CN109596529A - A kind of Optical coherence tomography and method based on fiber array parallel detecting - Google Patents
A kind of Optical coherence tomography and method based on fiber array parallel detecting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种基于光纤阵列并行探测的光学相干层析系统及方法，其中系统包括：光源，用于发出照明光；参考臂，用于生成探测相干信号所需的参考光；采样臂，用于传导照明光至样品并接收信号光，由光纤阵列和光学成像系统组成；其中，光纤阵列包括主光纤和外围光纤束，中心主光纤传输照明光和接收低频信号光，外围光纤束接收高频信号光；探测臂，用于接收由光纤阵列的信号光和参考臂的参考光形成的多通道相干信号；计算机，对所述多通道相干信号进行处理，重构出横向超高分辨的光学相干层析图像。本发明的系统能够对同一扫描位置同时进行多次测量，可以获得超高的横向分辨能力，提高系统的信噪比。
The invention discloses an optical coherence tomography system and method based on parallel detection of optical fiber arrays, wherein the system comprises: a light source for emitting illumination light; a reference arm for generating reference light required for detecting coherent signals; a sampling arm for It is used to conduct illumination light to the sample and receive signal light, and is composed of an optical fiber array and an optical imaging system; wherein, the optical fiber array includes a main optical fiber and a peripheral optical fiber bundle, the central main optical fiber transmits the illumination light and receives low-frequency signal light, and the peripheral optical fiber bundle receives high-frequency signal light. Signal light; the detection arm is used to receive the multi-channel coherent signal formed by the signal light of the optical fiber array and the reference light of the reference arm; the computer is used to process the multi-channel coherent signal and reconstruct the optical coherence of lateral super-resolution Tomographic images. The system of the invention can simultaneously perform multiple measurements on the same scanning position, can obtain ultra-high lateral resolution capability, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging Technology fields, are based on fiber array parallel detecting more particularly to one kind
Optical coherence tomography and method.
Background technique
Optical coherence tomography has the characteristics that non-contact, quick and high s/n ratio, particularly suitable for biological tissue
Structure imaging, glass panel Inner Defect Testing etc..In optical coherence tomography, the optical imaging moieties of sampling arm are determined
The transverse spatial resolution for determining whole system is influenced by lateral resolution and the mutual restricting relation of the depth of field.It is entire in order to guarantee
The lateral resolution capability of imaging depth range is consistent, and the numerical aperture of optical imaging moieties is typically small.This leads to optical coherence
The lateral resolution capability of chromatographic imaging system is relatively low, limits the expansion of its Xiang Geng great application range.
It, must be from the optical imaging moieties of sampling arm in order to improve the transverse spatial resolution of Optical coherence tomography
Start with.Most straightforward approach is exactly to improve the numerical aperture of optical imaging moieties, and system can obtain high transverse spatial resolution,
But the imaging depth range of system is substantially reduced.This is referred to as optical coherence microscopy.It, should since imaging depth range is less than normal
The axial image taking speed of technology is partially slow.Phase between amplitude, phase and the polarization state for considering axial focused light distribution and light beam
When mutual relation, optical imaging system can control light field by mask design appropriate, obtain the narrower point of central peak width
Spread function.Based on this characteristic, Ding Zhihua et al. proposes the optical ultra-discrimination method of path encoding and optics coherence tomography, makes optics
Coherent tomographic system obtains high transverse spatial resolution.But the production of this method needs very accurately compile by path encoding beam splitting
Code device.In addition, the path encoding beam splitter of amplitude type causes optical energy utilization efficiency relatively low, the path encoding beam splitter of phase type is easy
Lead to stronger secondary lobe, and the path encoding beam splitter of polarization-type only plays a role in high NA focus system.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of optics based on fiber array parallel detecting
Coherent tomographic system and method.
A kind of Optical coherence tomography based on fiber array parallel detecting, comprising:
Light source, for issuing illumination light；
Reference arm, for reference light needed for generating detection coherent signal；
Sampling arm for conductive illumination light to sample and receives signal light, is made of fiber array and optical imaging system；
Wherein, fiber array includes main fiber and peripheral fiber optic bundle, and center main fiber transmits illumination light and receives low frequency signal light, periphery
Fiber optic bundle receives high-frequency signal light；
Feeler arm, for receiving the relevant letter of multichannel formed by the signal light of fiber array and the reference light of reference arm
Number；
Computer handles the multichannel coherent signal, reconstructs the optical coherence tomography of lateral super-resolution
Image.
Preferably, single-mode polarization maintaining fiber connection light source, reference arm, sampling arm and feeler arm；The light that light source issues is by first
Fiber coupler is divided into two-way；Light enters reference arm all the way, the reverse transfer after collimation lens and reflecting mirror in reference arm；Separately
Enter sampling arm all the way and illuminates sample.
Wherein, the reference light of reverse transfer by the first fiber coupler guide probe arm the second fiber coupler, by
Two fiber couplers decompose the reference optical port of fibre coupler arrays, the signal light in each channel in reference light and fiber array
Feeler arm is accessed by fibre coupler arrays.
Being connected in single-mode polarization maintaining fiber between the light source and the first fiber coupler prevents the first of reverse transfer
Fibre optic isolater；The second light for preventing reverse transfer is connected in single-mode polarization maintaining fiber between first fiber coupler and sampling arm
Fiber isolator.
Preferably, each branch of the fiber array places an optical fiber polarization controller, adjusts each channel coherent signal
Contrast.
Preferably, fiber array is made of the main fiber and peripheral annular arrangement fiber optic bundle for being located at center, optical fiber array
Column are located at the rounded arrangement in one end of sampling arm.
Preferably, each channel is corresponded in feeler arm has corresponding detector, separately detect each channel coherent signal when
Domain information or frequency domain information.
A kind of optical coherence tomography method based on fiber array parallel detecting, comprising the following steps:
1) light that light source issues is divided into two-way through fiber coupler, enters reference arm all the way, enters the master of sampling arm all the way
Optical fiber；Illumination light into main fiber projects sample by sampling arm, and the sampled arm of sample backscatter signal light is by optical fiber array
Column, which receive, imports feeler arm；Feeler arm is imported after into the light reflection of reference arm；After the reference light and signal light in each channel are relevant
It is received by corresponding detector, imports computer and carry out signal processing；
2) each fiber port and main fiber port are determined in the spatial position of sampling arm according to optical fiber each in fiber array
The corresponding effective point spread function of peripheral optical fiber, is moved to that main fiber is corresponding to be had by the effective point spread function of relative sample arm
It imitates at point spread function, there is system to imitate point spread function by being superimposed all effective point spread function generations；
3) sample is scanned by control sampling arm (3), each channel corresponds to the two dimension or three-dimensional structure that detector obtains sample
Information；
4) Fourier transformation is carried out along depth direction to each channel coherent signal time-domain information of acquisition or frequency domain information,
The signal in each channel is transformed into spatial domain；
5) spatial-domain information of all peripheral optical fiber corresponding channels is superimposed with the spatial-domain information of main fiber corresponding channel,
Then be averaged according to all port numbers, recycle step 2) in the system effective point spread function that obtains carry out it is lateral anti-
Convolution algorithm finally reconstructs the optical coherence tomography image of lateral super-resolution.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
In system, sampling arm introduces fiber array, and center main fiber transmits illuminating bundle, and entire fiber array receives sample
Product are scanned the backscatter signal in region；The other end of fiber array is received by every optical fiber by fibre coupler arrays
Sample signal light refers to optical coupling with corresponding；Reference light assigns to one end of corresponding light fibre coupler array through 1 × N coupler；
The coherent signal light in each channel is received by corresponding single point detector or spectral detector.
In method, the three-dimensional real value interference light spectrogram that system obtains can be expressed as Sn(r, k), wherein r is indicated laterally
Space coordinate, k indicate wave number space coordinate, and subscript n indicates channel number.Sn(r, k) makees Fourier transformation along the direction k, obtains
To the corresponding spatial-domain information A of each Measurement channeln(r, z), wherein z indicates deep space coordinate.All channel space domains are believed
Breath superposition is averaged, and measurement image to be processed is obtainedWherein N indicates overall channel number.Root
According to fiber array in the arranging situation of sampling arm, the corresponding sampling arm imaging system effective point spread function of center main fiber can be with
It is expressed as hc(x, y), the corresponding sampling arm imaging system effective point spread function of i-th optical fiber in periphery are represented by hi(x,y)。
By translating the corresponding effective point spread function of peripheral every optical fiber to the corresponding position of central optical fiber, these available points are spread
Function superposition can obtain system effective point spread functionWherein xiAnd yi
Indicate position offset of peripheral i-th optical fiber with respect to central optical fiber.Finally utilize M (r, z) and heffThe deconvolution of (x, y) is transported
Calculate the optical coherence tomography image for reconstructing lateral super-resolution, i.e. I (r, z)=dev (M, heff), wherein dev indicates deconvolution
Operation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) the parallel detecting mode for passing through fiber array can obtain the scattering letter of more high frequencies in same scanning area
Number；Using the system effective point spread function deconvolution intermediate image of synthesis, the high-frequency signal obtained in measurement can be restored, obtained
Obtain high lateral resolution optical coherent tomographic image.
2) it is measured simultaneously by the n times to same scan position, more signal lights can be obtained；Data processing utilizes
Summation is averaged, and can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Optical coherence tomography figure based on fiber array parallel detecting in the present invention.
In Fig. 1: 1, light source；2, reference arm；3, sampling arm；4, feeler arm；5, computer；6, the first fibre optic isolater；7,
First fiber coupler；8, the second fiber coupler；9, the second fibre optic isolater；10, fiber array；11, optical imaging system；
12, fibre coupler arrays；13, optical fiber polarization controller group；14, sample.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to this.
A kind of Optical coherence tomography based on fiber array parallel detecting, basic structure is as shown in Figure 1, include light source
1, reference arm 2, sampling arm 3, feeler arm 4 and computer 5；Wherein feeler arm 4 is by fiber array 10, optical imaging system 11 and light
Beam scanning device composition；Fiber array 10 uses circular arrangement in one end of feeler arm, and main fiber is located at center, optical fiber array
The other end of column connects corresponding optical fiber polarization controller group 13, then the incoming fiber optic together with the fiber optic bundle of transmission reference light first
Coupler array 12, the optical fiber exported from fibre coupler arrays 12 are arranged in line style；Reference arm 2 includes collimation lens and reflection
Mirror provides the reference light for generating coherent signal；Feeler arm 4 is by detector array and data groups of acquisition units at detection array can
To be made of simple detector or spectral detector；Computer receives system detectable signal and carries out relevant treatment, according to data
Acquisition rate issues light beam scan control signal, shows the high lateral resolution optical coherence tomography image of reconstruct；First optical fiber
Isolator 6 and the second fibre optic isolater 7 are individually insulated the optical signal along optical fiber reverse transfer and enter light source and reference signal；First
Fiber coupler is 2 × 2 type structures, and the second fiber coupler is 1 × N type junction structure.
The partially coherent light that light source issues is after the first fibre optic isolater 6, into the first fiber coupler 7, by the first light
The light that light source issues is divided into two-way by fine coupler 7；Light enters reference arm 2 all the way, reversely passes after collimated lens and reflecting mirror
It is defeated, the other end of the first fiber coupler 7, the second fiber coupler 8 of guide probe arm are entered back into, and reference light is decomposed
The reference optical port of fibre coupler arrays 12；Another way light first enters sampling arm through the second fibre optic isolater 9, through fiber array
10 center main fiber and optical imaging system 11 transmission, forms illumination region inside sample 14, when light beam is swept in sampling arm 3
Imaging apparatus receives the control information of computer sending, and illuminating bundle realizes scanning in sample, available sample it is two-dimentional or
Three-dimensional information；Sample backscatter signal light respectively enters fiber array through optical imaging system 11, and every optical fiber becomes signal
The channel of light；After optical fiber polarisation of every road signal light through connecting with optical fiber controls to adjust, fibre coupler arrays 12 are entered back into
Signal optical port；Every road signal light and reference light import feeler arm 4 by the output end of fiber coupler group；Light relatively in feeler arm
Every road coherent signal of fine coupler array output has a detector, when domain optical coherence tomography signals are measured at that time, visits
Surveying device is single point detector；When domain optical coherence tomography signals are measured, detector is spectral detector or balance detection
Device；After the received all coherent signals of feeler arm are converted, input computer is handled and is analyzed, and reconstructs lateral superelevation point
The optical coherence tomography image distinguished.
The present embodiment illustrates by taking spectral domain optical coherence tomography signals as an example, but not local in this.One kind being based on fiber array
The optical coherence tomography method of parallel detecting, specifically includes the following steps:
1) according to optical fiber each in fiber array in the spatial position of sampling arm, determine the corresponding sampling arm of center main fiber at
As system effective point spread function can be expressed as hc(x, y), the corresponding sampling arm imaging system available point of i-th optical fiber in periphery
Spread function can be write as hiThe corresponding effective point spread function of peripheral optical fiber is moved to the corresponding available point of main fiber by (x, y)
At spread function, by being superimposed generation system effective point spread function heff(x, y), i.e. system effective point spread function:
X in formulaiAnd yiIndicate peripheral i-th optical fiber with respect to center
The position offset of optical fiber.
2) by control 3 scanning means of sampling arm, each channel corresponds to detector and obtains the two dimension for combining sample or three-dimensional knot
Structure information, the then three-dimensional real value interference light spectrogram that system obtains each channel can be expressed as Sn(r, k), wherein r indicates laterally empty
Between coordinate, k indicate wave number space coordinate, subscript n indicate channel number；
3) Fourier transformation is carried out along depth direction to each channel coherence spectrum domain information of acquisition, the signal in each channel is turned
Spatial domain is changed to, then the corresponding spatial-domain information A of each Measurement channeln(r, z), wherein z indicates deep space coordinate；
4) spatial-domain information of all peripheral optical fiber corresponding channels is superimposed with the spatial-domain information of main fiber corresponding channel,
Then it is averaged according to overall channel number, then obtains measurement image to be processedWherein N is indicated
Overall channel number；
5) the system effective point spread function h obtained in 1) is recycledeff(x, y) carries out laterally measurement image M (r, z)
De-convolution operation, i.e. I (r, z)=dev (M, heff), wherein dev indicates de-convolution operation, finally reconstructs lateral superelevation point
The optical coherence tomography image distinguished.
The foregoing is merely preferable implementation examples of the invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, it is all in spirit of that invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Optical coherence tomography based on fiber array parallel detecting characterized by comprising
Light source (1), for issuing illumination light；
Reference arm (2), for reference light needed for generating detection coherent signal；
Sampling arm (3) for conductive illumination light to sample and receives signal light, by fiber array (10) and optical imaging system
(11) it forms；Wherein, fiber array (10) includes main fiber and peripheral fiber optic bundle, and center main fiber transmits illumination light and receives low
Frequency signal light, peripheral fiber optic bundle receive high-frequency signal light；
Feeler arm (4), for receiving the multichannel phase formed by the signal light of fiber array (10) and the reference light of reference arm (2)
Dry signal；
Computer (5) handles the multichannel coherent signal, reconstructs the optical coherence tomography figure of lateral super-resolution
Picture.
2. the Optical coherence tomography as described in claim 1 based on fiber array parallel detecting, which is characterized in that single mode
Polarization maintaining optical fibre connects light source (1), reference arm (2), sampling arm (3) and feeler arm (4)；
The light that light source (1) issues is divided into two-way by the first fiber coupler (7)；Light enters reference arm (2) all the way, through reference arm
(2) reverse transfer after the collimation lens and reflecting mirror in；Another way enters sampling arm (3) illumination sample.
3. the Optical coherence tomography as claimed in claim 2 based on fiber array parallel detecting, which is characterized in that reversed
The reference light of transmission by the first fiber coupler (7) guide probe arm (4) the second fiber coupler (8), by the second optical fiber coupling
Clutch (8) decomposes the reference optical port of fibre coupler arrays (12), the letter in each channel in reference light and fiber array (10)
Number light passes through fibre coupler arrays access feeler arm (4).
4. the Optical coherence tomography as claimed in claim 2 based on fiber array parallel detecting, which is characterized in that light source
(1) the first fibre optic isolater for preventing reverse transfer is connected in the single-mode polarization maintaining fiber between the first fiber coupler (7)
(6)；The second light for preventing reverse transfer is connected in single-mode polarization maintaining fiber between first fiber coupler (7) and sampling arm (3)
Fiber isolator (9).
5. the Optical coherence tomography as described in claim 1 based on fiber array parallel detecting, which is characterized in that described
The each branch of fiber array (10) places an optical fiber polarization controller, adjusts the contrast of each channel coherent signal.
6. the Optical coherence tomography as claimed in claim 5 based on fiber array parallel detecting, which is characterized in that optical fiber
Array (10) is made of the main fiber and peripheral annular arrangement fiber optic bundle for being located at center, and fiber array is located at sampling arm (3)
The rounded arrangement in one end.
7. the Optical coherence tomography as described in claim 1 based on fiber array parallel detecting, which is characterized in that detection
Corresponding to each channel in arm (4) has corresponding detector, separately detects the time-domain information or frequency domain letter of each channel coherent signal
Breath.
8. a kind of optical coherence tomography method based on fiber array parallel detecting, which comprises the following steps:
1) light that light source issues is divided into two-way through fiber coupler, enters reference arm all the way, enters the main fiber of sampling arm all the way；
Illumination light into main fiber projects sample by sampling arm, and the sampled arm of sample backscatter signal light is received by fiber array
Import feeler arm；Feeler arm is imported after into the light reflection of reference arm；It is corresponding after the reference light and signal light in each channel are relevant
Detector receive, import computer carry out signal processing；
2) according to optical fiber each in fiber array in the spatial position of sampling arm, determine that each fiber port and main fiber port are opposite
The corresponding effective point spread function of peripheral optical fiber is moved to the corresponding available point of main fiber by the effective point spread function of sampling arm
At spread function, there is system to imitate point spread function by being superimposed all effective point spread function generations；
3) sample is scanned by control sampling arm (3), each channel corresponds to the two dimension or three-dimensional structure information that detector obtains sample；
4) Fourier transformation is carried out along depth direction to each channel coherent signal time-domain information of acquisition or frequency domain information, it will be each
The signal in channel is transformed into spatial domain；
5) spatial-domain information of all peripheral optical fiber corresponding channels is superimposed with the spatial-domain information of main fiber corresponding channel, then
It is averaged according to all port numbers, recycle step 2) the lateral deconvolution of the middle system effective point spread function progress obtained
Operation finally reconstructs the optical coherence tomography image of lateral super-resolution.
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| CN109620134A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-16 | 浙江大学 | Microangiography method and system based on the detection of fiber array multi-channel parallel |
| CN111089545A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 深圳市太赫兹科技创新研究院有限公司 | Multi-probe scanning imaging system |
| CN113450342A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-28 | 福州大学 | Biological tissue contour imaging method based on optical coherence tomography |
| CN113940631A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-01-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical coherence tomography system |
| CN114322749A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 西安工业大学 | Super-resolution digital holography measurement device and method based on array light source |
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