the transfer from low-grade heat energy to high-grade heat energy through a certain amount of high-grade electric energy input, and is an energy-saving technology, but a considerable amount of high-grade electric energy is needed to be consumed.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a high temperature heat storage tank;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the heat storage medium of the cross-season heat storage body is water;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body is soil.
In the figure, 1, a high-temperature solar heat source, 2, a high-temperature heat storage tank, 3, a cross-season heat storage body, 4, a heat exchange device, 5, a water mixer, 6, a heat supply end water tank, 7, a pressure-bearing water tank, 8, a hot water user end, 9, a heat supply user end, 10, a heat supply return pipe, 11, an external low-temperature water source, 12, a high-temperature medium conveying device I, 13, a high-temperature medium conveying device II, 14, a water pump I, 15, a water pump II, 16, a water pump III, 17, a return valve, 18, a flow control valve, 19, a four-way valve, 20, a water intake, 21, a water inlet, 22, a three-way valve, 23, a buried pipe, 24, a heat storage medium, 25, water, 26 and soil.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, a cross-season heating hot water supply system using solar energy as the only heat supply source can be installed in a region for heating and hot water supply in winter, and comprises a high-temperature solar heat source 1, a high-temperature heat storage tank 2, a cross-season heat storage body 3, a heat exchange device 4, a water mixer 5, a heat supply end water tank 6, a pressure-bearing water tank 7, a hot water user end 8, a heat supply user end 9, a heat supply return pipe 10, an external low-temperature water supply 11, a connecting pipeline, a plurality of water pumps, a plurality of sets of high-temperature medium conveying devices and a plurality of sets of valves;
the high-temperature solar heat source 1 is arranged at an outdoor position convenient for receiving sunlight, is a device for collecting solar energy in a high-concentration mode to obtain high-temperature heat energy, and comprises tower type solar heat source, groove type solar heat source, disc type solar heat source, fresnel type solar heat source and the like, wherein the high-temperature solar heat source is a conventional product in the market, the system adopts tower type solar heat source, a heat collector of the tower type solar heat source is used for converting solar energy into heat energy and storing the heat energy in a heat transfer medium, and the heat transfer medium can be air, molten salt, heat transfer oil, ceramsite, sand, graphite, fly ash and the like;
the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is connected with the high-temperature solar heat source 1 through a pipeline and a first high-temperature medium conveying device 12, is of a closed tank structure filled with a heat storage medium 24, the heat storage medium 24 can be gravel, haydite, sand, graphite, fly ash, fused salt or heat conducting oil, the heat transfer medium with higher temperature in the high-temperature solar heat source 1 is conveyed into the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 through the first high-temperature medium conveying device 12, after heat exchange with the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, the heat transfer medium is changed into a heat transfer medium with lower temperature and then is conveyed into the high-temperature solar heat source 1, the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is provided with an outer high-strength structural layer 2-1, an intermediate heat preservation layer 2-2 and an inner high-temperature resistant layer 2-3, the material of the outer high-strength structural layer 2-1 can be selected from structural steel, marine steel, gas cylinder steel, stainless steel, high-strength anti-seepage concrete and the like with good welding performance and high corrosion resistance, the material of the middle heat preservation layer 2-2 can be selected from aerogel, glass wool, rock wool, expanded perlite, silicic acid products, mineral fibers, glass fibers, polyurethane materials, foaming cement and the like, the material of the inner high-temperature resistant layer 2-3 can be selected from light refractory materials, refractory bricks, high-temperature resistant stainless steel and the like, and preferably, the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body 3, so that the dissipated energy of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 can be transmitted to the cross-season heat storage body 3, thereby preventing energy loss and improving the thermal efficiency of the system;
The cross-season heat storage body 3 is buried in soil under most conditions, is provided with a water intake 20 and a water inlet 21 and is respectively connected with a heat supply end water tank 6 through a pipeline, a heat storage working medium is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body 3 and is a device for realizing cross-season energy storage, when the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is water 25, the cross-season heat storage body 3 is of a closed pool structure and is provided with an outer structural layer 3-1 and an inner leakage-proof layer 3-2, the outer structural layer 3-1 can be made of building bricks or concrete and the like, and the inner leakage-proof layer 3-2 can be made of waterproof plastic films, waterproof cloth, impregnated plastic cloth, reinforced plastic films, covered film woven cloth and the like; when the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body 3 is soil 26, a ground buried pipe 23 is arranged in the soil 26, one end of the ground buried pipe 23 is a water intake 20, the other end of the ground buried pipe is a water inlet 21, the ground buried pipe 23 collects heat stored in the cross-season heat storage body as much as possible, the heat storage working medium adopts U-shaped pipes, sleeves, horizontal pipes and other forms, pipelines for heat exchange between the circulating liquid working medium and the soil 26 can be made of stainless steel, red copper, PE-RT materials or conventional PE materials with better heat conduction, the cross-season heat storage body 3 is of a cover layer structure covered above the soil 26, the heat storage body is provided with an outer waterproof layer 3-3 and an inner heat preservation layer 3-4, the outer waterproof layer 3-3 can be made of waterproof foam plastic films, film woven cloth with foam plastic interlayers, hollow plastic films and the like, and the inner heat preservation layer 3-4 can be made of foam plastics, polyurethane materials, plant straws and the like;
The heat exchange device 4 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 and the heat supply end water tank 6 through pipelines, and is used for converting the energy of the heat storage medium 24 with higher temperature in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 into the heat of the water in the heat supply end water tank 6, and comprises various types of heat exchangers, wherein the heat exchangers are also called heat exchangers, are used for transmitting the heat from hot fluid to cold fluid so as to meet the specified process requirements, are industrial application of convection heat transmission and heat conduction, and can be installed in the heat supply end water tank 6 by adopting conventional products, the heat exchange device 4 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 through a pipeline and a high-temperature medium conveying device II 13, the high-temperature medium conveying device II 13 is used for conveying the energy of the heat storage medium of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 into the heat exchange device 4 through the heat transmission medium, the heat transfer medium such as air absorbs heat from the heat storage medium 24 through heat exchange to obtain air with higher temperature, the air enters the heat exchange device 4 through a pipe, the heat exchange device 4 converts the energy of the air with higher temperature into the heat of the water in the heat supply end water tank 6, the heat exchange device 4 can be arranged inside the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, high-temperature medium conveying equipment is not needed, the heat exchange device 4 is connected with the heat supply end water tank 6 through a pipe, the b end and the c end of the water pump 14 and the three-way valve 22 are connected with the water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3, the low-temperature water of the cross-season heat storage body 3 flows into the heat exchange device 4, the heat exchange device 4 directly converts the energy of the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 into the heat of water, and the obtained water with higher temperature flows back into the heat supply end water tank 6;
The heat transfer medium in the high-temperature solar heat source 1, the heat storage medium of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 and the heat transfer medium of the high-temperature medium conveying equipment II realize heat transfer of the heat storage medium, wherein the heat transfer medium can be air, molten salt, heat conduction oil, ceramsite, sand, graphite, fly ash and the like, the heat storage medium can be gravel, ceramsite, sand, graphite, fly ash, molten salt, heat conduction oil and the like, the materials of the heat transfer medium and the heat storage medium are coincident, and the same or different materials can be selected.
The water mixer 5 is arranged in the heat supply end water tank 6 and is used for adjusting the water temperature in the heat supply end water tank 6, and the water mixer is made of conventional products in the market;
the heating end water tank 6 can be installed on the ground, can also be installed on the roof if the capacity is smaller, and is used for providing hot water with proper temperature and sufficient water quantity for the heating user end 9 and the hot water user end 8, and can be obtained by adopting conventional products on the market;
the pressure-bearing water tank 7 can be installed on the ground or the roof and is connected with the heat supply end water tank 6 through a pipeline and a water pump, the water pump pumps water from the heat supply end water tank 6 into the pressure-bearing water tank 7, so that pressurized hot water is supplied to the hot water user end 8, the pressure-bearing water storage technology is mainly used in a water supply system, the principle is that the volume of a certain section of the water supply system is increased to form a small water storage unit, the water storage unit is only a part of the pipeline under the condition of normal water supply, the water storage unit has water pressure equal to the water supply pressure, and when the water supply fails, such as insufficient water pressure, pipeline damage, equipment overhaul and the like, the water stored in the water storage unit can continuously supply domestic production water for users, and the water storage unit can be used for providing common products in the market;
The heating return pipe 10 is connected with the cross-season heat storage body 3 through a pipeline and is used for returning low-temperature water generated by heating to the cross-season heat storage body 3.
The external low-temperature water supply source 11 is respectively connected with the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the water mixer 5 through pipelines and valves and is used for supplying water and supplementing water to the cross-season heat storage body 3 and adjusting the water temperature in the water mixer 7, and tap water subjected to general filtration is selected;
the water pump is respectively arranged on the pipelines of the heat supply tail end water tank 6, the pressure-bearing water tank 7, the water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply user end 9 and is used for conveying water media in the pipelines, and the water pump can be used by adopting conventional products in the market;
the high-temperature medium conveying equipment is arranged on a connecting pipeline for conveying the high-temperature solar heat source 1 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 and a connecting pipeline between the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 and the heat exchanger 4 and is used for realizing medium conveying, the conveying equipment corresponding to the heat transfer medium is a high-temperature fan, a molten salt pump and a heat conduction oil pump in sequence when the heat transfer medium is air, molten salt and heat conduction oil, the conveying equipment corresponding to the heat transfer medium is graphite and fly ash is a powder conveyer, the conveying equipment corresponding to the heat transfer medium is ceramsite and sand is a fluidized bed, and the conventional products on the market are adopted;
The valve comprises a water return valve, a flow control valve, a four-way valve and a three-way valve, is arranged on a system water conveying pipeline and is used for switching a system operation mode and adjusting water temperature and water quantity, and the valve is made of conventional products in the market.
Preferably, the cross-season heating and water heating system with solar energy as the only heat source further comprises a plurality of groups of temperature sensors, a plurality of groups of water level sensors, pressure sensors, a plurality of groups of pressure gauges, a controller, an electric actuator, a safety valve and an overflow port, so that automatic control of system temperature, water level and pressure is realized;
the temperature sensor is respectively connected with the high-temperature solar heat source 1, the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, the cross-season heat storage body 3, the heat supply tail end water tank 6, the pressure-bearing water tank 7 and the pipeline between the high-temperature solar heat source 1 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, and the device for detecting the internal temperature and outputting a temperature signal to the controller is obtained by adopting a conventional product in the market;
the water level sensor is respectively connected with the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6, and is used for monitoring the water volume position in the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6, and the device for transmitting the data to the controller can adopt the conventional products on the market;
The pressure sensor is connected with the pressure-bearing water tank 7, and is used for monitoring the water pressure and the water quantity in the pressure-bearing water tank 7 and transmitting data to the controller, and the device is obtained by adopting a conventional product in the market;
the pressure gauge is arranged on the input pipeline of the high-temperature solar heat source 1 and the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 and the pressure-bearing water tank 7, and the device for displaying the pressure conditions in the pressure-bearing water tank 7 and during the transmission of the heat transfer medium of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is a conventional product on the market;
the controller is connected with the temperature sensor, the water level sensor and the pressure sensor through cables and receives signals of the temperature sensor, the water level sensor and the pressure sensor, and is used for processing the signals, the controller is also connected with the electric actuator and the water pump through cables and sends instructions to the electric actuator and the water pump, a singlechip or a programmable logic controller PLC can be adopted, the programmable logic controller PLC is adopted, an electronic device specially designed for industrial production and operated by digital operation is adopted, a programmable memory is adopted, a program is stored in the electronic device, logic operation, sequential control, timing, counting, arithmetic operation and other user-oriented instructions are performed, and various types of mechanical or production processes are controlled through digital or analog input/output, so that the electronic device can be used by adopting the conventional products on the market;
The electric actuator is used for receiving the instruction of the controller, is connected with a plurality of groups of valves through cables, and controls the opening and closing of the valves and the flow rate, and can be an electromagnetic type, a partial rotary type or a multi-rotary type electric actuator, and a conventional product is adopted;
the safety valve is assembled on the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, the heat supply end water tank 6 and the pressure-bearing water tank 7, is a device for automatically discharging the overpressure and guaranteeing the safety pressure of equipment, and is used for guaranteeing the use safety of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, the heat supply end water tank 6 and the pressure-bearing water tank 7 when special conditions occur, preventing the tank body and the tank body from exploding, and is obtained by adopting conventional products;
the overflow port is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6, and in case of emergency such as failure of a water level sensor, the overflow port of the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6 is used for discharging redundant water and preventing the liquid level in the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6 from being too high, so that the normal operation of the system is guaranteed, and the structure is achieved by adopting conventional products.
Preferably, more than one set of high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body 3, and the system is provided with a heat exchange device 4, a water mixer 5, a heat supply tail end water tank 6, a pressure-bearing water tank 7, a hot water user end 8, a heat supply user end 9, an external low-temperature water source 11, a ground buried pipe 23, a connecting pipeline, a plurality of sets of water pumps, a plurality of sets of high-temperature medium conveying equipment, a plurality of sets of valves, a plurality of sets of temperature sensors, a plurality of sets of water level sensors, a pressure sensor, a plurality of sets of pressure gauges, a controller, an electric actuator, a safety valve and an overflow port, so that the system is convenient to integrate, and a plurality of terminals can be heated and supplied with hot water through one system.
The system comprises six independent operation condition modes and a plurality of combined operation condition modes:
the six independent operation working condition modes are as follows: (1) a high-temperature heat storage working condition, (2) a water adding working condition of a heat supply tail end water tank, (3) a heat supply tail end water tank heating working condition, (4) a heat storage working condition of a cross-season heat storage body, (5) a heat supply working condition of a heat supply user side and (6) a hot water supply working condition of a hot water user side.
The various combined operating mode modes are: six independent operation working condition modes, namely a combined operation working condition mode which is required by various system designs and operates from two to six working condition modes one by one or simultaneously under the condition of related parameters of the system design.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the system comprises a high-temperature solar heat source 1, a high-temperature heat storage tank 2, a cross-season heat storage body 3, a heat exchange device 4, a water mixer 5, a heat supply end water tank 6, a pressure-bearing water tank 7, a hot water user end 8, a heat supply user end 9, a heat supply return pipe 10, an external low-temperature water source 11, a first high-temperature medium conveying device 12, a second high-temperature medium conveying device 13, a first water pump 14, a second water pump 15, a third water pump 16, a return valve 17, a flow control valve 18, a four-way valve 19, water 25 and a connecting pipeline; the high-temperature solar heat source 1 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 through a pipeline and a high-temperature medium conveying device I12; the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is completely placed in the cross-season heat storage body 3, and is internally provided with a heat storage medium 24; the seasonal heat storage body 3 is filled with water 25 meeting the system design requirement capacity and is provided with a water intake 20 and a water inlet 21; the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is connected with the heat exchange device 4 through a pipeline and a second high-temperature medium conveying device 13; the heat exchange device 4 is arranged in the heat supply end water tank 6, the heat supply end water tank 6 supplies heat to the heat supply user end 9 through the water pump II 15, and supplies hot water to the pressure-bearing water tank 7 through the water pump III 16, and the pressure-bearing water tank 7 is connected with the hot water user end 8; the heat supply tail end water tank 6 is connected with a water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3 through a water pump I14; the backwater end of the heat supply end water tank 6 is connected with the water inlet 21 of the seasonal heat storage body 3 through the backwater valve 17 and d and c ends of the four-way valve 19; the heating return pipe 10 is connected with a water inlet 21 of the seasonal heat storage body 3 through the b and c ends of the four-way valve 19; the water mixer 5 is arranged in the heat supply end water tank 6, the external low-temperature water supply source 11 is connected with the water mixer 5 in the heat supply end water tank 6 through the flow control valve 18, and the external low-temperature water supply source 11 is connected with the water inlet 21 of the seasonal heat storage body 3 through the ends a and c of the four-way valve 19.
Embodiment 1 includes six independent operating mode and a plurality of combined operating mode:
the six independent operation working condition modes are as follows: (1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) a high-temperature heat storage working condition, (2) a water adding working condition of a heat supply tail end water tank, (3) a heat supply tail end water tank heating working condition, (4) a heat storage working condition of a cross-season heat storage body, (5) a heating user side heating working condition and (6) a hot water supply working condition of a hot water user side.
In the working condition (1), the system conveys a heat transfer medium with higher temperature in the high-temperature solar heat source 1 into the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, performs full heat exchange with a heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, and then changes the heat transfer medium into a heat transfer medium with lower temperature to be conveyed into the high-temperature solar heat source 1, wherein the mode is in an operation state only under the condition of effective sunlight; in the working condition (2), a first water pump 14 of the heat supply end water tank 6 is started, and water working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is conveyed to the heat supply end water tank 6 through a water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3; in the working condition (3), when the temperature of the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 reaches a certain value (the temperature value is required to be determined according to the heat supply temperature range of the high-temperature solar heat source and the temperature characteristic of the heat transfer heat storage medium), the high-temperature medium conveying device II 13 is started, the high-temperature medium conveying device II 13 conveys the energy of the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 to the heat exchange device 4 through the heat transfer medium, the heat transfer medium can also be air, molten salt or heat transfer oil, the heat transfer medium such as air absorbs the heat from the heat storage medium through heat exchange to obtain air with higher temperature, the air enters the heat exchange device 4 through the pipe, the heat exchange device 4 converts the energy of the air with higher temperature into the heat of the water in the heat supply end water tank 6 so as to heat the water working medium in the heat supply end water tank 6, and the exchanged low-temperature medium 24 is conveyed back to the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 through the pipe; in the working condition (4), when the water level of the heat supply end water tank 6 is higher than the set lowest water level and the water temperature of the heat supply end water tank 6 exceeds the system set values according to different running states, the d and c ends of the water return valve 17 and the four-way valve 19 of the heat supply end water tank 6 are opened, so that water working medium with higher temperature in the heat supply end water tank 6 flows into the cross-season energy storage body 3 from the water inlet 21, and heat is stored in the cross-season energy storage body 3; in the working condition (5), a second water pump 15 of the heating user terminal 9 is started, and hot water with the temperature meeting the heating requirement is extracted from the heating terminal water tank 6 to heat the heating user terminal 9; in the working condition (6), the water pump III 16 of the pressure-bearing water tank 7 is started, firstly, water working medium with the temperature meeting the requirement of hot water supply is pumped out from the heat supply end water tank 6 into the pressure-bearing water tank 7, and then hot water is supplied to the hot water user side 8.
In example 1, the temperature of the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 has TL (minimum design temperature to ensure the operation of the system); the highest water temperature in the heating end water tank 6 is 90 ℃; the highest temperature of the heat storage working medium of the cross-season energy storage body 3 is 90 ℃; the heating water temperature in the working condition (5) is 40-45 ℃, and the heating water temperature in the working condition (6) is 55-65 ℃.
Example 1 the initial period of starting operation after the system construction was completed was a warm-up period; after the preheating period is finished, the system starts to enter a state of alternately and circularly running in a heat storage and supply period and a heat storage and supply period; the heat storage and heat supply period is in a non-heating season, and the heat storage and heat supply period is in a heating season.
The preheating period is divided into an initial period and a normal period, and the conditions for the initial period to be completed are as follows: 1. heating the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 to the lowest design temperature TL capable of ensuring the system to operate, and secondly, storing heat storage working media which meet the quantity required by the normal operation of the system for the cross-season heat storage body 3, wherein the heat storage working media in the cross-season heat storage body 3 are water in the embodiment; the conditions for the normal phase to be completed are: the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is heated to about 35 ℃.
The initial stage of the preheating period needs to independently operate the working condition (1) for a period of time, and the time period is determined by the following conditions: season at the beginning of the initial phase of the warm-up period, b: average solar irradiance during the initial phase of the warm-up period, c: the sunny days in the initial stage period are preheated, and at the moment, the system only implements the working condition (1) in the period of effective sunshine; simultaneously, the ends 19a and 19c of the four-way valve 19 are opened, and water working medium is transmitted into the cross-season heat storage body 3 from the external low-temperature water supply source 11 through the water inlet 21 of the cross-season heat storage body 3; when the temperature of the heat storage medium 24 in the high temperature heat storage tank 2 reaches TL, and the water level in the cross-season heat storage body 3 reaches the minimum water level requirement, the initial stage of the preheating period is ended.
And then entering a normal stage of a preheating period, wherein four independent operation working condition modes, namely working condition (1), working condition (2), working condition (3), working condition (4) and corresponding combined operation working condition modes, after the system construction is completed, the working condition (1) is kept to operate all the year round and related equipment is started as long as the period of effective sunlight is available, and other working conditions are conditioned to operate according to various design requirements, and the working conditions can be simultaneously operated with the working condition (1), can be operated separately, and can be partially simultaneously or partially operated separately.
The following three working conditions are available in the normal phase of the preheating period:
| name of the name | Working condition flow |
| A1 | Operating process of working condition (2), working condition (3), working condition (4) in sequence |
| B1 | Working condition (2), working condition (3) and working condition (4) partial simultaneous operation flow |
| C1 | Operating process of all working conditions (2), (3) and (4) simultaneously |
Any one of the operation of the three working condition flows A1, B1 and C1 can be selected according to the condition of system equipment and the condition of local environment in the normal stage of the preheating period, and the sequential and gradual operation flow A1 refers to the mode of the latter working condition after the former working condition is finished; the part B1 simultaneous operation flow is a mode that the working condition (2) and the working condition (3) are operated simultaneously, and the working condition (2) and the working condition (3) are finished and then the working condition (4) is carried out; the C1 all simultaneous operation flow is a mode of all simultaneous operation of the working condition (2), the working condition (3) and the working condition (4); the operation of the three working condition flows A1, B1 and C1 is not influenced by whether the working condition (1) operates, day or night and weather conditions, but is determined according to the temperature of the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 and the temperature change of the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body 3; when the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is higher than the design temperature TL and the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is lower than 35 ℃, the working condition flow operates; when the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is lower than the design temperature TL, stopping the operation of the working condition flow; when the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is heated to about 35 ℃, the preheating period is ended.
The heat storage and supply hot water period is in a non-heating season, the main purpose of operation during the period is to store heat for the cross-season heat storage body 3, and then hot water is supplied, so that the purpose of cross-season energy storage of 'summer heat storage and winter supply' is realized, and the supplied hot water amount, hot water temperature and supplied time period are determined according to the following conditions: a: the system design provides thermal data of hot water, b: average solar irradiance in non-heating season, c: day of non-heating season, d: instant temperature of high temperature heat storage tank heat storage medium 24, e: the instant temperature of the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body is designed to be 90 ℃ for the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body 3.
The five independent operation working condition modes of the stage are working condition (1), working condition (2), working condition (3), working condition (4), working condition (6) and corresponding combined operation working condition modes, and the operation state of the working condition (1) is described in the normal stage of the preheating period and is not repeated here.
The heat storage and water supply period can have the following three working condition processes:
| name of the name | Working condition flow |
| D1 | The operation flow is sequentially from the working condition (2), the working condition (3), the working condition (6), the working condition (2), the working condition (3) and the working condition (4) |
| E1 | Working condition (2), working condition (3), working condition (6) and working condition (4) partial simultaneous operation flow |
| F1 | Operating procedures of working condition (2), working condition (3), working condition (6) and working condition (4) all run simultaneously |
The three working condition flows D1, E1 and F1 can be operated at any one according to the conditions of system equipment and local environment in the heat storage and water supply period, and the D1 sequential and item-by-item operation flow refers to a mode of carrying out the latter project after the former working condition is completed; e1 part of simultaneous operation flow is a mode that working condition (2), working condition (3) and working condition (6) are carried out simultaneously, and working condition (2), working condition (3) and working condition (6) are carried out again after being finished; f1 is a mode of all working conditions (2), (3), (6) and (4) running simultaneously, and the running of the three working conditions (D1, E1 and F1) is not affected by whether the working conditions (1) run, day or night and weather conditions, but is determined according to the temperature of the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, the temperature of the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the change of hot water volume and water pressure in the pressure-bearing water tank 7; when the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is higher than the design temperature TL and the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is lower than 90 ℃, the working condition flow operates; when the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2 is lower than the design temperature TL, stopping the operation of the working condition flow; when the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is heated to about 90 ℃ or the temperature of the heat storage working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 exceeds 75 ℃ and reaches a heating season, the heat storage and heat supply period is ended.
The heat storage heating water supply period is in a heating season, and is a core object of the invention, and the solar energy is used for heat storage across seasons, and simultaneously, the purposes of green, zero carbon emission, regeneration, high efficiency and low cost of heating a heating user side and supplying hot water to a hot water user side are realized, and the main purpose of operation in the period is to heat the heating user side, and the supplied hot water amount, hot water temperature and supplied time period are determined according to the following conditions: a: the system design provides thermal data of hot water, b: average solar irradiance in heating season, c: day of the heating season, d: instant temperature of high temperature heat storage tank heat storage medium 24, e: the instant temperature of the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body gives the cross-season heat storage body, the heat storage of the cross-season heat storage body 3 is required to be comprehensively determined according to the current heat storage quantity condition of the system and the condition of guaranteeing heating heat in a period of time, and the heat storage of the cross-season heat storage body 3 is generally not carried out in the initial stage of a heating season, and can be considered as appropriate from the final stage of the heating season.
The six independent operation working condition modes are also operated at the stage, namely working condition (1), working condition (2), working condition (3), working condition (4), working condition (5), working condition (6) and corresponding combined operation working condition modes, and the operation state of the working condition (1) is described in the normal stage of the preheating period and is not repeated here.
The heat storage, heating and hot water supply period can have the following 14 working condition processes:
| name of the name | Working condition flow | Temperature of water working medium in seasonal heat storage body 3 |
| G1 | Working condition (2) to (5) heating operation flow | ≥40℃ |
| H1 | Working condition (2) → (6) → (5) hot water heating operation flow | ≥55℃ |
| I1 | Operating flow of heating and heating from working condition (2) to (3) to (5) | ＜40℃ |
| J1 | Operating flow of heating water supply and heating under working conditions of (2), (3), (6), (5) | ＜40℃ |
| K1 | Operating flow of heating and heat storage from working condition (2) to (3) to (5) + (4) | ＜40℃ |
| L1 | Operating flow of heating hot water supply and heating heat storage under working conditions of (2) to (3) to (6) to (5) + (4) | ＜40℃ |
| M1 | Working condition (2) + (5) continuous heating operation flow | ≥40℃ |
| N1 | Continuous hot water supply and heating operation flow under working conditions (2) + (6) + (5) | ≥55℃ |
| O1 | Continuous heating operation flow of working conditions (2) + (3) + (5) | ＜40℃ |
| P1 | Operating flow of continuous heating hot water supply and heating under working conditions (2) + (3) + (6) + (5) | ＜40℃ |
| Q1 | Working condition (2) + (3) + (5) + (4) continuous heating heat supply and heat storage operation flow | ＜40℃ |
| R1 | Operating flow of continuous heating hot water supply heating and heat storage for working conditions (2) + (3) + (6) + (5) + (4) | ＜40℃ |
| S1 | Operating flow of continuous heating hot water supply, heat storage and heating under working conditions (2) + (3) + (6) + (4) + (5) | ＜40℃ |
| T1 | Working condition (2) + (3) + (6) + (4) + (5) + (4) continuous heating hot water supply heat storage, heat supply and heat storage operation flow | ＜40℃ |
For the purpose of the heat storage heating hot water supply period in heating season, four working condition flows of G1, M1, H1 and N1 can be generally operated at the initial stage of the heat storage heating hot water supply period, the heating water temperature is 40-45 ℃, the heating water temperature is 55-65 ℃, the temperature of the water working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is higher just after the heat storage hot water supply period is finished, the temperature of the water working medium is generally higher than the minimum requirement of heating (the heating requirement of different areas is different), or the temperature exceeds the minimum temperature requirement of the hot water to 55 ℃, so the heating hot water supply can be directly carried out according to actual conditions or after the temperature is reduced, the temperature reducing method of the temperature is as follows: the flow control valve 18 is opened, low-temperature water is conveyed into the water mixer 5 from the position of the external low-temperature water supply source 11 and is fully mixed with high-temperature water working medium in the heat supply end water tank 6, so that the water temperature of the heat supply end water tank 6 is ensured to be between 40 ℃ and 45 ℃ or between 55 ℃ and 65 ℃, and heating or hot water supply is realized; four working condition flows I1, O1, J1 and P1 can be generally operated in the middle stage of the heat storage, heating and hot water supply period, the temperature of the water working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 is generally lower than 40 ℃, and the water working medium needs to be heated, namely the working condition (3) needs to be started: the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature storage tank 2 is used for heating the water working medium in the heat supply end water tank 6 to a proper temperature and then supplying heat and hot water; at the end of the heat storage heating water supply period, six working condition flows of K1, Q1, L1, R1, S1 and T1 can be generally operated, and on the premise of ensuring heating water supply and hot water supply, heat can be properly stored in the cross-season heat storage body 3, namely, the working condition (4) needs to be started: the water return valve 17 of the heat supply end water tank 6 and the d and c ends of the four-way valve 19 are opened, so that the water working medium with higher temperature in the heat supply end water tank 6 flows into the cross-season energy storage body 3 from the water inlet 21, heat is stored in the cross-season energy storage body 3, and the specific working condition flow operation is selected at the beginning, middle and end of the heat storage and heating water supply period, the operation of the working condition flow is required to be determined according to the initial design requirement of the system, the condition of system equipment, the local environment condition and the actual use condition of a heat supply and hot water supply user, the operation of the working condition flow is not influenced by whether the working condition (1) operates, is in daytime or at night and the weather condition, the operation is only determined according to the temperature of the heat storage medium 24 of the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, the temperature of the working medium of the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the hot water quantity and the water pressure change in the pressure-bearing water tank 7, so that the working condition operation of the heat storage and heating water supply period in the heat storage and heating season is mainly aimed at guaranteeing heating, and no matter what working condition flow operation is adopted is the heating is centered, and the heating is performed, and the heating is performed in the heating heat supply according to the condition that the heat storage and the heat storage heat is left in a proper amount in the heating period at the time.
The temperature value of 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 55 ℃, 65 ℃ and 90 ℃ is a typical value, and the temperature can be adjusted according to actual conditions when the water heater is used specifically; the hot water supply temperature of 55-65 ℃ in the embodiment 1 can be selected to be consistent with the heating temperature of 40-45 ℃ according to the specific situation of the use place, and the working condition flow related to the working condition (6) is correspondingly simplified.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that: the heat exchange device 4 is arranged in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, so that a high-temperature medium conveying device II 13 is not required to convey a heat storage medium 24, the heat supply end water tank 6 is connected with the water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3 through the end a and the end c of the three-way valve 22 and the water pump I14, the heat exchange device 4 is connected with the heat supply end water tank 6 through a pipeline, the water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3 is connected with the end b and the end c of the three-way valve 22, the water working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 enters the heat exchange device 4 from the water pump I14 and the end b and the end c of the three-way valve 22, the heat exchange device 4 directly exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, and high-temperature water working medium is obtained to enter the heat supply end water tank 6, and therefore the water temperature of the heat supply end water tank 6 is increased; in addition, in the embodiment 2, five sets of temperature sensors (not shown in the figure), two sets of water level sensors (not shown in the figure), one pressure sensor (not shown in the figure), a controller (not shown in the figure) and an electric actuator (not shown in the figure), two pressure gauges (not shown in the figure), three safety valves (not shown in the figure) and two overflow ports (not shown in the figure) are further provided, the temperature sensors are respectively installed in the high temperature solar heat source 1, the high temperature heat storage tank 2, the cross-season heat storage body 3, the heat supply end water tank 6, the pressure-bearing water tank 7 for detecting internal temperatures and outputting temperature signals to the controller, the water level sensors are respectively installed in the cross-season heat storage body 3, the heat supply end water tank connection 6 for monitoring internal water volume positions, and transmitting data to the controller, the pressure sensors are installed in the pressure-bearing water tank 7 for monitoring water pressure and water volume, the pressure gauges are installed in the high temperature solar heat source 1 and the high temperature solar heat storage tank 2 and the pressure-bearing water tank 2, the electric heat storage tank is connected with the pressure sensors through a plurality of control cables, the electric water pump is connected with the control cable for receiving the control signal, the control cable is connected to the control device, the control device is connected to the control device, the overflow port is arranged at the place of the highest limit value of the liquid level of the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6 and is used for preventing the liquid level in the cross-season heat storage body 3 and the heat supply end water tank 6 from being too high and ensuring the normal operation of the system.
Embodiment 2 also includes six independent operation condition modes and a plurality of combined operation condition modes, wherein the initial period of system construction is a preheating period, and then the system construction is a state of alternately and circularly operating in a heat storage and water supply period and a heat storage and heating and water supply period, wherein the preheating period is divided into an initial period and a normal period, and three operation condition flows exist in the normal period of the preheating period; three working condition flows exist in the heat storage and hot water supply period; the heat accumulation heating water supply period has fourteen working condition flows, the principle and the process are the same as those of the embodiment 1, but the temperature sensor, the water level sensor, the pressure sensor, the controller and the electric actuator arranged in the embodiment 2 can realize automatic control of the system, and according to the temperature, the water level and the pressure in the system, the controller controls the electric actuator and the water pump to act, automatically controls the valve to open and close and control the flow, thereby ensuring that the system is at the required temperature, the water level and the pressure, and the safety valve and the overflow port can play the roles of automatically discharging and adjusting the liquid level under the condition that the controller and the electric actuator fail, and further improving the safety and the stability of the operation of the system.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, embodiment 3 differs from embodiment 1 in that: the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body 3 is soil 26, a buried pipe 23 is arranged in the soil 26, one end of the buried pipe 23 is a water intake 20, the other end of the buried pipe is a water inlet 21, the buried pipe 23 is uniformly distributed U-shaped pipes, heat exchange between the circulating liquid working medium and the soil 26 is facilitated, stainless steel, red copper, PE-RT materials or conventional PE materials can be adopted as the materials, and the cross-season heat storage body 3 is of a cover layer structure covered above the soil 26, so that heat preservation is facilitated.
Embodiment 3 also includes six independent operation condition modes and a plurality of combined operation condition modes, wherein the initial period of system construction is a preheating period, and then the system construction is a state of alternately and circularly operating in a heat storage and water supply period and a heat storage and heating and water supply period, wherein the preheating period is divided into an initial period and a normal period, and three operation condition flows exist in the normal period of the preheating period; three working condition flows exist in the heat storage and hot water supply period; fourteen working condition flows exist in the heat storage, heating and hot water supply period, and the principle and the process are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 4, embodiment 4 differs from embodiment 3 in that: the heat exchange device 4 is arranged in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, so that a high-temperature medium conveying device II 13 is not needed to convey the heat storage medium 24, the heat supply end water tank 6 is connected with the water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3 through the end a and the end c of the three-way valve 22 and the water pump I14, the heat exchange device 4 is connected with the heat supply end water tank 6 through a pipeline, the end b and the end c of the three-way valve 22 are connected with the water intake 20 of the cross-season heat storage body 3, the water working medium in the cross-season heat storage body 3 enters the heat exchange device 4 from the water pump I14 and the end b and the end c of the three-way valve 22, the heat exchange device 4 directly exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 24 in the high-temperature heat storage tank 2, and high-temperature water working medium is obtained to enter the heat supply end water tank 6, and accordingly the water temperature of the heat supply end water tank 6 is increased.
Embodiment 4 also includes six independent operation condition modes and a plurality of combined operation condition modes, wherein the initial period of system construction is a preheating period, and then the system construction is a state of alternately and circularly operating in a heat storage and water supply period and a heat storage and heating and water supply period, wherein the preheating period is divided into an initial period and a normal period, and three operation condition flows exist in the normal period of the preheating period; three working condition flows exist in the heat storage and hot water supply period; fourteen working condition flows exist in the heat storage, heating and hot water supply period, and the principle and the process are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The above description is illustrative of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications, changes or equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The cross-season heating and hot water supply system taking solar energy as the only heat supply source is characterized by comprising a high-temperature solar heat source (1), a high-temperature heat storage tank (2), a cross-season heat storage body (3), a heat exchange device (4), a water mixer (5), a heat supply tail end water tank (6), a pressure-bearing water tank (7), a hot water user end (8), a heat supply user end (9), a heat supply return pipe (10), an external low-temperature water source (11), a connecting pipeline, a plurality of sets of water pumps, a plurality of sets of high-temperature medium conveying equipment and a plurality of sets of valves;
The high-temperature solar heat source (1) is arranged at an outdoor position convenient for receiving sunlight, and is a device for collecting solar energy in a high-power condensation mode and enabling a heat transfer medium in the solar energy to obtain high-temperature heat energy;
the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) is connected with the high-temperature solar heat source (1) through a pipeline and a first high-temperature medium conveying device (12), is of a closed tank structure filled with heat storage medium, and is used for storing high-temperature heat energy collected from the high-temperature solar heat source (1) and obtained after heat exchange between the heat storage medium and is provided with a heat preservation structure;
the cross-season heat storage body (3) is buried in soil, is provided with a water intake (20) and a water inlet (21) and is respectively connected with a heat supply tail end water tank (6) through a pipeline, a water pump and a valve, and a heat storage working medium is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body (3) and is used for cross-season energy storage;
the heat exchange device (4) is respectively connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) and the heat supply end water tank (6) through pipelines and is used for converting the energy of the heat storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) into the heat of the water in the heat supply end water tank (6);
the water mixer (5) is arranged in the heat supply end water tank (6) and is used for adjusting the water temperature in the heat supply end water tank (6);
The heating terminal water tank (6) is arranged on the ground and is used for providing hot water with proper temperature and sufficient water quantity for a heating user terminal (9) and a hot water user terminal (8);
the pressure-bearing water tank (7) is connected with the heat supply end water tank (6) through a pipeline and a water pump and is used for providing hot water with pressure for the hot water user side (8);
the heating return pipe (10) is connected with the cross-season heat storage body (3) through a pipeline and a valve and is used for returning low-temperature water generated by heating to the cross-season heat storage body (3);
the external low-temperature water supply source (11) is respectively connected with the cross-season heat storage body (3) and the water mixer (5) through pipelines and valves and is used for supplying water to the cross-season heat storage body (3) and supplementing water and adjusting the water temperature in the water mixer (5);
the water pump is respectively arranged on a pipeline connected with the heat supply tail end water tank (6), the pressure-bearing water tank (7), the water intake (20) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) and the heat supply user end (9) and is used for conveying water media in the pipeline;
the high-temperature medium conveying equipment is arranged on a connecting pipeline for conveying the high-temperature solar heat source (1) and the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) and a connecting pipeline between the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) and the heat exchange device (4) and is used for conveying a heat transfer medium;
The valve is arranged on a system water conveying pipeline and used for switching the system operation mode and adjusting the water temperature and the water quantity.
2. The cross-season heating and water heating system with solar energy as a unique heat supply source according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange device (4) is installed inside a heat supply end water tank (6), the heat exchange device (4) is connected with a high-temperature heat storage tank (2) through a pipeline and a high-temperature medium conveying device II (13), the valve comprises a water return valve (17), a flow control valve (18) and a four-way valve (19), the water mixer (5) in the heat supply end water tank (6) is connected with an external low-temperature water source (11) through the flow control valve (18), the water return end of the heat supply end water tank (6) is connected with a water inlet (21) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) through d and c ends of the water return valve (17) and the four-way valve (19), the heat supply water return pipe (10) is connected with the water inlet (21) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) through b and c ends of the four-way valve (19), and the external low-temperature water source (11) is connected with the water inlet (21) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) through a and c ends of the valve (19).
3. The cross-season heating and water supply system with solar energy as a unique heat supply source according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange device (4) is installed inside the high-temperature heat storage tank (2), the heat exchange device (4) is connected with the heat supply end water tank (6) through a pipeline and a valve, the valve comprises a water return valve (17), a flow control valve (18), a four-way valve (19) and a three-way valve (22), the water mixer (5) in the heat supply end water tank (6) is connected with an external low-temperature water source (11) through the flow control valve (18), the water return end of the heat supply end water tank (6) is connected with the water inlet (21) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) through the water return valve (17) and the d and c end of the four-way valve (19), the heat supply return pipe (10) is connected with the water inlet (21) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) through the b and c end of the four-way valve (19), the external low-temperature water source (11) is connected with the water inlet (21) of the cross-season heat storage body (3) through a and c end of the four-way valve (19) and the three-way valve (21) is connected with the heat storage end water tank (4) through the water inlet (4) and the three-way valve (4) through the water inlet (21) and the three-way valve (4) and the water inlet (3) and the water inlet (21) and the three-way valve And the end c and the water pump are connected with a water intake (20) of the cross-season heat storage body (3).
4. The cross-season heating and hot water supply system with the solar energy as the only heat supply source according to claim 1 is characterized in that the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body (3) is water (25), and the cross-season heat storage body (3) is of a closed pond structure and is provided with an outer structural layer (3-1) and an inner leakage-proof layer (3-2).
5. The cross-season heating and hot water supply system with the solar energy as the only heat supply source according to claim 1 is characterized in that the heat storage working medium of the cross-season heat storage body (3) is soil (26), a ground buried pipe (23) is arranged in the soil (26), one end of the ground buried pipe (23) is a water intake (20), the other end of the ground buried pipe is a water inlet (21), the cross-season heat storage body (3) is of a cover layer structure covered above the soil (26), and the cross-season heat storage body is provided with an outer waterproof layer (3-3) and an inner heat preservation layer (3-4).
6. A cross-season heating and water supply system with solar energy as the sole heat supply source according to claim 1, characterized in that the high temperature heat storage tank (2) has an outer high strength structural layer (2-1), an intermediate heat preservation layer (2-2) and an inner high temperature resistant layer (2-3).
7. A trans-season heating and hot water supply system with solar energy as the only heat supply source according to claim 1, characterized in that the high temperature heat storage tank (2) is arranged inside the trans-season heat storage body (3).
8. The cross-season heating and hot water supply system with solar energy as the only heat supply source according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of groups of temperature sensors, a plurality of groups of water level sensors, a pressure sensor, a plurality of groups of pressure gauges, a controller, an electric actuator, a safety valve and an overflow port;
the temperature sensor is respectively connected with the high-temperature solar heat source (1), the high-temperature heat storage tank (2), the cross-season heat storage body (3), the heat supply tail end water tank (6), the pressure-bearing water tank (7), and the pipeline between the high-temperature solar heat source (1) and the high-temperature heat storage tank (2), and is used for detecting the internal temperature and outputting a temperature signal to the controller;
the water level sensor is respectively connected with the cross-season heat storage body (3) and the heat supply end water tank (6), and is used for monitoring the water volume positions in the cross-season heat storage body (3) and the heat supply end water tank (6) and transmitting the data to the controller;
the pressure sensor is connected with the pressure-bearing water tank (7) and is used for monitoring the water pressure and the water quantity in the pressure-bearing water tank (7) and transmitting data to the controller;
the pressure gauge is arranged on an input pipeline of the high-temperature solar heat source (1) and the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) and the pressure-bearing water tank (7) and is used for displaying the pressure conditions during the transmission of the heat transfer medium of the high-temperature heat storage tank (2) and in the pressure-bearing water tank (7);
The controller is connected with the temperature sensor, the water level sensor and the pressure sensor through cables, receives signals of the temperature sensor, the water level sensor and the pressure sensor, processes the signals and is also connected with the electric actuator and the water pump through cables, and sends instructions to the electric actuator and the water pump;
the electric actuator is used for receiving the instruction of the controller, is connected with a plurality of groups of valves through cables and controls the opening and closing of the valves and the flow rate;
the safety valve is assembled on the high-temperature heat storage tank (2), the heat supply tail end water tank (6) and the pressure-bearing water tank (7) and is a device for automatically discharging overpressure and guaranteeing the safety pressure of equipment;
the overflow port is arranged in the cross-season heat storage body (3) and the heat supply end water tank (6) and is used for preventing the liquid level in the cross-season heat storage body (3) and the heat supply end water tank (6) from being too high and ensuring the normal operation of the system.
9. The cross-season heating and hot water supply system with solar energy as the only heat supply source according to claim 1 is characterized in that more than one set of high-temperature heat storage tanks (2) are arranged in the cross-season heat storage body (3), and the system is provided with heat exchange devices (4), a water mixer (5), a heat supply tail end water tank (6), a pressure-bearing water tank (7), a hot water user end (8), a heating user end (9), a heating return pipe (10), an external low-temperature water source (11), a buried pipe, a connecting pipeline, a plurality of sets of water pumps, a plurality of sets of high-temperature medium conveying equipment, a plurality of sets of valves, a plurality of sets of temperature sensors, a plurality of sets of water level sensors, a plurality of sets of pressure gauges, a controller, an electric actuator, a safety valve and an overflow port.
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| CN110195935A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-03 | 中山市曼卡热能科技有限公司 | The included mixed energy-efficient furnace body of water coincidence pressure-bearing of one kind |
| CN113418308A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-21 | 唐山百川智能机器股份有限公司 | Cross-season solar high-temperature heat storage system and method |
| CN113390282A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-14 | 山东理工大学 | Solid-liquid combined heat storage method suitable for temperature-changing heat source |
| CN113340140B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-09-16 | 山东理工大学 | Cross-season solid-liquid combined heat storage method for reducing heat loss |
| CN114234266B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-03-31 | 重庆大学 | Method for adjusting and controlling cold and hot of house across seasons based on rock-soil thermal characteristics |
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