CN109580609A - A kind of frozen soil observation method and device based on colorimetric method - Google Patents
A kind of frozen soil observation method and device based on colorimetric method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of frozen soil observation method and device based on colorimetric method, belong to frozen soil observation technology field, by there is the frozen soil image of the frozen soil to be identified of molten water discoloration solute to carry out layered shaping to addition, by the color feature value of each layered image and established standards value one by one compared with, until the color feature value and established standards value difference of some layered image are different within the set range, according to height and position of the layered image in entire frozen soil image, the depth of freezing of frozen soil to be identified is obtained.Frost penetration recognition principle of the invention is simple, and the precision of measuring frozen depth is high, facilitates the research and observation of frost penetration under experimental situation, utilizes the measurement accuracy for the frost penetration verifying frozen soil equipment that frozen soil observation method of the invention and device detect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to frozen soil observation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of frozen soil observation method and dress based on colorimetric method
It sets.
Background technique
Frozen soil is the Xiang Zhibiao for reflecting soil Warm status, significant in the heat exchange of research earth's surface and atmosphere.
In order to which the frozen state of the soil to each area understands, usually takes some soil and carry out frozen soil at different temperature
The research and observation of depth.At this point, being generally observed by using artificial hole digging method or the frozen earth drill method of holing, this method operation
Cumbersome, subjectivity is strong, and accuracy of observation is lower.
In order to which the degree of freezing to soil is observed, automatic survey of the frozen soil equipment as realized frost penetration also can be used
Amount, " a kind of Automatic observation device of frozen earth ", the notification number proposed such as the Chinese invention patent of notification number CN102749057B
" Automatic observation device of frozen earth " that the Chinese utility model patent of CN203337114U proposes, but existing frozen soil device measuring
Frost penetration is still unable to reach permissible accuracy, therefore, it is necessary to test measurement accuracy of the frozen soil equipment to frost penetration
Card.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of frozen soil observation method and device based on colorimetric method, for solving verifying frozen soil
The problem of automatic measurer measurement accuracy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a kind of frozen soil observation method based on colorimetric method, including following step
It is rapid:
1) the frozen soil image that the frozen soil to be identified of molten water discoloration solute is added is obtained；
2) frozen soil image is subjected to layered shaping along frost penetration direction；
3) start to calculate the color feature value of layered image, and by the color feature value of layered image and established standards value into
Row compares, until the difference of the color feature value of some layered image and established standards value is within the set range, then according to difference
Height and position of the different correspondence layered image within the set range in entire frozen soil image, obtain frozen soil to be identified freezes depth
Degree.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also proposes a kind of frozen soil observation device based on colorimetric method, including storage
Device and processor, processor is for executing instruction stored in memory to realize above-mentioned steps 1) to step 3).
Frozen soil observation method of the invention and device, by there is the frozen soil of the frozen soil to be identified of molten water discoloration solute to addition
Image carries out layered shaping, by the color feature value of each layered image and established standards value one by one compared with, until some is layered
Difference between the color feature value and established standards value of image within the set range, according to layered image in entire frozen soil image
In height and position, obtain the depth of freezing of frozen soil to be identified.Frost penetration recognition principle of the invention is simple, and measuring frozen is deep
The precision of degree is high, facilitates the research and observation of frost penetration under experimental situation, utilizes frozen soil observation method of the invention and dress
The measurement accuracy for setting the frost penetration verifying frozen soil equipment of detection, such as frozen soil sensor and freezing meter.
For the accuracy of identification for guaranteeing frost penetration, which is obtained by following steps:
The frozen soil image that molten water discoloration solute is added is obtained under set temperature environment, using the frozen soil image as standard drawing
Picture；Set temperature environment is the critical temperature value for making soil reach frozen state.The color feature value for obtaining standard picture, will mark
The color feature value of quasi- image is as established standards value.
Further, the color feature value of above-mentioned standard image is transformed into hsv color sky by RGB color for layered image
Between V value, the V value in hsv color space is more preferable than the effect of the rgb value of RGB color characterization image.
To increase solute to the color developing effect of frozen soil, to obtain clearly frozen soil image, above-mentioned molten water discoloration solute is excellent
It is selected as potassium permanganate, so that frozen soil and non-frozen soil have obvious color difference, thus the intuitive and convenient acquisition frozen soil depth of freezing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the frozen soil observation method flow chart of the invention based on colorimetric method；
Fig. 2-1 is the standard picture that the present invention takes pictures to frozen soil in the case where freezing critical-temperature；
Fig. 2-2 is the image that the present invention takes pictures to frozen soil in first freezing process；
Fig. 2-3 is the image that the present invention takes pictures to frozen soil in second freezing process；
Fig. 3 is V value in above-mentioned Fig. 2-1, Fig. 2-2 and Fig. 2-3 relational graph with soil actual depth respectively；
Fig. 4-1 is the image of the depth of freezing of frozen soil in corresponding diagram 2-2；
Fig. 4-2 is the image of the depth of freezing of frozen soil in corresponding diagram 2-3.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment of the method:
As shown in Figure 1, obtaining the frozen soil image that the frozen soil to be identified of molten water discoloration solute is added.Wherein, candidate molten water
Discoloration solute has anhydrous cupric sulfate, potassium permanganate and cobalt chloride.Anhydrous cupric sulfate is called copper sulphate, for white or greyish white toner
End, for solution in acidity, dust is pungent very strong, and easily water suction becomes blue, can be used to the presence or life of examining chemical reaction water
At being mainly used for hull-bottom antifouling raw materials for varnish, desiccant, catalyst etc..Potassium permanganate is that a kind of glossiness atropurpureus is solid
Body, it is not volatile, there is strong oxidizing property, it is soluble easily in water, distinctive aubergine is showed in aqueous solution, is usually used in disinfectant and is killed
Microbial inoculum is a kind of common chemical reagent.Cobalt chloride is pink to red colored crystalline, and anhydride is blue.Micro- have a hygroscopy, easily
It is dissolved in water, ethyl alcohol, ether, acetone and glycerol, is usually used in analytical reagent, the indicator of humidity and moisture.
Then, need to carry out candidate molten water discoloration solute feasibility verifying, including color change is obvious, repeatable behaviour
The property made is strong, soil freezing characteristic is unchanged etc., meets the solute of above-mentioned requirements, can be added in frozen soil to be identified, because
This, carries out soil color developing effect and freeze thawing repeatability to anhydrous cupric sulfate, potassium permanganate, cobalt chloride and PH reagent respectively respectively
Experiment, Experimental comparison results are as shown in the table:
| Soil color developing effect | Freeze thawing repeatability | |
| Potassium permanganate | Preferably | It is repeatable |
| Cobalt chloride | Generally | It is not reproducible |
| Anhydrous cupric sulfate | Generally | It is not reproducible |
| PH reagent | Generally | It is not reproducible |
As seen from the above table, the molten water discoloration solute effect for selecting potassium permanganate that frozen soil to be identified is added is best.
After frozen soil image obtains, frozen soil image is subjected to layered shaping along frost penetration direction.Start to calculate layered image
Color feature value, and the color feature value of layered image is compared with established standards value, until some layered image
Color feature value and established standards value difference within the set range, then be layered according to the difference within the set range corresponding
Height and position of the image in entire frozen soil image, obtains the depth of freezing of frozen soil to be identified.
Above-mentioned established standards value is obtained by following steps:
The frozen soil image that molten water discoloration solute is added is obtained under set temperature environment as standard picture, the set temperature
Environment is the critical temperature value for making soil reach frozen state, obtains the color feature value of standard picture, by the face of standard picture
Color characteristic value is as established standards value.The color feature value of standard picture is that layered image is preferably converted by RGB color
To the V value (i.e. tone value) in hsv color space, or the rgb value for RGB color.
Wherein, following manner can be used in the comparative approach of the color feature value of each layered image and established standards value:
The color feature value for calculating each layered image in frozen soil image from top to bottom, the color for calculating a layered image are special
It is just compared with established standards value after value indicative, if the difference of the color feature value of the layered image and established standards value does not exist
In the setting range, then calculate the color feature value of next layered image, then be compared, until find color feature value with
That layered image of the difference of established standards value within the set range.
The present invention carries out layered shaping by the frozen soil image to the frozen soil to be identified that molten water discoloration solute is added, by each point
The color feature value of tomographic image and established standards value one by one compared with, until the color feature value of some layered image and setting are marked
Difference between quasi- value according to height and position of the layered image in entire frozen soil image, obtains to be identified within the set range
The depth of freezing of frozen soil.Frost penetration recognition principle of the invention is simple, and the precision of measuring frozen depth is high, facilitates experimental ring
The research and observation of frost penetration under border.
Meanwhile the frost penetration that can also detect frozen soil observation method of the invention, as standard, verifying is frozen for measuring
The measurement accuracy of the frozen soil equipment of native depth, frozen soil equipment include frozen soil sensor and freezing meter.Verification method is to fill in observation
It is put into the soil for being mixed with potassium permanganate solute in setting, is embedded to frozen soil sensor or freezing meter in the soil, observation device is put into
It is freezed in freezer, obtains the frost penetration testing result of frozen soil sensor or freezing meter, while to the jelly obtained after freezing
Soil is taken pictures according to the frozen soil observation method of the present embodiment and image procossing, obtains using frost penetration identification in the present embodiment
The frost penetration testing result of method.By contrasting detection as a result, the measurement accuracy of assessment frozen soil sensor or freezing meter.
Specific verification method is as follows:
It takes pictures under 0 DEG C of environment to the soil in observation device, obtained standard picture is as shown in Fig. 2-1, by this
Standard picture is transformed into hsv color space by RGB color, since each observation position angle is different, it is therefore desirable to scheme
Observation area is selected in 2-1, image segmentation is from top to bottom multiple pieces in selected observation area, is obtained multiple hierarchical diagrams
Picture extracts the V value of each layered image, calculates the V value of each layered image from top to bottom, the benchmark as soil freezing judgement
Vector, i.e., the corresponding standard value of each layered image.
Two processes of soil freezing take pictures image respectively as shown in Fig. 2-2 and Fig. 2-3, and soil freezes from top to bottom
Carry out, do not freeze part present kermesinus, fully charge part be ashen, due to lower soil temperature reduce slowly, freeze be
The process that one multilayer slowly carries out simultaneously.Frozen soil sensor or freezing meter detection when record is taken pictures every time respectively while taking pictures
Frost penetration.Firstly, the image for the shooting that will acquire carries out layered shaping, multiple layered images are obtained.Then, equally by upper
And the lower V value for extracting each layered image, as the color feature value of each layered image, the color feature value of layered image with
The standard value that layered image is corresponded in Fig. 2-1 compares, when the difference compared determines in corresponding layered image less than 0.2 for the first time
Soil starts to freeze, and calculates soil freezing finally by the relationship of V value and soil actual depth in the layered image and freezes
Depth, V value in Fig. 2-1, Fig. 2-2 and Fig. 2-3 respectively with the relationship of soil actual depth as shown in Figure 3 (the V value of Fig. 2-1 with
The V value that the relationship of soil actual depth corresponds to curve Image1, Fig. 2-2 in Fig. 3 is corresponding with the relationship of soil actual depth
The curve Image3 in Fig. 3 is corresponded to the relationship of soil actual depth for the V value of curve Image2, Fig. 2-3 in Fig. 3), root
The depth of freezing of the frozen soil in Fig. 2-2 is found out according to the relationship as shown in Fig. 4-1, the depth of freezing of the frozen soil in Fig. 2-3 such as Fig. 4-2
It is shown, finally, the frost penetration by frost penetration shown in Fig. 4-1, Fig. 4-2 respectively with the detection of frozen soil sensor compares,
So that it is determined that the measurement accuracy of frozen soil sensor detection frost penetration.
Soil actual depth in the relationship of the above V value and soil actual depth is by corresponding layered image and entire
The proportionate relationship of frozen soil image is obtained in conjunction with the practical whole height of soil.
It should be noted that being that all soil are in a kind of state that will freeze but not freeze, reason shown in Fig. 2-1
It should be a color by the soil in the above figure, i.e., the V value of each layered image should be the same in the figure, each in figure
Why different the V value of layered image is, is because caused by the various extraneous factors such as soil impurity, uniformity coefficient.Therefore, exist
When standard value is set, corresponding V value is extracted to each layered image respectively, multiple standard values is set, by Fig. 2-2 with Fig. 2-
It is comparison in layer, i.e. the first layer layered image and Fig. 2-1 of Fig. 2-2 when the V value of layered image in 1 compares
First layer layered image be compared, the second layer layered image of Fig. 2-2 is compared with the second layer layered image of Fig. 2-1
Compared with, and so on.Similarly, comparison when Fig. 2-3 is compared with the V value of the layered image in Fig. 2-1, and in layer,
It repeats no more.
Installation practice:
The present embodiment proposes that a kind of frozen soil observation device based on colorimetric method, including memory and processor, processor are used
In execution instruction stored in memory to realize the step in the frozen soil observation method in above method embodiment.In addition,
Processor in the present embodiment either computer, is also possible to microprocessor, such as ARM, can also be programmable chip,
Such as FGPA, DSP.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of frozen soil observation method based on colorimetric method, which comprises the following steps:
1) the frozen soil image that the frozen soil to be identified of molten water discoloration solute is added is obtained；
2) frozen soil image is subjected to layered shaping along frost penetration direction；
3) start the color feature value of calculating layered image, and the color feature value of layered image and established standards value are compared
Compared with until the difference of the color feature value of some layered image and established standards value is within the set range, then according to the difference
Height and position of the different correspondence layered image within the set range in entire frozen soil image, obtain frozen soil to be identified freezes depth
Degree.
2. the frozen soil observation method according to claim 1 based on colorimetric method, which is characterized in that the established standards value is logical
Cross following steps acquisition:
The frozen soil image that molten water discoloration solute is added is obtained under set temperature environment, using the frozen soil image as standard picture；
The set temperature environment is the critical temperature value for making soil reach frozen state；
The color feature value for obtaining the standard picture, using the color feature value of the standard picture as the established standards
Value.
3. the frozen soil observation method according to claim 1 or 2 based on colorimetric method, which is characterized in that the color characteristic
Value is the V value that layered image is transformed into hsv color space by RGB color.
4. the frozen soil observation method according to claim 1 or 2 based on colorimetric method, which is characterized in that the molten water discoloration
Solute is potassium permanganate.
5. a kind of frozen soil observation device based on colorimetric method, which is characterized in that including memory and processor, the processor is used
In execution instruction stored in memory to realize the frozen soil observation according to any one of claims 1-4 based on colorimetric method
Method.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110514135A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-11-29 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of soil frozen depth measuring device and measuring method |
| CN115144429A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-04 | 中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Deep saturated soft tailing undisturbed sample frost heaving test system and method |
| CN116698829A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-09-05 | 华能新能源股份有限公司山西分公司 | Wind-powered electricity generation basis soil freezes degree of depth measuring equipment |
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