CN109591783A - Vehicle brake temperature control device - Google Patents
Vehicle brake temperature control device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109591783A CN109591783A CN201811472846.XA CN201811472846A CN109591783A CN 109591783 A CN109591783 A CN 109591783A CN 201811472846 A CN201811472846 A CN 201811472846A CN 109591783 A CN109591783 A CN 109591783A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T5/00—Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vehicle brake temperature control device, vehicle brake temperature control device includes temperature detecting unit, control unit, temperature control feedback unit and result output module, and temperature detecting unit is used to detect the brake hull-skin temperature information of vehicle；Control unit is used to receive relevant parameter information, road environment parameter information and the brake hull-skin temperature information of vehicle and brake, and obtains the temperature variation of brake operation temperature information and vehicle in braking process；Temperature control feedback unit carries out cooling treatment to the brake of vehicle in the case of brake operation temperature information reaches set temperature threshold value for receiving brake operation temperature information；As a result output module displays temperature variable quantity.At low cost, practicability of the invention and feasibility is high, implementation result is good, can real-time monitoring temperature and timely early warning during vehicle braking, prevention brake temperature is excessively high, to reduce brake temperature intelligent monitoring and the cooling device of accident rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle safety monitoring and cooling systems, fill especially with regard to a kind of vehicle brake temperature control
It sets.
Background technique
Highway goods transportation is one of modern transportation major way, main conveyance of the lorry as highway goods transportation
One of.Currently, during Freight Transport, there are still some unstable vehicle safety factors, such as: slipping of clutch, clutch
Device is shaken, brake wear and brake temperature are excessively high, easily causes brake failure problem etc., therefore solve Freight Transport
Some vehicle safety problems in the process are particularly necessary.
In recent years, the reason of traffic accident occurs for lorry in analysis, brake failure occupies the 90% of mechanical breakdown
More than.According to investigations, 2014, larger and ratings above commerial vehicle driving accident caused by colliding played several and death toll, point
The 73.3% and 70% of annual total amount is not accounted for, rises 3.9% and 3.2% on year-on-year basis.Wherein, by brake, this safety factor is caused
Traffic accident have reached 3%, analyze its reason and essentially consist in: in the process of moving, brake overheating leads to brake to vehicle
Failure.
Freight truck the long descending section of mountain highway when driving, because of frequently braking or continuous braking, make brake load
Increase, is extremely easy to appear heat fading phenomenon, to influence brake performance, the braking distance of vehicle is caused to greatly increase, it is right
Service brake is brought greater impact safely.Therefore, study brake temperature rise situation, to brake-shoe facing temperature information into
Row real time monitoring, and facing temperature information is passed into driver in time, facing temperature is controlled in driving safety
Temperature is hereinafter, effectively reduce the appearance of brake efficiency heat fading phenomenon, to guarantee that brake has enough systems in braking
Dynamic efficiency, is of great significance to the freight truck equipped with brake.
Currently, the research and calculating of the temperature about brake are under conditions of test or in certain application conditions
Lower progress, and can not reflect the practical application working environment and condition of brake.Substantially, brake operation is various
Environment is difficult the simulation for carrying out meeting physical condition under the conditions of.Moreover, carrying out the research of the temperature of brake and calculating can also
It is related to founding mathematical models, whens founding mathematical models inevitably carries out certain letter in derivation process to mathematical model
Change, but result obtained but need to add up again for complicated model, this mode also lacks effective practicability.Into one
Step ground, it is many that the partial brake device being newly transformed can also have that installation is inconvenient, larger to vehicle remoulding, at high cost, reliability is low etc.
Disadvantage is difficult to promote and apply.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of vehicle brake temperature control devices to overcome or at least mitigate the prior art
At least one of drawbacks described above.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of vehicle brake temperature control device, the vehicle brake temperature control dress
It sets including temperature detecting unit, control unit, temperature control feedback unit and result output module, wherein the temperature detecting unit
For detecting the brake hull-skin temperature information of vehicle, and export；Described control unit is used to receive vehicle and brake
Relevant parameter information, road environment parameter information and the brake hull-skin temperature information, and obtain brake operation temperature
The temperature variation of information and vehicle in braking process is spent, and is exported；The temperature control feedback unit is for receiving the system
Dynamic device operational temperature information, and to the system of vehicle in the case of the brake operation temperature information reaches set temperature threshold value
Dynamic device carries out cooling treatment；The result output module receives the temperature variation and is shown.
Further, described control unit includes parameter input module and data computation module, wherein the vehicle and system
Relevant parameter information, road environment parameter information and the brake hull-skin temperature information for moving device are defeated via the parameter
Enter module and is input to the data computation module；It is equipped with following formula (1) in the data computation module, according to the formula (1), meter
It calculates and obtains the temperature variation:
In formula (1), Q1Indicate the heat that brake friction generates；Q2Indicate the heat loss through convection amount of brake drum； Q3Indicate system
Heat loss through radiation amount between dynamic drum and wheel rim；m1Indicate the quality of the brake drum in brake； m2Indicate the braking in brake
The quality of hoof friction facing；c1Indicate the specific heat capacity of the brake drum in dynamic device； c2Indicate the brake-shoe friction facing in brake
Specific heat capacity.
Further, the heat Q that the brake friction generates1Calculation formula be expressed as formula (2):
In formula (2), M indicates the gross mass of vehicle；v1Indicate the initial velocity of vehicle braking process；v2Indicate vehicle braking mistake
The end speed of journey；G indicates acceleration of gravity；I indicates the road longitudinal grade gradient, and descending section takes "+", and uphill way takes "-"；F table
Show the coefficient of rolling resistance of the wheel of vehicle；XZIndicate the braking distance of vehicle.
Further, the heat loss through convection amount Q of the brake drum2Calculation formula be expressed as formula (3):
Q2=hS (tw-tf) (3)
In formula (3), h indicates convection transfer rate；Outer surface face S expression and plunder the brake drum that fluid directly contacts outside
Product；twIndicate the temperature of brake drum outer surface；tfIndicate the outer temperature for plunderring fluid.
Further, the heat loss through radiation amount Q between brake drum and wheel rim3Calculation formula be expressed as formula (4):
Q3=Ra1S1-θ1,2Ra2S2 (4)
In formula (4), S1Indicate the exterior surface area of brake drum；S2Indicate the inner surface area of wheel rim；Ra1Indicate brake drum
The Net long wave radiation of outer surface；Ra2Indicate the Net long wave radiation of wheel rim inner surface；θ1,2Indicate radiation heat transfer ascent.
Further, the temperature detecting unit includes K-type thermocouple and infrared thermal imaging equipment；The K type thermocouple
It is opened in the case of normal vehicle operation, the brake hull-skin temperature information, the system is detected by the K-type thermocouple
Device hull-skin temperature information is moved as the brake operation temperature information；The infrared thermal imaging equipment is frequently braked in vehicle
Or opened in the case of on-position for a long time, the brake hull-skin temperature is detected by the infrared thermal imaging equipment
Information, and obtain the brake operation temperature information.
Further, the temperature control feedback unit includes spraying water tank control valve, flowing water tube assembly and drenching sprayer, the stream
Conduit assembly connects water tank and drenching sprayer, and the drenching sprayer is arranged in above the brake drum of brake, and is open towards described
Brake drum setting, the spraying water tank control valve are set in the flowing water tube assembly；Reach in the brake operation temperature information
In the case of the set temperature threshold value, the spraying water tank control valve controls the fluid communication of the water tank and drenching sprayer, makes
Liquid in the water tank is via the drenching sprayer sprinkle in the outer surface of the brake drum.
Further, the vehicle brake temperature control device further includes phonetic alarm, the brake operation temperature letter
Breath and the temperature variation are transferred to Vehicle Controller via the temperature detecting unit, then are transmitted by the Vehicle Controller
To the phonetic alarm and vehicle-carrying display screen, reach the feelings of the set temperature threshold value in the brake operation temperature information
The phonetic alarm is opened under shape.
At low cost, practicability of the invention and feasibility is high, implementation result is good, can during vehicle braking real-time monitoring temperature
Degree and timely early warning, prevention brake temperature is excessively high, to reduce the brake temperature intelligent monitoring and cooling of accident rate
Device.Vehicle brake temperature control device provided by the invention can be widely applied to during Freight Transport.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of vehicle brake temperature control device provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the flow chart of data processing of parameter input module shown in FIG. 1, data computation module and result output module shows
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram of the brake provided by the embodiment of the present invention via simplified physical model；
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal profile schematic diagram of brake shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is brake provided by the embodiment of the present invention and extraneous heat exchange mode schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the operation principle schematic diagram of vehicle brake temperature control device shown in FIG. 1；
Fig. 7 is the installation condition schematic diagram of flowing water tube assembly shown in fig. 6；
Fig. 8 is brake temperature lowering curve figure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In the accompanying drawings, same or similar element is indicated using same or similar label or there is same or like function
Element.The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, vehicle brake temperature control device provided by the present embodiment includes temperature detecting unit 1, control list
Member 2, temperature control feedback unit 3 and result output module 4, wherein temperature detecting unit 1 is used to detect the brake outer surface of vehicle
Temperature information T1, and export.Control unit 2 is used to receive the relevant parameter information of vehicle and brake, road environment parameter letter
Breath and brake hull-skin temperature information T1, and brake operation temperature information T2 and vehicle are obtained in braking process
Temperature variation △ T, and export.Temperature control feedback unit 3 is used to receive the brake operation temperature information T2, and in brake
Operational temperature information T2 carries out cooling treatment to the brake of vehicle in the case of reaching set temperature threshold value.As a result output module
4 receive the temperature variation △ T, and temperature variation △ T is externally shown.
When being braked in vehicle travel process, as shown in figure 3, the inner surface of the brake drum 71 in brake and braking
Hoof friction facing 72 and between rub, generate a large amount of heat.Heat a part is disappeared by different approach, remaining
Partial heat then accumulates the inside in brake-shoe and brake drum, this partial heat will constantly increase, thus make brake drum with
The temperature of brake-shoe gradually rises.The present embodiment can be believed by brake hull-skin temperature of the temperature detecting unit 1 to vehicle
Breath T1 is measured in real time, thus obtain the temperature information of brake inner surface, i.e. brake operation temperature information T2, then making
In the case of dynamic device operational temperature information T2 reaches set temperature threshold value, by temperature control feedback unit 3 to the brake of vehicle into
The capable processing that cools.Driver or other remote monitoring personnel can artificially control vehicle according to temperature variation △ T, than
Such as parking or artificial hypothermia.Vehicle brake temperature control device provided in this embodiment can be avoided brake heat and cross damage, make
It is in time that brake cools down when dynamic device overheat, the generation to try to forestall traffic accidents, therefore, vehicle braking provided in this embodiment
Device temperature control device is easy to use, practical.
In one embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, control unit 2 includes parameter input module 21 and data computation module 22,
Wherein,
The relevant parameter information of the vehicle and brake, road environment parameter information and brake hull-skin temperature letter
Breath T1 is input to parameter input module 21.Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, the relevant parameter information of the vehicle and brake includes
Vehicle physical parameter and brake parameter.Wherein, vehicle physical parameter information includes type of vehicle, load-carrying, size etc..Brake
Parameter includes the model parameter of brake, and the present embodiment is illustrated vehicle brake temperature control device with drum brake, but
It is not limited to drum brake.Road environment parameter information includes environment temperature and humidity etc..Temperature, humidity can use temperature and humidity
Instrument is a kind of for measuring the instrument of transient temperature humidity and mean temperature humidity, has temperature and humidity measurement, display, record, reality
The functions such as Shi Shizhong, data communication and overload alarm.The gradient, curvature etc. generally look into the passage handbook in the section, or by vehicle-mounted
Road grade angle measuring system measures (major part is single-chip microcontroller, generally applicable).
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, drum brake is reduced to physics mould described in following (1)~(3) by the present embodiment
Type:
(1) assume the main heat for participating in generating and radiator portion is the basic part in regular hollow cylinder, ignore
Brake drum 71 is reduced to a regular cylinder by secondary part, and interior outer radius is along axial unchanged, the temperature letter of brake inner surface
Breath T1 is substantially the temperature of the inner surface of brake drum 71；
(2) assume that back-plate assembly 73 does not contact directly with the side clearance of brake drum 71, and do not have therebetween
Heat transfer；
(3) it is bolted between wheel hub and brake drum 71, contact area is smaller, and contact thermal-conduction resistance is very big, institute
It is scattered and disappeared with ignoring this partial heat.
Those of ordinary skill in the art could be aware that: when the brake of vehicle is started to work, the interior table of brake drum 71
Face and brake-shoe friction facing 72 generate friction, this partial heat a part distributes by all means, and remainder exists
Brake and brake-shoe friction facing inner accumulation increase its heat content, therefore temperature increases.It is transmitted according to thermodynamics
Mechanism, in conjunction with above-mentioned physical model, this gives simultaneous three kinds in the radiation processes of brake hot transmitting sides
Formula: heat transfer, thermal convection and heat radiation.Fig. 5 illustrates that heat and the heat dissipation side of generation of brake during braking
The concrete condition of formula.Therefore, theoretically, calculating of the thermal change amount of brake during braking starts to end of braking is public
Formula is represented by formula (5):
Δ Q=Q1-Q2-Q3-Q4 (5)
In formula (5), Q1Indicate the heat that brake friction generates；Q2Indicate that brake (is mainly braked in braking process
Drum) heat exchanges between surface and surrounding air, in text referred to as " the heat loss through convection amount of brake drum "；Q3Indicate brake drum with
Heat loss through radiation amount between wheel rim；Q4It indicates the heat loss through conduction amount between brake drum and Brake shoe lining, referred to as " is passed in text
Lead heat dissipation capacity ".Ignore small quantity heat loss through conduction amount Q in the temperature variation △ T process for actually calculating brake4。
Therefore, the calculation formula of the temperature variation of brake is represented by formula (1):
In formula (1), m1Indicate the quality of the brake drum in brake；m2Indicate the brake-shoe friction facing in brake
Quality；c1Indicate the specific heat capacity of the brake drum in dynamic device；c2Indicate the specific heat capacity of the brake-shoe friction facing in brake.
The relevant parameter information of the vehicle and brake, road environment parameter information and brake hull-skin temperature letter
It ceases T1 and is input to data computation module 22 via parameter input module 21, formula (1) is set in advance in data computation module 22, root
According to formula (1), data computation module 22 calculates the temperature variation △ T for obtaining brake.
As a result output module 4 exports the temperature variation △ T obtained by data computation module 22, and with temperature song
The mode of the mode and/or visualization interface figure (brake temperature situation, current temperature value) of line is shown, intuitively to show
To driver or other remote monitoring personnel.
When mainly being braked according to vehicle due to above-mentioned physical model, brake-shoe friction facing and brake drum inner surface
Between rub, the physics mould that the concrete condition according to a large amount of heat of generation and radiating mode in braking process is established
Type can really reflect that heat generates and the process that disperses, it is more preferable realize actively, it is accurate, wagon brake temperature is provided in time
Change information.
In one embodiment, according to frictional heat generation principle, frictional heat generation amount when wheel drum-type brake is calculated
Formula is formula (6):
Q1=FzX (6)
In formula (6), FzExpression acts on the brake force of wheel, and unit is N；X indicates the distance of vehicle driving, and unit is m.
Formula (6) is by conversion and is derived by, the heat Q that the brake friction generates1Calculation formula be expressed as formula (2):
In formula (2), M indicates the gross mass of vehicle, and unit is Kg, and M belongs to vehicle physical parameter；v1Indicate vehicle braking mistake
The initial velocity of journey, unit are m/s；v2Indicate the end speed of vehicle braking process, unit is m/s；G indicates acceleration of gravity, single
Position is 9.8m/s2；I indicates the road longitudinal grade gradient, and descending section takes "+", and uphill way takes "-", and i belongs to road environment parameter；f
Indicate that the coefficient of rolling resistance of the wheel of vehicle, f belong to road environment parameter；XZIndicate the braking distance of vehicle, unit is m, XZ
Belong to vehicle parameter, test can obtain.
In one embodiment, according to Newtonian Cooling formula, in conjunction with drum brake heat loss through convection environment, the present embodiment knot
Wagon brake actual conditions are closed, while formulating reasonable temperature detection early warning scheme for brake, are also clearly provided
It sprinkles water the time to cool down, has on the one hand saved the water in lorry driving process, so that lorry, which does not need often to stop, adds water, it is another
Aspect also reduces winter since water drenching causes icy on road, is easy to happen the probability of traffic accident.When being analyzed, need into
Row dimensional analysis.Dimensional method has determined three dust suppression by spraying of brake drum outer surface heat convection, and specifies each phase
It can be associated to a function expression like criterion, but its specific functional expression needs finally determine by experiment.One
As form criterion equation be generally written into the form of power function, it may be assumed that
Nu=f (Re, Pr)=CRenPrm
Because the running environment of lorry is in air, to plunder fluid in addition and only consider air, i.e. the value of Pr is constant, on
It can simplify are as follows:
Nu=f (Re, Pr)=CRen
Wherein, C is constant, needs to determine by testing；Reynolds criterion Re, Nu Xieerte criterion Nu, Prandtl criterion
Pr can all be obtained by formula in existing theorem.
By the heat loss through convection amount Q of the available brake drum of the above reasoning2Calculation formula be expressed as formula (3):
Q2=hS (tw-tf) (3)
In formula (3), h indicates convection transfer rate W/ (m2DEG C), meaning ought be plunderred outside between fluid and braking drum surface
The temperature difference be 1 DEG C when, lm2The heat that can transmit each second of heat exchange area, convection transfer rate can calculate with empirical equation,
The present invention carries out acquisition of tabling look-up；S is indicated
m2, S belongs to the relevant parameter of vehicle, can be calculated with empirical equation, and the present invention carries out acquisition of tabling look-up；twIndicate brake drum outer surface
Temperature, unit is DEG C twFor the brake hull-skin temperature information T1 for the vehicle that temperature detecting unit 1 detects；tfIt indicates
Plunder the temperature of fluid outside, unit is DEG C tfBelong to road environment parameter, it can be by the real-time collected gas of K-type thermocouple 11
The surface temperature of medium and solid obtains.
In one embodiment, the heat loss through radiation amount Q between brake drum and wheel rim3Calculation formula be expressed as formula (4):
Q3=Ra1S1-θ1,2Ra2S2 (4)
In formula (4), S1Indicate the exterior surface area of brake drum, unit is m2；S2Indicate the inner surface area of wheel rim, unit
It is m2, S1Belong to the relevant parameter of brake；Ra1Indicate the Net long wave radiation of brake drum outer surface, unit is the unit time to leave list
The total radiation energy of plane product, radiation and reflected radiation two parts including surface itself,S2Belong to the physics ginseng of vehicle
Number；Ra2Indicate the Net long wave radiation of wheel rim inner surface, unit is to leave the total radiation energy of unit area, including surface the unit time
The radiation of itself and reflected radiation two parts, W/m2；θ1,2Indicate radiation heat transfer ascent, θ1,2Represent the appearance for leaving brake drum
The total radiation energy in face, which reaches, divides rate shared by the part energy of the inner surface of wheel rim.
Due to above-described embodiment in the calculation formula of the temperature variation of brake simultaneously by the gradient, length of grade, truck
Load, mode of braking are used as dynamic factor to consider；The evaluation index to be decayed using brake heat, obtains the brake in each section
Temperature value, the security risk classification of China's long and steep downgrade, the setting of emergency lane, long straight line+minor radius, longitudinal slope are combined,
The design objective of average gradient and length of grade proposes new Research Thinking, has preferably ensured road operational safety.
In one embodiment, the temperature detecting unit 1 includes K-type thermocouple 11 and infrared thermal imaging equipment 12.Its
In:
K-type thermocouple 11 is mounted on wagon brake overhead support and shaft connection place, which not only contributes to turn
But obtain the temperature information of brake, and will not intensity to brake and performance impact.K-type thermocouple 11 is used for
The temperature of the brake outer surface of acquisition vehicle in real time, can also directly measure the surface temperature of gas medium and solid.K-type
Thermocouple 11 is opened in the case of normal vehicle operation, detects brake hull-skin temperature information T1 by K-type thermocouple 11.System
Device hull-skin temperature information T1 is moved as the brake operation temperature information T2.
Infrared thermal imaging equipment 12 is mounted on wagon brake overhead support and shaft connection place, frequently brakes or grows in vehicle
Time is in the case of on-position and opens, and detects brake hull-skin temperature information T1 by infrared thermal imaging equipment 12, and
Obtain the brake operation temperature information T2.Specifically, the wagon brake in 12 pairs of infrared thermal imaging equipment long descending sections
Be scanned, obtain brake outer surface temperature pattern, and by the temperature pattern of brake outer surface export to it is infrared heat at
As the thermal analysis software in equipment 12.Thermal analysis software is used for the temperature pattern according to brake outer surface, obtains outside brake
The specified point on surface or the temperature data in face, and the temperature of the brake inner surface of vehicle is calculated, brake inner surface
Temperature can be interpreted as brake operation temperature T2.
Since the internal surface temperature of brake is difficult to directly measure, and the present embodiment by operating condition be divided into normally travel situation and
Vehicle is frequently braked or is in the situation of on-position for a long time, obtains brake operation temperature according to different situations, moreover,
Brake operation temperature is using the temperature of brake inner surface as standard, this is speed variation monitoring in raising vehicle travel process
Accuracy provides advantage.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, in one embodiment, temperature control feedback unit 3 includes spraying water tank control valve 31, overflow pipe
Component 32 and drenching sprayer 33, flowing water tube assembly 32 connects water tank and drenching sprayer 33, drenching sprayer 33 are arranged in brake
The top of brake drum 71, and be open and be arranged towards the brake drum 71.Spraying water tank control valve 31 is set in flowing water tube assembly 32, control
The fluid communication or shutdown of the water tank and drenching sprayer 33.Reach the set temperature threshold in brake operation temperature information T2
In the case of value, spraying water tank control valve 31 controls the fluid communication of the water tank and drenching sprayer 33, makes the liquid in the water tank
Body is via 33 sprinkle of drenching sprayer in the outer surface of the brake drum.
As shown in fig. 7, welding a projection welding bolt 34, projection welding bolt 34 on back-plate assembly or brake dust 73
It is fixedly connected with a mounting plate with nut 36 by spring washer 35, flowing water tube assembly 32 is fixed on the mounting plate.Flowing water tube assembly
32 one end is connected by sebific duct with water tank (not shown), and the other end connects drenching sprayer 33, and drenching sprayer 33 is arranged in
The top of brake drum 71.As long as flowing water tube assembly 32 is directed at brake drum 71 and can water, preferably tilt, but do not needed
Special angle constraint, is fixed on the upper end of back-plate assembly or brake dust 73, by the backing plate hole of installation pass through into
Row constraint.Flowing water tube assembly 32 can directly be bought from market.
When the present embodiment works, brake operation temperature T2 is conveyed to spraying water tank control valve 31 by K-type thermocouple 11, together
When, road condition information is conveyed to Vehicle Controller 6 by mode (such as: ZigBee wireless communication technique) by wireless communication,
Vehicle Controller 6 can show brake operation temperature T2 local by vehicle-carrying display screen, in this way, driver can
See the situation of change of brake temperature.Single-chip microcontroller in Vehicle Controller 6 also carries out the height of brake operation temperature T2
Judgement, in the case of brake operation temperature information T2 reaches set temperature threshold value, control spraying water tank control valve 31 is opened, institute
The fluid communication for stating water tank and drenching sprayer 33 makes the liquid in the water tank via 33 sprinkle of drenching sprayer in the brake drum
71 outer surface cools down brake drum 71, it is ensured that the stability and traffic safety of braking ability.In brake operation
Temperature information T2 is lower than in the case of set temperature threshold value, and control spraying water tank control valve 31 turns off, the water tank and drenching sprayer
33 can not be in fluid communication.The present embodiment does not use manual water drenching, and does not recycle retarder, to reduce brake wear etc., and
It is to be switched by Temperature-control Monitoring input signal to water drenching, can be effectively improved in terms of ease of use, practicability, is dropped in time
Temperature avoids brake heat from crossing damage and leads to traffic accident.
In addition to above-described embodiment provide cooled down in the way of water drenching to brake other than, can also be fed back in temperature control
An Auto-delay switch is added in the control circuit of unit, water drenching device is made to can also continue to blow into brake drum after end of braking
Wind can accelerate brake drum radiating and cooling speed, and controllable water drenching device continues after a period of work automatically after end of braking
It stops working, it is energy saving to reduce the load of lorry power supply system, avoid the non-productive work of water spray system.
In one embodiment, the vehicle brake temperature control device further includes phonetic alarm 5, such as buzzer.System
The dynamic device operational temperature information T2 and temperature variation △ T is transferred to Vehicle Controller 6 via temperature detecting unit 1, then by
Vehicle Controller 6 is transferred to phonetic alarm 5 and vehicle-carrying display screen, reaches described in the brake operation temperature information T2 and sets
Phonetic alarm 5 is opened in the case of determining temperature threshold, is sounded an alarm by phonetic alarm 5, and operator brake device temperature is reminded
Height is spent, achievees the purpose that early warning.
As shown in figure 8, to verify the correctness of vehicle brake temperature control device built-in algorithm and logic proposed by the present invention,
It is proved by setting test.Test mainly includes the bench test of drum brake temperature drop and actual road test, tests mesh
Be respectively as follows:
(1) in order to obtain the temperature lowering curve of brake drum, and then cooling result is compared, analysis generates the original of error
Cause is verified mutually.
(2) to study vehicle braking the changing rule of break drum temperature field provides test data when.
Test selects EQ1208 freight truck rear axle drum brake as research object, studies brake drum in different braking
Temperature drop law under operating condition.Experimental design thinking is exactly to survey under the test primary condition at a temperature of different speeds, varying environment
Obtain the temperature drop data of brake drum.The corresponding revolving speed of speed be it is different, this test main analog to originate speed 30km/h,
40km/h, 50km/h, 60km/h drive at a constant speed the cooling situation in long downslope braking process gap.Engine speed with
Subject to the actual speed measured in bench test, test is measured into brake drum internal and external temperature data preparation, data are carried out
Processing, draw brake drum outer surface temperature-fall period temperature with braking time change curve, since data are relatively more, and
After different braking operating condition, the trend of the temperature change of drum brake outer surface be it is identical, with 50km/h, (original is set herein
Count speed be 45km/h) speed for, take a brake drum outer surface test data, sort out the data, temperature is at any time
Between change curve.Similarly, the temperature drop variation for making the brake drum outer surface of remaining time under same speed, then according to data
The method that the principle and error dot of processing are picked out obtains brake drum infrared ray averaged curve, in order to emulate mould with brake drum temperature drop
Type compares, and is intercepted with 300 DEG C for its highest initial temperature, to obtain vehicle 50km/h, the system that highest initial temperature is 300 DEG C
Dynamic drum infrared ray averaged curve is as shown in Figure 8.It can be seen that the temperature measured under temperature control algorithm monitoring of the present invention changes over time
It meets the requirements, and can Accurate Prediction.
Finally it is noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations.This
The those of ordinary skill in field is it is understood that be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or right
Part of technical characteristic is equivalently replaced；These are modified or replaceed, and it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution originally
Invent the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical solution.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of vehicle brake temperature control device, which is characterized in that including temperature detecting unit (1), control unit (2), temperature control
Feedback unit (3) and result output module (4), wherein the temperature detecting unit (1) is used to detect the brake appearance of vehicle
Face temperature information (T1), and export；Described control unit (2) is for receiving vehicle and the relevant parameter information of brake, road
Ambient parameter information and the brake hull-skin temperature information (T1), and obtain brake operation temperature information (T2) and
Temperature variation (△ T) of the vehicle in braking process, and export；The temperature control feedback unit (3) is for receiving the braking
Device operational temperature information (T2), and to vehicle in the case of the brake operation temperature information (T2) reaches set temperature threshold value
Brake carry out cooling treatment；The result output module (4) receives the temperature variation (△ T) and is shown.
2. vehicle brake temperature control device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described control unit (2) includes parameter
Input module (21) and data computation module (22), wherein the relevant parameter information of the vehicle and brake, road environment ginseng
It counts information and the brake hull-skin temperature information (T1) and is input to the data via the parameter input module (21)
Computing module (22)；It is equipped with following formula (1) in the data computation module (22), according to the formula (1), calculates and obtains the temperature
It spends variable quantity (△ T):
In formula (1), Q1Indicate the heat that brake friction generates；Q2Indicate the heat loss through convection amount of brake drum；Q3Indicate brake drum with
Heat loss through radiation amount between wheel rim；m1Indicate the quality of the brake drum in brake；m2It indicates that the brake-shoe in brake rubs to serve as a contrast
The quality of piece；c1Indicate the specific heat capacity of the brake drum in dynamic device；c2Indicate the specific heat capacity of the brake-shoe friction facing in brake.
3. vehicle brake temperature control device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the heat that the brake friction generates
Q1Calculation formula be expressed as formula (2):
In formula (2), M indicates the gross mass of vehicle；v1Indicate the initial velocity of vehicle braking process；v2Indicate vehicle braking process
End speed；G indicates acceleration of gravity；I indicates the road longitudinal grade gradient, and descending section takes "+", and uphill way takes "-"；F indicates vehicle
Wheel coefficient of rolling resistance；XZIndicate the braking distance of vehicle.
4. vehicle brake temperature control device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the heat loss through convection amount Q of the brake drum2
Calculation formula be expressed as formula (3):
Q2=hS (tw-tf) (3)
In formula (3), h indicates convection transfer rate；Exterior surface area S expression and plunder the brake drum that fluid directly contacts outside；twTable
Show the temperature of brake drum outer surface；tfIndicate the outer temperature for plunderring fluid.
5. vehicle brake temperature control device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the radiation between brake drum and wheel rim dissipates
Heat Q3Calculation formula be expressed as formula (4):
Q3=Ra1S1-θ1,2Ra2S2 (4)
In formula (4), S1Indicate the exterior surface area of brake drum；S2Indicate the inner surface area of wheel rim；Ra1Indicate brake drum outer surface
Net long wave radiation；Ra2Indicate the Net long wave radiation of wheel rim inner surface；θ1,2Indicate radiation heat transfer ascent.
6. the vehicle brake temperature control device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the temperature detection
Unit (1) includes K-type thermocouple (11) and infrared thermal imaging equipment (12)；The K-type thermocouple (11) is in normal vehicle operation
In the case of open, the brake hull-skin temperature information (T1) is detected by the K-type thermocouple (11), outside the brake
Surface temperature information (T1) is used as the brake operation temperature information (T2)；The infrared thermal imaging equipment (12) is in vehicle frequency
Numerous braking is opened in the case of on-position for a long time, detects the brake by the infrared thermal imaging equipment (12)
Hull-skin temperature information (T1), and obtain the brake operation temperature information (T2).
7. vehicle brake temperature control device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the temperature control feedback unit (3) includes
Spraying water tank control valve (31), flowing water tube assembly (32) and drenching sprayer (33), flowing water tube assembly (32) the connection water tank and leaching
Sprinkler head (33), the drenching sprayer (33) are arranged in above the brake drum of brake, and are open and are arranged towards the brake drum, institute
Spraying water tank control valve (31) are stated on the flowing water tube assembly (32)；Reach institute in the brake operation temperature information (T2)
In the case of stating set temperature threshold value, the spraying water tank control valve (31) controls the water tank and the fluid of drenching sprayer (33) connects
It is logical, make the liquid in the water tank via the drenching sprayer (33) sprinkle in the outer surface of the brake drum.
8. vehicle brake temperature control device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that it further include phonetic alarm (5), it is described
Brake operation temperature information (T2) and the temperature variation (△ T) are transferred to vehicle-mounted via the temperature detecting unit (1)
Controller (6), then the phonetic alarm (5) and vehicle-carrying display screen are transferred to by the Vehicle Controller (6), in the braking
The phonetic alarm (5) is opened in the case of device operational temperature information (T2) reaches the set temperature threshold value.
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| CN201811472846.XA CN109591783B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Temperature control device for vehicle brake |
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| CN201811472846.XA CN109591783B (en) | 2018-12-04 | 2018-12-04 | Temperature control device for vehicle brake |
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| CN110425233A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-08 | 高邮市宏生制动器厂 | A kind of drum brakes with emergency braking structure |
| CN111791916A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-10-20 | 成都盛锴科技有限公司 | Online dynamic detection method and system for wheel tread temperature |
| CN111942342A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-17 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Air cooling heat dissipation device and cooling method for drum brake |
| CN115081756A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-09-20 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Road section brake drum temperature prediction and road section risk assessment method based on long and large longitudinal slope road section |
| CN115163708A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-11 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Real-time detection method and device for temperature of brake disc |
| US20220355770A1 (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-10 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc | Vehicle brake cooling system having dynamically adjustable air vents for active brake cooling |
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| CN115163708B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2023-07-25 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Real-time detection method and device for temperature of brake disc |
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