CN109586152B - Pump structure for improved beam quality of high power grazing incidence slab laser - Google Patents
Pump structure for improved beam quality of high power grazing incidence slab laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN109586152B CN109586152B CN201910049863.0A CN201910049863A CN109586152B CN 109586152 B CN109586152 B CN 109586152B CN 201910049863 A CN201910049863 A CN 201910049863A CN 109586152 B CN109586152 B CN 109586152B
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- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094038—End pumping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pumping structure for improving the beam quality of a high-power grazing incidence slab laser, which comprises a pumping light source, a coupling system, a horizontal homogenizing waveguide and an imaging system, wherein: the pumping light source emits pumping light, and the pumping light is coupled into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide through the coupling system; the horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide is used for homogenizing the horizontal direction of the pump light and inputting the pump light into the imaging system; the imaging system images the pump light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide on the pump surface, so that the intensity distribution of the pump light on the pump surface is consistent with the intensity distribution of the pump light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide. The invention is simple and reliable, has lower cost and easy realization, and is an excellent way for realizing high-power high-beam quality grazing incidence slab lasers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a pumping structure for improving the beam quality of a high-power grazing incidence slab laser.
Background
The solid laser has the advantages of high brightness, high efficiency, compact structure, stable performance, long service life, full solidification and the like, and has important application in the fields of material processing, medical treatment, scientific research, military and the like. In high power solid state lasers, thermal effects can affect the stability of the laser, reducing the beam quality and efficiency of the laser. Thermal effects make high beam quality difficult for high power rod lasers. The slab laser has large area-volume ratio and good heat dissipation effect, and is easy to realize high-power laser output. However, a typical slab laser has difficulty in achieving a good mode matching ratio between the pump light and the laser light, and has low laser extraction efficiency. In grazing incidence slat structure, pumpPu Guang is strongly absorbed by the gain medium near the pumping surface, and the laser is grazing incidence to the pumping surface at a small angle and undergoes total internal reflection, so that excellent matching ratio of pumping light to laser modes can be obtained. This structure is an effective means for realizing a high-power and high-efficiency solid-state laser. However, studies have shown that: the end-face effect in a grazing incidence slab structure is very severe at high power pumping, which in operation can lead to degradation of the laser beam quality, which mainly occurs in the horizontal direction of the slab (as shown in fig. 6). Degradation of the quality of the laser beam is caused by thermally induced refractive index changes in the laser path and stress deformations in the slab pump end face. The stress deformation of the pumping surface in the horizontal direction is a main factor for causing the quality degradation of the laser beam. This is because in the grazing incidence slab structure, the optical path difference caused by the horizontal direction end face stress strain on the laser beam is about 2n/sin theta times the Z direction end face stress strain of the slab (D as shown in FIG. 6 E The strain in the Z direction causes a horizontal optical path difference of about 2nD due to the stress deformation of the end face E And/sin θ, n is the refractive index of the slab, θ is the grazing incidence angle). That is, compared with the laser light incident perpendicular to the pumping surface, the optical path difference caused by the end surface stress deformation (horizontal direction) in the grazing incidence lath structure is amplified by tens of times (the grazing incidence angle is about 5-10 degrees), and the stress deformation in the horizontal direction of the pumping surface (total internal reflection surface) becomes a main factor of degradation of the quality of the laser beam.
At present, researchers mainly adopt two methods to reduce the influence of end face stress deformation on the quality of laser beams. K. Nawata et al compensate the beam quality by using a phase conjugate mirror to reduce the effect of end stress deformation on the laser beam quality. M, abe et al laminate a sapphire at the pumping terminal surface and effectively reduce the influence of terminal surface stress deformation.
The introduction of the phase conjugate mirror can effectively reduce the influence of end face stress deformation on the quality of the laser beam and improve the quality of the laser beam, but the system becomes complicated and the cost of the laser is greatly increased. And the limited aperture of the phase conjugate mirror makes it difficult to achieve high power laser output.
The undoped crystal is attached to the pumping surface of the lath, so that the lath can be effectively cooled, the stress deformation of the end surface of the half lath is reduced, but the technology is complex in process, high in difficulty and impractical.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention overcomes at least one of the deficiencies of the prior art described above by providing a pump structure for improved beam quality for high power grazing incidence slab lasers.
The primary object of the present invention is to achieve an improvement in beam quality for high power grazing incidence slab lasers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pumping structure for improving the quality of high-power glancing incidence strip laser beam is composed of a pumping structure, a glancing incidence strip with pumping surface, a gain medium, and a high-doped Nd vanadate (Nd: YVO 4 ，Nd:GdVO 4 Nd: gdxY 1− x VO 4 Etc.), highly doped Yb crystals (e.g., yb: YAG), etc. The front surface of the lath is a pumping surface and is plated with a pumping light antireflection film; the two side surfaces are laser light-passing surfaces, and the anti-reflection films corresponding to the laser wavelengths are plated according to the grazing incidence angle adopted; the upper large surface and the lower large surface are contacted with the heat sink to realize heat dissipation; roughening the rear surface; the pumping structure comprises a pumping light source, a coupling system, a horizontal homogenizing waveguide and an imaging system, wherein:
the pumping light source emits pumping light, and the pumping light is coupled into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide through the coupling system;
the horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide is used for homogenizing the horizontal direction of the pump light and inputting the pump light into the imaging system;
the imaging system images the pump light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide on the pump surface, so that the intensity distribution of the pump light on the pump surface is consistent with the intensity distribution of the pump light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide.
The beam homogenized by the waveguide has the best homogenizing effect at the waveguide outlet, when the glancing incidence lath is pumped, the horizontal homogenizing waveguide is adopted to homogenize the pumping light in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal homogenizing waveguide outlet pumping light is imaged on the lath pumping surface, so that the high absorption (extremely short absorption path) of the glancing incidence plate to the pumping light is considered to be the absolute flat-top distribution of the pumping light in the lath in the horizontal direction, the end stress deformation of the lath in the horizontal direction is effectively reduced, and the quality degradation of the laser beam caused by the pumping end stress deformation is improved.
Preferably, the pumping light source is a laser diode bar or a laser diode stack.
Preferably, the coupling system comprises a horizontal cylindrical lens and a vertical cylindrical lens for coupling pump light into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide.
Preferably, the horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide comprises two intermediate spaced apart mutually parallel waveguide walls.
Preferably, the imaging system comprises a plurality of lenses, and pump light intensity flattening of the pump surface is realized by imaging the pump light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide on the pump surface, and meanwhile, control of the pump light spot size of the pump surface of the strip with the grazing incidence structure is also realized.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the scheme adopting a phase conjugate mirror, the invention has the advantages that: 1) The laser path is simpler; 2) The cost is low, and the implementation is easy; 3) Higher power laser output can be achieved.
2. Compared with the scheme of attaching a cooling crystal on the end face of a pump, the invention has the following advantages: 1) The method is simple and easy to realize; 2) The method is safe and reliable, and the internal total reflection surface of the crystal is not damaged; 3) The cost is lower.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pump structure for beam quality improvement for a high power grazing incidence slab laser;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high power grazing incidence slab laser oscillator implemented using the pump structure described in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high power grazing incidence slab laser amplifier implemented using the pump structure described in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a slat structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal directional homogenizing waveguide structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of Z-direction end stress deformation of a slat;
in the figure, 1 is a slab, 2 is a laser beam, 3 is pump light passing through a horizontal homogenizing waveguide 5 and an imaging system 4, 4 is the imaging system, 5 is the horizontal homogenizing waveguide, 6 is pump light coupled into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide by a coupling system 7, 7 is the coupling system, 8 is a pump light source, 9 is a laser total reflection mirror, 10 is a laser output mirror, 11 is seed laser, 12 is a pumping surface, 13 is an upper cooling surface, 14 is a lower cooling surface, 15 is a clearance surface, 16 is pump light passing through the horizontal homogenizing waveguide, and 17 and 18 are waveguide walls.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions;
it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a high power grazing incidence slab laser oscillator enabled by a pump junction for high power grazing incidence slab laser beam quality improvement, wherein the pump structure for high power grazing incidence slab laser beam quality improvement, as in fig. 1, comprises a pump light source 8, a coupling system 7, a horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide 5, an imaging system 4, wherein:
the pump light is processed by the pump structure and then is input into a grazing incidence structure lath 1, the surface of the grazing incidence structure lath 1 for receiving the pump light is a pump surface 12, as shown in fig. 4, the front surface of the lath is the pump surface 12, and a pump light antireflection film is plated; the two side surfaces are laser light-passing surfaces 15, and corresponding laser wavelength antireflection films are plated according to the grazing incidence angle adopted; the upper cooling surface 13 and the lower cooling surface 14 are in contact with the heat sink to realize heat dissipation; roughening the rear surface;
the pump light source 8 emits pump light, and the pump light is coupled into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide 5 through the coupling system 7;
the horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide 5 homogenizes the horizontal direction of the pump light and inputs the homogenized pump light to the imaging system 4;
the imaging system 4 images the pump light at the exit of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide 5 onto the pump surface 12 such that the intensity distribution of the pump light on the pump surface 12 coincides with the pump light intensity distribution at the exit of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide 5.
The pump light source 8 is a laser diode bar.
The coupling system 7 comprises a horizontal cylindrical lens and a vertical cylindrical lens for coupling pump light into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide.
The horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide 5 comprises, as shown in fig. 5, two waveguide walls 17, 18 spaced apart in the middle and parallel to each other.
The imaging system 4 comprises a plurality of lenses, and the pump light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide 5 is imaged on the pump surface 12, so that the pump light intensity of the pump surface 12 is flattened, and the pump light spot size and the aberration of the pump surface 12 of the strip pump surface with the grazing incidence structure are controlled.
In a specific implementation process, a high-power grazing incidence slab laser oscillator which is realized by a pump junction for improving the beam quality of the high-power grazing incidence slab laser is shown in fig. 2, and the oscillator is a continuous laser output, and can be adjusted to be a pulse laser output with a Q-switched or mode-locked structure after a modulation device is added in a laser resonant cavity.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a high power grazing incidence slab laser amplifier realized by a pump structure for beam quality improvement of a high power grazing incidence slab laser, wherein the pump structure for beam quality improvement of the high power grazing incidence slab laser is the same as that in embodiment 1.
In a specific embodiment, a high power grazing incidence slab laser amplifier realized by a pump structure for high power grazing incidence slab laser beam quality improvement, as shown in fig. 3, can realize high brightness and high power amplification of different seed lights according to the type of gain medium adopted by the amplifier. For example, 1064nm laser amplification from continuous to ps can be realized by adopting high-doped Nd vanadate; laser amplification at 1030nm from continuous to fs can be achieved with highly doped Yb crystals (e.g. Yb: YAG).
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;
the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely illustrative, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a pump structure that is used for high-power grazing incidence lath laser beam quality improvement, pump light is input to the grazing incidence structure lath after the pump structure handles, the surface that the grazing incidence structure lath was used for receiving pump light is the pumping face, its characterized in that adopts pump light source, coupled system, horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide, imaging system and grazing incidence lath structure to combine together, realizes the homogenizing pumping to the grazing incidence lath in the horizontal direction to solve the degradation of the amplified laser beam quality that the horizontal direction stress deformation of grazing incidence lath pumping face caused in the high-power laser amplification process, wherein:
the pumping light source emits pumping light, and the pumping light is coupled into the horizontal homogenizing waveguide through the coupling system;
the horizontal direction homogenizing waveguide is used for homogenizing the horizontal direction of the pump light and inputting the pump light into the imaging system;
the imaging system images the pumping light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide on the pumping surface, so that the intensity distribution of the pumping light on the pumping surface is consistent with the intensity distribution of the pumping light at the outlet of the horizontal homogenizing waveguide;
the surface of the grazing incidence structural lath for receiving the pumping light is a pumping surface, the front surface of the grazing incidence structural lath is a pumping surface, and a pumping light antireflection film is plated; the two side surfaces are laser light-passing surfaces, and the anti-reflection films corresponding to the laser wavelengths are plated according to the grazing incidence angle adopted; the upper large surface and the lower large surface are contacted with the heat sink to realize heat dissipation.
2. The pump structure for beam quality improvement of high power grazing incidence slab lasers according to claim 1, wherein the pump light source is a laser diode bar or a laser diode stack.
3. The pump structure for beam quality improvement of high power grazing incidence slab lasers of claim 1, wherein said coupling system comprises a horizontal-direction cylindrical lens and a vertical-direction cylindrical lens.
4. The pump structure for improved beam quality of high power glancing incidence slab lasers of claim 1, wherein said horizontally-oriented homogenizing waveguide comprises two intermediate spaced apart mutually parallel waveguide walls.
5. The pump structure for improved beam quality of high power grazing incidence slab lasers of claim 1, wherein the imaging system comprises a plurality of lenses to effect control of the pump facet pump spot size and aberrations of the grazing incidence structure slab.
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