CN109578078B - Multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatic warning of loose and broken coal and rock mass and use method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatic warning of loose and broken coal and rock mass and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109578078B CN109578078B CN201811599400.3A CN201811599400A CN109578078B CN 109578078 B CN109578078 B CN 109578078B CN 201811599400 A CN201811599400 A CN 201811599400A CN 109578078 B CN109578078 B CN 109578078B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
- E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
Be suitable for soft broken coal rock mass automatic warning multiple foundation point abscission layer appearance, including setting up the downthehole sleeve that collapses of preventing of vertical drilling, the downthehole tip of preventing collapsing is provided with the radial flexible setting element that is located drilling drill way department, radial flexible setting element lower extreme can dismantle and be connected with T type test alarm sleeve assembly, wear to be equipped with three unequal high-strength of length in the downthehole sleeve of preventing collapsing and let pressure wire rope, three high-strength let pressure wire rope's upper end be connected with the anchor jaw of location in the drilling inside respectively, three high-strength let pressure wire rope's lower extreme pass behind the radial flexible setting element respectively connect in the left side, right side and the lower part of T type test alarm sleeve assembly. The invention also discloses a using method of the multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatically warning the loose and broken coal rock mass. The invention has reasonable design, convenient installation and strong pertinence, effectively solves the problems of installation and fixation of the separation layer instrument in the crushed coal rock mass, can automatically warn, and improves the applicability of the invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway support, and particularly relates to an automatic warning multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for loose and broken coal and rock mass and a use method thereof.
Background
The roof collapse disaster of the tunnel roof is one of the major threats facing the coal mine safety production, and a great deal of research work is carried out around the monitoring and early warning technology of the roof collapse disaster of the tunnel by a plurality of students at home and abroad. Since the roof of a coal mine is generally of a typical layered structure, the roof delamination amount is used as one of important index data for judging roof collapse catastrophe of a roadway. In the prior art, disaster identification and early warning are usually carried out according to the magnitude of the separation layer, or according to the separation layer speed, or according to the acceleration of the separation layer.
At present, a roof separation instrument commonly used in mine roadways consists of flukes, steel wires and sleeve reading devices, one ends of the steel wires are connected with the flukes and fixed at a certain depth target position in a rock mass drilling hole, the other ends of the steel wires are connected with the sleeve reading devices and fixed at a drilling hole orifice, and when separation and displacement of coal strata occur, the steel wires in the target range pull a pointer or an indicating ring of the sleeve reading devices to indicate the displacement value. However, for a mine with complex geological conditions, especially a mine with broken coal and rock mass in a monitored area, the rock stratum on the surface of a roadway is usually broken in a short period after the roadway is excavated, and the broken rock stratum moves irregularly and moves in a staggered manner, so that the sleeve reading device cannot be installed and stably fixed at a drill hole.
The roof separation instrument is mainly used for roof separation monitoring of coal mine roadways, guides roof support parameters to select and prevent roof falling accidents, but due to complex underground geological exploitation conditions of coal mine, underground staff cannot timely learn huge potential safety hazards of roadway surrounding rocks caused by separation through a conventional separation instrument when the roadway surrounding rocks are separated and are continuously increased, and roof falling accidents are caused by sudden falling when the roadway surrounding pressure separation quantity reaches a critical value, so that the roof separation instrument capable of adapting to various stratum conditions and timely forecasting and warning is particularly necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides a multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatically warning a loose and broken coal rock mass and a use method thereof, and can effectively solve the problems of effective installation and fixation of the multi-base point separation layer instrument in the loose and broken coal rock mass and timely warning when the multi-base point separation layer instrument reaches a separation layer quantity critical value in a separation layer monitoring process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: be suitable for soft broken coal rock mass automatic warning multiple foundation point abscission layer appearance, including setting up the downthehole sleeve that collapses of preventing of vertical drilling, the downthehole tip of preventing collapsing is provided with the radial flexible setting element that is located drilling drill way department, radial flexible setting element lower extreme can dismantle and be connected with T type test alarm sleeve assembly, wear to be equipped with three unequal high-strength of length in the downthehole sleeve of preventing collapsing and let pressure wire rope, three high-strength let pressure wire rope's upper end be connected with the anchor jaw of location in the drilling inside respectively, three high-strength let pressure wire rope's lower extreme pass behind the radial flexible setting element respectively connect in the left side, right side and the lower part of T type test alarm sleeve assembly.
The radial telescopic positioning piece comprises a cover plate, a bevel gear, a gear disc and three clamping jaws, wherein the cover plate is coaxially arranged on the lower end face of the anti-collapse hole sleeve through a bolt, three guide rail holes are uniformly formed in the lower portion of the anti-collapse hole sleeve along the circumferential direction of the anti-collapse hole sleeve, the gear disc is coaxially arranged in the anti-collapse hole sleeve and positioned at the lower side of the guide rail holes, the three clamping jaws are respectively and correspondingly and slidably arranged in the three guide rail holes, the upper side face of the gear disc is in threaded connection with the bottoms of the three clamping jaws at the same time, a mounting hole is formed between the upper side face of the cover plate and the lower end face of the anti-collapse hole sleeve along the radial direction, the center line of the bevel gear coincides with the center line of the mounting hole, the bevel gear is positioned below the gear disc, the bevel gear is meshed with the gear disc, the outer end of the bevel gear stretches into and is rotationally connected in the mounting hole, and an inner hexagonal clamping groove is formed in the center of the outer end face of the bevel gear; the coaxial line of apron downside is fixedly connected with outer hexagonal transmission spare, and the internal thread hole has been seted up at outer hexagonal transmission spare's center, and the through-hole that corresponds from top to bottom and link up with the internal thread hole has all been seted up at the center of toothed disc and apron.
The T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly comprises a lower sleeve, a left sleeve and a right sleeve, wherein separation layer measuring scale alarms with the same structure are arranged in the lower sleeve, the left sleeve and the right sleeve, the upper end of the lower sleeve extends into and is connected to an inner threaded hole of an outer six-edge transmission piece in a threaded manner, the right end of the left sleeve is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the left side of the lower sleeve, and the left end of the right sleeve is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the right side of the lower sleeve; the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve are internally communicated, the outer circles of the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve are provided with scales along the axial direction, and three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes sequentially penetrate through the through holes and the upper part of the lower sleeve and then penetrate into the lower sleeve, the left sleeve and the right sleeve respectively and are connected with a separation layer measuring scale alarm therein.
The separation layer measuring scale alarm in the lower sleeve comprises a spring, a baffle, a sliding sheet, a mechanical bell and a fluorescent strip warning device, wherein a locating ring is arranged on the upper portion of the inner wall of the lower sleeve, the spring is coaxially arranged in the lower sleeve, the baffle is arranged on the lower portion of the lower sleeve, a high-strength yielding wire rope penetrates through the spring to be connected with the baffle, the high-strength yielding wire rope stretches and pulls the baffle, the baffle compresses the spring, the upper end of the spring is in pressing fit with the locating ring, the mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are arranged on the lower surface of the baffle and are located outside the lower sleeve, a sliding hole is formed in the lower sleeve along the axial direction, the sliding sheet is in arc-shaped structure and is in sliding connection with the lower sleeve, and the sliding sheet is connected with the sliding sheet through the sliding hole.
The upper part of each fluke is in a truncated cone shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the lower part of each fluke is in a cylindrical shape, and 3 barb steel sheets are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the cylindrical shape of each fluke.
The three high-strength yielding wire ropes are formed by twisting eight strands of thin wires together, the diameter of the three high-strength yielding wire ropes is 1.0mm, and the lengths of the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are 10000mm, 6000mm and 2000mm respectively.
The upper end of the collapse-preventing hole sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with a guide cylinder with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, and the outer circle of the collapse-preventing hole sleeve is provided with a spiral groove along the axial direction.
The application method of the multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatically warning the loose and broken coal and rock mass comprises the following steps,
(1) An inner hexagonal connecting piece is arranged outside an outer hexagonal transmission piece, an inner hexagonal stepped hole with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed in the inner hexagonal connecting piece, the inner hexagonal hole with a large upper part of the inner hexagonal connecting piece is assembled with the outer hexagonal transmission piece, a section of hexagonal drill rod penetrates through the inner hexagonal hole with a small lower part of the inner hexagonal connecting piece and sequentially penetrates through a through hole of a gear disc and a cover plate and an anti-collapse hole sleeve, and the upper end of the hexagonal drill rod extends out of the upper port of the anti-collapse hole sleeve;
(2) The lower end of the hexagonal drill rod is arranged on the drilling machine, the drilling machine is started to drill the loose and broken coal rock body upwards, the hexagonal drill rod drives the anti-collapse sleeve to rotate through the inner hexagonal connecting piece and the outer hexagonal transmission piece, the inner diameter of the guide cylinder at the upper end of the anti-collapse sleeve is larger than the largest rotation diameter of the hexagonal drill rod, the anti-collapse sleeve is easy to enter the drilling hole along with the rotation of the hexagonal drill rod and expand the drilling hole under the guide of the guide cylinder due to the fact that the coal rock body is loose, the drilling machine is closed until the radial telescopic positioning piece enters the hole opening of the drilling hole and the inner hexagonal clamping groove of the outer end face of the bevel gear is located outside the hole opening of the drilling hole, the drilling hole is stopped, the hexagonal drill rod is pulled out, and the inner hexagonal connecting piece is taken down;
(3) The method comprises the steps that an external hexagonal wrench is inserted into an internal hexagonal clamping groove on the outer end face of a bevel gear, the bevel gear is driven to rotate, three clamping jaws in threaded connection with the gear are moved outwards along the radial direction through guide rail holes, the clamping jaws further press the hole wall of a drilling hole outwards and are clamped into the hole wall, and therefore the anti-collapse hole sleeve is positioned in the drilling hole;
(4) Then, a cylindrical drill rod is used for continuously drilling upwards through the outer six-edge transmission piece and the collapse-preventing hole sleeve, one section of the cylindrical drill rod is connected with one section of the cylindrical drill rod, the drilling machine is stopped after the drilling hole is drilled to be 10 meters deep, and the cylindrical drill rod is pulled out;
(5) A straight rod is inserted into a groove at the bottom of an upper fluke, a high-strength yielding steel wire rope with the length of 10000mm is connected to the fluke, the straight rod carries the fluke to sequentially pass through an outer six-edge transmission piece and an anti-collapse hole sleeve and then extend into a drill hole, the straight rod is pulled out after the fluke is jacked to the depth of 10 meters, and the fluke is firmly fixed in the drill hole under the action of a barb steel sheet outside the fluke;
(6) Jacking and fixing two flukes connected with high-strength yielding wire ropes with 6000mm and 2000mm into a drill hole in sequence according to the process of the step (5);
(7) Then, three high-strength yielding wire ropes penetrate into the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve respectively, the upper end part of the lower sleeve extends into and is connected with an internal threaded hole of the outer six-edge transmission piece in a threaded manner, then three springs are respectively placed into the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve, the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are respectively connected with the baffle plates, and the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are in a tensioning state and the springs are in a compression state;
(8) The mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are arranged at the left end of the left sleeve, the right end of the right sleeve and the bottom of the lower sleeve and are connected with the baffle plate;
(9) When the separation layer of the deep base point of the soft broken coal rock body occurs, the high-strength steel wire rope can be tensioned, the high-strength steel wire rope can be used for pulling the baffle plate to overcome the elasticity of the spring, the sliding sheet on the left sleeve moves rightwards along the left sleeve, the sliding sheet on the right sleeve moves leftwards along the right sleeve, the sliding sheet on the lower sleeve moves upwards along the lower sleeve, and when the separation layer quantity of the deep base point of the soft broken coal rock body reaches a critical value, namely, after the sliding sheet moves to a certain position, the mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are triggered, so that the automatic bell alarms and the fluorescent strip warning is released at the same time, and the separation layer quantity generated by the middle base point, the shallow base point and the deep base point in a drilled hole can be measured respectively.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. because the soft broken coal rock mass is easy to collapse at one section of the hole opening of the drill hole when the drill hole is drilled, the anti-collapse sleeve is extruded into the drill hole along with drilling when the drill hole is drilled for the first time, and the forming reliability of the drill hole is ensured. The spiral groove arranged on the outer circle of the collapse-preventing sleeve not only plays a role in facilitating entering into a drilled hole along with the hexagonal drill rod, but also plays an axial positioning role after entering into the drilled hole. The connecting structure of the spiral groove and the wall of the drilled hole is combined with the positioning structure of the three clamping jaws which are radially expanded and inserted into the wall of the drilled hole, so that the collapse-preventing hole sleeve is firmly positioned at the hole opening of the drilled hole.
2. According to the invention, the three clamping claws are arranged to be positioned to different depths in the drill hole, the high-strength yielding steel wire rope is used for tensioning, when the separation layer occurs in the loose broken coal rock mass, the high-strength yielding steel wire rope stretches the baffle plate to overcome the elasticity of the spring and drive the scribing to move, the separation layer quantity can be judged according to the distance of the scribing movement, and when the separation layer reaches a certain degree and reaches a critical value, the alarm can be automatically given out, so that the safety of production operation is improved.
In conclusion, the invention has reasonable design, convenient installation and strong pertinence, effectively solves the problems of installation and fixation of the separation layer instrument in the crushed coal rock mass, can automatically warn, and improves the applicability of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a fixed collapse prevention sleeve for starting drilling with a six-sided drill pipe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the radial expansion joint of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the T-test alarm sleeve assembly of FIG. 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the outer six-sided transmission member of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the cover plate in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-6, the automatic warning multi-base-point separation layer instrument suitable for soft broken coal and rock mass comprises an anti-collapse hole sleeve 1 arranged in a vertical drilling hole, wherein the lower end part of the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1 is provided with a radial telescopic positioning piece 2 positioned at a drilling hole opening, the lower end of the radial telescopic positioning piece 2 is detachably connected with a T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly 3, three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes 4 with different lengths are arranged in the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1 in a penetrating mode, the upper ends of the three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes 4 are respectively connected with an anchor claw 5 positioned in the drilling hole, and the lower ends of the three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes 4 are respectively connected to the left side, the right side and the lower part of the T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly 3 after penetrating through the radial telescopic positioning piece 2.
The radial telescopic positioning piece 2 comprises a cover plate 6, a bevel gear 7, a gear disc 8 and three clamping claws 9, wherein the cover plate 6 is coaxially arranged on the lower end face of the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1 through bolts, three guide rail holes are formed in the inner lower portion of the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1, the three guide rail holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1, the gear disc 8 is coaxially arranged in the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1 and positioned at the lower side of the guide rail holes, the three clamping claws 9 are respectively and correspondingly and slidably arranged in the three guide rail holes, the upper side face of the gear disc 8 and the bottoms of the three clamping claws 9 are in threaded connection at the same time, a mounting hole 10 is formed between the upper side face of the cover plate 6 and the lower end face of the anti-collapse hole sleeve 1 along the radial direction, the center line of the bevel gear 7 coincides with the center line of the mounting hole 10, the bevel gear 7 is positioned below the gear disc 8, the bevel gear 7 is meshed with the gear disc 8, the outer end of the bevel gear 7 stretches into and is rotationally connected in the mounting hole 10, and an inner hexagonal clamping groove 11 is formed in the center of the outer end face of the bevel gear 7; the lower side of the cover plate 6 is fixedly connected with an outer hexagonal transmission member 12 in a coaxial line, an inner threaded hole 13 is formed in the center of the outer hexagonal transmission member 12, and through holes 14 which are correspondingly communicated with the inner threaded hole 13 up and down are formed in the centers of the gear disc 8 and the cover plate 6.
The T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly 3 comprises a lower sleeve 15, a left sleeve 16 and a right sleeve 17, wherein separation layer measuring scale alarms with the same structure are arranged in the lower sleeve 15, the left sleeve 16 and the right sleeve 17, the upper end of the lower sleeve 15 extends into and is connected with an internal threaded hole 13 of an external hexagonal transmission member 12 in a threaded manner, the right end of the left sleeve 16 is vertically and fixedly connected with the upper part of the left side of the lower sleeve 15, and the left end of the right sleeve 17 is vertically and fixedly connected with the upper part of the right side of the lower sleeve 15; the left sleeve 16, the right sleeve 17 and the lower sleeve 15 are internally communicated, the outer circles of the left sleeve 16, the right sleeve 17 and the lower sleeve 15 are provided with scales along the axial direction, and three high-strength yielding wire ropes 4 sequentially pass through the through holes 14 and the upper parts of the lower sleeve 15 and then respectively penetrate into the lower sleeve 15, the left sleeve 16 and the right sleeve 17 to be connected with a separation layer measuring scale alarm therein.
The separation layer measuring scale alarm in the lower sleeve 15 comprises a spring 18, a baffle 19, a sliding sheet 20, a mechanical bell and fluorescent strip alarm device 21, wherein a locating ring is arranged on the upper portion of the inner wall of the lower sleeve 15, the spring 18 is coaxially arranged in the lower sleeve 15, the baffle 19 is arranged on the lower portion in the lower sleeve 15, a high-strength yielding wire rope 4 passes through the spring 18 to be connected with the baffle 19, the high-strength yielding wire rope 4 is used for tensioning and pulling the baffle 19, the baffle 19 compresses the spring 18, the upper end of the spring 18 is in pressing fit with the locating ring, the mechanical bell and fluorescent strip alarm device 21 is arranged on the lower surface of the baffle 19 and is positioned outside the lower sleeve 15, a sliding hole 22 is formed in the lower sleeve 15 along the axial direction, the sliding sheet 20 is in arc-shaped structure and is in sliding connection with the lower sleeve 15, and the sliding sheet 20 is connected with the sliding sheet 20 through the sliding hole 22.
The upper part of the fluke 5 is in a truncated cone shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the lower part of the fluke 5 is in a cylindrical shape, and 3 barb steel sheets 23 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the cylindrical shape of the fluke 5.
The three high-strength yielding wire ropes 4 are formed by twisting eight strands of thin wires together, the diameter of the three high-strength yielding wire ropes is 1.0mm, and the lengths of the three high-strength yielding wire ropes 4 are 10000mm, 6000mm and 2000mm respectively.
The upper end of the collapse-preventing hole sleeve 1 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a guide cylinder 24 with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, and the outer circle of the collapse-preventing hole sleeve 1 is provided with a spiral groove 25 along the axial direction.
The application method of the multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatically warning the loose and broken coal and rock mass comprises the following steps,
(1) An inner hexagonal connecting piece 26 is arranged outside the outer hexagonal transmission piece 12, an inner hexagonal stepped hole with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part is formed in the inner hexagonal connecting piece 26, the inner hexagonal hole with a larger upper part of the inner hexagonal connecting piece 26 is assembled with the outer hexagonal transmission piece 12, a section of hexagonal drill rod 27 firstly penetrates through the smaller inner hexagonal hole with a smaller lower part of the inner hexagonal connecting piece 26 and sequentially penetrates through the through holes 14 of the gear disc 8 and the cover plate 6 and the collapse preventing sleeve 1, and the upper end of the hexagonal drill rod 27 extends out of the upper port of the collapse preventing sleeve 1;
(2) The lower end of the hexagonal drill rod 27 is mounted on a drilling machine, the drilling machine is started to drill loose and broken coal rock upwards, the hexagonal drill rod 27 drives the anti-collapse sleeve 1 to rotate through the inner hexagonal connecting piece 26 and the outer hexagonal transmission piece 12, the inner diameter of the guide cylinder 24 at the upper end of the anti-collapse sleeve 1 is larger than the largest rotation diameter of the hexagonal drill rod 27, the anti-collapse sleeve 1 is easy to enter a drill hole along with the rotation of the hexagonal drill rod 27 and enlarge the drill hole under the guide of the guide cylinder 24 due to the fact that the coal rock is loose, until the radial telescopic positioning piece 2 enters the hole of the drill hole and the inner hexagonal clamping groove 11 at the outer end face of the bevel gear 7 is located outside the hole of the drill hole, the drilling machine is closed, the drill hole is stopped, the hexagonal drill rod 27 is pulled out, and the inner hexagonal connecting piece 26 is removed;
(3) The method comprises the steps that an external hexagonal wrench is inserted into an internal hexagonal clamping groove 11 on the outer end face of a bevel gear 7, the bevel gear 7 is driven to rotate, the bevel gear 7 rotates to drive a gear disc 8 to rotate, three clamping claws 9 in threaded connection with the gear disc 8 move outwards along the radial direction through guide rail holes, the clamping claws 9 further press the hole wall of a drilling hole outwards and are clamped into the hole wall, and therefore the collapse-preventing sleeve 1 is positioned in the drilling hole;
(4) Then, a cylindrical drill rod is used for continuously drilling upwards through the outer six-edge transmission piece 12 and the collapse-preventing hole sleeve 1, one section of the cylindrical drill rod is connected with one section of the cylindrical drill rod, the drilling machine is stopped until the drilling hole is drilled to a depth of 10 meters, and the cylindrical drill rod is pulled out;
(5) A straight rod is inserted into a groove at the bottom of an upper fluke 5, a high-strength yielding wire rope 4 with the length of 10000mm is connected to the fluke 5, the straight rod is led to the fluke 5 to sequentially pass through an outer six-edge transmission piece 12 and the collapse-preventing hole sleeve 1 and then extend into a drill hole, the straight rod is pulled out after the fluke 5 is jacked to the depth of 10 meters, and the fluke 5 is firmly fixed in the drill hole under the action of a barb steel sheet 23 outside the fluke 5;
(6) According to the process of the step (5), two flukes 5 connected with high-strength yielding wire ropes 4 with 6000mm and 2000mm are sequentially jacked into the drill hole and fixed;
(7) Then three high-strength yielding wire ropes 4 are respectively penetrated into the left sleeve 16, the right sleeve 17 and the lower sleeve 15, the upper end part of the lower sleeve 15 is extended into and connected with the internal threaded hole 13 of the outer six-edge transmission piece 12 in a threaded manner, then three springs 18 are respectively put into the left sleeve 16, the right sleeve 17 and the lower sleeve 15, the three high-strength yielding wire ropes 4 are respectively connected with a baffle 19, so that the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are in a tensioning state and the springs 18 are in a compression state;
(8) The mechanical bell and fluorescent strip warning device 21 is arranged at the left end of the left sleeve 16, the right end of the right sleeve 17 and the bottom of the lower sleeve 15 and is connected with the baffle 19;
(9) When the separation layer of the deep base point of the soft broken coal rock body occurs, the high-strength yielding wire rope 4 is tensioned, the high-strength yielding wire rope 4 pulls the baffle 19 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 18, the sliding vane 20 on the left sleeve 16 moves rightwards along the left sleeve 16, the sliding vane 20 on the right sleeve 17 moves leftwards along the right sleeve 17, the sliding vane 20 on the lower sleeve 15 moves upwards along the lower sleeve 15, and when the separation layer quantity of the deep base point of the soft broken coal rock body reaches a critical value, namely, after the sliding vane 20 moves to a certain position, the mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are triggered, so that the automatic bell warning is realized and the fluorescent warning strip is released at the same time, and the separation layer quantity generated by the middle base point in a drill hole, the shallow base point and the deep base point can be measured respectively.
The mechanical bell and fluorescent strip warning device 21 in the present invention is a well-known technology, and the specific construction is not described again.
The present embodiment is not limited in any way by the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention are all included in the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Be suitable for soft broken coal rock mass automatic warning multiple foundation point abscission layer appearance, its characterized in that: the anti-collapse device comprises an anti-collapse hole sleeve arranged in a vertical drilling hole, wherein the lower end part of the anti-collapse hole sleeve is provided with a radial telescopic positioning piece positioned at a drilling hole opening, the lower end of the radial telescopic positioning piece is detachably connected with a T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly, three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes with unequal lengths are arranged in the anti-collapse hole sleeve in a penetrating mode, the upper ends of the three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes are respectively connected with an anchor jaw positioned in the drilling hole, and the lower ends of the three high-strength yielding steel wire ropes are respectively connected to the left side, the right side and the lower part of the T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly after penetrating through the radial telescopic positioning piece;
the radial telescopic positioning piece comprises a cover plate, a bevel gear, a gear disc and three clamping jaws, wherein the cover plate is coaxially arranged on the lower end face of the anti-collapse hole sleeve through a bolt, three guide rail holes are uniformly formed in the lower portion of the anti-collapse hole sleeve along the circumferential direction of the anti-collapse hole sleeve, the gear disc is coaxially arranged in the anti-collapse hole sleeve and positioned at the lower side of the guide rail holes, the three clamping jaws are respectively and correspondingly and slidably arranged in the three guide rail holes, the upper side face of the gear disc is in threaded connection with the bottoms of the three clamping jaws at the same time, a mounting hole is formed between the upper side face of the cover plate and the lower end face of the anti-collapse hole sleeve along the radial direction, the center line of the bevel gear coincides with the center line of the mounting hole, the bevel gear is positioned below the gear disc, the bevel gear is meshed with the gear disc, the outer end of the bevel gear stretches into and is rotationally connected in the mounting hole, and an inner hexagonal clamping groove is formed in the center of the outer end face of the bevel gear; the lower side of the cover plate is coaxially and fixedly connected with an outer hexagonal transmission member, the center of the outer hexagonal transmission member is provided with an inner threaded hole, and the centers of the gear plate and the cover plate are provided with through holes which are correspondingly communicated with the inner threaded hole up and down;
the T-shaped test alarm sleeve assembly comprises a lower sleeve, a left sleeve and a right sleeve, wherein separation layer measuring scale alarms with the same structure are arranged in the lower sleeve, the left sleeve and the right sleeve, the upper end of the lower sleeve extends into and is connected to an inner threaded hole of an outer six-edge transmission piece in a threaded manner, the right end of the left sleeve is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the left side of the lower sleeve, and the left end of the right sleeve is vertically and fixedly connected to the upper part of the right side of the lower sleeve; the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve are internally communicated, the outer circles of the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve are provided with scales along the axial direction, and three high-strength yielding wire ropes sequentially pass through the through holes and the upper part of the lower sleeve and then respectively penetrate into the lower sleeve, the left sleeve and the right sleeve to be connected with a separation layer measuring scale alarm therein;
the separation layer measuring scale alarm in the lower sleeve comprises a spring, a baffle plate, a sliding sheet, a mechanical bell and a fluorescent strip warning device, wherein a positioning ring is arranged at the upper part of the inner wall of the lower sleeve, the spring is coaxially arranged in the lower sleeve, the baffle plate is arranged at the lower part in the lower sleeve, a high-strength yielding wire rope penetrates through the spring to be connected with the baffle plate, the high-strength yielding wire rope stretches and pulls the baffle plate, the baffle plate compresses the spring, the upper end of the spring is in pressing fit with the positioning ring, the mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are arranged on the lower surface of the baffle plate and are positioned outside the lower sleeve, a sliding hole is formed in the lower sleeve along the axial direction, the sliding sheet is in arc-shaped structure and is in sliding connection with the outer part of the lower sleeve, and the sliding sheet is connected with the sliding sheet through the sliding hole;
the upper part of each fluke is in a truncated cone shape with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, the lower part of each fluke is in a cylindrical shape, and 3 barb steel sheets are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the cylindrical shape of each fluke.
2. The multi-base point delamination apparatus adapted for automatic alerting of loose broken coal rock mass according to claim 1, wherein: the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are formed by twisting eight strands of thin wires together, the diameter of the three high-strength yielding wire ropes is 1.0mm, and the lengths of the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are 10000mm, 6000mm and 2000mm respectively.
3. The multi-base point delamination apparatus adapted for automatic alerting of loose broken coal rock mass according to claim 2, wherein: the upper end of the collapse-preventing hole sleeve is coaxially and fixedly connected with a guide cylinder with a thin upper part and a thick lower part, and the outer circle of the collapse-preventing hole sleeve is provided with a spiral groove along the axial direction.
4. A method of using a multi-base point delamination apparatus adapted for automatic alerting of loose broken coal rock mass according to claim 3, wherein: comprises the steps of,
(1) An inner hexagonal connecting piece is arranged outside an outer hexagonal transmission piece, an inner hexagonal stepped hole with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed in the inner hexagonal connecting piece, the inner hexagonal hole with a large upper part of the inner hexagonal connecting piece is assembled with the outer hexagonal transmission piece, a section of hexagonal drill rod penetrates through the inner hexagonal hole with a small lower part of the inner hexagonal connecting piece and sequentially penetrates through a through hole of a gear disc and a cover plate and an anti-collapse hole sleeve, and the upper end of the hexagonal drill rod extends out of the upper port of the anti-collapse hole sleeve;
(2) The lower end of the hexagonal drill rod is arranged on the drilling machine, the drilling machine is started to drill the loose and broken coal rock body upwards, the hexagonal drill rod drives the anti-collapse sleeve to rotate through the inner hexagonal connecting piece and the outer hexagonal transmission piece, the inner diameter of the guide cylinder at the upper end of the anti-collapse sleeve is larger than the largest rotation diameter of the hexagonal drill rod, the anti-collapse sleeve is easy to enter the drilling hole along with the rotation of the hexagonal drill rod and expand the drilling hole under the guide of the guide cylinder due to the fact that the coal rock body is loose, the drilling machine is closed until the radial telescopic positioning piece enters the hole opening of the drilling hole and the inner hexagonal clamping groove of the outer end face of the bevel gear is located outside the hole opening of the drilling hole, the drilling hole is stopped, the hexagonal drill rod is pulled out, and the inner hexagonal connecting piece is taken down;
(3) The method comprises the steps that an external hexagonal wrench is inserted into an internal hexagonal clamping groove on the outer end face of a bevel gear, the bevel gear is driven to rotate, three clamping jaws in threaded connection with the gear are moved outwards along the radial direction through guide rail holes, the clamping jaws further press the hole wall of a drilling hole outwards and are clamped into the hole wall, and therefore the anti-collapse hole sleeve is positioned in the drilling hole;
(4) Then, a cylindrical drill rod is used for continuously drilling upwards through the outer six-edge transmission piece and the collapse-preventing hole sleeve, one section of the cylindrical drill rod is connected with one section of the cylindrical drill rod, the drilling machine is stopped after the drilling hole is drilled to be 10 meters deep, and the cylindrical drill rod is pulled out;
(5) A straight rod is inserted into a groove at the bottom of an upper fluke, a high-strength yielding steel wire rope with the length of 10000mm is connected to the fluke, the straight rod carries the fluke to sequentially pass through an outer six-edge transmission piece and an anti-collapse hole sleeve and then extend into a drill hole, the straight rod is pulled out after the fluke is jacked to the depth of 10 meters, and the fluke is firmly fixed in the drill hole under the action of a barb steel sheet outside the fluke;
(6) Jacking and fixing two flukes connected with high-strength yielding wire ropes with 6000mm and 2000mm into a drill hole in sequence according to the process of the step (5);
(7) Then, three high-strength yielding wire ropes penetrate into the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve respectively, the upper end part of the lower sleeve extends into and is connected with an internal threaded hole of the outer six-edge transmission piece in a threaded manner, then three springs are respectively placed into the left sleeve, the right sleeve and the lower sleeve, the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are respectively connected with the baffle plates, and the three high-strength yielding wire ropes are in a tensioning state and the springs are in a compression state;
(8) The mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are arranged at the left end of the left sleeve, the right end of the right sleeve and the bottom of the lower sleeve and are connected with the baffle plate;
(9) When the separation layer of the deep base point of the soft broken coal rock body occurs, the high-strength steel wire rope can be tensioned, the high-strength steel wire rope can be used for pulling the baffle plate to overcome the elasticity of the spring, the sliding sheet on the left sleeve moves rightwards along the left sleeve, the sliding sheet on the right sleeve moves leftwards along the right sleeve, the sliding sheet on the lower sleeve moves upwards along the lower sleeve, and when the separation layer quantity of the deep base point of the soft broken coal rock body reaches a critical value, namely, after the sliding sheet moves to a certain position, the mechanical bell and the fluorescent strip warning device are triggered, so that the automatic bell alarms and the fluorescent strip warning is released at the same time, and the separation layer quantity generated by the middle base point, the shallow base point and the deep base point in a drilled hole can be measured respectively.
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| CN201811599400.3A CN109578078B (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Multi-base point separation layer instrument suitable for automatic warning of loose and broken coal and rock mass and use method thereof |
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