CN109595044A - 一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置 - Google Patents

一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置 Download PDF

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CN109595044A
CN109595044A CN201811443637.2A CN201811443637A CN109595044A CN 109595044 A CN109595044 A CN 109595044A CN 201811443637 A CN201811443637 A CN 201811443637A CN 109595044 A CN109595044 A CN 109595044A
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温小飞
孙潇潇
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Abstract

本发明公开一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,包括气体收集箱和蒸汽箱,气体收集箱上下端分别设有进气口和出气口,气体收集箱内置吸热管,蒸汽箱上端箱壁上开设有蒸汽孔,底部设有排水管,吸热管的进出口均设有与气体收集箱外部,吸热管出口端连接出液管,该出液管与蒸汽箱连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱上方,出液口设有管头,管头上均设圆孔,该管头前方设有连接于蒸汽箱顶壁的网板。本发明采用沸腾冷却方式使冷却水气化吸热,便于余热回收的同时对柴油机产生的尾气进行处理。

Description

一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置
技术领域
本发明属于余热回收技术领域,具体涉及一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置。
背景技术
当今能源问题已经成为经济发展中一个头等重要的问题,船舶是能量消耗巨大的运输工具,高能耗一方面使船舶运行成本增加,另一方面也带来了严重的环境问题。现有柴油机冷却余热回收系统几乎均采用冷却水循环冷却,进出水温度维持在80-95℃之间,冷却水处于非沸腾状态。该系统按冷却水循环的零部件主要有水泵、机油冷却器(冷却机油)、空压机、增压器、气缸体(或气缸套)、气缸盖、节温器、散热器、水箱及连接冷却管路等。其中水泵为循环动力源,节温器控制大小循环,散热器将冷却水从机油冷却器(冷却机油)、空压机、增压器、气缸体(或气缸套)、气缸盖带来热量散发,维持系统温度稳定。但是,现有冷却系统所带走的余热并未以任何方式加以利用,而是直接散发到大气中,造成能量流失。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,采用沸腾冷却方式使冷却水气化吸热,便于余热回收的同时对柴油机产生的尾气进行处理。
本发明为实现上述目的所采取的技术方案为:一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,包括气体收集箱和蒸汽箱,气体收集箱上下端分别设有进气口和出气口,气体收集箱内置吸热管,蒸汽箱上端箱壁上开设有蒸汽孔,底部设有排水管,吸热管的进出口均设有与气体收集箱外部,吸热管出口端连接出液管,该出液管与蒸汽箱连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱上方,出液口设有管头,管头上均设圆孔,该管头前方设有连接于蒸汽箱顶壁的网板。网板网孔为菱形,本发明将柴油机产生的尾气收集进气体收集箱内利用其高温气体对气体收集箱内的吸热管内的液体进行加热处理,吸收尾气的热量,并将加热的液体排放至蒸汽箱内利用高温液体产生水蒸气,通过蒸汽来驱动蒸汽箱连接的蒸汽发电机进行发电对船体上的照明装置进行供电,通过设计出液管与蒸汽箱连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱上方将吸收大量热量待释放的热液放置蒸汽箱内使该液体气化形成水蒸气为蒸汽发电机提供充足动力,在出液管的管头上均设圆孔细化喷射出的水体增加水体与空气接触面积,提高气化速度同时在管头前方设置网板进一步细化水体增大水体与空气的接触面积,柱状水体在经过网孔为菱形的网板时,水体面积被扩大,增大蒸汽分解率,延长水体在空中停留时间,同降低水体冲击造成的分呗。
进一步的,吸热管进口端连接有三通管,该三通管另两端口分别连接排水管和进水管,该排水管上设有阀门。三通管的设置可实现对在蒸汽箱内散热完成的水体继续利用使其进入气体收集箱内进行吸热工作实现资源循环利用,进水管可对水体量不足时补入水体满足蒸汽发电所需。
进一步的,出气口连接有压气机,压气机连接有气管。利用压气机对出气口形成吸力避免出气口堵塞同时提高气体在后续管道中的流动速度以提高效率。
进一步的,蒸汽箱内设有蛇形气管,该蛇形气管进气口连接气管,出气口连接烟囱。将流出气体收集箱内的气体进一步的在蒸汽箱内流动二次利用气体热量避免温度过高的柴油机尾气向外排放。
进一步的,气体收集箱为桶状,桶底内凹,内凹截面为梯形状,内凹区与气体收集箱箱壁形成截面为三角状的容置区。柴油机产生的高温尾气被收集进其他收集箱内后其流经吸热管将热量大部分释放至吸热管内的液体中并且向下流动,通过设计的容置区缩小出气口的大小,气流在到达容置区时气流遇阻流线改变延长气流向出口流出的流线,即延长气流在容置区内的停留时间,并且当大量气流聚集到容置区内时在容置区形成高压区,气压在容置区瞬时升高可产生电子的雪崩效应,实现尾气中的部分成分离子化来使电子、正负离子箱电极运动并与尾气中的颗粒物碰撞实现吸附作用促使尾气中的颗粒物被截留在容置区内壁面降低排放尾气中的颗粒物含量过高对空气造成的污染。
进一步的,吸热管呈折弯状由气体收集箱上部向下延伸,相邻吸热管间距为3-7cm,该吸热管截面为竖直设置椭圆状。相比于截面为圆形的管体,采用椭圆状吸热管减小气流沿吸热管流动的阻力降低气流冲击产生的噪音,解决气流在向下流动过程中与管体下方的接触面积减小的问题,同时增大气体向下流动过程中与吸热管接触面积提高吸热管内的液体对气体热量的吸收利用
进一步的,蒸汽箱的蒸汽孔与蒸汽发电机连接。通过蒸汽来驱动蒸汽箱连接的蒸汽发电机进行发电对船体上的照明装置进行供电。
进一步的,气体收集箱内箱壁表面涂覆有耐腐蚀涂层,通过耐腐蚀涂层来提高气体收集箱内壁对柴油机产生的尾气的气体腐蚀性能和耐冲击、耐磨效果。
采用防腐涂料通过涂覆形成耐腐蚀涂层,该涂料由如下成分及重量份组成:水100-170份、滑石粉1-15份、无水乙醇6-8份、乳化剂钛白粉3-5份、乙氧基二乙二醇醚6-9份、铁太粉4-8份、颜料4-6份、水性环氧树脂27-43份、固化剂3-5份、羟基氧化镍3-5份。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:本发明将柴油机产生的尾气收集进气体收集箱内利用其高温气体对气体收集箱内的吸热管内的液体进行加热处理,吸收尾气的热量,并将加热的液体排放至蒸汽箱内利用高温液体产生水蒸气,通过蒸汽来驱动蒸汽箱连接的蒸汽发电机进行发电对船体上的照明装置进行供电,通过设计出液管与蒸汽箱连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱上方将吸收大量热量待释放的热液放置蒸汽箱内使该液体气化形成水蒸气为蒸汽发电机提供充足动力。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置的示意图;
图2为尾气在气体收集箱内的流动示意图;
图3为图1中的a部局部放大图;
图4为尾气流经吸热管的流动示意图。
附图标记说明:1.气体收集箱;11.进气口;12.容置区;13.出气口;2.吸热管;21.三通管;22.出液管;23.管头;3.压气机;31.气管;4.阀门;5.排水管;6.蛇形气管;7.蒸汽箱;701.蒸汽孔;702.网板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图,对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
除非另有其它明确表示,否则在整个说明书和权利要求书中,术语“包括”或其变换如“包含”或“包括有”等等将被理解为包括所陈述的元件或组成部分,而并未排除其它元件或其它组成部分。
如图1-4所示,一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,包括气体收集箱1和蒸汽箱7,气体收集箱1上下端分别设有进气口11和出气口13,气体收集箱1内置吸热管2,蒸汽箱7上端箱壁上开设有蒸汽孔701,底部设有排水管5,吸热管2的进出口均设有与气体收集箱1外部,吸热管2出口端连接出液管22,该出液管22与蒸汽箱7连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱7上方,出液口设有管头23,管头23上均设圆孔,该管头23前方设有连接于蒸汽箱7顶壁的网板702。网板702网孔为菱形,本发明将柴油机产生的尾气收集进气体收集箱1内利用其高温气体对气体收集箱1内的吸热管2内的液体进行加热处理,吸收尾气的热量,并将加热的液体排放至蒸汽箱7内利用高温液体产生水蒸气,通过蒸汽来驱动蒸汽箱7连接的蒸汽发电机进行发电对船体上的照明装置进行供电,通过设计出液管22与蒸汽箱7连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱7上方将吸收大量热量待释放的热液放置蒸汽箱7内使该液体气化形成水蒸气为蒸汽发电机提供充足动力,在出液管22的管头23上均设圆孔细化喷射出的水体增加水体与空气接触面积,提高气化速度同时在管头前方设置网板702进一步细化水体增大水体与空气的接触面积,柱状水体在经过网孔为菱形的网板702时,水体面积被扩大,增大蒸汽分解率,延长水体在空中停留时间,同降低水体冲击造成的分呗。
吸热管2进口端连接有三通管21,该三通管21另两端口分别连接排水管5和进水管,该排水管5上设有阀门4。三通管21的设置可实现对在蒸汽箱7内散热完成的水体继续利用使其进入气体收集箱1内进行吸热工作实现资源循环利用,进水管可对水体量不足时补入水体满足蒸汽发电所需。
出气口13连接有压气机3,压气机3连接有气管31。利用压气机3对出气口13形成吸力避免出气口13堵塞同时提高气体在后续管道中的流动速度以提高效率。
蒸汽箱7内设有蛇形气管6,该蛇形气管6进气口连接气管31,出气口连接烟囱。将流出气体收集箱1内的气体进一步的在蒸汽箱7内流动二次利用气体热量避免温度过高的柴油机尾气向外排放。
气体收集箱1为桶状,桶底内凹,内凹截面为梯形状,内凹区与气体收集箱1箱壁形成截面为三角状的容置区12。柴油机产生的高温尾气被收集进其他收集箱1内后其流经吸热管2将热量大部分释放至吸热管2内的液体中并且向下流动,通过设计的容置区缩小出气口的大小,气流在到达容置区12时气流遇阻流线改变延长气流向出口流出的流线(流线图如图2所示),即延长气流在容置区12内的停留时间,并且当大量气流聚集到容置区12内时在容置区形成高压区,气压在容置区12瞬时升高可产生电子的雪崩效应,实现尾气中的部分成分离子化来使电子、正负离子箱电极运动并与尾气中的颗粒物碰撞实现吸附作用促使尾气中的颗粒物被截留在容置区12内壁面降低排放尾气中的颗粒物含量过高对空气造成的污染。
吸热管2呈折弯状由气体收集箱1上部向下延伸,相邻吸热管2间距为5cm,该吸热管2截面为竖直设置椭圆状。相比于截面为圆形的管体,采用椭圆状吸热管2减小气流沿吸热管2流动的阻力降低气流冲击产生的噪音,解决气流在向下流动过程中与管体下方的接触面积减小的问题,同时增大气体向下流动过程中与吸热管2接触面积提高吸热管2内的液体对气体热量的吸收利用
蒸汽箱7的蒸汽孔701与蒸汽发电机连接。通过蒸汽来驱动蒸汽箱7连接的蒸汽发电机进行发电对船体上的照明装置进行供电。
气体收集箱1内箱壁表面涂覆有耐腐蚀涂层,通过耐腐蚀涂层来提高气体收集箱1内壁对柴油机产生的尾气的气体腐蚀性能和耐冲击、耐磨效果。该耐腐蚀涂层采用如下工艺制备而成:
组分A制备:取一定重量份的水、滑石粉、无水乙醇、乳化剂低速磁力搅拌,15-40转每分,搅拌5-10min,再加入钛白粉、乙氧基二乙二醇醚、铁太粉、颜料分散处理20min;
组分B制备,取一定重量份的水性环氧树脂加入固化剂、羟基氧化镍后搅拌处理30min,再加入总量不大于7%的水处理,静置20min;
混合:将A、B组分磁力搅拌,60-80转每分,搅拌处理15min,得耐腐蚀涂料,将该涂料涂覆于气体收集箱1内箱壁,在205-210℃的烘烤温度下烘烤15min得耐腐蚀涂层,本发明通过将涂料分组制备并且在制备过程中通过加入羟基氧化镍来增强环氧基团与胺氢接触几率来提高固化速度,来保证固化反应,提高交联密度实现所得涂料的附着力和耐磨性能的提升,而在制备A组分过程中通过调配钛白粉、乙氧基二乙二醇醚、铁太粉等的使用成分及用量来提高涂料体系的稳定系,避免在涂料制备过程出现浮色或絮凝的现象。
经测试该涂层的附着力为1级,硬度为H,耐冲击为60Kg·cm,耐烟雾性297h。
实施例2:
本发明的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置实际工作时:利将气体收集箱1的进气口11与柴油机尾气排放口连接或利用抽气泵直接抽取气体进入进气口11,在尾气进入气体收集箱1的同时在吸热管2内输入液体,例如水,使液体在吸热管2内流动对尾气热量吸收后排放至蒸汽箱7内,将吸收大量热量待释放的热液放置蒸汽箱7内使该液体气化形成水蒸气为蒸汽发电机提供充足动力,并且未完全气化的液体进入排水管5内并再次进入吸热管2内,从气体收集箱1内排出的尾气也流经蒸汽箱7内的蛇形气管对液体进行二次加热。
本发明的装置中的现有设备应为本领域技术人员知晓,并且其可由市场购买所得,例如本发明所采用的压气机为品牌:普瑞格斯,型号为PGA15-0.22的高压空气压缩机,其余现有部件不在详细一一赘述,例如蛇形气管等应为本领域技术人员所知晓的部件。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,包括气体收集箱(1)和蒸汽箱(7),其特征在于:
气体收集箱(1)上下端分别设有进气口(11)和出气口(13),气体收集箱(1)内置吸热管(2),
蒸汽箱(7)上端箱壁上开设有蒸汽孔(701),底部设有排水管(5),
吸热管(2)的进出口均设有与气体收集箱(1)外部,吸热管(2)出口端连接出液管(22),该出液管(22)与蒸汽箱(7)连接且出液端设于蒸汽箱(7)上方,出液口设有管头(23),管头(23)上均设圆孔,该管头(23)前方设有连接于蒸汽箱(7)顶壁的网板(702)。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:吸热管(2)进口端连接有三通管(21),该三通管(21)另两端口分别连接排水管(5)和进水管,该排水管(5)上设有阀门(4)。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:出气口(13)连接有压气机(3),压气机(3)连接有气管(31)。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:蒸汽箱(7)内设有蛇形气管(6),该蛇形气管(6)进气口连接气管(31),出气口连接烟囱。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:气体收集箱(1)为桶状,桶底内凹,内凹截面为梯形状,内凹区与气体收集箱(1)箱壁形成截面为三角状的容置区(12)。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:吸热管(2)呈折弯状由气体收集箱(1)上部向下延伸,相邻吸热管(2)间距为3-7cm,该吸热管(2)截面为竖直设置椭圆状。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:蒸汽箱(7)的蒸汽孔(701)与蒸汽发电机连接。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种船舶主机废气余热照明装置,其特征在于:气体收集箱(1)内箱壁表面涂覆有耐腐蚀涂层。
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