CN109601774A - A kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof, the reasonable nutritional ingredient distribution of this kind of method enables Ba Shayu to obtain better nutrition supply in the growth and development of adult fish stage;By the fermentative degradation before extruding, enable Ba Shayu that feed is preferably absorbed and utilized, improves the conversion ratio of feed;By the use of bacillus, Ba Shayu can preferably be promoted further to improve feed conversion rate to the digestion decomposition of feed, while also greatly improve the immunocompetence and aquatic environment of Ba Shayu.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique fields, and in particular to a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
Ba Shayu is the important freshwater aquiculture kind of country in Southeast Asia, with the speed of growth is fast, yield is high, lower oxygen concentration resistance, resists
The features such as sick power is strong, adaptable to aquatic environment, cultural technique is of less demanding, be current eating and drinking establishment's the Fish with Chinese Sauerkraut, Fish Filets in Hot Chili Oil,
The main food materials that fragrant fried fish, the baked fish of Western-style fried fish Ba, take off etc..Rapid growth with Ba Shayu in China terminal consumption market,
And the enormous profit that Vietnam bar shark obtains in China market, the domestic cultivation investment to Ba Shayu continue to increase, especially
The rapid emergence on the ground such as Guangxi, Guangdong and Hainan.
But it is irregular in quality, it is mainly reflected on meat, has plain boiled pork and yellow two kinds of meat, yellow meat is poor, valence
Lattice are low.Ba Shayu's is grown on that plain boiled pork rate is main and water quality, seed, especially related to feed.Existing bar of shark is raised at present
Material is all often expanded pellet diet, since component is complicated, granular size is uneven, extruding is made to be not enough or not enough uniformly, cause
Feed quality is poor, and then keeps Ba Shayu not ideal enough to the utilization rate of feed, while also resulting in the yellow meat rate liter of Ba Shayu
It is high.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, propose that a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation extruding is raised
Material and preparation method thereof, this kind of method effectively improve the feeding of Ba Shayu adult fish by the use of extruding primary fermentation degradation and mushroom
Expect conversion ratio.
A kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet proposed by the present invention, includes following component by mass parts, and domestic half is de-
13-21 parts of rouge fish meal, 18-22 parts of Strong flour, 1-5 parts of corn, 28-48 parts of the albumen dregs of rice, 1-4 parts of soya-bean oil, 2-6 parts of minerals,
0.6-0.9 parts of choline chloride, 1.35-2.25 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of multidimensional, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell meal, 5-15 parts of powder of pork, ferment
Female bacterium 1-3 parts, 1.5-1.5 parts of bacillus, 3-6 parts of compound amino acid, 3-9 parts of antioxidant and 0.2-0.9 parts of mould inhibitor.
Domestic half defatted fish flour, provides albumen and fat, which has quality reliable and stable, and freshness is good, and fishing powder is fragrant
The characteristics of taste is strong, and protein content is high, easily decomposes, easy to digest, easily absorbs, can effectively improve efficiency of feed utilization.
Strong flour provides cementitiousness.
Corn mainly provides energy, fiber and fat.
Soya-bean oil mainly provides energy, while also functioning to certain extruding wetting effect, has the function of wetting agent.
It is raw material that shrimp shell meal, which is made of using the by-product shrimp head of shrimps processing, shrimp shell etc., and the palatability of feed can be improved.
Powder of pork is yellowish-brown to sepia powder, and product meat-like flavor is dense, attractant is strong, good fluidity, amino acid ratio
Example balance, it is necessary to which amino acid content is high, vitamine B group rich content, and contains animal unknown growth factor, is good animal
Albumen source.
Minerals, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, choline chloride, multidimensional, VC ester mainly provide microelement, promote nutrient balance.
Further, the compound amino acid includes following component: 0.5-1 parts of leucine, lysine 0.5-1 by mass parts
Part, 0.5-1 parts of methionine, 0.5-1 parts of phenylalanine, 0.5-1 parts of arginine and 0.5-1 parts of histidine.
Further, the compound amino acid further includes isoleucine, threonine, valine and tryptophan.
Due to the growth phase in adult fish, each organ needs to reach as early as possible more perfect function in continuous growth and development
Can, to meet the adult fish phase, and the generation and conversion of the perfect mainly protein of the development of organ and function, it is clear that,
This stage needs a large amount of amino acid edible for adult fish, and especially fish body itself can not generate the essential amino acid of conversion, and fish
Class has now been found that 10 kinds of essential amino acids, is both needed to absorb from food, so carrying out essential amino acid in the feed of adult fish phase
Supplement be necessary.
Amino acid can promote absorption of the fish to calcium, and suitable content for increasing Dietary Lysine can be mentioned further
Absorption of the high fish to calcium, to reinforce the growth and development of spur, mechanism is that calcium can get up with the special low combination of protein, is constituted
Join calcium protein (CaBP), CaBP can play transmitting on intestinal mucosa, promote the absorption of calcium, and rely in CaBP containing a large amount of
Propylhomoserin, so the generation of CaBP will be reduced, and then reduce small intestine will to the absorption of calcium when lysine insufficiency of intake,
Conversely, the absorption of calcium will be promoted.
Since the component of feed can cause in feed with the difference of the factors such as the place of production, goods receiving time, processing technology
Amino acid content is also different, influences the stability of feed, so as to cause the influence grown to fish, the compound ammonia that is added in the present invention
Base acid can effectively in supplement feed deficiency.
Arginine is added in feed can be enhanced the resistance that adult fish stimulates stressor, and that reduces adult fish stress be anti-
It answers, such as bleeding and stops eating.
The disease resistance of fish body can be improved in tryptophan, and adult fish stage especially weaker in resistance can effectively increase
Add the content of gamma globulin, to reinforce generating the ability of antibody.
Glycine and alanine can be used as attractant in feed again simultaneously, while improving intake of the adult fish to feed
Nitrogen source can also effectively be supplemented.
The inhibiting effect grown due to chlorine to fish can be effectively relieved in arginine, when the chlorinity in fish meal is excessively high,
The growth of fish can be made to be suppressed, influence and weight gain, this is because lysine and arginine have an antagonism, and chlorine make it is this
Antagonistic effect is more obvious, strengthens, and arginine can effectively mitigate this antagonism just.
Further, the antioxidant includes following component: 1-3 parts of tealeaves, 1-3 parts of folium cortex eucommiae and ethyoxyl by mass parts
1-3 parts of quinoline beautiful jade.
Further, the preparation method of the natural inhibitor includes: and first mixes tealeaves and folium cortex eucommiae, and passes through Titian
Machine carries out that Titian is dry, and Titian temperature is 50-60 DEG C, and the Titian time is 2-3h, is sieved after Titian, after sieving with ethoxyquin beautiful jade
It mixes, obtains antioxidant.
Since Ba Shayu is ominivore-fish, so minced fillet is added in its feed can not only be high-quality in supplement feed
Albumen, at the same can also Ba Shayu adult fish can preferably absorb, be more applicable for the cultivation at adult fish initial stage.
Further, the albumen dregs of rice include following component: 15-22 parts of dregs of beans, 12-22 parts of rapeseed meal and sunflower by mass parts
3-4.5 parts of the seed dregs of rice.
Dregs of beans, rapeseed meal, sunflower seed dregs mainly provide albumen, substitute Partial Fish Meal, reduce formulation cost, promote amino acid
Balance.Wherein, when sunflower seed dregs additive amount is higher than 3%, plant anti-nutritional factors is excessively high, is unfavorable for Ba Shayu growth.
A kind of preparation method of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet, comprising the following steps:
(1), by domestic half defatted fish flour, Strong flour, corn, the albumen dregs of rice, minerals, choline chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, shrimp shell
It is crushed after powder and powder of pork mixing by micronizer, mixture A is obtained after sieving;
(2), saccharomycete and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture A, moisture is adjusted to 18-23%, carries out plastic film sealing and fermenting, hair
It carries out being dried to moisture 8-12% after ferment, obtains mixture B;
(3), soya-bean oil, multidimensional, compound amino acid, antioxidant and mould inhibitor are added in Xiang Suoshu mixture B and carries out secondary mixing, and
2-4h is stirred and evenly mixed in the container with ultraviolet disinfecting, obtains mixture C;
(4), by the mixture C carry out it is quenched after, carry out extrusion granulation, obtain feed granules;
(5), the bacillus deployed with flour is adhered into feed granules surface;
(6), the feed granules for being stained with bacillus are subjected to oil spout processing, it is swollen that a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation is obtained after cooling
Change feed.
The present invention carries out Concentrated fermentation processing to most of component before extruding, thus can be by the macromolecular in each component
Substance or the component for being not easy to be gelatinized further are degraded, and are reduced crude fiber content, are reduced the yellow of Ba Sha meat quality of fish
Rate;The digestibility for improving Ba Shayu simultaneously, increases probiotics, increases microelement, furthermore due to feed quilt bar
The digestibility of shark is high, its excreta is effectively reduced to the pollution level of water quality, and then improve aquatic environment, reduces
The case fatality rate of Ba Shayu.
By showing the adherency of progress bacillus in feed, makes it after consumption, more facilitate the digestion of Ba Shayu
It decomposes and absorbs, it is its important embodiment for generating a variety of digestive ferments that bacillus, which can improve breeding performonce fo animals,.Studies have shown that
Bacillus can generate a variety of digestive ferments, help digestion and absorption of the animal to nutriment.Bacillus has stronger albumen
Enzyme, amylase and lipase active, while also there is the enzyme of complex carbohydrates in degradation feed, such as pectase, glucan
Enzyme, cellulase etc., these enzymes can destroy the cell wall of plant feed cell, and the nutriment of cell is promoted to release,
And the anti-nutritional factors in feed can be eliminated, reduce the obstacle that anti-nutritional factors utilizes animal digestion.
Further, fermentation temperature described in step (2) is 45-55 DEG C, fermentation time 3-5d.
Further, Strong flour described in step (5) and the mass ratio of bacillus are 3-5:1.
Further, the feed granules particle size in step (4) is 6-11mm.
A kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet of the invention and preparation method thereof, the reasonable nutritional ingredient of this kind of method
Distribution, enables Ba Shayu to obtain better nutrition supply in the growth and development of adult fish stage;By the fermentative degradation before extruding,
Enable Ba Shayu that feed is preferably absorbed and utilized, improves the conversion ratio of feed;It, can be better by the use of bacillus
Promote digestion decomposition of the Ba Shayu to feed, further improve feed conversion rate, while also greatly improving bar
The immunocompetence and aquatic environment of shark.
Specific embodiment
For present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention.In addition, various changes or modification that those skilled in the art make the present invention, this
A little equivalent forms are equally fallen in the application range claimed.Proportion in the embodiment of the present invention is by weight.
Embodiment 1
(1), by 13 parts of domestic half defatted fish flour, 18 parts of Strong flour, 1 part of corn, 15 parts of dregs of beans, 12 parts of rapeseed meal, sunflower seed dregs 3
By super after part, 2 parts of minerals, 0.6 part of choline chloride, 1.35 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of shrimp shell meal and 5 parts of powder of pork mixing
Atomizer is crushed, and mixture A is obtained after sieving;
(2), 1 part of saccharomycete and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture A, moisture is adjusted to 18%, carries out plastic film sealing and fermenting, hair
Ferment temperature is 45 DEG C, fermentation time 3d, carries out being dried to moisture 8% after fermentation, obtains mixture B;
(3), 1 part of soya-bean oil, 0.2 part of multidimensional, 0.5 part of leucine, 0.5 part of lysine, methionine are added in Xiang Suoshu mixture B
0.5 part, 0.5 part of phenylalanine, 0.5 part of arginine, 0.5 part of histidine, 3 parts of antioxidant and 0.2 part of mould inhibitor carry out secondary mixed
It closes, and stirs and evenly mixs 2-4h in the container with ultraviolet disinfecting, obtain mixture C;The preparation method of antioxidant includes: elder generation
Tealeaves and folium cortex eucommiae are mixed, and Titian drying is carried out by fragrance extracting machine, Titian temperature is 50 DEG C, and the Titian time is 2h, Titian
After be sieved, after sieving with ethoxyquin beautiful jade mix, obtain antioxidant;
(4), by the mixture C carry out it is quenched after, carry out extrusion granulation, obtain feed granules, grain diameter size is
6mm;
(5), the bacillus deployed with flour is adhered into feed granules surface;
(6), the feed granules for being stained with bacillus are subjected to oil spout processing, it is swollen that a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation is obtained after cooling
Change feed.
Embodiment 2
(1), by 18 parts of domestic half defatted fish flour, 20 parts of Strong flour, 3 parts of corn, 18 parts of dregs of beans, 17 parts of rapeseed meal, sunflower seed dregs 4
Pass through ultra micro after part, 5 parts of minerals, 0.8 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of shrimp shell meal and 10 parts of powder of pork mixing
Pulverizer is crushed, and mixture A is obtained after sieving;
(2), 2 parts of saccharomycete and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture A, moisture is adjusted to 20%, carries out plastic film sealing and fermenting, hair
Ferment temperature is 50 DEG C, fermentation time 4d, carries out being dried to moisture 10% after fermentation, obtains mixture B;
(3), 3 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.2 part of multidimensional, 0.7 part of leucine, 0.7 part of lysine, methionine are added in Xiang Suoshu mixture B
0.8 part, 0.7 part of phenylalanine, 0.7 part of arginine, 0.7 part of histidine, 6 parts of antioxidant and 0.5 part of mould inhibitor carry out secondary mixed
It closes, and stirs and evenly mixs 3h in the container with ultraviolet disinfecting, obtain mixture C;The preparation method of antioxidant includes: first will
Tealeaves and folium cortex eucommiae mixing, and Titian drying is carried out by fragrance extracting machine, Titian temperature is 55 DEG C, and the Titian time is 2.5h, Titian
After be sieved, after sieving with ethoxyquin beautiful jade mix, obtain antioxidant;
(4), by the mixture C carry out it is quenched after, carry out extrusion granulation, obtain feed granules, grain diameter size is
8mm;
(5), the bacillus deployed with flour is adhered into feed granules surface;
(6), the feed granules for being stained with bacillus are subjected to oil spout processing, it is swollen that a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation is obtained after cooling
Change feed.
Embodiment 3
(1), by 21 parts of domestic half defatted fish flour, 22 parts of Strong flour, 5 parts of corn, 22 parts of dregs of beans, 22 parts of rapeseed meal, sunflower seed dregs
Lead to after 4.5 parts, 6 parts of minerals, 0.9 part of choline chloride, 2.25 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of shrimp shell meal and 15 parts of powder of pork mixing
It crosses micronizer to be crushed, mixture A is obtained after sieving;
(2), 3 parts of saccharomycete and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture A, moisture is adjusted to 23%, carries out plastic film sealing and fermenting, hair
Ferment temperature is 55 DEG C, fermentation time 5d, carries out being dried to moisture 12% after fermentation, obtains mixture B;
(3), 4 parts of soya-bean oil, 0.2 part of multidimensional, 1 part of leucine, 1 part of lysine, 1 part of methionine, benzene are added in Xiang Suoshu mixture B
1 part of alanine, 1 part of arginine, 1 part of histidine, 9 parts of antioxidant and 0.9 part of mould inhibitor carry out secondary mixing, and with ultraviolet
4h is stirred and evenly mixed in the container of sterilamp, obtains mixture C;The preparation method of antioxidant includes: first to mix tealeaves and folium cortex eucommiae
Close, and carry out by fragrance extracting machine that Titian is dry, and Titian temperature is 60 DEG C, the Titian time is 3h, be sieved after Titian, after sieving with second
Oxygroup quinoline beautiful jade mixes, and obtains antioxidant;
(4), by the mixture C carry out it is quenched after, carry out extrusion granulation, obtain feed granules, grain diameter size is
11mm;
(5), the bacillus deployed with flour is adhered into feed granules surface;
(6), the feed granules for being stained with bacillus are subjected to oil spout processing, it is swollen that a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation is obtained after cooling
Change feed.
Evaluation:
It is the domestic adult fish of certain brand by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, commercial diet 1 and commercial diet 2(commercial diet 1
Universal feed;Commercial diet 2 is certain brand import bar shark adult feedstuff, is fed suitable for the adult fish phase) it carries out feeding test, at
The fry of fish comes from Xiangshan County, Zhejiang Province Xiangshan gulf fry Breeding Center, and 92 age in days bar shark adult fishes, fish neat specification is disease-free
Vigor is good.
Feeding test method is, will be put into equal conditions bar shark adult fish, each experimental tank in 5 experimental tanks respectively
1000 are launched, throw-in density is 5/square metre, and condition of water quality is identical, and 24-30 DEG C of water temperature, depth of water 50cm feeds 2 daily
Secondary, when morning 9-10, when 4-5 in afternoon, is each primary, feeds 32 days, carries out dead fish at any time and pick up clearly, and count, it is (flat to carry out increment
), survival rate, plain boiled pork rate and feed coefficient (the lower the ratio of feed consumption and weight gain amount, numerical value the better) are examined
It surveys, testing result is shown in Table 1.
By table 2, it is apparent that the test result of the specific embodiment of the invention 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is high
In commercial diet 1, although with 2 gap of commercial diet of import be not it is very big, there is also certain advantage, while the application
The feed of offer has biggish cost advantage with respect to commercial diet 2, so the application has the stronger market advantage and practical
Prospect.
Exemplary illustration is carried out to the embodiment of the present invention above, but the content is only preferable implementation of the invention
Example, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.All the changes and improvements etc. of all application ranges according to the present invention,
It should all fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- The expanded pellet diet 1. a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish is fermented, it is characterised in that: include following component, domestic half degreasing fish by mass parts 13-21 parts of powder, 18-22 parts of Strong flour, 1-5 parts of corn, 28-48 parts of the albumen dregs of rice, 1-4 parts of soya-bean oil, 2-6 parts of minerals, chlorination 0.6-0.9 parts of choline, 1.35-2.25 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of multidimensional, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell meal, 5-15 parts of powder of pork, saccharomycete 1-3 parts, 1.5-1.5 parts of bacillus, 3-6 parts of compound amino acid, 3-9 parts of antioxidant and 0.2-0.9 parts of mould inhibitor.
- 2. a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound amino acid presses matter Measuring part includes following component: 0.5-1 parts of leucine, 0.5-1 parts of lysine, 0.5-1 parts of methionine, 0.5-1 parts of phenylalanine, essence 0.5-1 parts and histidine 0.5-1 parts of propylhomoserin.
- 3. a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the compound amino acid also wraps Include isoleucine, threonine, valine and tryptophan.
- 4. a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the antioxidant presses mass parts Include following component: 1-3 parts of tealeaves, 1-3 parts of folium cortex eucommiae and 1-3 parts of ethoxyquin beautiful jade.
- 5. a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the preparation side of the antioxidant Method includes: first to mix tealeaves and folium cortex eucommiae, and carry out by fragrance extracting machine that Titian is dry, and Titian temperature is 50-60 DEG C, when Titian Between be 2-3h, be sieved after Titian, mixed after sieving with ethoxyquin beautiful jade, obtain antioxidant.
- 6. a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the albumen dregs of rice press mass parts Include following component: 15-22 parts of dregs of beans, 12-22 parts of rapeseed meal and 3-4.5 parts of sunflower seed dregs.
- 7. a kind of preparation method of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, feature exist In: the following steps are included:(1), by domestic half defatted fish flour, Strong flour, corn, the albumen dregs of rice, minerals, choline chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, shrimp shell It is crushed after powder and powder of pork mixing by micronizer, mixture A is obtained after sieving;(2), saccharomycete and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture A, moisture is adjusted to 18-23%, carries out plastic film sealing and fermenting, hair It carries out being dried to moisture 8-12% after ferment, obtains mixture B;(3), soya-bean oil, multidimensional, compound amino acid, antioxidant and mould inhibitor are added in Xiang Suoshu mixture B and carries out secondary mixing, and 2-4h is stirred and evenly mixed in the container with ultraviolet disinfecting, obtains mixture C;(4), by the mixture C carry out it is quenched after, carry out extrusion granulation, obtain feed granules;(5), the bacillus deployed with flour is adhered into feed granules surface;(6), the feed granules for being stained with bacillus are subjected to oil spout processing, it is swollen that a kind of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation is obtained after cooling Change feed.
- 8. a kind of preparation method of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: step (2) Described in fermentation temperature be 45-55 DEG C, fermentation time 3-5d.
- 9. a kind of preparation method of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: step (5) Described in Strong flour and the mass ratio of bacillus be 3-5:1.
- 10. a kind of preparation method of Ba Shayu adult fish fermentation expanded pellet diet as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: step (4) the feed granules particle size in is 6-11mm.
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CN201911050221.9A CN110637946A (en) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-10-31 | Floating expanded compound feed composition suitable for basha fish and preparation method thereof |
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CN110637946A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-01-03 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Floating expanded compound feed composition suitable for basha fish and preparation method thereof |
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CN110637946A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-01-03 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Floating expanded compound feed composition suitable for basha fish and preparation method thereof |
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