CN107288670A - A kind of method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel - Google Patents
A kind of method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107288670A CN107288670A CN201710679025.2A CN201710679025A CN107288670A CN 107288670 A CN107288670 A CN 107288670A CN 201710679025 A CN201710679025 A CN 201710679025A CN 107288670 A CN107288670 A CN 107288670A
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- top plate
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- supporting
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005770 birds nest Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005765 wild carrot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel, comprise the following steps：S001：Thin bedrock region is determined by physical prospecting mode, and analyzes thin bedrock Outline of regional geological setting；S002：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that the parameter of the anchor pole to the top plate progress supporting in the tunnel in thin bedrock region；Anchor pole is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into thin bedrock region；S003：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that the parameter of the anchor cable to the top plate progress supporting in the tunnel in thin bedrock region；Anchor cable is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into thin bedrock region；S004：Steel band and wire netting are arranged on the both sides lane side in the tunnel in thin bedrock region；S005：Situation to tunnel keeps real-time monitoring.It utilizes best of breed beam theory, devises the length and the mount stress of anchor rod system of anchor pole and anchor cable, realizes the anchor rod system of best of breed beam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heading driving technical field such as roof timbering, more particularly to a kind of supporting is carried out to tunnel
Method for protecting support.
Background technology
Coal Resource Development is that China's economic development is made that tremendous contribution.In coal mining tunneling process, underworkings
Supporting construction is to ensureing that the life security of down-hole miner and technical staff plays an important roll.
In conventional colliery tunnel support construction at present, underworkings supporting construction technology fails to utilize basement rock sheet well
The stability and globality of body, not by basement rock top plate one entirety of formation, so that under certain condition can not effectively supporting
, there is certain potential safety hazard in top plate.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect of the prior art, there is provided a kind of supporting side that supporting is carried out to tunnel
Method, it can improve thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer coal mine tunnel top board security in driving.
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel, comprises the following steps：
S001：Thin bedrock region is determined by physical prospecting mode, and analyzes thin bedrock Outline of regional geological setting；
S002：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that carrying out supporting to the top plate in the tunnel in thin bedrock region
The parameter of anchor pole；
Anchor pole is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into the thin bedrock region；
S003：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that to the top in the tunnel in the thin bedrock region
Plate carries out the parameter of the anchor cable of supporting；
Anchor cable is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into the thin bedrock region；
S004：Steel band and wire netting are arranged on the both sides lane side in the tunnel in the thin bedrock region；
S005：Situation to the tunnel keeps real-time monitoring.
Further, also comprise the following steps in step S002：
Armature boring is beaten into the top plate, filled with the liquid resin stirred in the armature boring, is being incited somebody to action
When the anchor pole is squeezed into the armature boring, the anchor pole is rotated while being moved to the armature boring depths, and make
Obtain and be all stained with the liquid resin on surface of the anchor pole in the armature boring；
After liquid resin solidification, the resin after solidification stick to the anchor pole and the armature boring hole wall it
Between.
Further, also comprise the following steps in step S003：
Anchor cable drilling is played into the top plate, filled with the liquid resin that stirs in the anchor cable drills, will
When the anchor cable is squeezed into the anchor cable drilling, the anchor cable is rotated while being moved to anchor cable drilling depths, and make
Obtain the anchor cable and be all stained with liquid resin on the surface that the anchor cable drills；
After liquid resin solidification, the resin after solidification is sticked between the hole wall of the anchor cable and anchor cable drilling.
Further, also comprise the following steps in step S005：
Rock mass surface displacement detecting/monitoring：
Bottom plate monitoring point is set on the bottom plate in the tunnel, Roof Monitor is set on the top plate in the tunnel
Line between point, and the bottom plate monitoring point and the Roof Monitor point is vertical；
Lane side in the both sides in the tunnel is set between a lane side monitoring point, two lane side monitoring points respectively
Line is parallel with bottom plate；
Determined by monitoring the change of the vertical range between the bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point described
The change of top plate；
The change of the lane side is determined by monitoring the change of the horizontal range between two lane side monitoring points.
Further, bottom plate of being constructed at the bottom plate monitoring point into the bottom plate drills, in bottom plate drilling
Fix one section of base thread steel, the end of the base thread steel stretches out in the outside of the bottom plate drilling, and towards the top
Plate extends；
Constructed at the Roof Monitor point into the top plate top plate drilling, one section of top is fixed in the top plate drilling
Plate screw-thread steel, the end of the top plate screw-thread steel stretches out in the outside of the top plate drilling, and prolongs towards the base thread steel
Stretch；
Drilled respectively to the lane side one lane side of construction of both sides at the lane side monitoring point, in each lane side
One section of lane side screw-thread steel, the outside for all stretching out in the lane side drilling of every lane side screw-thread steel, two are all fixed in drilling
Lane side screw-thread steel is oppositely arranged described in bar.
Further, the bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point are located at the center of the width in the tunnel；
Two lane side monitoring points are located at the center of the short transverse in the tunnel respectively.
Further, it is provided with the tunnel for monitoring between the bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point
Vertical range and for monitor two lane side measuring points between horizontal range distance measurement instrument；
When the change for monitoring vertical range exceeds vertical range predetermined threshold value, warning is sent；
When the change for monitoring horizontal range exceeds horizontal range predetermined threshold value, warning is sent.
Further, also comprise the following steps in step S005：
Roof delamination monitoring；
Along the bearing of trend of the top plate, on the top plate between be separated with to be provided with and multiple extend towards the bottom plate
There is scale on pendant, each pendant；
The monitor of the sagging distance for monitoring the pendant is additionally provided with the tunnel, and records each described
The sagging distance of pendant；
The sagging distance of all pendants is compared respectively, when two of which or more than two pendants
When difference between sagging distance exceedes predetermined threshold value, warning is sent.
Further, also comprise the following steps：
Anchor pole and anchorage cable stress state monitoring：
Supporting plate pressure gauge is set respectively on the anchor pole and anchor cable, and records the initial pressure after rockbolt installation is completed
Value；
Current pressure values described in periodic observation on supporting plate pressure gauge.
Further, the anchor cable includes anchor cable main body and the rope head positioned at described anchor cable main body one end, in the rope head
On be provided with rope head protection set；
Multiple protrusions are positioned apart from the anchor cable main body, the inside of the protrusion is hollow structure；
Protection sleeve pipe is additionally provided with the anchor cable main body, taper washer is provided with the protection sleeve pipe, it is described
Taper washer is located on end of the protection sleeve pipe away from the rope head, from the protection sleeve pipe to the direction of the rope head
On, the diameter of the taper washer is gradually reduced；
Lockset is additionally provided with the anchor cable main body, the lockset is locked in the anchor cable main body, and with the cone
Shape washer contacts.
Using above-mentioned technical proposal, have the advantages that：
The method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel that the present invention is provided utilizes best of breed beam theory, devises anchor pole and anchor
The length of rope and the mount stress of anchor rod system, realize the anchor rod system of best of breed beam.
Also so that resin is uniformly distributed around anchor pole and anchor cable, achieve and be less frequently utilized resin while obtaining maximum
The effect of pulling capacity.
Supervised by the monitoring of back surface displacement, roof delamination monitoring, rockbolt stress status monitoring, rockbolt installation stress
The ore pressure monitor measures such as survey, have grasped the stress and deformation rule of roof, have ensured roof timbering safety.
Brief description of the drawings
The flow chart for the method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of anchor cable.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings come further illustrate the present invention embodiment.Wherein identical parts identical
Reference is represented.It should be noted that the word "front", "rear", "left", "right", the "up" and "down" that are used below in description
The direction in accompanying drawing is referred to, word " interior " and " outer " are referred respectively to towards or away from the direction of particular elements geometric center.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel that one embodiment of the invention is provided, including following step
Suddenly：
S001：Thin bedrock region is determined by physical prospecting mode, and analyzes thin bedrock Outline of regional geological setting.
Specially：Find out that thin bedrock regional extent and thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer are distributed using physical prospecting means in coal mine
Region, counts development area, the distribution scale of colliery thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer, whether analysis thin bedrock is to a certain region colliery lane
Road driving roof safety produces influence.
Colliery thin bedrock regional coal-seam preservation geologic aspects is analyzed, the main analysis content has false roof, directly top, old top, coal
The geological condition analysis such as the lithosphere on thickness degree and basement rock.Analysis it is clear thin bedrock develop regional top plate lithology and
Lithostratigraphy geological conditions on rock degree of strength, analysis basement rock.
False roof is generally mud stone, charcoal mudrock, it is seen that a large amount of plant fragments；Directly top is generally siltstone, fine sandstone；
Old top is generally fine sandstone, packsand, subregion weathering, or pushes up rock physicses intensity decreases after completely decomposed, weathering always.
S002：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that carrying out supporting to the top plate in the tunnel in thin bedrock region
The parameter of anchor pole；Anchor pole is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into thin bedrock region.
Colliery thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer roof timbering system design and supporting parameter setting must be according to mine thin bedrock areas
The actual geological conditions in domain and mining methods and determine.General, thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer roadway supporting system and parameter need basis
Following aspect is designed, and main contents have：Anchor pole type, rock-bolt length, rockbolt installation stress (prestressing force), anchor pole carrying
Power, auxiliary shoring and granule surface contral.
Specifically, each supporting ginseng in colliery thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer roof timbering system design and supporting parameter setting procedure
Number design can be determined according to following content：
(1) rock-bolt length is chosen
Rock-bolt length is chosen and need to analyzed according to thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer country rock loose crushing circle, at least to ensure in construction
In more than 400mm anchor rod anchored rock stable on top plate.
(2) rockbolt installation stress is set
Due to coal mine roof plate be by different stratiform rock associations into layered combinations thereof beam, in order that combination beam reaches that its is optimal
Intensity, rockbolt installation stress setting should meet following requirement：
Mount stress is adjusted, Bolt System is controlled the roof delamination in the range of anchoring.
Rockbolt installation stress should be able to reduce or eliminate the Tension Stress Zone of thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer top plate.
Anchor pole should be able to be anchored in stable rock stratum.
Rockbolt installation stress interior during whole thin bedrock heading roof timbering should not fail.
S003：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that carrying out supporting to the top plate in the tunnel in thin bedrock region
Anchor cable is squeezed into the parameter of anchor cable, the top plate in the tunnel into thin bedrock region.
In order to ensure that anchor cable can be anchored in the rock stratum of stability of cavern roof, anchor cable minimum effective length can be according to " anchor rod anchored
Length+immediate roof thickness+anchor cable protruded length " is designed.
In order to strengthen the effect of Roadway Roof beam in the installation process of anchor cable, anchor cable and anchor pole is set to concur branch
Protect top plate.According to parameter setting principle, the installed load of anchor cable is designed as 8~10t, using " three flowers " arrangement, that is to say use
One two one mode is arranged.
S004：Steel band and wire netting are arranged on the both sides lane side in the tunnel in thin bedrock region.
Because the tunnel in thin-base-rock shallow coal-layer region is tunneled in coal seam, because being influenceed by goaf, coal body is strong
Degree step-down, tunnel are subjected to the influence of stope advanced support pressure, need to be in tunnel surface reasonable Arrangement steel band and wire netting
Coordinate Bolt System.In addition, wire netting can prevent rock and roof fallen and control two from helping deformation.
S005：Situation to tunnel keeps real-time monitoring.
Using to tunnel carry out ore pressure monitor, in real time monitoring tunnel ore deposit pressure, ore pressure monitor to grasp roof deformation intensity,
Played an important role in terms of state, understanding roof deformation rule, the supporting state of comprehensive monitoring thin bedrock section tunnelling anchor pole.
Also pass through the monitoring of rock mass surface displacement, roof delamination monitoring, rockbolt stress status monitoring, rockbolt installation stress monitoring
Multinomial monitoring is carried out with anchor-holding force of anchor bolt monitoring etc., security is improved.
It is preferred that also comprising the following steps in step S002：
Armature boring is beaten into top plate, filled with the liquid resin stirred in armature boring, is squeezed into by anchor pole
When in armature boring, anchor pole is rotated while making anchor pole be moved to armature boring depths, and cause anchor pole to be in armature boring
Surface on be all stained with liquid resin.
After liquid resin solidification, the resin after solidification is sticked between anchor pole and the hole wall of armature boring, improves anchor pole
Anchoring degree.
Resin can be any resin with bonding force, play a part of the hole wall of Grouted bolt and armature boring.
One or more damping nuts are also configured with anchor pole, the anchoring degree of anchor pole is further improved.
It is preferred that also comprising the following steps in step S003：
Anchor cable drilling is played into top plate, filled with the liquid resin stirred in anchor cable drills, is squeezed into by anchor cable
When in anchor cable drilling, anchor cable is rotated while making anchor cable to anchor cable drilling depths movement, and cause anchor cable to be drilled in anchor cable
Surface on be all stained with liquid resin；
After liquid resin solidification, the resin after solidification is sticked between the hole wall of anchor cable and anchor cable drilling, improves anchor cable
Anchoring degree.
Resin can be any resin with bonding force, play a part of the hole wall of cohesive anchor cable and armature boring.
Resin during resin in armature boring drills with anchor cable can be same resin, or different trees
Fat.
It is preferred that also comprising the following steps in step S005：
Rock mass surface displacement detecting/monitoring：
Bottom plate monitoring point is set on the bottom plate in tunnel, Roof Monitor point is set on the top plate in tunnel, and bottom plate is monitored
Point is vertical with the line between Roof Monitor point；
Lane side in the both sides in tunnel sets the line and bottom between a lane side monitoring point, two lane side monitoring points respectively
Plate is parallel；
The change of top plate is determined by monitoring the change of the vertical range between bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point；
The change of lane side is determined by monitoring the change of the horizontal range between two lane side monitoring points.
If the vertical range between monitoring bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point diminishes, illustrate to crush, if
Horizontal range between two lane side monitoring points diminishes, then illustrates that at least side lane side is extruded inward deformation.
Preferably, bottom plate monitoring point, Roof Monitor point and two lane side monitoring points are in the same plane, that is to say as lane
On one section in road, the precision monitored beneficial to raising.
It is preferred that bottom plate drilling of being constructed at bottom plate monitoring point into bottom plate, one section of bottom plate spiral shell is fixed in bottom plate drilling
Line steel, the end of base thread steel stretches out in the outside of bottom plate drilling, and extends towards top plate.
Constructed at Roof Monitor point into top plate top plate drilling, one section of top plate screw-thread steel is fixed in top plate drilling, pushed up
The end of plate screw-thread steel stretches out in the outside of top plate drilling, and extends towards base thread steel.
Drilled respectively to lane side one lane side of construction of both sides at lane side monitoring point, it is fixed in the drilling of each lane side
One section of lane side screw-thread steel, the outside for all stretching out in lane side drilling of every lane side screw-thread steel, two lane side screw-thread steels are oppositely arranged.
It is arranged such, beneficial to the position for being accurately positioned measuring point.
It is preferred that bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point are located at the center of the width in tunnel, two lane side monitoring points
Respectively positioned at the center of the short transverse in tunnel, the degree of accuracy monitored beneficial to raising.
It is preferred that being provided with tunnel for monitoring vertical range and use between bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point
The distance measurement instrument of horizontal range between two lane side measuring points are monitored, convenient monitoring in real time.
If when the change for monitoring vertical range exceeds vertical range predetermined threshold value, sending warning.
If when the change for monitoring horizontal range exceeds horizontal range predetermined threshold value, sending warning.
Vertical range predetermined threshold value and horizontal range predetermined threshold value can in advance be set according to experiment or experience.
It is preferred that also comprising the following steps in step S005：
Roof delamination monitoring：
Along the bearing of trend of top plate, on top plate between be separated with and be provided with multiple pendants extended towards bottom plate, each hang
All there is scale on pendant.
Be additionally provided with the monitor of the sagging distance for monitoring pendant in tunnel, and record each pendant it is sagging away from
From.
The sagging distance of all pendants is compared respectively, when two of which or the sagging distance of more than two pendants
Between difference exceed predetermined threshold value when, send warning.
Predetermined threshold value empirically or experimentally can be set in advance.
Typically choose it is sagging be compared apart from maximum with sagging apart from minimum value, if it is sagging apart from maximum with
The difference between minimum value of hanging down has exceeded the limiting value (predetermined threshold value) of setting, then explanation crush it is obvious,
Through entering precarious position, it is necessary to which sending warning reminds related personnel's progress hedging and maintenance.
It is preferred that also comprising the following steps：Anchor pole and anchorage cable stress state monitoring：
Supporting plate pressure gauge is set respectively on anchor pole and anchor cable, and records the initial pressure value after rockbolt installation is completed；
Current pressure values on periodic observation supporting plate pressure gauge, untill the manometric stable reading of supporting plate.
By periodic observation supporting plate pressure gauge, the stress of anchor pole and anchor cable can be monitored at any time, it is determined that tunneling and returning
The degree of stability of anchor pole and anchor cable during adopting, judges the coverage and influence degree of driving and back production, further determines that anchor
The reasonability of the intensity selection of bar and anchor cable.
It is preferred that also including rockbolt installation stress monitoring：
Mount stress test table is coordinated using torque wrench, rockbolt installation work is completed according to normal rockbolt installation step
Make, then using torque wrench clamp nut, often increase 50Nm, record the reading of once mounting stress test table once, until
Untill moment of torsion reaches 400Nm.
Finally, experimental result makes mount stress with installing the relation curve of moment of torsion.
Monitored it is preferred that also including moment of torsion stress anchor-holding force of anchor bolt
The monitoring of moment of torsion stress anchor-holding force of anchor bolt is to test to complete by underground drawing.
Tested by drawing, it is determined that the complete stress-strain curve of construction anchor pole.
The purpose of drawing experiment is whether test anchor rod system meets design requirement, and it includes anchor rod body intensity, anchoring
Whether section tensile strength, resin, pallet and nut etc. match.
As shown in Fig. 2 anchor cable 1 includes anchor cable main body 11 and the rope first 12 positioned at anchor cable main body one end, set on rope first 12
It is equipped with rope head protection set 13.
Multiple protrusions 14 are positioned apart from anchor cable main body 11, the inside of protrusion 14 is hollow structure.
Protection sleeve pipe 15 is additionally provided with anchor cable main body 11, taper washer 16, taper are provided with protection sleeve pipe 15
Packing ring 16 is located on end of the protection sleeve pipe 15 away from rope first 12, from protection sleeve pipe 15 to rope on first 12 direction, tapered pad
The diameter of circle 16 is gradually reduced.
Lockset 17 is additionally provided with anchor cable main body 11, lockset 17 is locked in anchor cable main body 11, and with taper washer 16
Contact.
Rope head protection set 13 is used to prevent the broken lot in transport and installation process of rope first 12.Protection sleeve pipe 15 is steel pipe, tightly
Gu in anchor cable main body 11, play a part of protection anchor cable main body 11 and positioning taper washer 16.
Lockset 17 is locked in anchor cable main body 11, and is positioned by taper washer 16.
There are multiple protrusions 14 in anchor cable main body 11, in bird's nest shape, anchor cable is being squeezed into anchor cable drilling by inner hollow
When interior, contacted by protrusion 14 with the hole wall of surrounding, beneficial to realize anchor cable in hole to it is middle advance.
In summary, the method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel that the present invention is provided, is mainly used in in thin bedrock area
The top plate of the tunnel in domain or heading carries out supporting, using best of breed beam theory, devise the length of anchor pole and anchor cable with
And the mount stress of anchor rod system, realize the anchor rod system of best of breed beam.Also so that resin is around anchor pole and anchor cable
It is uniformly distributed, achieves and be less frequently utilized resin while the effect for obtaining draft.Supervised by back surface displacement
The ore pressure monitor measures such as survey, roof delamination monitoring, rockbolt stress status monitoring, rockbolt installation stress monitoring, have grasped coal seam top
The stress and deformation rule of plate, have ensured roof timbering safety.
As needed, above-mentioned each technical scheme can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only the principle and preferred embodiment of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this area
For art personnel, on the basis of the principle of the invention, some other modifications can also be made, the protection model of the present invention is also should be regarded as
Enclose.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S001：Thin bedrock region is determined by physical prospecting mode, and analyzes thin bedrock Outline of regional geological setting；
S002：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that carrying out the anchor pole of supporting to the top plate in the tunnel in thin bedrock region
Parameter；
Anchor pole is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into the thin bedrock region；
S003：The result analyzed according to step S001, it is determined that entering to the top plate in the tunnel in the thin bedrock region
The parameter of the anchor cable of row supporting；
Anchor cable is squeezed into the top plate in the tunnel into the thin bedrock region；
S004：Steel band and wire netting are arranged on the both sides lane side in the tunnel in the thin bedrock region；
S005：Situation to the tunnel keeps real-time monitoring.
2. the method for protecting support according to claim 1 that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that also wrapped in step S002
Include following steps：
Armature boring is beaten into the top plate, filled with the liquid resin stirred in the armature boring, by described in
When anchor pole is squeezed into the armature boring, the anchor pole is rotated while making the anchor pole be moved to the armature boring depths
It is dynamic, and all to be stained with the liquid resin on surface of the anchor pole in the armature boring；
After liquid resin solidification, the resin after solidification is sticked between the hole wall of the anchor pole and the armature boring.
3. the method for protecting support according to claim 1 that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that also wrapped in step S003
Include following steps：
Play anchor cable into the top plate to drill, filled with the liquid resin stirred in the anchor cable drills, by described in
When anchor cable is squeezed into the anchor cable drilling, the anchor cable is rotated while making the anchor cable be moved to anchor cable drilling depths
It is dynamic, and cause the anchor cable to be all stained with liquid resin on the surface that the anchor cable drills；
After liquid resin solidification, the resin after solidification is sticked between the hole wall of the anchor cable and anchor cable drilling.
4. the method for protecting support according to claim 1 that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that also wrapped in step S005
Include following steps：
Rock mass surface displacement detecting/monitoring：
Bottom plate monitoring point is set on the bottom plate in the tunnel, Roof Monitor point is set on the top plate in the tunnel, and
Line between the bottom plate monitoring point and the Roof Monitor point is vertical；
Lane side in the both sides in the tunnel sets the line between a lane side monitoring point, two lane side monitoring points respectively
It is parallel with bottom plate；
The top plate is determined by monitoring the change of the vertical range between the bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point
Change；
The change of the lane side is determined by monitoring the change of the horizontal range between two lane side monitoring points.
5. the method for protecting support according to claim 4 that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that in the bottom plate monitoring point
Place constructed into the bottom plate bottom plate drilling, the bottom plate drilling in fix one section of base thread steel, the base thread steel
End stretch out in the outside of bottom plate drilling, and towards top plate extension；
Constructed at the Roof Monitor point into the top plate top plate drilling, one section of top plate spiral shell is fixed in the top plate drilling
Line steel, the end of the top plate screw-thread steel stretches out in the outside of the top plate drilling, and extends towards the base thread steel；
Drill, drilled in each lane side to the lane side one lane side of construction of both sides respectively at the lane side monitoring point
Inside all fix one section of lane side screw-thread steel, the outside for all stretching out in the lane side drilling of every lane side screw-thread steel, two institutes
Lane side screw-thread steel is stated to be oppositely arranged.
6. the method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that
The bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point are located at the center of the width in the tunnel；
Two lane side monitoring points are located at the center of the short transverse in the tunnel respectively.
7. the method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that
Be provided with the tunnel for monitor vertical range between the bottom plate monitoring point and Roof Monitor point and
Distance measurement instrument for monitoring the horizontal range between two lane side measuring points；
When the change for monitoring vertical range exceeds vertical range predetermined threshold value, warning is sent；
When the change for monitoring horizontal range exceeds horizontal range predetermined threshold value, warning is sent.
8. the method for protecting support that supporting is carried out to tunnel according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that in step S005
Also comprise the following steps：
Roof delamination monitoring：
Along the bearing of trend of the top plate, on the top plate between be separated be provided with it is multiple towards hanging that the bottom plate extends
There is scale on pendant, each pendant；
The monitor of the sagging distance for monitoring the pendant is additionally provided with the tunnel, and records each pendant
Sagging distance；
The sagging distance of all pendants is compared respectively, it is sagging when two of which or more than two pendants
When difference between distance exceedes predetermined threshold value, warning is sent.
9. the method for protecting support according to claim 1 that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that also comprise the following steps：
Anchor pole and anchorage cable stress state monitoring：
Supporting plate pressure gauge is set respectively on the anchor pole and anchor cable, and records the initial pressure value after rockbolt installation is completed；
Current pressure values described in periodic observation on supporting plate pressure gauge.
10. the method for protecting support according to claim 1 that supporting is carried out to tunnel, it is characterised in that the anchor cable includes anchor
Rope main body and the rope head positioned at described anchor cable main body one end, are provided with rope head protection set on the rope head；
Multiple protrusions are positioned apart from the anchor cable main body, the inside of the protrusion is hollow structure；
Protection sleeve pipe is additionally provided with the anchor cable main body, taper washer, the taper are provided with the protection sleeve pipe
Packing ring is located on end of the protection sleeve pipe away from the rope head, on from the protection sleeve pipe to the direction of the rope head,
The diameter of the taper washer is gradually reduced；
Lockset is additionally provided with the anchor cable main body, the lockset is locked in the anchor cable main body, and with the tapered pad
Circle contact.
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| CN108035752A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-15 | 中国矿业大学 | Coal road based on roof stability pushes up by force wall supporting anchor rod support method |
| CN111119925A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-08 | 冯福东 | Deep roadway supporting method based on loosening ring theory |
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|---|---|
| CN107288670B (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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