CN109583076A - Polar ice grade ship is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method - Google Patents

Polar ice grade ship is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method Download PDF

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CN109583076A
CN109583076A CN201811415683.1A CN201811415683A CN109583076A CN 109583076 A CN109583076 A CN 109583076A CN 201811415683 A CN201811415683 A CN 201811415683A CN 109583076 A CN109583076 A CN 109583076A
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ice
blade
design
load
pitch propeller
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CN109583076B (en
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张俊武
施睿贇
李梓
周林慧
邹义
倪卫国
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704th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G06F30/23Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of polar ice grade ships to promote mainly into pitch propeller device design method, specific steps are as follows: 1) determines ice class notation;2) diameter of propeller blade, blade quantity, screw pitch ratio, disk ratio, revolving speed basic parameter are determined;3) simulation ice shock loading calculates;4) analysis obtains the thrust that propeller blade is born under ice shock loading, rotating vane torque, ice impulsive torque load, blade failure load data;5) ice load calculating and analysis are carried out to the blade of pitch propeller device;6) ice load analysis of fatigue is carried out to blade;7) moment of flexure and ice load that analysis ice load is generated by blade root bearing portions carry out the power that radial conversion generates by blade root bearing portions;8) design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor is carried out;9) distance adjustor components static strength and Fatigue Strength Analysis.The present invention develops the design and appraisal procedure promoted mainly under ice grade shipping transport ice load into pitch propeller device by designing system, calculating, analyze and the development of evaluation work.

Description

Polar ice grade ship is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polar ice grade ship basic propulsion system pitch propeller devices, and in particular to one kind has polar ice The design method of the ship of area's water-area navigation demand promoted mainly into adjustable propeller arrangement.
Background technique
The design and fabrication technology of polar ice grade marine propeller is along with for many years to polar region ice formation marine environment, gas Wait, the research of ice regime characteristic and generate and develop, research and the palm to marine environment, the weather conditions of high latitude area etc. It holds, the research to the main propelling machinery pattern of polar ice grade navigating ship, Propulsion Systems, the material of propeller, design, processing etc. It is all the influence factor and important technology of the development of polar ice grade marine propeller designing technique.Polar ice grade ship passes through a generation There is atomic propulsion system, gas turbine basic propulsion system, diesel propulsion system, diesel electric in the development of discipline Into a variety of patterns such as system, and promote mainly be into pitch propeller device current ice grade marine propeller important pattern.
Polar ice grade ship promote mainly into pitch propeller device design must ice cube form to arctic navigation waters, physics it is special Property carry out it is assumed that ice cube act on pitch propeller device shock loading carry out reasonable assumption and sufficiently assessment.To ice grade ship It promotes mainly design and torque load, thrust load, the bending load of basic propulsion system etc. into pitch propeller device and carries out quantization simulation, To which the performances such as intensity, fatigue of the propeller main component under ice load impact are designed, analyze and be assessed, wherein relating to And the intensity and Fatigue Assessment of pitch propeller device distance adjustor components are transferred to ice load.If to ice load percussion The load of lower each component of pitch propeller device considers that insufficient or assessment is inappropriate, then may cause when navigating by water under designing ice regime Ship promote mainly into pitch propeller device manipulation failure or leads to the problem of mechanical leaks, the serious hull that also results in is impaired or pollute The case where polar region waters.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide for a kind of polar ice grade ship and promotes mainly into pitch propeller device design method, and this method is using considering Matched design between hull-host-propeller optimizes blade design efficiency, meet the rapidity of ship's navigation, mobility, The indexs such as vibration, noise, purpose aim to solve the problem that the pitch propeller device of polar region ice formation navigating ship in specific ice shock loading feelings The evaluation problems such as intensity, the fatigue of the design of pitch propeller device mechanism and components under condition.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that a kind of polar ice grade ship is promoted mainly and set into pitch propeller device Meter method, specific steps are as follows:
(1) ice class notation is determined according to ship's navigation waters and seasonal marine environmental conditions, laws and regulations requirement;
(2) it promotes mainly into deployment scenarios according to ship and promotes mainly Preliminary design and choosing into prime mover type selecting progress propeller Type determines diameter of propeller blade, blade quantity, screw pitch ratio, disk ratio, revolving speed basic parameter;
(3) design ice thickness is chosen, in conjunction with the basic parameter of impeller design, simulation ice shock loading is carried out and calculates;
(4) analysis obtains the thrust that propeller blade is born under ice shock loading, rotating vane torque, ice impulsive torque and carries Lotus, blade failure load data;
(5) ice load calculating is carried out to the blade of pitch propeller device, the stress distribution situation of blade is analyzed, to blade root, leaf The intensity of tip keypoint part is analyzed;
(6) according to blade stress calculating results, ice load cycle-index is calculated, according to weibull distribution theory and linearly Cumulative damage theory carries out ice load analysis of fatigue to blade;
(7) moment of flexure and ice load that analysis ice load is generated by blade root bearing portions carry out diameter by blade root bearing portions The power generated to conversion, and consider that blade rotating vane torque is transferred to the rotating vane torque of distance adjustor;
(8) it carries out the design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor: calculating, adjusts including load transmission of the ice load to tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor Static strength and checking fatigue strength away from the design of paddle distance adjustor and distance adjustor components;
(9) distance adjustor components static strength and Fatigue Strength Analysis.
Further, the simulation ice shock loading calculates method particularly includes: is promoted mainly according to ship into deployment scenarios and master Promote prime mover type selecting carry out propeller Preliminary design and type selecting, determine diameter of propeller blade, blade quantity, screw pitch ratio, disk ratio, The basic parameters such as revolving speed;Simulation is required to enter the nugget size of propeller according to ice grade, in conjunction with the basic parameter of impeller design, Simulation ice shock loading is carried out to calculate.
Further, it is characterised in that: the blade carries out ice load calculating method particularly includes: is required according to ship speed Carry out the Hydrodynamic design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller blade;Establish the physical model of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller blade;Determine suitable cell type and grid Density establishes blade finite element model;Constraint and ice shock loading are applied to blade;It carries out FEM calculation and determines each area of blade The von Mises stress situation in domain.
Further, the tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor design includes blade root bearing, servo-cylinder, blade root bolt, blade root pin, song The size design of handle pin, sliding block, saddle sliding slot etc.;The distance adjustor components static strength and checking fatigue strength include blade root Bearing, servo-cylinder, blade root bolt, blade root pin, crank-pin, sliding block, the static strength of saddle sliding slot and checking fatigue strength.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention promotes mainly the solution of the Major Difficulties problem designed into pitch propeller device based on ice grade ship, by ice The ice load parameter wanted into pitch propeller device design is promoted mainly in the analysis acquisition of area's environment;By to polar ice grade ship The analysis of running working condition and to the report of external numerous studies summarize and summary to specification, it is determined that promote mainly and filled into tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller It sets the design of each components and calculates action;By designing system, calculating, analyze and the development of evaluation work, exploitation The design and appraisal procedure into pitch propeller device are promoted mainly under ice grade shipping transport ice load.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is blade stress analysis finite element model and Stress Map;
Wherein: (a) finite element model figure, (b) Stress Map;
Fig. 2 is typical pitch propeller device schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the design cycle of polar ice grade ship pitch propeller device;
Fig. 4 is load transmission analysis flow chart diagram;
Fig. 5 is that blade root bearing checks flow chart;
Fig. 6 is that servo-cylinder and bolt check flow chart;
Fig. 7 is that flow chart is checked in blade root bolt and contact surface separation;
Fig. 8 is crank-pin design and check flow chart;
Fig. 9 is sliding block strength check flow chart;
Figure 10 is saddle sliding slot strength check flow chart.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Ice grade ship of the invention is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method, from the intensity that meets under ice load environment and tired Labor analysis requires to set out, and is designed and calculates in conjunction with requirements such as regulation, specifications, provides polar region ice formation navigating ship and promote mainly into tune Intensity, the Checking Fatigue method of design method and components away from paddle device, major design process, as shown in Figures 3 to 10, The design cycle includes the following steps:
(1) determine ice class notation requirement: according to ship charter, ship's navigation sea area range and seasonality are wanted in determination It asks, the ice class notation of Classification of Vessel is determined in conjunction with the pertinent regulations of the conditions such as sea area ice regime, weather and marine area management side.According to Requirement of the family to ship ice-breaking mode, ice navigation ability determines the basic demand to promoting mainly into pitch propeller device.
(2) the basic type selecting and blade design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller: according under ship difference operating condition the speed of a ship or plane and mobility demand with And the data such as shipform, resistance determine that ship promotes mainly the driving function into pitch propeller device in conjunction with the symbol requirement of ice grade ship Rate, and promoted mainly Preliminary design and type selecting into pitch propeller device.According to the operating condition of propeller (including locating waters Environment) propose propeller hydrodynamic performance specific requirement, using circulation theory design method carry out blade design work, subtract The vacuole and ship hull vibration problem that small blade is generated in no ice water-area navigation, and obtain the diameter of blade design, blade quantity, The basic parameters such as screw pitch ratio, disk ratio, revolving speed.Revolving speed, the screw pitch ratio of propeller when being navigated by water to navigation in trash ice navigation channel and ice-breaking It is checked with Hydrodynamic Performance on Propeller.
(3) simulation of ice load calculates: according to the requirement of Classification of Vessel specification choose design assumption into propeller Maximum ice thickness Hice, ice grade strength factor Sice, ice grade load times NclassValue, in conjunction with the basic parameter of impeller design, The calculating of ice shock loading is carried out, analysis obtains the thrust that propeller blade is born under ice shock loading, rotating vane torque, ice impact The data such as torque load, blade failure load.
(4) blade stress analysis: loading the blade of pitch propeller device according to specific load applying method, analysis The stress distribution situation of blade.The physical model for initially setting up tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller blade determines suitable cell type and mesh-density, Blade finite element model is established, as shown in Fig. 1 (a), constraint and ice shock loading are applied to blade;FEM calculation is carried out to determine The von Mises stress situation in each region of blade, as shown in Fig. 1 (b), then to keypoint parts such as blade root, blade face part, blade tips Intensity analyzed;
(5) blade analysis of fatigue: according to blade stress calculating results, ice load cycle-index is calculated, according to weibull points Cloth theory (such as following formula) and linear cumulative damage law carry out ice load analysis of fatigue to blade.
Wherein, k is the form parameter of loading spectrum, NiceIt is the load cycle number in loading spectrum, FiceIt is that ice carries random become Amount, 0≤Fice≤(Fice)max.To spacious water paddle, k=0.75, to catheter propeller, k=1.0.
The distribution of blade stress amplitude is reduced to
Wherein, for open type paddle, Weibull form factor k=0.75, for catheter propeller k=1.0.
(6) distance adjustor load transmission calculates: the moment of flexure and ice load that analysis ice load is generated by blade root bearing portions The power that radial conversion generates is carried out by blade root bearing portions.Consider that the rotating vane torque of blade 7 is transferred to the rotating vane of distance adjustor Torque.
(7) tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor design: as shown in Fig. 2, blade root bearing 1, servo-cylinder 2, blade root bolt 3, blade root pin, The design and check of crank-pin 4, sliding block 5, saddle sliding slot 6.
(8) it distance adjustor components material static strength and Fatigue Strength Analysis: is exchanged according to peak torque and thrust data Spacing mechanism carries out Strength co-mputation.Using Weibull distribution theory and linear cumulative damage law to the roll adjustment under ice shock loading Mechanism part carries out Calculation of Fatigue Strength, meets the quasi- index of fatigue weighing apparatus.
Following relationship is suitable for the fatigue strength when Ei period under non-corrosive environment:
Wherein, σfatEiIndicate the fatigue strength of non-notch test specimen rotoflector in the sky, froughIndicate surface roughness shadow It rings coefficient (-), q indication notch sensitivity coefficient (-), kt indicates geometrical stress coefficient of concentration (-), mentions in chapters and sections in front And Kmean indicates the correction coefficient that mean stress influences, Ksize indicates the correction coefficient that size influences, and Kvar indicates variable negative The correction coefficient that lotus influences, Kload indicate the correction coefficient of other types load in addition to curved.
(9) deicing design and INSULATION DESIGN: according to the environmental condition in cabin to the oil circuit system promoted mainly into pitch propeller device System design temperature regulating device, analyzes the temperature and viscosity characteristics of equipment lubrication oil circuit.Pitch propeller device is prevented The protection design of ice cube impact, be exposed to material in seawater or low temperature environment should by low-temperature impact test, meet intensity with Code requirement.
(10) verification experimental verification: including the test of ice pond and conventional basin test.According to the ice cube characteristic in navigated by water waters, in ice Ice cube ingredient and ice cube physical characteristic, the ice sheet material and thickness of board design ice regime, when necessary to ice cube are adjusted under pool environment Dimensioned is carried out to simulate the truth in navigation channel.Spiral shell is acted on by sailing condition, ice cube of the observation ship in ice pond Load and vibration that paddle model generates are revolved, the intensity and ice navigation performance of Design of Propeller are assessed.Pass through open water test and sky The characteristics such as bubble, the hydrodynamic characterisitic of fluctuation pressure verification experimental verification pitch propeller device and vacuole, fluctuation pressure are completed to promoting mainly into tune Design verifying away from paddle blade.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of polar ice grade ship is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) ice class notation is determined according to ship's navigation waters and seasonal marine environmental conditions, laws and regulations requirement;
(2) it promotes mainly into deployment scenarios according to ship and promotes mainly Preliminary design and type selecting into prime mover type selecting progress propeller, really Determine diameter of propeller blade, blade quantity, screw pitch ratio, disk ratio, revolving speed basic parameter;
(3) design ice thickness is chosen, in conjunction with the basic parameter of impeller design, simulation ice shock loading is carried out and calculates;
(4) analysis obtains the thrust that propeller blade is born under ice shock loading, rotating vane torque, ice impulsive torque load, leaf Piece failure load data;
(5) ice load calculating is carried out to the blade of pitch propeller device, the stress distribution situation of blade is analyzed, to blade root, blade tip weight The intensity at point position is analyzed;
(6) according to blade stress calculating results, ice load cycle-index is calculated, according to weibull distribution theory and linear accumulation Defect theory carries out ice load analysis of fatigue to blade;
(7) moment of flexure and ice load that analysis ice load is generated by blade root bearing portions carry out radial turn by blade root bearing portions Change the power generated, and considers that blade rotating vane torque is transferred to the rotating vane torque of distance adjustor;
(8) it carries out the design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor: being calculated including load transmission of the ice load to tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor, tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller The static strength and checking fatigue strength of distance adjustor design and distance adjustor components;
(9) distance adjustor components static strength and Fatigue Strength Analysis.
2. polar ice grade ship according to claim 1 is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method, it is characterised in that: described Simulate what ice shock loading calculated method particularly includes: promote mainly according to ship into deployment scenarios and promoting mainly into prime mover type selecting and pushed away Into the Preliminary design and type selecting of device, the basic parameters such as diameter of propeller blade, blade quantity, screw pitch ratio, disk ratio, revolving speed are determined;According to The nugget size that ice grade requires simulation to enter propeller carries out simulation ice shock loading in conjunction with the basic parameter of impeller design It calculates.
3. polar ice grade ship according to claim 1 is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method, it is characterised in that: described Blade carries out ice load calculating method particularly includes: is required to carry out the Hydrodynamic design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller blade according to ship speed;It builds The physical model of vertical tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller blade;It determines suitable cell type and mesh-density, establishes blade finite element model;To blade Apply constraint and ice shock loading;Carry out the von Mises stress situation that FEM calculation determines each region of blade.
4. polar ice grade ship according to claim 1 is promoted mainly into pitch propeller device design method, it is characterised in that: described The design of tuning for Controllable Pitch Propeller distance adjustor includes blade root bearing, servo-cylinder, blade root bolt, blade root pin, crank-pin, sliding block, saddle sliding slot Deng size design;The distance adjustor components static strength and checking fatigue strength include blade root bearing, servo-cylinder, blade root Bolt, blade root pin, crank-pin, sliding block, the static strength of saddle sliding slot and checking fatigue strength.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110197025A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-09-03 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 The design method of aero-engine casing bolt fastening structure
CN112874719A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-06-01 中国舰船研究设计中心 Ice zone ship propeller blade optimization method for improving ice load resistance
CN114154379A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-08 中国船舶科学研究中心 Method for calculating strength of polar region ship propeller

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CN110197025A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-09-03 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 The design method of aero-engine casing bolt fastening structure
CN112874719A (en) * 2020-12-03 2021-06-01 中国舰船研究设计中心 Ice zone ship propeller blade optimization method for improving ice load resistance
CN114154379A (en) * 2021-12-06 2022-03-08 中国船舶科学研究中心 Method for calculating strength of polar region ship propeller

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