CN109582999A - Applied to second harmonic antenna structure and its calibration method in wireless power transfer - Google Patents
Applied to second harmonic antenna structure and its calibration method in wireless power transfer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to be applied to second harmonic antenna calibration method in wireless power transfer.The corresponding RECTIFYING ANTENNA of this method includes antenna 1, antenna 2, voltage multiplie 1, voltage multiplie 2 and modified annular hybrid network；Voltage multiplie 1 is identical with 2 circuit structure of voltage multiplie, and voltage multiplie 1 and the output of voltage multiplie 2 connect mutual loadR LRealize dc power superposition；Modified annular hybrid network port 4 connects antenna 1 in the method, and modified annular hybrid network port 2 connects antenna 2, and antenna 1 receives incident electromagnetic wave and is transmitted to voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 by modified annular hybrid network；Along with second_harmonic generation while voltage multiplie 1 and 2 high efficiency of voltage multiplie conversion incident electromagnetic wave to dc power, due to introducing quarter-wave short branch, the second harmonic that voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 generate will be completely reflected and be transmitted to annular hybrid network port 2, realize second harmonic in the maximum output of port 2 by introducing impedance transformer in port 2, and second harmonic feedback is realized by antenna 2, to reach antenna calibration purpose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna calibration methods, in particular to a kind of to be applied to second harmonic day in wireless power transfer
Line calibration method.
Background technique
Far field wireless power transfer technology promotes wireless sensor network fast development.Highly directional reception, transmitting antenna
Use can be realized wireless power link between base station and wireless sensor network.However, as shown in Figure 1, receiving, transmitting antenna
Between problem of misalignment seriously affect the efficiency of wireless power link.Therefore, wireless power transfer application in, need to receive,
Transmitting antenna is calibrated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide second harmonic antenna calibration method in wireless power transfer, including antenna 1, antenna 2,
Voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 and modified annular hybrid network；The voltage multiplie 1 includes the first diode of series aiding connectionD 1
With the second diodeD 2, concatenated first diodeD 1With the second diodeD 2The second capacitor of both ends parallel connectionC 2, the second diodeD 2
Plus earth, first diodeD 1With the second diodeD 2Between electrode points and first capacitorC 1One end be connected, first electricity
HoldC 1Input terminal of the other end as voltage multiplie 1；The voltage multiplie 2 includes the third diode of series aiding connectionD 3With the four or two
Pole pipeD 4, concatenated third diodeD 3With the 4th diodeD 4The 4th capacitor of both ends parallel connectionC 4, third diodeD 3Anode connect
Ground, third diodeD 3With the 4th diodeD 4Between electrode points and third capacitorC 3One end be connected, third capacitorC 3It is another
Input terminal of the one end as voltage multiplie 2.
The output of the voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 connects mutual loadR LRealize dc power superposition.The mixing of modified annular
Four ports of network are respectively port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4.Port 4 connects antenna 1, and port 1 and port 3 connect again respectively
Depressor 1 and voltage multiplie 2, port 2 connect antenna 2.
Two short branch are introduced at 1/3rd eight wavelength of port 1 and port, short branch length is a quarter
Wavelength；Impedance transformer is connect at port 2.
Problem of misalignment between transmitting, receiving antenna is solved, guarantees to reach receiving antenna power density, improves wireless power transfer
System performance, comprising the following steps:
Step 1): being equivalent to open-circuit condition to fundamental wave incident electromagnetic wave due to introducing quarter-wave short branch, right
Fundamental wave incident frequencies are without influence；The antenna 1 receives the fundamental frequency electromagnetic wave that identical working frequency antenna 3 emits, and passes through
Modified annular hybrid network is transmitted to voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2；Voltage multiplie 1 and 2 high efficiency of voltage multiplie convert incident electromagnetic wave
Second harmonic is generated while to dc power.
Step 2: short-circuit condition, 1 He of voltage multiplie are equivalent to second harmonic due to introducing quarter-wave short branch
The second harmonic that voltage multiplie 2 generates is completely reflected and is transmitted to port 2, is realized by the impedance transformer of introducing secondary humorous
Maximum output of the wave at port 2.
Step 3)；Second harmonic realizes second harmonic feedback as second harmonic antenna input power.The improvement type ring
Shape hybrid network port 2 connects antenna 2 and realizes second harmonic feedback, and is received by second harmonic antenna 4；
Step 4) is in distancedIt in identical situation consistent with signal source transmission power, receives, dislocation and second harmonic between transmitting antenna
Feedback power is related, to realize antenna calibration by the second harmonic feedback power received.Antenna 4 receives secondary humorous
Wave feedback is related to dislocation angle, and when dislocation angle is zero degree, the second harmonic feedback power received is maximum, to realize two
Subharmonic antenna calibration method.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are the second harmonic antenna schools of modified annular hybrid network
Quasi- method does not need additionally to add feed circuit, facilitates the reality of circuit structure compact high efficient rate wireless power transmission system
It is existing.
Detailed description of the invention
The reception of Fig. 1 wireless power transfer technology, transmitting antenna dislocation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 traditional endless hybrid network circuit symbol；
Fig. 3 modified annular hybrid network circuit symbol；
RECTIFYING ANTENNA of the Fig. 4 based on traditional endless hybrid network；
RECTIFYING ANTENNA of the Fig. 5 based on modified annular hybrid network；
Fig. 6 second harmonic antenna calibration method case study on implementation.
Specific embodiment
It is described further below with reference to embodiment and working principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the circuit of traditional endless hybrid network indicates symbol；As four port networks, if all of the port is matched to
50 ohm, the input power equal part of port 4 to port 1 and port 3；Port 1 and 3 voltage signal of port have 180 degree phase difference, end
Mouth 4 is isolated with port 2, i.e., no power transmission to port 4；The annular hybrid network work is in fundamental wave frequency range w0Scattering ginseng
Matrix number are as follows:
Fig. 3 is that the circuit of modified annular hybrid network indicates symbol；Modified annular hybrid network is in traditional endless hybrid network
Two identical quarter-wave short branch are added on the basis of network, since a quarter short branch is for fundamental frequency
Open-circuit characteristic work as all of the port so that modified annular hybrid network still maintains the characteristic of traditional endless hybrid network
It is matched to 50 ohm, the input power equal part of port 4 to port 1 and port 3；Port 1 and 3 voltage signal of port have 180 degree phase
Potential difference, port 4 are isolated with port 2, i.e., no power transmission to port 4；Meanwhile quarter-wave short branch is for secondary
Harmonic wave is equivalent to short circuit, so that the second harmonic that voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 generate is equivalent by quarter-wave short branch
Short circuit is fully reflective and is transmitted to port 2.Shown in Fig. 5.The modified RECTIFYING ANTENNA has second harmonic feedback characteristics, and
And the effective working port of its second harmonic are as follows: multiplication of voltage may be implemented by introducing impedance transformer in port 1, port 2 and port 3
The maximization of the second harmonic of device 1 and voltage multiplie 2 is transferred into port 2.Port 1, port 2 and the corresponding second harmonic 2w in port 30
Scattering parameter matrix are as follows:
Embodiment explanation
Fig. 6 show second harmonic antenna calibration method embodiment, calculates for convenience, it is assumed that modified annular hybrid network
The radiofrequency signal that the port 4 of network receives is, according to annular hybrid network fundamental scatter parameter matrix, 1 He of port
The radiofrequency signal of port 3 can respectively indicate are as follows:
The output response of non-linear voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 can be described by Taylor expansion, such as voltage in formula (3)When as input voltage, the output response of voltage multiplie 1 can be expressed as
| (5) |
WhereinIt is output response voltage,,,WithIt is Taylor expansion coefficient.According to trigonometric function relationship cos2 x
= (cos2x+ 1)/2, second harmonic byIt generates, and the generation of second harmonic increases with the increase of input power.
Therefore, the secondary subharmonic of voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 in the port 1 of modified annular hybrid network and the generation of port 3 can be with table
It is shown as:
Voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 generate the second harmonic of same magnitude and phase.According to the spy of modified annular hybrid network
The second harmonic that point, voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 generate can all be reflected by a quarter short branch and be transmitted to port 2,
The maximum output of second harmonic is realized at port 2 by impedance transformer, and connects antenna 2 and realizes second harmonic feedback, with
Reach reception, transmitting antenna calibration.
It is illustrated in figure 6 the case study on implementation of second harmonic antenna calibration method.Antenna 1, antenna 2 are parallel and are spaced phase
Together, identical as 4 antenna 3 of identical topology, antenna angles to ensure, i.e. q.Antenna 1 and 3 gain of antenna are related to q, and q is got over
Small gain is bigger, and gain reaches maximum when q is zero degree, can be expressed as G (q).Therefore, when 3 transmission power of antenna isP txWhen, day
The power that line 1 can receiveP inIt can be calculated according to radar equation:
WhereinIt is corresponding electromagnetic wavelength under fundamental wave working frequency.
The power that antenna 1 receivesP inVoltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 are transmitted to by modified annular hybrid network.It is convenient
Calculate analysis, it is assumed that the ratio that voltage multiplie 1 and 2 second_harmonic generation of voltage multiplie account for total power input is k, therefore, second harmonic
It is transmitted to the power of modified annular hybrid network port 2It may be calculated:
It is transmitted to input power of the second harmonic of modified annular hybrid network port 2 as antenna 2, to realize secondary humorous
Wave feedback.Receiving antenna 4 receives second harmonic feedback, the second-harmonic power receivedIt can be according to radar equation
It calculates:
WhereinIt is corresponding electromagnetic wavelength under second harmonic frequency,It is that second harmonic antenna 2 and antenna 4 are corresponding
Antenna gain, to dislocation angle q it is related, the smaller gain of q is bigger, q be zero degree when gain reach maximum.
Therefore, by formula (10) as can be seen that second-harmonic power size and dislocation that second harmonic antenna 4 receives
Angle q is closely related, and when q is zero degree, the second-harmonic power received reaches maximum, thus realize by second harmonic into
Row antenna calibration method.
Claims (3)
1. being applied to second harmonic antenna structure in wireless power transfer, which is characterized in that including antenna 1, antenna 2, voltage multiplie 1
With voltage multiplie 2 and modified annular hybrid network；
The voltage multiplie 1 includes the first diode of series aiding connectionD 1With the second diodeD 2, concatenated first diodeD 1With
Two diodesD 2The second capacitor of both ends parallel connectionC 2, the second diodeD 2Plus earth, first diodeD 1With the second diodeD 2
Between electrode points and first capacitorC 1One end be connected, first capacitorC 1Input terminal of the other end as voltage multiplie 1；It is described
Voltage multiplie 2 includes the third diode of series aiding connectionD 3With the 4th diodeD 4, concatenated third diodeD 3With the 4th diodeD 4The 4th capacitor of both ends parallel connectionC 4, third diodeD 3Plus earth, third diodeD 3With the 4th diodeD 4Between electricity
Pole and third capacitorC 3One end be connected, third capacitorC 3Input terminal of the other end as voltage multiplie 2；
The output of the voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 connects mutual loadR LRealize dc power superposition；
Four ports of modified annular hybrid network are respectively port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4；
Port 4 connects antenna 1, and port 1 and port 3 connect voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2 respectively, and port 2 connects antenna 2；
It is applied to second harmonic antenna structure in wireless power transfer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that apart from port
1 and 1/3rd eight wavelength of port at introduce two short branch, short branch length be quarter-wave；Resistance is connect at port 2
Resistance parallel operation.
2. being applied to the calibration method of second harmonic antenna structure in wireless power transfer, which is characterized in that solve transmitting, receive
Problem of misalignment between antenna guarantees to reach receiving antenna power density, improves wireless power transmission system performance, including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1): being equivalent to open-circuit condition to fundamental wave incident electromagnetic wave due to introducing quarter-wave short branch, right
Fundamental wave incident frequencies are without influence；The antenna 1 receives the fundamental frequency electromagnetic wave that identical working frequency antenna 3 emits, and passes through
Modified annular hybrid network is transmitted to voltage multiplie 1 and voltage multiplie 2；Voltage multiplie 1 and 2 high efficiency of voltage multiplie convert incident electromagnetic wave
Second harmonic is generated while to dc power.
3. step 2: short-circuit condition is equivalent to second harmonic due to introducing quarter-wave short branch, voltage multiplie 1 and times
The second harmonic that depressor 2 generates is completely reflected and is transmitted to port 2, realizes second harmonic by the impedance transformer of introducing
Maximum output at port 2；
Step 3)；Second harmonic realizes second harmonic feedback as second harmonic antenna input power；
The modified annular hybrid network port 2 connects antenna 2 and realizes second harmonic feedback, and is connect by second harmonic antenna 4
It receives；
Step 4) is in distancedIt in identical situation consistent with signal source transmission power, receives, dislocation and second harmonic between transmitting antenna
Feedback power is related, to realize antenna calibration by the second harmonic feedback power received；
Second harmonic that antenna 4 receives feedback and dislocation angle are related, when the angle that misplaces is zero degree, the second harmonic that receives
Feedback power is maximum, to realize second harmonic antenna calibration method.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111865355A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 西北工业大学 | Wireless power and information transmission system based on second harmonic |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111865355A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-30 | 西北工业大学 | Wireless power and information transmission system based on second harmonic |
| CN111865355B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-09-03 | 西北工业大学 | Wireless power and information transmission system based on second harmonic |
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