CN109577149B

CN109577149B - Curb paver

Info

Publication number: CN109577149B
Application number: CN201811465421.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周峻宇
Original assignee: Chuzhou Hongtu Construction Co ltd
Current assignee: Chuzhou Hongtu Construction Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-03
Filing date: 2018-12-03
Publication date: 2021-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-03
Also published as: CN112501996A; CN109577149A; CN112501996B

Abstract

A kerbstone paver, 1) stirs and obtains the concrete, 2) pave and sprinkle a layer of single gradation rubble on the pavement of the kerbstone, the particle size range of rubble is 26.5-37.5mm, the width of the rubble spreading layer is smaller than the width of the kerbstone, the rubble spreading layer is located in the middle of bottom surface of the kerbstone, and the difference between the width of the rubble spreading layer and the width of the kerbstone is 60-200 mm; 3) adding single graded broken stone into the concrete layer while spreading concrete on the broken stone spreading layer, wherein the broken stone is accumulated in the longitudinal direction of the curb, the distance between the highest point and the top surface of the curb is 30-50mm, and the particle size range of the longitudinally accumulated broken stone is 16-37.5 mm; 4) the maximum width of the crushed stone longitudinally accumulated is not more than 2/3 of the width of the kerbstone, and the lower limit of the distance between the two ends of the crushed stone and the side surface of the kerbstone is 30 mm; 5) the longitudinally piled macadam is mixed with fresh concrete in an extruding mode. The process can effectively improve the freeze-thaw cycle resistance of the kerbstone and reduce the dosage of the cementing material.

Description

Curb paver

Technical Field

The invention relates to a kerbstone paving process and equipment for realizing the paving process.

Background

In the paving of the kerbstone, the used concrete is generally hard concrete, and in order to ensure the forming effect, the slump is controlled to be very low, the plasticity is poor, the surface cavity is large after the paving, and the internal porosity is also high. In the north, the performance of the kerbstone for resisting freeze-thaw cycles is very poor, the service life is short, frequent inspection and maintenance are needed, and the cost in the later period is very high.

However, in order to ensure that the deformation of the concrete after the mold is formed is very small, the concrete has to be applied to hard concrete, because if the slump is large, the concrete has good vibration exhaust effect and is easy to compact, but after the mold is formed, the deformation is large, and large-area cracks are easy to appear in the interior of the mold.

In order to control the porosity, the existing process is used, and an optimal value exists, for example, when concrete with 20mm slump is used, parameters such as vibration frequency, traveling speed and feeding amount can be matched to obtain an optimal value, but the upper limit of the optimal value still has poor effect of freeze-thaw cycle resistance of the prepared kerbstone. The performance change of the concrete is very obvious, particularly the working performance of fresh concrete, the fluctuation is very large, the stability of each parameter is difficult to ensure, and in order to obtain the optimal value, the control difficulty is very high, and generally, the stability can only be ensured to be within a certain average range as much as possible, and the theoretical value cannot be reached.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide equipment for paving a curb by using low-plasticity or plastic concrete.

A kerbstone paver is used for realizing the following process steps:

1) the mixture is stirred to obtain the concrete,

2) spreading a layer of single-grade broken stone on the pavement of the kerbstone, wherein the particle size range of the broken stone is 26.5-37.5 mm;

3) using a mould to mould the concrete, paving the concrete on a broken stone paving layer, simultaneously adding single graded broken stones into the concrete layer, stacking the broken stones in the longitudinal direction of the curb, wherein the distance between the highest point and the top surface of the curb is 30-50mm, and the particle size range of the longitudinally stacked broken stones is 16-37.5 mm; the maximum width of the crushed stone longitudinally accumulated is not more than 2/3 of the width of the kerbstone, and the lower limit of the distance between the two ends of the crushed stone and the side surface of the kerbstone is 30 mm; mixing the longitudinally-accumulated broken stones with fresh concrete in an extruding mode;

the paver comprises a vehicle body, wherein a mold is fixed on the vehicle body, the mold comprises a cuboid shell, a concrete discharging hopper is fixed at the upper part of the front end of the shell, and a bulk cargo device is fixed below the rear side of the discharging hopper in the shell and used for dispersing concrete;

an inserted vibrator is fixed in the shell and is positioned behind the bulk cargo device;

the forming baffle group is fixed behind the vibrator in the shell, the forming baffle group comprises an inclined pressing plate, a flat pressing plate and two side forming plates which are vertically and symmetrically arranged, the front end of the inclined pressing plate is higher than the rear end of the inclined pressing plate and is vertically and hermetically fixed with the side wall of the shell, each side forming plate comprises an arc-shaped flow guide part and a flat part, the cross section of each arc-shaped flow guide part is arc-shaped, the front edge of each arc-shaped flow guide part is fixedly connected with the side wall of the shell in a sealing mode, the top point of each arc-shaped flow guide part is hermetically connected with the bottom edge of the inclined pressing plate, each flat part is located behind the spare side of each flow guide part and is parallel to the side wall of the shell, the gap between each flat part and the side wall of the shell;

a troweling device is fixed behind the forming baffle group in the shell and used for troweling the top surface of the concrete;

the front end of the shell is fixedly provided with a gravel discharging hopper, the bottom end of the gravel discharging hopper is communicated with a gravel limiting groove, the gravel limiting groove extends from the front end to the rear end of the shell, the front end of the gravel limiting groove is fixedly provided with a limiting plate used for limiting the thickness of a gravel spreading layer, the height of the gravel limiting groove is smaller than that of the side plastic plates, the width of the gravel limiting groove is smaller than the gap between the plane parts of the two side plastic plates, the sum of the horizontal gaps between the two sides of the gravel limiting groove and the adjacent plane parts is within the range of 60-200mm, the rear end of the gravel limiting groove is positioned in the horizontal position corresponding to the arc-shaped flow guide parts of the two side plastic plates, and the side wall of the;

the shell is fixedly provided with a crushed stone blanking channel, the crushed stone blanking channel comprises a feeding hopper positioned outside the shell, the bottom end of the feeding hopper is communicated with a blanking box with a rectangular cross section, the blanking box penetrates through an inclined pressing plate and extends into a space below the inclined pressing plate, the longitudinal section of the bottom of the blanking box is in a right trapezoid shape, the length of the lower bottom is smaller than that of the upper bottom, the inclined edge of the lower bottom is positioned at the rear side, the beveled edge is a blanking inclined opening, a blanking inclined plate is fixed above the blanking inclined opening, the free end of the blanking inclined plate is inclined downwards to the front side of the blanking box, the bottom end of the blanking inclined opening is higher than the top end of the beveled edge, a guide inclined plate is fixed in the front side of the blanking inclined opening, the front end of the guide inclined plate is fixed to the front wall of the blanking box, the bottom.

Furthermore, a metal pipe is fixed on the connecting side of the die and the vehicle body, continuous graded broken stones are filled in the metal pipe, the porosity is not less than 10%, and the metal pipe is fixedly connected with the vehicle body through a metal connecting piece.

Furthermore, a pressure-bearing blanking inclined plate is fixed in the gravel blanking hopper, and the spare end of the adjacent and upper pressure-bearing blanking inclined plate is positioned above the upper plate surface of the lower pressure-bearing inclined plate and points to the upper plate surface of the lower pressure-bearing inclined plate.

The invention has the beneficial effect that the deformation of the concrete can be effectively limited by using the single graded broken stone to form the interlocking framework in the fresh concrete. Enabling the paving to use higher slump concrete. Thereby reducing the construction difficulty and improving the construction efficiency.

Meanwhile, the single graded broken stone is added in the curb, and the particle size of the broken stone is larger, so that the using amount of concrete can be effectively reduced, and the cost is reduced.

In addition, on one hand, the addition of the single graded broken stones reduces the consumption of concrete, thereby reducing the amount of voids brought by the concrete, effectively reducing the porosity of the concrete and improving the freeze-thaw cycle resistance of the concrete. On the other hand, because the interlocking framework is used, the concrete with higher slump can be utilized for construction, and because the workability of the concrete is higher, the exhaust effect after vibration is higher, the compactness is higher, the overall porosity is lower, and the capability of freeze-thaw cycle resistance can also be effectively improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a schematic view of the inner longitudinal section of the kerbstone formed by the process of the invention.

FIG. 1b is a schematic view of the inner longitudinal section of the kerbstone formed by the process of the invention.

FIG. 1c is a schematic view of the inner longitudinal section of the kerbstone formed by the process of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mold structure of the paver of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the matching structure of the stone breaking limiting groove and the concrete side molding plate.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the matching structure of the broken stone limiting groove and the concrete side plastic plate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a crushed stone blanking channel.

Fig. 6 is a view from a-a of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the crushed stone blanking channel.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a mold connection structure.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a structure with a guide shaft.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the combination of a fiberglass grid with a gravel layer.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a fiberglass grid in a permeable curb.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1a-c, a kerb paving process comprises the steps of:

1: stirring to obtain concrete;

2. spreading a layer of single graded broken stone on the pavement of the kerbstone, wherein the particle size range of the broken stone is 26.5-37.5mm, the width of the broken stone spreading layer is smaller than the width of the kerbstone, the broken stone spreading layer is positioned in the middle of the bottom surface of the kerbstone, and the difference between the width of the broken stone spreading layer and the width of the kerbstone is 60-200 mm;

3. adding single graded broken stone into the concrete layer while spreading concrete on the broken stone spreading layer, wherein the broken stone is accumulated in the longitudinal direction of the curb, the distance between the highest point and the top surface of the curb is 30-50mm, and the particle size range of the longitudinally accumulated broken stone is 16-37.5 mm;

the maximum width of the crushed stone longitudinally accumulated is not more than 2/3 of the width of the kerbstone, and the lower limit of the distance between the two ends of the crushed stone and the side surface of the kerbstone is 30 mm;

the longitudinally piled macadam is mixed with fresh concrete in an extruding mode. There are many ways of pressing, mainly referring to inserting the gravel into the concrete, or pressing the concrete from two sides of the gravel to the middle to wrap the concrete, or pressing the concrete from one side of the gravel to the opposite side to wrap the concrete. The extrusion mixing is preferably performed by means of a die, although manual operations are also possible.

The particle size range of the broken stone grading is related to national standard and industry standard, generally starting from 4.75mm, and is 4.75-9.5-16-26.5-31.5-37.5, which are intervals. Single interval rubble is referred to as single graded rubble.

When the single graded broken stones are naturally accumulated, the porosity is high, and the single graded broken stones can be quickly mixed with fresh concrete. Mix with the concrete through the mode of extrusion can not increase the porosity of concrete because the clearance between the rubble of single gradation is big, mortar in the concrete can be effectual fills these clearances.

The gravel size of the gravel paving is in the range of 26.5-37.5, which includes two size fractions, the two largest. The broken stones are directly contacted with the ground, naturally spread, and the concrete is pressed downwards from the top, so that the concrete comprises the broken stones. The longitudinally-accumulated broken stones are arranged above the paved broken stones and form an internal interlocking framework of the kerb with the paved broken stones. Fresh concrete, especially low-plasticity concrete (slump 50-90mm), even plastic concrete (100-. Without the interlocking framework, the mortar in the concrete would drive the coarse aggregate to flow together, resulting in deformation. But due to the interlocking of the framework, the crushed stone and the concrete are adhered together through intermolecular force and water tension, so that the fresh concrete can be effectively prevented from flowing downwards, and the formed shape of the fresh concrete is kept. Of course, the greater the concrete fluidity, the greater the piling width of the crushed stones piled longitudinally to ensure the stable appearance of the formed curb.

Therefore, the deformation of the concrete can be effectively limited by forming the interlocking frame in the fresh concrete by using the single graded crushed stone. Enabling the paving to use higher slump concrete. Thereby reducing the construction difficulty and improving the construction efficiency.

The longitudinal section of the interlocking framework has various choices, namely an inverted T shape and a triangular shape (figure 1c), wherein the inverted T shape comprises two types, one type is that the longitudinal section of the longitudinally piled rubble is linear (figure 1a), the longitudinal section of the other type is rectangular (figure 1b), and the difference is that the quantity of rubbles in the horizontal direction of the longitudinally piled rubble is different, the linear shape is one rubble, and the rectangular shape is a plurality of rubbles.

The same C30 concrete is utilized, the slump is 80mm, the control group is directly formed by the existing process, the inverted T-shaped interlocking framework is added into the curb in the experimental group, the forming appearance is not obviously different, and after 28 days of forming, a compression test and a freeze-thaw cycle test for 50 times are carried out. The compressive strength results showed that the strength of the control group was 31.8MPa and that of the test group was 37.5 MPa. After 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the intensity of the control group decayed 31.32%, and the intensity of the experimental group decayed only 11.22%. Therefore, the effect of freeze-thaw cycle resistance is very obvious.

Paving permeable kerbs:

besides paving common kerbs, the kerbs invisibly play a role in blocking rainwater from flowing to green belts or roadside slopes in consideration of frequent water accumulation of roads in urban heavy rain weather. Therefore, the broken stone spreading layer is paved into a permeable concrete layer, and only one layer of broken stones is arranged on the broken stone spreading layer. In consideration of the strength and the porosity of the gravel spreading layer, a layer of glass fiber grating is laid on the gravel spreading layer, on one hand, the glass fiber grating can effectively limit the movement of the gravel in the gravel spreading layer, the upper part of the glass fiber grating is guaranteed to be in close contact with the concrete, and the condensation strength is guaranteed, on the other hand, the glass fiber grating can limit the mortar in the concrete to flow into the middle lower part of the gravel spreading layer, and therefore the water permeation effect of the gravel spreading layer is guaranteed. As shown in fig. 10-11.

In order to ensure the effect, the mesh aperture of the glass fiber grating is 1.5-2 times of the particle size of the crushed stone, and the width of the glass fiber grating is slightly smaller than that of a spreading layer of the crushed stone. The difference between the width of the glass fiber grating and the width of the broken stone spreading layer is within the range of 5-10 mm. The reason that the aperture diameter is larger than the particle diameter of the crushed stones is to enable more parts of the crushed stones to be sleeved at the middle upper parts of the crushed stones so as to limit the crushed stones together. Meanwhile, the large aperture can ensure that the top surface of the broken stone spreading layer is fully contacted with concrete, and the strength is ensured.

Certainly, in order to ensure the strength and durability of the kerbstone, rice hull ash or silica fume slurry is sprayed on the upper surface of the gravel spreading layer, the water-ash ratio is 0.46-0.63, the slurry has certain viscosity and simultaneously has larger fluidity, most of the slurry is adhered to the upper surface of the gravel spreading layer to form a thin layer, on one hand, the amount of the cementing material is increased, and on the other hand, enough water for hydration is provided. The concrete paving layer is contacted with concrete, so that the bonding strength between the gravel paving layer and the concrete can be effectively improved.

Although the effective components in the rice hull ash and the silica fume can be hydrated by themselves, the effective components flowing to the middle lower part of the gravel spreading layer lack the support of continuously graded sand on one hand, and the hydration speed of the effective components is slow on the other hand, so the effective components are easy to run off, and the later-stage water permeation effect is not influenced basically.

Paving the environment-friendly kerbstone:

common construction waste, such as broken bricks and broken concrete, can be used as longitudinally piled broken stones. The construction waste is wrapped in the kerbstone to play a role in treating the waste. Of course, in order to secure strength, the construction waste is sprayed on the surface thereof, or the construction waste is entirely immersed in the rice hull ash slurry and then used as longitudinally piled crushed stones for the paving of the kerbstone. The water-ash ratio of the rice hull ash slurry is between 0.5 and 0.8.

Structural design of the paver:

the paver takes the advancing direction of the mould as the front, takes the longitudinal upper part of the mould as the upper part, and correspondingly takes the longitudinal upper part as the rear part and the lower part.

As shown in fig. 2-8, a paver for implementing the paving process comprises a vehicle body, wherein a mold 10 is fixed on the vehicle body, and is characterized in that the mold 10 comprises a rectangular shell, a concrete discharge hopper 20 is fixed on the upper part of the front end of the shell, and a bulk material device 21 is fixed below the rear side of the discharge hopper 20 in the shell and used for dispersing concrete;

the material dispersing device 21 is generally a structure for uniformly distributing concrete on a rotating shaft, such as a roller with protrusions, a plurality of discs with protrusions, or a spiral deflector.

An inserted vibrator 30 is also fixed in the shell, and the vibrator 30 is positioned behind the material dispersing device 21;

in the shell, a forming baffle group 40 is fixed behind the vibrator 30, the forming baffle group 40 comprises an inclined pressing plate 41, a flat pressing plate 42 and two side molding plates 43 which are vertically and symmetrically arranged, the front end of the inclined pressing plate 41 is higher than the rear end and is vertically and hermetically fixed with the side wall of the shell, each side molding plate 43 comprises an arc-shaped flow guide part and a plane part, the cross section of each arc-shaped flow guide part is arc-shaped, the front edge of each arc-shaped flow guide part is hermetically and fixedly connected with the side wall of the shell, the vertex of each arc-shaped flow guide part is contacted with the bottom edge of the inclined pressing plate 41, the plane part is positioned behind the vacant side of each flow guide part and is parallel to the side wall of the shell, the gap between each plane part and the side wall of the shell is not less than 30mm, the;

a troweling device 50 is fixed in the shell behind the forming baffle group 40 and used for troweling the top surface of concrete;

a broken stone discharging hopper 60 is fixed at the front end of the shell, the bottom end of the broken stone discharging hopper 60 is communicated with a broken stone limiting groove 63, the broken stone limiting groove 63 extends from the front end to the rear end of the shell, a limiting plate 62 is fixed at the front end of the broken stone limiting groove 63 and is used for limiting the thickness of a broken stone spreading layer, the height of the broken stone limiting groove 63 is smaller than that of the side plastic plates 43, the width of the broken stone limiting groove is smaller than the gap between the plane parts of the two side plastic plates 43, the sum of the horizontal gaps between the two sides of the broken stone limiting groove and the plane parts is in the range of 60-200mm, the rear end of the broken stone limiting groove 63 is positioned in the horizontal position corresponding to the arc-shaped flow guide parts of the two side;

the broken stone enters a broken stone limiting groove 63 through a broken stone discharging hopper 60, and a broken stone spreading layer is scraped in the broken stone limiting groove 63 through a limiting plate 62, and generally only one layer of broken stone is paved. Because the width of the broken stone limit groove 63 is smaller than the gap between the plane parts of the side plastic molding plates 43, the concrete can be completely wrapped by broken stone spreading layers.

A crushed stone blanking channel 70 is fixed on the shell, the crushed stone blanking channel 70 comprises a feeding hopper positioned outside the shell, the bottom end of the feeding hopper is communicated with a blanking box with a rectangular cross section, the blanking box penetrates through the inclined pressing plate 41 and extends into a space below the inclined pressing plate 41, the longitudinal section of the bottom of the blanking box is in a right trapezoid shape, the length of the lower bottom is smaller than that of the upper bottom, the inclined edge of the blanking box is positioned at the rear side, a blanking inclined opening 73 is formed in the inclined edge, a blanking inclined plate 71 is fixed above the blanking inclined opening, the free end of the blanking inclined plate 71 is obliquely and downwards directed to the front of the blanking box, the bottom end of the blanking inclined opening is higher than the top end of the inclined edge, a guide inclined plate 72 is fixed in front of the blanking inclined opening, the front end of the guide inclined plate 72 is fixed with the front wall of the blanking box, the;

because the export of rubble points to and is the slope decurrent, the top can be stayed naturally under the action of gravity, and the bottom also can flow out naturally under the effect of direction swash plate, does not need external force to push out the rubble. And the crushed stones can enter the concrete in a state of being locked up and down in a natural stacking state. The function of the blanking inclined plate 71 is to reduce the pressure of the crushed stones on the upper part to the crushed stones on the bottom part, so that the crushed stones at the blanking inclined opening basically point to the outside of the blanking inclined opening, thereby being beneficial to discharging the crushed stones and avoiding the crushed stones from being extruded in the blanking box and being incapable of being discharged.

The mould advances forward along with the automobile body, and the concrete is through the vibration of vibrator 30, and a large amount of gas of discharge is closely knit gradually, and inclined pressing plate 41 pushes down the concrete gradually, and the rubble gets into the concrete from the unloading bevel connection 73 of rubble unloading passageway 70, and the arc water conservancy diversion portion of side plastic plate 43 applys the inside power of horizontal directional concrete to the concrete, so realizes the purpose with concrete and rubble extrusion mixture.

Because the vibrator usually vibrates at high frequency, the vibration can be conducted to the automobile body through the rigid connection mechanism of the mould and the automobile body, so that some parts, especially fasteners are loosened, and the automobile is easy to break down. Therefore, the metal pipe 11 is fixed on the side where the mold 10 is connected with the vehicle body, the metal pipe 11 is filled with continuous graded broken stones, the porosity is not less than 10%, and the metal pipe 11 is fixedly connected with the vehicle body through a metal connecting piece.

Because the metal pipe 11 is filled with the broken stones, the porosity of the broken stones is high, the metal pipe transmits the vibration to the broken stones, and the broken stones vibrate in the metal pipe, so that the vibration amplitude and frequency are greatly reduced, and the risk of loosening of the fastening piece is reduced.

In order to avoid the accumulation of crushed stones, the crushed stone discharging hopper 60 fixes the pressure-bearing discharging inclined plate 61 inside, and the vacant end of the adjacent upper pressure-bearing discharging inclined plate 61 is positioned above the upper plate surface of the lower pressure-bearing inclined plate 61 and points to the upper plate surface of the lower pressure-bearing inclined plate 61.

Permeable curb paver:

in order to realize paving of the permeable kerbstone, the die is different in the structure of the limiting groove: a gravel discharging hopper 60 is fixed at the front end of the shell, the bottom end of the gravel discharging hopper 60 is communicated with a gravel limiting groove 63, the gravel limiting groove 63 extends from the front end to the rear end of the shell, a limiting plate 62 is fixed at the front end of the gravel limiting groove 63 and is used for limiting the thickness of a gravel spreading layer,

the height of the broken stone limiting groove 63 is smaller than that of the side plastic-shaped plates 43, the width of the broken stone limiting groove is not smaller than the gap between the plane parts of the two side plastic-shaped plates 43, the height is 1.5-1.8 times of the particle size of the broken stone, the rear end of the broken stone limiting groove 63 is positioned in the horizontal position corresponding to the arc-shaped flow guide parts of the two side plastic-shaped plates 43, and the side wall of the broken stone limiting groove 63 is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the shell and the arc-shaped flow guide parts through; the longitudinal position of the bottom end of the vibrator is higher than the longitudinal position of the top end of the broken stone limiting groove; a glass fiber grating guide shaft 66 is fixed above the front end of the broken stone limiting groove, and the glass fiber grating is guided and laid on a broken stone spreading layer by the guide shaft 66; certainly, in order to facilitate unreeling, a vertical groove for the glass fiber grating to pass through is fixedly arranged on one side of the gravel discharging hopper 60 close to the shell, a reel is fixed and unreeled outside the shell, and the glass fiber grating is paved on a gravel paving layer by bypassing the guide shaft 66 through the vertical groove (as shown in fig. 9). In order to ensure the water permeable effect, the longitudinal position of the bottom end of the vibrator is higher than the longitudinal position of the top end of the broken stone limiting groove

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kerb paver for carrying out the following process steps:

1) the mixture is stirred to obtain the concrete,

the kerbstone paver comprises a vehicle body, a mould is fixed on the vehicle body,

the concrete dispersing mould is characterized by comprising a cuboid shell, wherein a concrete discharging hopper is fixed at the upper part of the front end of the shell, and a bulk cargo device is fixed below the rear side of the discharging hopper in the shell and used for dispersing concrete;

2. The curb paver of claim 1 wherein the side of the mold that is connected to the vehicle body is fixed with a metal tube filled with continuous graded crushed stone, the porosity is not less than 10%, and the metal tube is fixedly connected to the vehicle body through a metal connecting piece.

3. The curb paver of claim 1 wherein the pressure-bearing blanking swash plate is fixed inside the gravel blanking hopper, and the free end of the adjacent and upper pressure-bearing blanking swash plate is located above the upper plate surface of the lower pressure-bearing swash plate and points to the upper plate surface of the lower pressure-bearing swash plate.