CN104682576B - Add the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of adaptive both-end impedance transformer network - Google Patents

Add the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of adaptive both-end impedance transformer network Download PDF

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CN104682576B
CN104682576B CN201510092338.9A CN201510092338A CN104682576B CN 104682576 B CN104682576 B CN 104682576B CN 201510092338 A CN201510092338 A CN 201510092338A CN 104682576 B CN104682576 B CN 104682576B
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impedance
coil
network
high frequency
power source
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CN104682576A (en
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王学梅
王振亚
张波
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

The invention provides the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system for adding adaptive both-end impedance transformer network.System includes high frequency power source module, primary impedance converting network module, secondary impedance converting network module, transmission coil module, load blocks and impedance transform controller.Transmission coil module includes transmitting coil and receiving coil;Primary impedance converting network module is connected with high frequency power source module and transmitting coil respectively;Secondary impedance converting network is connected with receiving coil and load blocks respectively;Impedance transform controller is by receiving the signal come self-mutual inductance detector and load sensor, by inter-process, sends command adapted thereto to former and deputy side impedance transformer network, adjusts its relevant parameter, so as to realize that systematic function is optimal.The present invention adds adaptive impedance transformer network respectively by the primary and secondary side in resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system, and high frequency power source Maximum Power Output can be automatically realized in real time, and system obtains highest efficiency of transmission.

Description

Add the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of adaptive both-end impedance transformer network
Technical field
Become the present invention relates to a kind of resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system, more particularly to a kind of adaptive both-end impedance of addition The resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of switching network.
Background technology
Signal or electric energy are in transmitting procedure, in order to realize that the areflexia of signal is transmitted or maximum power transfer, it is desirable to Circuit can realize impedance matching.Impedance matching concerns the performance of system, and circuit realiration impedance matching can make the performance of system It is optimal.
The purpose for generally realizing impedance matching has two:One is to eliminate the reflection between signal source (or power supply) and load Ripple, it is ensured that the transmission quality of transmission signal, this impedance matching is referred to as areflexia matching;Two be to export power supply (or signal source) Peak power, this impedance matching is referred to as peak power output matching.This patent designed mainly for second of situation one Appropriate impedance transformer network is planted, so as to realize the maximum power output of high frequency power source.
Secondly, resonance type wireless electric energy transmission technology has of a relatively high, non-radiation type of long transmission distance, efficiency of transmission etc. Feature, is particularly suitable for the wireless power transmission of moderate distance.Its chief component is transmission coil and load, transmission coil Resonant condition typically is reached by self-resonance or external capacitor, so as to realize effective transmission of electric energy.But in actual applications, pass Defeated coil is not preferable coil, to consider its internal resistance, and the relative position change between transmission coil in addition can cause mutual inductance to become Change;Load resistance is neither be the bigger the better nor the smaller the better, and it causes system efficiency of transmission maximum in the presence of an optimum value. When load resistance is not optimum value or load change, it can be equivalent to it by adding appropriate impedance transformer network Optimum value, so that the purpose of peak power can be obtained to arbitrary load resistance by realizing.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome output power of power supply in current resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system not high, system The problem of efficiency of transmission is low.By adding appropriate impedance transformer network respectively in transmitting coil and receiving coil both sides, and By means of the effect of impedance transform controller, high frequency power source module Maximum Power Output, and outside biography can be ensured in real time Defeated efficiency highest, so that load obtains peak power.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Add the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of adaptive both-end impedance transformer network, including high frequency power source module Utility model, transmission coil module utility model, load blocks utility model, impedance transform controller utility model, primary side resistance Resistance switching network utility model, secondary impedance converting network utility model;Wherein high frequency power source module utility model is by ideal Voltage source utility model is composed in series with internal resistance utility model, and electric energy is provided for system;Transmission coil module utility model includes Transmitting coil utility model, receiving coil utility model, mutual inductance detector utility model, wherein transmitting coil utility model are equivalent For what is formed by transmitting coil internal resistance utility model, transmitting coil inductance utility model and transmitting coil resonant capacitance utility model RLC series resonance modes, receiving coil utility model is equivalent to practical by receiving coil internal resistance utility model, receiving coil inductance The RLC series resonance modes of new and receiving coil resonant capacitance utility model formation;Primary impedance converting network utility model Input be connected with the output end of high frequency power source, output end and the transmitting coil TX phases in transmission coil module utility model Even;Load blocks utility model is made up of load utility model and load sensor utility model;Impedance transform controller is practical It is new defeated come the second of the first input signal of self-mutual inductance detector utility model and load sensor utility model by receiving Enter signal, handled by internal data, to secondary impedance converting network utility model and primary impedance converting network utility model The first control signal and the second control signal are sent, and then adjusts their Inside Parameter Value;Secondary impedance matching network is practical New input is connected with the receiving coil utility model in transmission coil module utility model, and its output end is practical with load It is new to be connected, adjust the parameter value of itself by receiving come the first control signal of self-impedance transform controller utility model; The input of primary impedance converting network utility model is connected with the output end of high frequency power source module, its output end and transmission line The transmitting coil utility model enclosed in module utility model is connected, by receiving come the of self-impedance transform controller utility model Two control signals adjust the parameter value of itself.
Further, according to Thevenin's theorem and Nortons theorem, high frequency power source module utility model can be equivalent to one Ideal voltage source USWith equivalent source internal resistance RSSeries connection, can also be equivalent to an ideal current source ISWith equivalent source internal resistance RS's Parallel form, both meet US=RS·ISRelation, equivalent resistance outside high frequency power source is Req, and Req=RSWhen, it is high Frequency power source module utility model Maximum Power Output Pmax, meetThe frequency f of high frequency power source is 0.5- 50MHz, and the waveform of voltage source or current source is sine wave.
Further, transmitting coil internal resistance RL1With receiving coil internal resistance RL2Include ohmic internal resistance and radiation internal resistance;Transmitting Coil utility model and receiving coil utility model meet relation:ω is system angular frequency, full Sufficient ω=2 π f, L1For transmitting coil inductance, C1For transmitting coil resonant capacitance, L2For receiving coil inductance, C2For receiving coil Under system frequency series resonance occurs for resonant capacitance, i.e. transmitting coil utility model and receiving coil utility model.
Further, the transmitting coil utility model and receiving coil utility model in transmission coil module utility model it Between distance within electromagnetic wave half wavelength;The spacing of transmitting coil utility model and receiving coil utility model is not less than frequency Rate bifurcated scope.
Further, the mutual inductance size between transmitting coil utility model and receiving coil utility model is M.When two lines During the transmitting change such as the distance between circle, orientation, angle, its mutual inductance size M can also be converted therewith.It is practical by mutual inductance detector It is new to measure the mutual inductance M of transmitting coil utility model and receiving coil utility model in real time, and by mutual inductance M with the first input The form of signal is sent to impedance transform controller utility model and handled, and wherein mutual inductance detector can be by vector network analysis The instruments such as instrument VNA are served as.
Further, there is an optimal load when efficiency of transmission η of the outside of high frequency power source module obtains maximum RL.Optimal, meet
Further, load blocks utility model is made up of load utility model and load sensor utility model, load For purely resistive matter, resistance sense property or capacitance-resistance property.Load both can be fixed value or variable value.Load impedance by Load sensor utility model is measured, and measurement result is sent to impedance transform controller reality in the form of the second input signal Handled with new.
Further, described impedance transform controller utility model data processing includes:Impedance transform controller is practical The first input signal and load sensor utility model that new reception is provided from mutual inductance detector utility model provide the Two input signals.Pass through formulaThe optimum load value R for calculating nowL.Optimal, pass through Compare actual loading value RLWith optimum load value RL.OptimalSize, corresponding first control signal is generated to control secondary impedance The parameter of converting network utility model inner member;Then formula is passed throughIt can calculate The equivalent resistance R of primary side after being converted through secondary impedance converting network utility modeleq, by comparing high frequency power source internal resistance value RS With equivalent resistance ReqSize, corresponding second control signal is generated to control primary impedance converting network utility model inner member Parameter value.
Further, the addition of secondary impedance converting network utility model is in receiving coil utility model and load utility model Between, it is made up of energy-storage travelling wave tube electric capacity and inductance.Secondary impedance converting network utility model is controlled by receiving to convert come self-impedance Parameter value inside first control signal of device utility model processed, regulation so that the equivalent electric seen into from port 44 ' to load Resistance is RL.Optimal.Because N2 does not consume electric energy, then equivalent resistance RL.OptimalThe electric energy of consumption is equal to load utility model The electric energy of consumption, i.e., now system can realize that maximal efficiency is transmitted.
Further, if equivalent resistance R outside high frequency power sourceeq≠RS, then it is practical new in high frequency power source module Primary impedance converting network utility model is added between type output terminal and the input of transmitting coil utility model, primary impedance becomes Switching network utility model adjusts itself related ginseng by receiving come the second control signal of self-impedance transform controller utility model Number so that the equivalent resistance R ' entered in terms of from high frequency power source module output end to transmitting coileqMeet:R′eq=RS, then now The power output of high frequency power source module utility model is maximum.Due to impedance transformer network utility model by energy-storage travelling wave tube electric capacity and Inductance is constituted, and does not consume electric energy, therefore the electric energy of high frequency power source module utility model output is equal to transmitting coil receiving terminal The electric energy of equivalent resistance consumption, according to formula P22′=P11′η understands that the power that now load resistance utility model is obtained is also most Greatly.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and technique effect:
The resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition of the present invention, by transmitting End and receiving terminal add appropriate impedance transformer network respectively, are handled by means of the internal data of impedance transform controller, in real time The Inside Parameter Value of the former and deputy side impedance transformer network of auto-adjustment control, it is possible to achieve in resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system High frequency power source maximum power output, and system efficiency of transmission highest, it is maximum that load obtains transimission power.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is equivalent circuit diagram inside high frequency power source.
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b are two kinds of cut-away views (by taking L-type as an example) of impedance transformer network.
Fig. 4 is system design algorithm flow chart of the invention.
Embodiment
The specific implementation of invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the implementation and protection of the present invention are not limited to This.
As shown in figure 1, the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of adaptive both-end impedance transformer network is added, including high frequency Power source module I, transmission coil module ii, load blocks III, impedance transform controller C, primary impedance converting network N1 and pair Side impedance transformer network N2.Wherein module I high frequency power source module is by ideal voltage source USWith internal resistance RSIt is composed in series, high frequency work( The output port in rate source is 11 ';Transmission coil module ii includes transmitting coil TX, receiving coil RX, mutual inductance detector M1, wherein Transmitting coil TX is equivalent to by transmitting coil internal resistance RL1, transmitting coil inductance L1 and transmitting coil resonant capacitance C1 formation RLC Series resonance mode, receiving coil RX is equivalent to by receiving coil internal resistance RL2, receiving coil inductance L2 and receiving coil resonance electricity Hold the RLC series resonance modes of C2 formation, the mutual inductance size between transmitting coil TX and receiving coil RX is M, is detected with mutual inductance Device M1 is measured, and measurement result is handled with being sent into the form of the first input signal in impedance transform controller C, its Middle mutual inductance detector M1 can be served as by instruments such as vector network analyzer VNA, and mutual inductance M can with the spacing between coil, position, Angle etc. changes and changed.Transmitting coil TX port is 33 ', and receiving coil RX port is 44 ', loads RLIncoming end be 22’.Primary impedance converting network N1 input termination port 11 ', output end connects transmitting coil TX ports 33 ';Secondary impedance becomes Switching network N2 input termination receiving coil RX ports 44 ', output termination load port 22 '.Load inspection in load blocks III Survey device M2 detection load resistances RLSize, and testing result is sent into impedance transform controller C in the form of the second input signal It is middle to be handled.The first input signal and load sensor M2 that impedance transform controller C receptions carry out self-mutual inductance detector M1 are carried The second input signal supplied, by inter-process, i.e., first according to formulaCalculate most preferably Load value RL.Optimal, then according to optimum value RL.OptimalWith actual value RLSize, calculates corresponding in impedance transformer network N2 Parameter value, and generate the first control signal;Similarly, first according to formulaCalculate to obtain high frequency work( Equivalent resistance R outside rate sourceeq, then according to equivalent resistance ReqWith high frequency power source internal resistance RSSize, calculate to obtain impedance become Corresponding parameter value in switching network N1, and the second control signal is generated, wherein the first control signal is used for adjusting secondary impedance change Related parameter values in switching network N2, the first control signal is used for adjusting the related parameter values in impedance transformer network N2.Wherein Signal 1 represents the first input signal, and signal 2 represents the second input signal, and signal 3 represents the first control signal, and signal 4 represents Two control signals.
By above-mentioned regulation and control process, the equivalent resistance seen into from port 44 ' to load can be caused for most Good value RL.Optimal So that the efficiency of transmission outside high frequency power source is most It is high;The equivalent resistance entered in terms of from port 11 ' to transmitting coil direction can be caused to be equal in high frequency power source module simultaneously Hinder RS, so that high frequency power source Maximum Power Output;Finally cause load resistance RLObtain peak power.
As shown in Fig. 2 according to Thevenin's theorem or Nortons theorem:Any active two-port network or practical power It is equivalent to an ideal voltage source USWith internal resistance of source RSCascade, or be equivalent to an ideal current source ISAnd power supply Resistance RSParallel form, the two meets relational expression US=RS·IS.Equivalent resistance outside high frequency power source is Req, and it is full Sufficient Req=RSWhen, high frequency power source Maximum Power Output Pmax, meetWherein the frequency of high frequency power source is f, Span is 0.5-50MHz, and its waveform is high_frequency sine wave.
The structure of transmission coil mainly has two kinds of plane disc type and spatially spiral formula.The advantage of plane sandwich wound coil is to take Space is small, is easy to actual installation, and its practical application is wider;Spatially spiral formula coil can produce more uniform magnetic field.It is any Coil can be equivalent to the cascade of its internal resistance and its inductance, and its internal resistance includes Ohmic resistance and radiation resistance.Such as to realize The resonance type wireless electric energy transmission of coil, then generally require the external resonant capacitance of series connection, it is met RLC series resonance frequencys etc. In system angular frequency, and meet the π f of ω=2;If self-resonance state is reached in the presence of coil parasitic capacitance, and self-resonance Frequency is exactly equal to system frequency, then need not add external capacitor.Certainly the present invention includes various types of coils, and not only limits In this.
As shown in Figure 3 a, 3 b, different impedance transformer networks, impedance transformer network master can be selected for different loads There is the type such as L-type, T-shaped, ∏ types, the present invention is temporarily illustrated by taking L-type impedance transformer network as an example, it is not limited to this. For purely resistive load RLFor, by adding L-type impedance transformer network, arbitrary target resistance value can be equivalent to.L-type Impedance transformer network mainly has two kinds of connected modes, positive L-type impedance transformer network as shown in Figure 3 a and Figure 3 b shows and inverted L shape impedance Converting network, wherein energy-storage travelling wave tube X1 and X2 are the combination of inductance or electric capacity, and can not be electric capacity or inductance, Fig. 3 a simultaneously Former resistance R can be equivalent to any mesh by shown positive L-type impedance transformer network by the electric capacity, the inductance parameters that are designed correctly Mark resistance Req3, wherein Req3> R;Inverted L shape impedance transformer network shown in Fig. 3 b by the electric capacity, the inductance parameters that are designed correctly, Former resistance R can be equivalent to arbitrary target resistance Req4, wherein Req4< R.
Fig. 4 is the algorithm for design flow chart of the system.The ideal voltage source U in known high frequency power source moduleS, internal resistance RS、 Supply frequency f, transmitting coil inductance L1 and internal resistance RL1, receiving coil inductance L2 and internal resistance RL2, mutual inductance M, load resistance RLBar Under part:(1) (1) first, adjusts the resonant capacitance (C1, C2) of transmitting coil and receiving coil, meets itThe π f of wherein ω=2, i.e., now system reaches resonant condition.(2) mutual inductance detector M1 will launch Mutual inductance value M between coil and receiving coil sends into impedance transform controller C in the form of the first input signal, while loading inspection Device M2 is surveyed by the load value R detectedLTo be sent into the form of the second input signal in impedance transform controller C, impedance conversion control Device C processed is by comparing actual loading resistance RLOptimum resistance value R when being transmitted with system maximal efficiencyL.OptimalSizeThe first control signal is generated to secondary impedance converting network N2, to adjust in it The parameter value in portion, if wherein RL< RL.Optimal, then secondary impedance converting network, which is automatically selected, selects positive L-type impedance transformer network And its correspondence parameter value, if RL> RL.Optimal, then secondary impedance converting network, which is automatically selected, selects inverted L shape impedance transformer network And its correspondence parameter value;Then impedance transform controller C compares equivalent resistance R outside high frequency power sourceeqWith internal resistance of source RS's Size is (wherein), the second control signal of generation is to primary impedance converting network N1, to adjust Its internal parameter value is saved, if wherein Req< RS, then primary impedance converting network automatically select positive L-type impedance transformer network and its Correspondence parameter value;If Req> RS, then primary impedance converting network automatically select inverted L shape impedance transformer network and its correspondence parameter Value.(3) converted by primary impedance converting network N1 and secondary impedance converting network N2 impedance, the system can be caused from end Mouth 11 ' thinks that the equivalent resistance seen into transmitting coil direction is RS, it is from port 44 ' to the equivalent resistance seen into of load RL.Optimal.(4) above-mentioned design is passed through, in the case of transmission coil or load change, the system can be realized following automatically Efficiency of transmission highest outside function, i.e. high frequency power source Maximum Power Output, high frequency power source, load obtains maximum pass in real time Defeated power.

Claims (8)

1. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition, it is characterised in that including high frequency work( Rate source module (I), transmission coil module (II), load blocks (III), impedance transform controller (C), primary impedance converting network And secondary impedance converting network (N2) (N1);Wherein high frequency power source module (I) is by ideal voltage source (US) and internal resistance (RS) series connection Composition, electric energy is provided for system;Transmission coil module (II) includes transmitting coil (TX), receiving coil (RX) and mutual inductance detector (M1), wherein transmitting coil (TX) is equivalent to by transmitting coil internal resistance (RL1), transmitting coil inductance (L1) and transmitting coil resonance The RLC series resonance modes of electric capacity (C1) formation, receiving coil (RX) is equivalent to by receiving coil internal resistance (RL2), receiving coil electricity Feel the RLC series resonance modes of (L2) and receiving coil resonant capacitance (C2) formation;The input of primary impedance converting network (N1) End is connected with the output end of high frequency power source, and output end is connected with the transmitting coil (TX) in transmission coil module (II);Load Module (III) is by loading (RL) and load sensor (M2) composition;Impedance transform controller (C) is detected by receiving come self-mutual inductance First input signal of device (M1) and the second input signal of load sensor (M2), handle by internal data, are hindered to secondary Resistance switching network (N2) and primary impedance converting network (N1) send the first control signal and the second control signal, and then adjust it Inside Parameter Value;The input of secondary impedance matching network (N2) and the receiving coil (RX) in transmission coil module (II) It is connected, its output end and load (RL) be connected, adjusted by receiving come the first control signal of self-impedance transform controller (C) The parameter value of itself;The input of primary impedance converting network (N1) is connected with the output end of high frequency power source module, and it is exported End is connected with the transmitting coil (TX) in transmission coil module (II), by receiving come the second of self-impedance transform controller (C) Control signal adjusts the parameter value of itself;The internal data processing of described impedance transform controller (C) includes:Impedance is converted Controller (C), which is received, carrys out the first input signal that self-mutual inductance detector (M1) provides and that load sensor (M2) is provided is second defeated Enter signal;Pass through formulaThe optimum load value R for calculating nowL.Optimal, by comparing Actual loading value RLWith optimum load value RL.OptimalSize, corresponding first control signal is generated to control secondary impedance to convert The parameter of network (N2) inner member;Then formula is passed throughIt can calculate through secondary impedance The equivalent resistance R of primary side after converting network (N2) conversioneq, by comparing high frequency power source internal resistance value RSWith equivalent resistance Req's Size, generates corresponding second control signal to control primary impedance converting network (N1) inner member parameter value;Wherein RL1For hair Penetrate Coil resistance, RL2For receiving coil internal resistance, M is the mutual inductance size between transmitting coil and receiving coil.
2. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 1, Characterized in that, according to Thevenin's theorem and Nortons theorem, high frequency power source module (I) can be equivalent to an ideal voltage source US With equivalent source internal resistance RSSeries connection, can also be equivalent to an ideal current source ISWith equivalent source internal resistance RSParallel form, both Meet US=RS·ISRelation, equivalent resistance outside high frequency power source is Req, and Req=RSWhen, high frequency power source module (I) Maximum Power Output Pmax, meetThe frequency f of high frequency power source is 0.5-50MHz, and the desired electrical The waveform of potential source or the ideal current source is sine wave.
3. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 1, It is characterized in that transmitting coil internal resistance RL1With receiving coil internal resistance RL2Include ohmic internal resistance and radiation internal resistance;Transmitting coil And receiving coil (RX) meets relation (TX):ω is system angular frequency, meets ω=2 π f, L1 For transmitting coil inductance, C1For transmitting coil resonant capacitance, L2For receiving coil inductance, C2For receiving coil resonant capacitance, that is, send out Under system frequency series resonance occurs for ray circle (TX) and receiving coil (RX).
4. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 3, It is characterized in that the distance between transmitting coil (TX) and receiving coil (RX) in transmission coil module (II) is in electromagnetic wave half Within individual wavelength;The spacing of transmitting coil (TX) and receiving coil (RX) is not less than frequency bifurcated scope.
5. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 3, Characterized in that, the mutual inductance size between transmitting coil (TX) and receiving coil (RX) is M;When the distance between two coils, When orientation or angle change, its mutual inductance size M can also be converted therewith;Emission lines are measured by mutual inductance detector (M1) in real time The mutual inductance M of (TX) and receiving coil (RX) is enclosed, and mutual inductance M is sent to impedance transform controller in the form of the first input signal (C) handled, wherein mutual inductance detector is served as by vector network analyzer VNA.
6. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 1, Characterized in that, load blocks (III) are by loading (RL) and load sensor (M2) composition, load as purely resistive matter, resistance sense Matter or capacitance-resistance property;Load as fixed value or variable value;Load impedance is measured by load sensor (M2), and measures knot Fruit is sent to impedance transform controller (C) in the form of the second input signal and handled.
7. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 6, Characterized in that, secondary impedance converting network (N2) addition is in receiving coil (RX) and load (RL) between, by energy-storage travelling wave tube electricity Hold and inductance composition;Secondary impedance converting network (N2) by receiving come the first control signal of self-impedance transform controller (C), Adjust internal parameter value so that from secondary impedance converting network (N2) receiving coil (RX) side port (44 ') to bearing It is R to carry the equivalent resistance seen intoL.Optimal
8. the resonance type wireless electric energy transmission system of the adaptive both-end impedance transformer network of addition according to claim 1 or 2 System, it is characterised in that if the equivalent resistance R outside high frequency power sourceeq≠RS, then in high frequency power source module (I) output end Primary impedance converting network (N1) is added between the input of transmitting coil (TX), primary impedance converting network (N1) is by connecing The second control signal for carrying out self-impedance transform controller (C) is received, itself relevant parameter is adjusted so that defeated from high frequency power source module Go out the equivalent resistance R ' that end is seen into transmitting coileqMeet:R′eq=RS, then the now output work of high frequency power source module (I) Rate is maximum.
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