CN109583076B - Design method of polar ice level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device - Google Patents
Design method of polar ice level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a design method of a polar ice-level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device, which comprises the following specific steps: 1) Determining an ice level symbol; 2) Determining basic parameters of blade diameter, blade number, pitch ratio, disc surface ratio and rotating speed; 3) Simulating ice impact load calculation; 4) Analyzing and obtaining data of thrust, rotating blade torque, ice impact torque load and blade failure load born by a propeller blade under ice impact load; 5) Carrying out ice load calculation and analysis on the blades of the controllable pitch propeller device; 6) Carrying out ice load fatigue analysis on the blade; 7) Analyzing bending moment generated by the ice load through the blade root bearing part and force generated by radial conversion of the ice load through the blade root bearing part; 8) Designing a controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism; 9) And (5) analyzing the static strength and the fatigue strength of the parts of the distance adjusting mechanism. The invention develops a design and evaluation method of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device under the ice load of the ice-level ship operation through the development of system design, calculation, analysis and evaluation work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polar ice level ship main propulsion system adjustable pitch propeller device, in particular to a design method of a main propulsion adjustable pitch propeller device of a ship with polar ice area water area navigation requirements.
Background
The design and manufacturing technology of the polar ice ship propeller is developed along with the research on the marine environment, climate and ice condition characteristics of the polar ice area for many years, the research and the mastering of the marine environment, climate condition and the like of the high-latitude area, and the research on the type of a main propulsion device, a propulsion shafting, the material, the design, the processing and the like of the polar ice ship propeller are all influencing factors and important technologies of the design and the technical development of the polar ice ship propeller. Through century development, a plurality of types of nuclear power propulsion systems, gas turbine main propulsion systems, diesel engine electric propulsion systems and the like are developed, and main propulsion pitch control devices are important types of current ice ship propellers.
The design of the polar ice-level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device must make assumptions on the ice shapes and physical properties of polar navigation water areas, and make reasonable assumptions and full assessment on the impact load of ice on the controllable pitch propeller device. The design of the ice-level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device and the torque load, the thrust load, the bending moment load and the like of a main propulsion system are quantitatively simulated, so that the performances of the main parts of the propeller, such as strength, fatigue and the like under ice load impact, are designed, analyzed and evaluated, wherein the strength and fatigue evaluation of the parts of the controllable pitch mechanism of the ice load transmitted to the controllable pitch propeller device are involved. If the load consideration of the components of the controllable pitch propeller device under the impact of ice load is insufficient or the evaluation is not proper, the control failure of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device of the ship or the mechanical leakage problem can be caused when the ship sails under the designed ice condition, and the situation that the ship body is damaged or the polar water area is polluted can be seriously caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method of a polar ice-level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device, which adopts a matching design between a ship body, a main engine and a propeller to optimize the design efficiency of blades and meet the indexes such as rapidness, maneuverability, vibration, noise and the like of ship navigation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a design method of a polar ice-level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Determining ice level symbols according to the navigation water area of the ship and seasonal marine environmental conditions and legal requirements;
(2) Preliminary design and model selection of the propeller are carried out according to the main propulsion arrangement condition of the ship and the model selection of the main propulsion prime motor, and basic parameters of blade diameter, blade number, pitch ratio, disk surface ratio and rotating speed are determined;
(3) Selecting the thickness of the designed ice blocks, and calculating simulated ice impact load by combining the basic parameters of the propeller design;
(4) Analyzing and obtaining data of thrust, rotating blade torque, ice impact torque load and blade failure load born by a propeller blade under ice impact load;
(5) The method comprises the steps of carrying out ice load calculation on the blades of the controllable pitch propeller device, analyzing stress distribution conditions of the blades, and analyzing the strength of key positions of blade roots and blade tips;
(6) According to the blade stress calculation result, calculating the ice load cycle times, and carrying out ice load fatigue analysis on the blade according to the weibull distribution theory and the linear accumulated damage theory;
(7) Analyzing bending moment generated by ice load through the blade root bearing part and force generated by radial conversion of the ice load through the blade root bearing part, and considering rotating blade torque transmitted to the adjustable distance mechanism by blade rotating blade torque;
(8) And (3) designing a controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism: the method comprises the steps of load transfer calculation of ice load on a controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism, controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism design and static strength and fatigue strength check of controllable pitch mechanism parts;
(9) And (5) analyzing the static strength and the fatigue strength of the parts of the distance adjusting mechanism.
Further, the specific method for calculating the simulated ice impact load comprises the following steps: preliminary design and model selection of the propeller are carried out according to the main propulsion arrangement condition of the ship and the model selection of the main propulsion prime motor, and basic parameters such as the diameter of the blades, the number of the blades, the pitch ratio, the disk surface ratio, the rotating speed and the like are determined; and simulating the size of ice cubes entering the propeller according to the ice level requirement, and calculating the simulated ice impact load by combining the basic parameters of the propeller design.
Further, it is characterized in that: the concrete method for calculating the ice load of the blade comprises the following steps: carrying out hydrodynamic design of the adjustable pitch propeller blades according to the navigation speed requirement of the ship; establishing a physical model of the controllable pitch propeller blade; determining proper unit types and grid densities, and establishing a blade finite element model; applying restraint and ice impact load to the blade; and carrying out finite element calculation to determine von Mises stress conditions of each area of the blade.
Further, the design of the controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism comprises the dimensional designs of blade root bearings, servo cylinders, blade root bolts, blade root pins, crank pins, sliding blocks, guide frame sliding grooves and the like; the checking of the static strength and the fatigue strength of the parts of the adjustable distance mechanism comprises checking of the static strength and the fatigue strength of a blade root bearing, a servo oil cylinder, a blade root bolt, a blade root pin, a crank pin, a sliding block and a guide frame sliding groove.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention is based on the solution of the main difficult problem of the design of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device of the ice-level ship, and obtains the ice load parameters required by the design of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device through the analysis of the ice area environment; the design and calculation work content of each part of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device is determined through analysis of the navigation working condition of the polar ice ship and summary of a large number of foreign research reports and summary of specifications; through the development of system design, calculation, analysis and evaluation work, a design and evaluation method of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device under the ice load of the ice-level ship operation is developed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a finite element model and stress cloud image of a blade stress analysis;
wherein: (a) finite element model diagrams, (b) stress cloud diagrams;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a typical adjustable pitch propeller arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a design flow of a polar ice stage watercraft pitch control device;
FIG. 4 is a load transfer analysis flow chart;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a root bearing check;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a servo cylinder and bolt check;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a root bolt and contact surface separation check;
FIG. 8 is a crank pin design and verification flow chart;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a slider strength check;
fig. 10 is a flow chart for checking the strength of the guide frame sliding groove.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a design method of a main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device of an ice-level ship, which is designed and calculated by combining requirements of regulations, specifications and the like based on the requirement of meeting the strength and fatigue analysis in an ice load environment, and provides a design method of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device of the ship in a polar region ice region, and a strength and fatigue checking method of parts, wherein the main design flow is as shown in fig. 3 to 10, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Determining the ice level symbol requirement: according to the ship mission book, determining the range and seasonal requirements of the ship navigation sea area, and determining the ice level symbol of the ship in-grade by combining the conditions of sea ice conditions, climate and the like and the related regulations of a sea management party. And determining the basic requirement on the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device according to the requirement of a user on the ice breaking mode of the ship and the sailing capacity of an ice area.
(2) Basic selection of controllable pitch propeller and blade design: according to the data of the speed and maneuverability requirements of the ship under different working conditions, the line type of the ship body, the resistance and the like, the symbol requirements of the ice level ship are combined, the driving power of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device of the ship is determined, and the primary design and the selection of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device are carried out. According to the running condition of the propeller (including the water area environment where the propeller is positioned), the specific requirement of the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller is provided, the design work of the propeller blades is carried out by adopting a circulation theory design method, the cavitation and hull vibration problems generated when the propeller blades are sailed in the ice-free water area are reduced, and the basic parameters such as the diameter, the number of the propeller blades, the pitch ratio, the disk surface ratio, the rotating speed and the like of the propeller blade design are obtained. And checking the rotating speed, the pitch ratio and the propeller hydrodynamic performance of the propeller during sailing and ice breaking in the ice breaking channel.
(3) Simulation calculation of ice load: selecting a maximum ice thickness H of the inlet propeller according to the requirements of the ship grading standard ice Intensity coefficient S of ice level ice Number of ice level loads N class The value is combined with basic parameters of propeller design to calculate ice impact load, and the thrust, rotating blade torque and ice impact torque load born by propeller blades under the ice impact load are obtained through analysisLoad, blade failure load, etc.
(4) Blade stress analysis: and loading the blades of the controllable pitch propeller device according to a specific load application method, and analyzing the stress distribution condition of the blades. Firstly, establishing a physical model of a controllable pitch propeller blade, determining proper unit types and grid densities, and establishing a blade finite element model, wherein constraint and ice impact load are applied to the blade as shown in fig. 1 (a); performing finite element calculation to determine von Mises stress conditions of each area of the blade, as shown in fig. 1 (b), and then analyzing the intensities of key parts such as blade roots, blade surface parts, blade tips and the like;
(5) Blade fatigue analysis: and calculating the cycle times of ice load according to the blade stress calculation result, and carrying out ice load fatigue analysis on the blade according to a weibull distribution theory (the following formula) and a linear accumulated damage theory.
Where k is the shape parameter of the load spectrum, N ice Is the number of load cycles in the load spectrum, F ice Is an ice-carrying random variable, F is more than or equal to 0 ice ≤(F ice ) max . K=0.75 for open paddles and k=1.0 for ducted paddles.
The stress amplitude distribution of the blade is simplified into
Wherein Weibull shape factor k=0.75 for open paddles and k=1.0 for ducted paddles.
(6) Load transfer calculation of the adjustable distance mechanism: bending moments generated by the ice load through the root bearing portion and forces generated by the ice load undergoing radial translation through the root bearing portion are analyzed. Consider the torque of the rotor of the blade 7 transmitted to the controllable pitch mechanism.
(7) And (3) designing a controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism: as shown in fig. 2, the blade root bearing 1, the servo cylinder 2, the blade root bolt 3, the blade root pin, the crank pin 4, the slider 5, and the guide frame chute 6 are designed and checked.
(8) And (3) analyzing the static strength and fatigue strength of the materials of the parts of the distance adjusting mechanism: and calculating the intensity of the adjustable distance mechanism according to the peak torque and the thrust data. And (3) carrying out fatigue strength calculation on the adjustable distance mechanism component under ice impact load by adopting Weibull distribution theory and linear accumulated damage theory, so as to meet the fatigue balance index.
The following relationship applies to fatigue strength in non-corrosive environments during the Ei cycle:
wherein sigma fatEi Indicating fatigue strength of the unnotched test piece in air rotating bending, f rough The surface roughness influence coefficient (-), q denotes the notch sensitivity coefficient (-), kt denotes the geometric stress concentration coefficient (-), which was mentioned in the previous section, kmean denotes the correction coefficient for the mean stress influence, ksize denotes the correction coefficient for the size influence, kvar denotes the correction coefficient for the variable load influence, kload denotes the correction coefficient for other types of loads than bending.
(9) Anti-icing design and insulation design: and designing a temperature regulating device for an oil circuit system of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device according to the environmental conditions in the cabin, and analyzing the temperature and viscosity characteristics of a lubricating oil circuit of the equipment. The controllable pitch propeller device is subjected to the protection design of anti-ice block impact, and materials exposed in seawater or a low-temperature environment are subjected to a low-temperature impact test, so that the strength and specification requirements are met.
(10) And (3) test verification: including ice pool tests and conventional pool tests. According to the characteristics of ice blocks in the sailing water area, the components and physical characteristics of the ice blocks are adjusted in the ice pool environment, the ice layer materials and thickness of the designed ice conditions are simulated, and the ice blocks are sized when necessary to simulate the real conditions of the channel. The strength of the propeller design and the ice field sailing performance are evaluated by observing the sailing condition of the ship in the ice pool, and the load and vibration generated by the ice blocks acting on the propeller model. And the hydrodynamic characteristics, cavitation, pulsation pressure and other characteristics of the controllable pitch propeller device are verified through an open water test and a cavitation and pulsation pressure test, so that the design verification of the main propulsion controllable pitch propeller blade is completed.
Claims (1)
1. The design method of the polar ice-level ship main propulsion controllable pitch propeller device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Determining ice level symbols according to the navigation water area of the ship and seasonal marine environmental conditions and legal requirements;
(2) Preliminary design and model selection of the propeller are carried out according to the main propulsion arrangement condition of the ship and the model selection of the main propulsion prime motor, and basic parameters of blade diameter, blade number, pitch ratio, disk surface ratio and rotating speed are determined;
(3) Selecting the thickness of the designed ice blocks, and calculating simulated ice impact load by combining the basic parameters of the propeller design; the specific method for calculating the simulated ice impact load comprises the following steps: preliminary design and model selection of the propeller are carried out according to the main propulsion arrangement condition of the ship and the model selection of the main propulsion prime motor, and basic parameters of blade diameter, blade number, pitch ratio, disk surface ratio and rotating speed are determined; simulating the size of ice cubes entering the propeller according to the ice level requirement, and calculating simulated ice impact load by combining the basic parameters of the propeller design;
(4) Analyzing and obtaining data of thrust, rotating blade torque, ice impact torque load and blade failure load born by a propeller blade under ice impact load;
(5) The method comprises the steps of carrying out ice load calculation on the blades of the controllable pitch propeller device, analyzing stress distribution conditions of the blades, and analyzing the strength of key positions of blade roots and blade tips; the concrete method for calculating the ice load of the blade comprises the following steps: carrying out hydrodynamic design of the adjustable pitch propeller blades according to the navigation speed requirement of the ship; establishing a physical model of the controllable pitch propeller blade; determining proper unit types and grid densities, and establishing a blade finite element model; applying restraint and ice impact load to the blade; performing finite element calculation to determine von Mises stress conditions of each area of the blade;
(6) According to the blade stress calculation result, calculating the ice load cycle times, and carrying out ice load fatigue analysis on the blade according to the weibull distribution theory and the linear accumulated damage theory;
(7) Analyzing bending moment generated by ice load through the blade root bearing part and force generated by radial conversion of the ice load through the blade root bearing part, and considering rotating blade torque transmitted to the adjustable distance mechanism by blade rotating blade torque;
(8) And (3) designing a controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism: the method comprises the steps of load transfer calculation of ice load on a controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism, controllable pitch propeller controllable pitch mechanism design and static strength and fatigue strength check of controllable pitch mechanism parts; the pitch control mechanism design of the pitch control propeller comprises a blade root bearing, a servo oil cylinder, a blade root bolt, a blade root pin, a crank pin, a sliding block and a guide frame sliding groove; the checking of the static strength and the fatigue strength of the parts of the adjustable distance mechanism comprises checking of the static strength and the fatigue strength of a blade root bearing, a servo oil cylinder, a blade root bolt, a blade root pin, a crank pin, a sliding block and a guide frame sliding groove;
(9) And (5) analyzing the static strength and the fatigue strength of the parts of the distance adjusting mechanism.
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| CN110197025B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2022-12-02 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Design method of aero-engine case bolt connection structure |
| CN112874719A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-06-01 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Ice zone ship propeller blade optimization method for improving ice load resistance |
| CN114154379A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-08 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Method for calculating strength of polar region ship propeller |
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