CN1095817C - Flat and large plate sintered ceramic material, method of manufacture same and production apparatus same - Google Patents
Flat and large plate sintered ceramic material, method of manufacture same and production apparatus same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1095817C CN1095817C CN97115163A CN97115163A CN1095817C CN 1095817 C CN1095817 C CN 1095817C CN 97115163 A CN97115163 A CN 97115163A CN 97115163 A CN97115163 A CN 97115163A CN 1095817 C CN1095817 C CN 1095817C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/22—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in calcium oxide, e.g. wollastonite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for producing a strengthened large-sized flat planar sintered compact which has the structure uniformly oriented by using wollastonite which is an acicular crystal. In order to strengthen the orientation of capillary mineral inside pot earth, wollastonite containing <beta>-CaO.SiO2 as material which has aspect ratio over 20. As to method of manufacture, it adopts a method which does not apply rigidity from its when pressing the pot earth with anger machine. Also the apparatus is developed and used which can rotate freely the rotor bearing of the extruding portion of the anger machine, strengthen the orientation of the capillary mineral, and make the best of orientation using a re-twisting roller. As a result, the flexural strength becomes twice the prior art.
Description
The invention relates to " fragility ", the manufacturing technology that ceramic tile is used in the rubber-like heavy construction of improving the disadvantage that is the ceramic raw material sintered compact, particularly about improving the flexible ceramic ceramic tile of the prior art in these technical fields significantly.
Relevant prior art of the present invention, the United States Patent (USP) 4495118, Deutsches Reichs-Patent 3313596, English Patent 2317552, the Australian Patent 541735 that have No. the 1366443rd, special permission, No. the 1576834th, special permission, No. the 1584970th, special permission and above-mentioned domestic application by inventor invention to obtain to foreign application are being carried out industrial production widely according to these technology.About the main contents of above-mentioned prior art, summary description is as follows.
1) the 1st prior art
The content of speciallyying permit No. 1366443 (the special clear 54-129476 of hope, special public clear 61-30887) is the manufacturing process of tabular ceramic formation body, this method forms when tabular when the grey earthy plasticity-ceramic raw material composition that will mix sand and salt is pulled out into from nozzle, has having towards the process of prolonging pressure between a pair of or number pair roller of the spiral helicine surperficial ditch of roller central part, reverse direction feeding mutually the composition folder is special.Promptly, be about when the dirt plasticity-ceramic raw material composition of mixing sand and salt is shaped as tabular ceramic formation body, with from the extracting resistance to flow of nozzle that become big shortcoming and obstacle and the distribution of the internal density difference that causes and the certain orientation that causes by the orientation of particle as the manufacturing process technology of the molding of the interior tissue that all has homogeneous.
2) the 2nd prior art
The content of speciallyying permit No. 1576834 (special hope clear 56-174528, special fair 1-60403) is the manufacture method of ceramic plate, it is characterized in that, the tubular base that will have curve from the section that forming mill is extracted cuts as tabular base, after this tabular base rolled with the identical direction of direction that goes out from above-mentioned forming mill skill, carry out drying, making the above-mentioned direction of extracting is that carriage direction burns till in roller stove hall formula kiln like that.That is be manufacture method,, especially about making the method and technology of big, the slim ceramic plate of area expeditiously about ceramic plate.
3) the 3rd prior art
Specially permit the content of No. 1584970 (special hope clear 59-39374, special fair 1-59231):
1) be ceramic sintered bodies, it is characterized in that with good machinability, in gross weight, contain 60 weight % above contain β CaO.SiO
2, and sinter into Mohs' hardness below 5 (to call β CaO.SiO in the following text
2Be key element 1, tabular or foliated base sheet or crystallization that title contains mica family row thing are key element 2).And then
2) be manufacture method with ceramic sintered bodies of good machinability, it is characterized in that, to contain above-mentioned key element 1, Mohs' hardness below 5 the raw material class and contain in key element 2, the Mohs' hardness raw material class below 5 more than one and cooperate with the sintered compact matrix, so that the total amount of above-mentioned key element 1 and key element 2 is more than the 60 weight %, wherein at least 30 weight % are β CaO.SiO
2, above-mentioned tabular or foliated base sheet or crystalline original shape are crushed to the degree that roughly keeps, mix adjustment, after the shaping, sintering Mohs' hardness into below 5 below 1200 ℃ in the degree of roughly protecting with above-mentioned original shape.That is, be and the good ceramic sintered bodies of in the past the diverse machinability of conventional ceramic sintered compact and the technology of manufacture method thereof.
In order to make is that the heavy construction of the object of the invention is littler and have sufficient elasticity with the fragility of ceramic tile, and above-mentioned various prior arts still are not enough.The problem that it may be noted that about each prior art is as follows.
1) the 1st prior art, be shaped as when the plasticity-ceramic raw material being extracted when cylindric with tug mill, the core that is in nozzle center is supported rigidly by the core supporting axis that is fixed on the main screw shaft, therefore be equivalent to be present in the strip that becomes the raw material of ooze shape inside and change, the chaotic problem of the orientation of producing is arranged.In addition, therefore this prior art has the inadequate problem of selection of raw material itself only generally to be present in flat crystalline particle in the ceramic raw material composition as object.
2) the 2nd prior art is that the tubular base that will extract from tug mill cuts, as tabular base,, make and extract direction and become the method that carriage direction burns till like that along the calendering of same direction, but exist because of the inflexible core barrel produces the chaotic tendency of orientation, so be inadequate.In addition, raw material itself is not selected especially, therefore as the manufacturing of the ceramic sintered bodies of large thin-wall, also has inadequate problem.
3) the 3rd prior art is as the machinability of purpose good ceramic sintered bodies and manufacture method thereof, this method minimum large flat shape ceramic sintered bodies of the distortion of manufacturing dimension surely that differs.In addition, this prior art about the orientation of the elongated thing in the dirt raw material of mixing sand and salt in mixing the dirt process of sand and salt, is not taked special measure, therefore as the manufacturing of above-mentioned large flat shape sintered compact, has inadequate problem.
More particularly, in No. the 1584970th, special permission, as the β CaO.SiO of key element of the present invention
2It is the wollastonite of needle crystal mineral, be roughly the same, but the purpose of this invention is a purpose to make the good ceramic sintered bodies of machinability, utilizes as feature with the distinctive Mohs' hardness of wollastonite, and as pottery, like that, the feature that can obtain sufficiently high intensity is not arranged yet, especially do not consider the invention of the positioning orientating of wollastonite even do not generate glassy phase.Moreover, specially permit No. 1576834, be on industrial production, to make at present to approach and the technology that ceramic tile adopted of big molded dimension, be pulled out into the circular curve shape, extract the method that direction is rolled with the stack edge then from the vacuum tug mill, foreign patent, substantially do not have these manufacture method, and in this invention, be purpose so close the kaolinic orientation characteristic of the zonal growth mineral of general ceramic raw material, the effect that improves as the intensity of sintered compact is few, with the minimizing effect of fraction defective as purpose.As mentioned above, the objective of the invention is to have the sintered compact of the wollastonite crystallization of needle crystal mineral, be manufactured on distinctive goods on intensity and the elasticity at the tissue of the even orientation positions of same direction.As No. the 1576834th, above-mentioned special permission, kaolinic crystalline orientation is the base roasting stage about reaching to 100 ℃ from the base drying, show the effect that produces by orientation as zonal growth, but, then dewater if surpass 800 ℃, become unbodied state, but the needle-like β CaO.SiO in the wollastonite
2Form, be useful as the enhancing tissue that remains near the sintered compact 1200 ℃.In addition, according to many experiments, different with zonal growth soft as kaolinite, the wollastonite that is strong needle-like raw material is as plastic greenwave local soil type compound, if carry out Extrusion Flow, and orientation easily just, but if form the heterogeneity orientation, then bring into play strong shape memory, cause distortion easily.At this, the main points of device in the past are described.Fig. 3 is the explanatory view of discharge side half one of vacuum tug mill in the past.The spiral 6 that is arranged on the main screw shaft 5 in the urceolus 1 with greenwave soil 7 left direction extrude.Greenwave soil 7 is by being rigidly fixed in the space of the core supporting rack 8 on the above-mentioned urceolus 1, again by be rigidly fixed in core 2 on the core barrel 3 around and the gap (core barrel 3 is rigidly fixed on the above-mentioned core supporting rack 8) of above-mentioned urceolus 1, extrude from nozzle 14.Because core barrel 3 and core 2 rigidly fix, so the needle crystal 9 in the greenwave soil 7 is suitable therewith, it is chaotic to produce orientation.
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to eliminate problem and all shortcomings of above-mentioned each prior art, by the more novel means of exploitation, again by making technical progress, these invent the effect that performances such as just can expecting high strength more improves, and obtain having the large flat shape sintered compact that the wollastonite that makes the needle crystal mineral carries out the orientation positions tissue.Therefore, reaching the object of the invention key is how necessary the solution under makers' condition separately reaches the few even orientation positions of potential distortion.
In other words, be purpose so that lamellar ceramic sintered bodies of ultra-large type and the manufacturing method and apparatus thereof that can not make to be provided simultaneously in the past.
The present invention creates the following means of having developed in order to achieve the above object.
The first, having needle crystal mineral of the present invention is to contain the needle crystal mineral β-CaO.SiO by the anhydrous 30-60 of being scaled weight % in heterogeneity in the feature of the large flat shape sintered compact of the tissue of same direction orientation positions
2The length of described needle crystal is more than the 1mm, long-width ratio is below 20, by anhydrous argillaceous and the general ceramic raw material of steatitic that is scaled 40-70 weight %, above-mentioned needle crystal mineral are formed on the necessary shape of the even orientation positions of same direction, at 1000-1250 ℃ temperature range sintering.
The second, have needle crystal mineral of the present invention to be in the feature of the large flat shape sintered compact manufacture method of the tissue of same direction orientation positions, adding is to contain β-CaO.SiO by the anhydrous 30-60 of being scaled weight %
2The raw material of needle crystal mineral, the length of this needle crystal is more than the 1mm, long-width ratio is the wollastonite below 20, by the anhydrous fat clay raw material that is scaled 30-60 weight %, the talcum of 10-20 weight % as the hydrophobicity lubricant of orientation improvement material, and when needed 0-30 weight % from feldspar, kaolinite, the pottery raw material of more than one that select in the fireclay, they are adjusted into total 100%, adding water, to reach water ratio be 14-20 weight %, adjustment homogenizes, the greenwave soil that utilizes vacuum tug mill device will form plastic state is extruded into cylindric, then it is cut and launch, as tabular, along the direction identical with extruding direction, roll into the tabular base of desired thickness and size with stack, behind then dry this tabular base, burn till 1000-1250 ℃ temperature range.
The 3rd, have needle crystal mineral of the present invention to be in the feature of the large flat shape sintered compact manufacture method of the tissue of same direction orientation positions, the vacuum tug mill device of above-mentioned record, the extrusion pressure of its export department is 15-30kg/cm
2The rotation of the axle of the core of the nozzle that maintenance is made up of this vacuum tug mill urceolus and core and the main screw shaft of bearing and this vacuum tug mill completely cuts off, and, independently rotate displacement by the resistance to flow of utilizing greenwave soil, improve the orientation of the above-mentioned needle crystal in this greenwave soil, and then, after automatically adjusting the thickness of cylindric molding, above-mentioned cylinder base is cut, launches,, roll the base that has been shaped with stack, along the direction identical with extruding direction as tabular.
The 4th, having needle crystal mineral of the present invention in another feature of the large flat shape sintered compact manufacture method of the tissue of same direction orientation positions is, with the method for stack with the base that has been shaped the calendering of above-mentioned record, at first on stack, for making the curvilinear orientation tissue of generation, the rotation that utilizes vacuum tug mill master screw shaft restores, after utilizing a pair of roller that gives rightabout distortion but have a spirrillum ditch of calendering to roll, roll into the tabular base of desired thickness and size through several sections calendering procedures later on.
The 5th, having needle crystal mineral of the present invention in the feature of the large flat shape sintered compact manufacturing installation of the tissue of same direction orientation positions is, be contained in the main screw shaft of the greenwave soil in the urceolus of approximate circle tubular having force feed, make the electric motor of this main screw shaft rotation, be used for this greenwave soil is sent into the loading hopper of the upper end of the urceolus that is arranged on above-mentioned approximate circle tubular in the above-mentioned main spiral, be arranged on the interior vacuum chamber of urceolus of above-mentioned approximate circle tubular, core supporting axis and core, extrude in the vacuum tug mill of nozzle of greenwave soil of excluding air at this vacuum chamber, prevent the ball bearing socket that greenwave soil bleeds in the setting of the junction surface of above-mentioned main screw shaft and core supporting axis, the spot contact bearing of rigid insulation thrust is set in this ball bearing socket, core barrel and core be action flexibly with flowing of greenwave soil, and the needle crystal that contains in the greenwave soil is orientated on same direction non-resistance ground.
Below, get in touch above-mentioned each feature of the present invention, specifically describe.Used the vacuum tug mill, the basic problem point when carrying out general ceramic tile of wet type extrusion molding or brick is scientifically resolved according to document very early in the past.And many patents have also been known for these countermeasures, but in by the screw shaft force feed greenwave soil of rotation, the technological process that forms by the regulation nozzle, the so also residual potential distortion that causes by orientation time institute's plus-pressure of crystallisate of soft kaolinite as clay, as shape memory, dry or restored when burning till, disqualification rate is uprised.In addition, be tetragonal occasion at shaping nozzle, because the friction resistance of nozzle interior and central part is poor, on extruded velocity, create a difference, cause eddy current at the model inner wall part especially, form significantly chaotic orientation tissue, this is a common-sense according to document.Above-mentioned special permission improves these problems No. 1576834, improve by making nozzle cylindraceous, but, through manufacturing experience over several years, even in the cylinder base, also produce wall thickness difference, as potential distortion and remaining, disqualification rate is uprised, according to this experience, in the present invention, carry out improving the research of shaping nozzle as claimed in claim 3 and surrounding devices, finished invention.But, these are only to improve nozzle, spiral helicine orientation by the rotating screw axle produces becomes potential distortion, dry, burn till after, in order to restore, as described in claim 4, when stack rolls, on primary stack, be provided with and make " spiral helicine orientation " distortion restorative ditch that produces by the tug mill rotation, obtaining having the base of the even correct orientation of restorative, and then invented above method.Limit the boundary of the containing ratio of the described composition material of claim 1 as described above, be because be occasion below 30% at wollastonite, can not get fully orientation and reinforced effects, and surpass 60%, be difficult to satisfy become and extrude or the plasticity-greenwave soil characteristics of calendaring molding condition
In addition, the containing ratio of clayey raw material is because in the occasion that is the high clay of good matter plasticity-in the condition and range of plasticity-greenwave soil, can be less, but below 30%, the raw material of the condition that is not being met, and surpass 60%, and need long-time drying, productivity is reduced.Talcum is necessary in the scope of 10-20%.The raw material that plasticity-greenwave soil has lubricant also is necessary, so that utilize the easy pressurized flow of tug mill, needle crystal is orientated easily, also study about hydrophobic raw materials such as graphite, micas, but press V/V with respect to the needle crystal thing, if do not account for approximately 30%, then can not get enough effects.In addition, the feldspar of Jia Ruing, kaolinite, fireclay class as required adapt to the production requirement of goods and select, and perhaps replace, to adjust composition.And then, for reach these etc. in all conditions of purpose, the extrusion pressure that makes the vacuum tug mill is 15-30kg/cm
2, be because pressure surpasses 30kg/cm
2, potential distortion can not fully be restored, in addition, and at 15kg/cm
2Below, the shear-stress that causes when the ability molding does not roll.
Below, the embodiment that present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.At first, in Fig. 1, urceolus 1 is configured in the front end of vacuum tug mill (figure omits), at the position of its nozzle 14 configuration core 2.Between the interior week of the nozzle 14 of the periphery of core pattern 2 and urceolus 1, set the gap.In order to make sliding resistance little, core 2 is made of plastic material, and image pattern shows such cone-shaped that forms.Support the core barrel 3 of core 2, utilize the rolling bearing 4a that is arranged in the core barrel bearing sleeve 4, when pivot props up its base end side, utilize the support of thrust block 4b thrust.The seal closure 4c of core barrel bearing sleeve 4 prevents the intrusion of the greenwave soil that embedding, protection spot contact bearing 4a and thrust block 4b.In addition, core barrel 3 is made of the spring steel of diameter 8-15mm, easily recoverable deformation.On the other hand, in core barrel bearing sleeve 4, connect the screw shaft 5 that spiral 6 is set.
According to above structure, rotation by screw shaft 5, the plasticity-greenwave soil that utilizes spiral 6 limits to make to be extruded at urceolus 1 internal rotation, transport, the limit is in the part of core barrel bearing sleeve 4, a part becomes the eddy current state, and orientation takes place chaotic, yet, part at nozzle 14 is orientated again, but extrudes from nozzle 14 parts with spiral helicine orientation tissue as a whole basically.Moreover if produce base wall thickness difference in the part of nozzle 14, then the speed of crevice accelerates, and the speed of roomy part is slack-off, automatically adjusts mobile in the several seconds.This adjustment is undertaken by the recoverable deformation of core barrel 3.
In Fig. 2, base 10 is that the potter's clay base that will be extruded by vacuum tug mill shown in Figure 1 cuts before the calendering, is launched into tabular, utilizes and forms the spiral helicine needle crystal 9 of acicular mitigation in the base of spiral 6 before calendering.Base 10 utilizes the stack that has with above-mentioned spiral reverse direction ditch to roll 12 before this calendering.The ditch 11 of stack 12 is by the ditch of dark about 2mm, wide 4-5mm, arrange and constitute with the spacing of 20-30mm.To 12 flat boards that rolled 10, utilize stack that 12 ditch 11 is corrected needle crystal 9 with stack, reply distortion, formation has the calendering base 13 of straight orientation positions substantially.In addition, in Fig. 2, utilize stack is made one section roller to 12, the fluted roller with distortion answer ditch of two sections, three sections rolls, and also is fine certainly.
Embodiment
Below, illustrate that implementing to make the thin ceramic post sintering plate of ultra-large type of the present invention according to following all conditions is embodiment.
1) uses raw material
Wollastonite: the U.S. G of NYCO company class 6 0-40 (order)
In homemade wollastonite 60-40 (order)
Clay: this mountain knaur select quality
Talcum: in below the homemade talcum 250 (order)
Feldspar: below the albite 250 (order)
2) adjustment of greenwave soil
In mixing and grinding machine, drop into the dried powder of fit rate weighing in accordance with regulations, mix after 10 minutes, add 20% water in addition again, mixing again 10 minutes, form plasticity-greenwave soil.
3) cylinder production
The cylinder of diameter 250mm, (outward) wall thickness 25mm is cut and expansion, as the production plate before the calendering of wide 720-730mm, thick 25mm, long 300mm, roll 12 with above-mentioned stack, carry out three grades of calenderings with straight roll again, form the base flat board of thick 5mm, wide 700mm, long 1500mm.
4) drying and biscuiting
After carrying out 5 minutes drying treatment with far-infrared radiation, in the grid dry kiln,, then in roller box kiln, burn till to 1150 ℃ temperature to 350 ℃ of dryings 50 minutes.Be shown in Table 1 by characteristics such as the fit rate of the base flat board of above generation, water-intake rate, intensity.
From above result as can be known, it is very big that the wollastonite of needle crystal mineral is given the effect of intensity and elastic properties, the water-intake rate of general ceramic composition in the past is about 1/2 of the present invention's product, compare with the product in the past that coking property is extremely good, the bending strength of product of the present invention is than the big 1.7-1.8 of product times in the past, the coefficient of elasticity of product especially of the present invention is little, has the amount of deflection more than 2 times in the past product.In addition, product of the present invention also not because of being orientated the inhomogeneous distortion that causes etc., can not obtain the thin and large-scale ceramic tile of this class in the past.Moreover, in these embodiment, proceed maximum wide 1200mm, long 3000mm, etc. the production of super large template of 4mm.
According to above detailed description, effect of the present invention is outstanding significant as following, and is very big .
(1) widely used field as the structure material ceramic tile in the world is according to construction method Modernization, the rationalization that causes because of large-scale skirtings such as revetments or residential district building pollution and Problems such as " mouldy " is the countermeasure of seeking to better people's living environment, and each producer carries out with size energetically Maximization and light weight turn to purpose research. But, for lightweight, will be thin, big if size becomes, then produce " fragility " of " pottery " disadvantage. The present invention has considerably beyond " pottery in the past on these problems Porcelain " high resiliency (being equal to asbestos board) of general knowledge, show epoch-making rerum natura. This has just finished in the world The wide 1.2m that the producer can't reach, the large size ceramic ceramic tile of long 3m, thick 4mm practical, therefore At first can enumerate the technical effect that is improved significantly.
(2) the large-scale thin ceramic plate almost completely eliminated of above-mentioned wide 1.2m * long 3.0m, crisp shortcoming, Because length is 3.0m, a layer segment of high building, short transverse can be sticked with 1, therefore just The wall construction cost is especially cheap, also obtains big economic effect.
(3) goods of the present invention and in the past panel concrete etc. are different, and water proofing property is with originally equally outstanding, Therefore unnecessary subsides watertight composition combines with the thinness of 4mm, and weight also is in the past do not have the lightest, therefore No matter be building iron building or concrete building, all can make in design the correspondingly lightweight of post, beam, basis, The economic effect of whole building is great.
The simple declaration of accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is the section explanatory view of the needle crystal orientation function aggrandizement apparatus in the greenwave of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the explanatory view of the needle crystal orientation effect in the greenwave soil of the present invention, (a) is orthographic plan, (b) is side elevational view.
Fig. 3 is the section explanatory view of the greenwave soil extrusion device of the tug mill in the prior art.Base 11 ditches 12 stacks are to 13 calendering bases, 14 nozzles before urceolus 2 cores 3 core barrels 4 core barrel bearing sleeve 4a spot contact bearing 4b thrust block 4c seal closures 5 screw shaft 6 spirals 7 greenwaves soil 8 core supporting racks 9 needle crystals 10 calenderings of the explanation 1 vacuum tug mill of symbol
Claims (5)
1, has the large flat shape sintered compact of needle crystal mineral, it is characterized in that, contain in heterogeneity and be the β-CaO.SiO of needle crystal mineral by the anhydrous 30-60 of being scaled weight % at the tissue of same direction orientation positions
2The length of described needle crystal is more than the 1mm, long-width ratio is below 20, anhydrous argillaceous and the general ceramic raw material of steatitic that is scaled 40-70 weight %, above-mentioned needle crystal mineral are formed on the necessary shape of the even orientation positions of same direction, carry out sintering 1000-1250 ℃ temperature range.
2, have the manufacture method of needle crystal mineral at the large flat shape sintered compact of the tissue of same direction orientation positions, it is characterized in that, adding is to contain β-CaO.SiO by the anhydrous 30-60 of being scaled weight %
2The wollastonite of the raw material of needle crystal mineral, the length of this needle crystal is more than the 1mm, long-width ratio is below 20, by the anhydrous plastic clayey raw material that is scaled 30-60 weight %, 10-20 weight % is as the hydrophobicity lubricant talcum of orientation improvement material, and when needed 0-30 weight % be selected from feldspar, kaolinite, the general ceramic raw material of more than one in the fireclay, above-mentioned raw materials is adjusted to total 100%, add water, make water ratio reach 14-20 weight %, adjustment homogenizes, the greenwave soil that will become plastic state with vacuum tug mill device is extruded into cylindric, then, with its incision and expansion, as tabular, roll along the direction identical with stack with extruding direction, form the tabular base of desired thickness and size, after then should tabular base drying, burn till 1000-1250 ℃ temperature range.
3, the described manufacture method of claim 2 with needle crystal mineral at the large flat shape sintered compact of the tissue of same direction orientation positions, wherein, above-mentioned vacuum tug mill device, the extrusion pressure of export department is 15-30kg/cm
2The rotation of the axle of the core of the nozzle that maintenance is made of this vacuum tug mill urceolus and core and the main screw shaft of bearing and this vacuum tug mill is broken off, and core relies on the resistance to flow of greenwave soil to rotate freely and displacement, improve the orientation of the above-mentioned needle crystal in this greenwave soil whereby, and then behind the thickness of automatically adjusting the cylinder molding, above-mentioned cylinder base opened cut and launch, as tabular, the base that has been shaped along the direction calendering identical with stack with extruding direction.
4, the manufacture method with needle crystal mineral at the large flat shape sintered compact of the tissue of same direction orientation positions as claimed in claim 3, wherein, roll the method for the above-mentioned base that has been shaped with stack, initial on the roller that rolls,, organizes the curve-like that will be produced by the rotation of vacuum tug mill and screw shaft recovery for getting, use gives reverse direction distortion but after a pair of roller with calendering spirrillum ditch rolls, rolls into the tabular base of desired thickness and size through several grades of later calendering procedures.
5, have the manufacturing installation of needle crystal mineral at the large flat shape sintered compact of the tissue of same direction orientation positions, have force feed and be contained in the main spiral of the greenwave soil in the approximate circle tubular urceolus, make the electric motor of the axle rotation of this main spiral, be used for this greenwave soil is sent in the above-mentioned main spiral, be arranged on the loading hopper of the upper end of above-mentioned approximate circle tubular urceolus, be arranged on the vacuum chamber in the above-mentioned approximate circle tubular urceolus, core supporting axis and core, and the nozzle of in this vacuum chamber, extruding the greenwave soil of exhausted air, it is characterized in that, junction surface at above-mentioned main screw shaft and core supporting axis, be provided for the core bearing charge that prevents that greenwave soil from bleeding, in this core bearing charge inside, setting comprises the core bearing of the thrust block of rigid insulation, core barrel and core be action flexibly with flowing of greenwave soil, and the needle crystal that contains in the greenwave soil is orientated on same direction non-resistance ground.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP039621/97 | 1997-02-25 | ||
| JP9039621A JP2998072B2 (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1997-02-25 | A large flat sintered body having a structure in which needle-shaped crystal minerals are oriented and aligned in the same direction, and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1191853A CN1191853A (en) | 1998-09-02 |
| CN1095817C true CN1095817C (en) | 2002-12-11 |
Family
ID=12558191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97115163A Expired - Fee Related CN1095817C (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1997-07-25 | Flat and large plate sintered ceramic material, method of manufacture same and production apparatus same |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2998072B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100415701B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1095817C (en) |
| TW (1) | TW399034B (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3617964B2 (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2005-02-09 | 日本セラボー株式会社 | Large thin plate-like sintered body and method for producing the same |
| JP5299707B2 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2013-09-25 | Ｔｏｔｏ株式会社 | Extrusion molding machine and method for producing porcelain plate using the same |
| US20130216781A1 (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2013-08-22 | Toto Ltd. | Large-sized ceramic plate with less warpage |
| US10384369B2 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2019-08-20 | Corning Incorporated | Extrusion systems and methods with temperature control |
| CN106892676B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2020-01-03 | 淡江大学 | Humidity-regulating ceramic and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105753460B (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2018-10-30 | 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 | A kind of low-shrinkage and high-strength degree large size ceramic plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106584637B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-09-25 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing building mortion and method based on ceramic material |
| CN106882961B (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2020-04-28 | 潮州市雅森陶瓷实业有限公司 | Easy-to-clean domestic porcelain and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188542B (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2019-10-25 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of copper smelting-furnace material for repairing and preparation method thereof |
| CN109866308B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2021-07-06 | 成都坭韵陶坊有限公司 | Extrusion molding device for large-size argil bricks |
| CN112876216A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-06-01 | 况学成 | Building ceramic plate/brick and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54129476A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-06 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Tester for relay |
| US4684985A (en) * | 1984-07-23 | 1987-08-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Signal converting method and circuit for television receiver |
| JPS6459231A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-03-06 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Mask layout method for semiconductor integrated circuit |
| JPS6460403A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-03-07 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co | Bias tire |
-
1997
- 1997-02-25 JP JP9039621A patent/JP2998072B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-23 TW TW086105257A patent/TW399034B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-07-25 CN CN97115163A patent/CN1095817C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-19 KR KR1019970070408A patent/KR100415701B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS54129476A (en) * | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-06 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Tester for relay |
| US4684985A (en) * | 1984-07-23 | 1987-08-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Signal converting method and circuit for television receiver |
| JPS6459231A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-03-06 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Mask layout method for semiconductor integrated circuit |
| JPS6460403A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-03-07 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co | Bias tire |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW399034B (en) | 2000-07-21 |
| KR100415701B1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
| KR19980070179A (en) | 1998-10-26 |
| JPH10236867A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| CN1191853A (en) | 1998-09-02 |
| JP2998072B2 (en) | 2000-01-11 |
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Owner name: JAPAN PORCELAIN WORKS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME OR ADDRESS: CO., LTD. CLAY BURN CERAMICS |
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Address after: Tochigi County, Japan Patentee after: Japan Porcelain Works Co., Ltd. Address before: Tochigi County, Japan Patentee before: Co., Ltd. Clay Burn Ceramics |
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Owner name: INAX CORP. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: JAPAN PORCELAIN WORKS CO., LTD. Effective date: 20070525 |
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Effective date of registration: 20070525 Address after: Japan's Aichi Patentee after: Inax Corp. Address before: Tochigi County, Japan Patentee before: Japan Porcelain Works Co., Ltd. |
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Owner name: LIXIL CORPORATION Free format text: FORMER NAME: INAX CORP. |
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Granted publication date: 20021211 Termination date: 20130725 |