CN109601235A - A kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of Coastal Areas of South China - Google Patents
A kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of Coastal Areas of South China Download PDFInfo
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- CN109601235A CN109601235A CN201910105268.4A CN201910105268A CN109601235A CN 109601235 A CN109601235 A CN 109601235A CN 201910105268 A CN201910105268 A CN 201910105268A CN 109601235 A CN109601235 A CN 109601235A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forests of Coastal Areas of South China, the radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest includes 4 parts, it is constructed since littoral zone is from flood tide water level line 400m-800m, land is taken to from seashore is followed successively by first part's sparseness structure shrub band, second part ventilation structure high forest band, Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills forest belt, Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, sparseness structure of the present invention, ventilation structure, tight structure mixing application, improve traditional windbreak single structure, keep typhoon operating path more complicated by resistance, front end dispelling wind, typhoon is dredged building and the less high-altitude of mankind's activity as far as possible by ventilation structure, near-earth surface wind-force, which continues dredging by sparseness structure, finally to be stopped by tight structure, protect windbreak internal pair production, life activity, reduce typhoon loss.The invention windproof structure is more reasonable, and protection effect is more preferably.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural fields, belong to windbreak constructing technology, in particular to a kind of Coastal Areas of South China is based on township
The saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of native plant.
Background technique
China becomes one of serious country of typhoon disaster in the world with 7 Landed Typhoons every year on average, especially with pearl
River delta is that China developed area-Coastal Areas of South China of representative is China by typhoon influence most serious, most frequent
Area.According to statistics 2017 typhoon " day dove " cause 46.8 ten thousand people of Guangdong Province disaster-stricken, 119.2 hundred million yuan of direct economic loss, give
Cause direct economic loss 2.6 hundred million in the provinces such as Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou；Although governments at all levels took the precautionary measures early in 2018,
But typhoon " mangosteen " still causes 42.49 hundred million direct economic loss of Guangdong Province, causes 9.51 hundred million yuan of other province economic losses.
Wherein main cause is that windbreak dispelling wind choke is ineffective.Original windbreak trees single variety, be easy by
Pest and disease damage influences, and most of is tight structure, and violent typhoon causes direct or indirect economic loss by be easy to causeing damage.
With economic development, Coastal Areas of South China littoral zone is excessively developed, and especially real estate industry, various industrial parks are gradually to seashore
Propulsion or even marine reclamation land cause original windbreak to destroy.Each real estate and industrial park periphery mostly replace windbreak with afforestation forest,
Introduce a large amount of adventitious plants during construction, it is not only at high cost but also do not adapt to coastal region soil salinization environment, also without
Method plays radix saposhnikoviae resistance wind action.And original windbreak mode can not provide ornamental value function for each real estate center and industrial park
Energy.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a kind of wide varietyization not only to have adapted to Coastal Areas of South China saline-alkali tolerant characteristic but also while having
There is the Novel wind-proof woods of ornamental value, economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of floristics diversifications, adapt to Coastal Areas of South China soil salinization ring
Border has both the windproof Landscape Forest of windproof, ornamental value, economy.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China based on indigenous plant, the radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest include 4 portions
Point, constructed since littoral zone is from flood tide water level line 400m-800m, from seashore take to land be followed successively by first part dredge it is saturating
Structure shrub band, second part ventilation structure high forest band, Part III sparseness structure Qiao filling forest belt, Part IV choke are close
Structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, in which:
1) first part's sparseness structure shrub band: successively by 40m wide rattan grass and 6 distance between rows and hills 1.5m, row from seashore to inland
It is formed away from 2.5m shrub zone；
2) second part ventilation structure high forest band: by 6 distance between rows and hills 4m, the arbor mixed forest of line-spacing 5m is constituted；
3) Part III sparseness structure Qiao fill forest belt: from second part ventilation structure high forest take up successively by shrub zone,
Tree zone, shrub zone composition；Intermediate tree zone is 4 distance between rows and hills 3m, and line-spacing 4m arbor mixed forest is constituted, and both sides shrub zone is respectively by 4
Every trade is constituted away from 2m, spacing in the rows 1.5m shrub mixed forest；
4) Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt: successively by Qiao from Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills forest belt
The wooden band, shrub zone, draft band composition；By 6 distance between rows and hills 3m, line-spacing 4m arbor is constituted tree zone, wherein shrub zone by 2 every trades away from
2m, spacing in the rows 1.5m shrub composition, draft bandwidth 20m.
Preferably, in first part's sparseness structure shrub band building, rattan grass selects bay bean, thick boisiana, saddle rattan, vacation
One or more of thick boisiana, glasswort, shrub zone select horse-tail, Chinese tamarisk interlacing plantation.
It is highly preferred that rattan grass selects bay bean, thick boisiana, glasswort in first part's sparseness structure shrub band building
One or more of.
Preferably, in the second part ventilation structure high forest band building, arbor selection trunk is higher, crown type is sparse
Arbor, specifically, arbor select coconut, oil palm, palm, gomuti palm tree, fishtail palm, Archontophoenix alexandrae Wendl et Orude, cat tail tree, two kinds in Phoenix sylvestris
The above interlacing mixing plant.
It is highly preferred that arbor selects coconut, oil palm, palm, fish in the second part ventilation structure high forest band building
Two or more interlacing in tail certain herbaceous plants with big flowers mix plant.
Preferably, Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills in the building of forest belt, and the arbor selection trunk of tree zone is medium, is preced with
Arbor of the type compared with ventilation；Specifically, arbor selects Indian beech, Qiu Feng, red cypress, bright and beautiful leaf Lan Ren, leaflet Lan Ren, duhat, falls
Plumage China fir, Korean pine, artocarpus heterophyllus, crape myrtle, the two or more mixed plantings in wide yulan；The shrub of shrub zone select yellow the moon, ilexrotunda,
Two or more mixing plants during Ligustrum vicaryi, purple Ye Nvzhen, Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum, photinia glabra, flame are wooden；The shrub zone on both sides is identical
Or it is different.
It is highly preferred that Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills in the building of forest belt, arbor selects autumn maple, bright and beautiful leaf Lan Ren, purple
Two or more mixed plantings in common vetch, wide yulan；Two during the yellow the moon of shrub selection, ilexrotunda, Ligustrum vicaryi, the flame of shrub zone are wooden
Kind or more mixing plant；The shrub zone on both sides is identical or different.
Preferably, in the building of Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, the arbor selection crown type of tree zone is close
Stuffy arbor, specifically, arbor select Ormosia pinnata, water Shi Rong, big Ficus lyrata, crape myrtle, high mountain banyan, one in red Barringtonia speciosa
Kind or two or more mixing plant.Shrub select Ligustrum vicaryi, purple Ye Nvzhen, Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum, photinia glabra, two kinds in flame tree
The above mixing plant.Herbaceous plant selects Monstera deliciosa, arrow plumage awns, seat grass, cattail and reed, silver-colored side American aloe, floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide, coloured silk Ye Shanjiang
One or more of combination.
It is highly preferred that the arbor of tree zone selects Hainan red in the building of Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt
The mixing plant of one or more of beans, water Shi Rong, crape myrtle, red Barringtonia speciosa.Shrub select Ligustrum vicaryi, Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum,
Two or more mixing plants in photinia glabra.Herbaceous plant select Monstera deliciosa, arrow plumage awns, silver-colored side American aloe, in floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide
One or more combination.
Preferably, Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt earth's surface all uses Bermuda grass, Korea lawn grass, Manila grass
By 1:1:1 mixed seeding.
Preferably, first part's sparseness structure shrub band, second part ventilation structure high forest band, Part III are dredged
Saturating structure Qiao fills forest belt, Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, every two parts midfeather 5m；Every part difference is planted
Object interband interval 4m.
In the present invention, selected plant is south China native soil wind resistant plant.Each each plant band in part is mixed to hand over plant species
Selection selects flowering time, blade profile, leaf color different tree species as far as possible.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) sparseness structure of the present invention, ventilation structure, tight structure mixing application, improve traditional windbreak single structure, make
Typhoon operating path is more complicated by resistance, front end dispelling wind, ventilation structure as far as possible by typhoon dredge building and mankind's activity compared with
Few high-altitude, near-earth surface wind-force, which continues dredging by sparseness structure, finally to be stopped by tight structure, protection windbreak internal pair production,
Life activity reduces typhoon loss.The invention windproof structure is more reasonable, and protection effect is more preferably.
2) South China indigenous plant is applied, mixed forest is taken, high survival rate, pest and disease damage is few, and especially first part is all
Plant is to improve traditional defense Linne saline alkali difference feature in the common saline-alkali tolerant indigenous plant in south China seabeach, can prevent platform
Wind, which carries impact wave, influences shelter-forest.To save the cost to greatest extent, major economic value and ecological environment valence are generated
Value.
3) all plant species are all wind resistance tree species, prevent to hurt sb.'s feelings after windbreak is lodged by typhoon smashed, damage property, avoid
Directly or indirectly economic loss has potential age deduction and social value.
4) mode is combined using tall shrub, sufficiently uses color leafed plants and flowering plant, by different patterns, leaf color,
Leaf, crown type makes visually landscape band, and ornamental value is met while guaranteeing wind resistance, improves traditional windbreak ornamental value
The feature of difference, can preferably be applied to major littoral zone real estate center, industrial park, ecological park etc., be people's spiritual construction
It contributes, there is huge market potential.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
The present invention is a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China based on indigenous plant, in company project item
Mesh-Shaoguan Ma Ba people's livelihood engineering (south China Advanced Equipment industrial park) (abbreviation Shaoguan engineering) is implemented, and specific implementation includes:
1) greenery patches section selection is temporarily covered in Shaoguan engineering from mid-August, 2017 meet prevailing wind direction, apart from flood tide water level line
1 kilometer of 500m, length wide littoral zone construct a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China based on indigenous plant, until
In early September, 2017 building finishes, and all Qiao's shrub Survival rate of nursery stock, all insemination and emergence rates 90% are considered as building and complete, until
In September, 2018 passes through 1 year maintenance basic forming.
2) first part's sparseness structure shrub band plants the sea 10m covering at starting building, and immediately extra large covering plants 30m
Width is by the rattan straw cord mixed at random with thick boisiana and bay bean, and starting at rattan straw cord 4m, 6 row horse-tails of plantation, Chinese tamarisk are mixed
Spinney band, spacing in the rows 1.5m, line-spacing 2.5m are handed over, mixed patterns are horse-tail, the mixed friendship of Chinese tamarisk interlacing.
3) second part ventilation structure high forest band successively plants 2 rows at first part's sparseness structure shrub band 5m
Coconut, 2 row oil palms, 2 row fishtail palms, spacing in the rows 4m, line-spacing 5m.
4) Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills forest belt, is planting 2 rows at second part ventilation structure high forest band 5m
Ilexrotunda, 2 row Huang cicada are as shrub zone, line-spacing 2m, spacing in the rows 1.5m；2 row brocade leaves are planted after the 4m of interval pulls the wide yulan work of 2 row of Renhe
For tree zone, spacing in the rows 3m, line-spacing 4m；2 row flame wood and 2 row Ligustrum vicaryis are planted as shrub zone, line-spacing 2m, strain after the 4m of interval
Away from 1.5m.
5) Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt is filling kind at the 5m of forest belt apart from Part III sparseness structure Qiao
Plant 2 row Ormosia pinnatas, 2 row water Shi Rong, 1 row crape myrtle, the red Barringtonia speciosa of 1 row, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows 3m, as Part IV tree zone；
1 row Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum, 1 row purple leaf glossy privet are planted as shrub zone, line-spacing 2m, spacing in the rows 1.5m after the 4m of interval；It is risen apart from shrub zone 4m,
Draft band first plants 1m wide floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide, and floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide plants seeding row spacing 20cm × 20cm, needs every 10 ㎡ according to design for aesthetic
Irregularly intersperse 1 clump of arrow plumage awns, every 20 ㎡ is irregularly interspersed between 1 plant of Monstera deliciosa or 1 plant of silver side American aloe of association；Finally from the 4th
Part section start starts to broadcast sowing the grass-seed mixed by Bermuda grass, Korea lawn grass, Manila grass by 1:1:1, and upcountry extends, and always spreads
Broadcast width 46m.
Coastal Areas of South China of the present invention meets this after constructing in real time based on the saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of indigenous plant
Project design esthetic requirement, by Party A's favorable comment consistent with the local masses.The typhoon of in September, 2018 " mangosteen " mistake Shaoguan border, this is anti-
First part of protecting a forest is flooded by tidewater, after water-break, nearly all survives.Only Part III has part arbor, shrub branch by platform
Windbreak is disconnected, compares that traditional windbreak is undermined to be substantially reduced.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of Coastal Areas of South China based on indigenous plant, it is characterised in that: the radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest
It including 4 parts, is constructed since littoral zone is from flood tide water level line 400m-800m, takes land to from seashore and be followed successively by
A part of sparseness structure shrub band, second part ventilation structure high forest band, Part III sparseness structure Qiao fill forest belt, the 4th
Divide choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, in which:
1) first part's sparseness structure shrub band: successively by 40m wide rattan grass and 6 distance between rows and hills 1.5m, line-spacing from seashore to inland
2.5m shrub zone composition；
2) second part ventilation structure high forest band: by 6 distance between rows and hills 4m, the arbor mixed forest of line-spacing 5m is constituted；
3) Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills forest belt: taking up successively from second part ventilation structure high forest by shrub zone, arbor
Band, shrub zone composition；Intermediate tree zone is 4 distance between rows and hills 3m, and line-spacing 4m arbor mixed forest is constituted, and both sides shrub zone is respectively by 4 every trades
Away from 2m, spacing in the rows 1.5m shrub mixed forest is constituted；
4) Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt: successively by arbor from Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills forest belt
Band, shrub zone, draft band composition；By 6 distance between rows and hills 3m, line-spacing 4m arbor is constituted tree zone, wherein shrub zone by 2 every trades away from 2m,
Spacing in the rows 1.5m shrub composition, draft bandwidth 20m.
2. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China according to claim 1 based on indigenous plant, special
Sign is: in first part's sparseness structure shrub band building, rattan grass selects bay bean, thick boisiana, saddle rattan, false thick boisiana, sea
One or more of fluffy son, shrub zone select horse-tail, Chinese tamarisk interlacing plantation；Preferably, the first part dredges saturating
In the building of structure shrub band, rattan grass selects one or more of bay bean, thick boisiana, glasswort.
3. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China according to claim 1 based on indigenous plant, special
Sign is: in the second part ventilation structure high forest band building, the arbor selection arbor that trunk is higher, crown type is sparse, and tool
Body, arbor select coconut, oil palm, palm, gomuti palm tree, fishtail palm, Archontophoenix alexandrae Wendl et Orude, cat tail tree, in Phoenix sylvestris it is two or more every
Row mixing plant；Preferably, in the building of second part ventilation structure high forest band, arbor select coconut, oil palm, palm,
Two or more interlacing in fishtail palm mix plant.
4. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China according to claim 1 based on indigenous plant, special
Sign is: Part III sparseness structure Qiao fills in the building of forest belt, and the arbor selection trunk of tree zone is medium, crown type is relatively divulged information
Arbor；Specifically, arbor selects Indian beech, Qiu Feng, red cypress, bright and beautiful leaf Lan Ren, leaflet Lan Ren, duhat, bald cypress, red
Pine, artocarpus heterophyllus, crape myrtle, the two or more mixed plantings in wide yulan；The shrub of shrub zone selects yellow the moon, ilexrotunda, gold leaf female
Two or more mixing plants in chastity, purple Ye Nvzhen, Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum, photinia glabra, flame wood；The shrub zone on both sides is identical or not
Together；Preferably, in Part III sparseness structure Qiao filling forest belt building, arbor selects autumn maple, bright and beautiful leaf Lan Ren, crape myrtle, wide jade
Two or more mixed plantings in orchid；It is two or more during the yellow the moon of shrub selection, ilexrotunda, Ligustrum vicaryi, the flame of shrub zone are wooden
Mixing plant；The shrub zone on both sides is identical or different.
5. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China according to claim 1 based on indigenous plant, special
Sign is: in the building of Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, the arbor of tree zone selects crown type closely stuffy Qiao
Wood, specifically, arbor select one or both of Ormosia pinnata, water Shi Rong, big Ficus lyrata, crape myrtle, high mountain banyan, red Barringtonia speciosa
The above mixing plant.Shrub selects Ligustrum vicaryi, purple Ye Nvzhen, Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum, photinia glabra, two or more mixing in flame tree
Plant.Herbaceous plant selects one of Monstera deliciosa, arrow plumage awns, seat grass, cattail and reed, silver-colored side American aloe, floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide, color leaf Alpinia japonica
Or two or more combinations；Preferably, in the building of Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, the arbor of tree zone selects sea
The mixing plant of one or more of southern red bean, water Shi Rong, crape myrtle, red Barringtonia speciosa.Shrub selects Ligustrum vicaryi, safflower Loropetalum
Two or more mixing plants in wood, photinia glabra.Herbaceous plant select Monstera deliciosa, arrow plumage awns, silver-colored side American aloe, in floral leaf trachelospermum jasminoide
One or more kinds of combinations.
6. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae landscape of the Coastal Areas of South China according to claim 1-5 based on indigenous plant
Woods, it is characterised in that: Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt earth's surface all uses Bermuda grass, Korea lawn grass, Manila grass
By 1:1:1 mixed seeding.
7. a kind of saline-alkali tolerant radix saposhnikoviae Landscape Forest of the Coastal Areas of South China according to claim 6 based on indigenous plant, special
Sign is: first part's sparseness structure shrub band, second part ventilation structure high forest band, Part III sparseness structure are tall
Fill forest belt, Part IV choke tight structure Qiao's shrub forest belt, every two parts midfeather 5m；Between every part difference plant interband
Every 4m.
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| CN111296146A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-19 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Composite ecological windbreak for repairing vegetation on sea island windward slope |
| CN111296146B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-07 | 自然资源部第三海洋研究所 | Composite ecological windbreak for repairing vegetation on windward slope of island and building method thereof |
| CN114375750A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-22 | 广州华苑园林股份有限公司 | Rapid construction method of coastal windproof sand-fixing salt-tolerant landscape community |
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