CN109576009A - A kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109576009A
CN109576009A CN201811412730.7A CN201811412730A CN109576009A CN 109576009 A CN109576009 A CN 109576009A CN 201811412730 A CN201811412730 A CN 201811412730A CN 109576009 A CN109576009 A CN 109576009A
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chain fatty
diesel fuel
alcohol ethers
long
fuel
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苑瀚文
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C10L1/1905—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C10L1/1915—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters complex esters (at least 3 ester bonds)

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel and preparation method thereof, in the diesel oil containing fuel such as water, methanol, dimethyl ether, by the way that long-chain fatty alcohol is added, long chain fatty acids ester admixture carries out hydrotropy, lubrication, without carrying out purification process to the alcohol ethers class A fuel A such as methanol, it can be obtained stability height, lubricity is good, improves diesel oil service performance, reduce the novel environment friendly fuel of tail gas charcoal discharge amount, application value with higher.

Description

A kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle fuel technical fields, and in particular to a kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel and its preparation Method.
Background technique
Alcohol-ether fuel mainly includes methanol, dimethyl ether, is to be considered highly important substitute energy source for petroleum now, is also claimed For coal-based alcohol ether fuel, the low-carbon oxygen-containing fuel mainly synthesized by coal by gasification, as widest automobile-used substitution vapour The fuel of oil, diesel oil, not only increases comprehensive resource utilization rate, and be of great significance to reducing environmental pollution, meanwhile, by The alcohol-ether fuel of coal conversion extremely meets the developing direction of coal conversion, coal gasification, has good economy.Currently, having had Much the research that alcohol-ether fuel and gasoline, diesel oil are mixed with new fuel is reported.
Alcohol ether diesel oil for vehicles is formed in volume or weight than a certain proportion of alcohol ethers fuel formulations are added in diesel oil A kind of environment friendly energy conservation fuel, however, during alcohol ether and diesel oil mix, it usually needs addition composite auxiliary solvent helps Stable homogeneous system is formed, since alcohol ethers and diesel oil itself physicochemical property difference are larger, selects suitable cosolvent very Key, studies have reported that adjusting the flash-point of alcohol ethers by water phase.But in the alcohol ethers diesel fuel for being added to water phase, according to So there is a problem of stability difference, in order to improve its compatibility, also has been reported that addition includes acidic materials or the lipids such as oleic acid The cosolvent of matter (such as ethyl acetate etc.) carries out hydrotropy, but unsatisfactory to the improvement of product stability.
And find in actual production, the substances such as methanol mixed with diesel oil can be emulsified when meeting water, it is general and Speech, the full combustion of diesel oil can be promoted by forming Diesel Oil-methanol ternary emulsifying system, save petroleum resources, but its stability It is not easy to control, so that oil plant is become muddy, whiten, or even generate floating material or flocculate, influences hybrid fuel appearance character, seriously Ground even has an adverse effect to combustion chamber, pipeline, and some reasons are since impurity content is higher in the industrial production for methanol Caused by, in general, the above problem can be improved by carrying out purifying upgrading processing to methanol, but production cost is improved simultaneously.Another party Face, the alcohols materials such as methanol itself have stronger hydrophily, but its absorption moisture is more, poorer with the intersolubility of diesel oil, sternly Important place can lead to oil layer, stability is poor.
China's Sulfur Content in Petroleum Products is higher at present, has aggravated the pollution level of automotive emission, has contained compared to gasoline There is more impurity, it is easier to pollute environment, therefore deep desulfuration processing is carried out to diesel oil, it is miscellaneous that part is also removed while desulfurization Matter.However, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon nitrogenous compound, the sulphur-containing substance etc. in diesel oil have certain influence to the lubricity of diesel oil, these After devolatilization, diesel fuel lubricity is deteriorated, and causes motor car engine serious wear.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel, contain water, first described In the diesel oil of the fuel such as alcohol, dimethyl ether, by the way that long-chain fatty alcohol is added, long chain fatty acids ester admixture carries out hydrotropy, lubrication, nothing Purification process need to be carried out to the alcohol ethers class A fuel A such as methanol, can be obtained stability height, lubricity is good, diesel oil service performance is improved, Reduce the novel environment friendly fuel of tail gas charcoal discharge amount, application value with higher.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel, and in parts by weight, the fuel includes:
Preferably, in parts by weight, the aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel includes:
Wherein, the auxiliary agent is the mixture of long-chain fatty alcohol and long-chain fatty acid ester, in aqueous alcohol ether of the invention Hydrotropy, wear-resisting, synergism characteristic are played in class diesel fuel, contributes to form stable solution, increase the fuel to the packet of water Capacitive makes the additive amount of water reach nearly 20%, while enhancing the lubricity of fuel, reduces the abrasion to engine.
Preferably, the long-chain fatty alcohol is the chain fatty alcohol with 6-18 carbon atom, such as Lauryl Alcohol, 14 Carbon alcohol, the pure and mild octadecanol of 16 carbon；The long-chain fatty acid ester is to be formed by the fatty acid with 6-18 carbon atom with alcohol Monoesters or polyester, such as glycerol stearate monoesters, palmitinic acid fourth diester, Glyceryl Monolaurate, myristic acid glycerol list Ester, Trivent OCG etc..Inventor has found that the mixability of the auxiliary agent is more complicated, to shape by orthonormal design of experiments Higher at the effect of stablizing solution, that is, the ingredient mixed is more, and fuel is more stable, and as contained acids object in the auxiliary agent Matter can destroy the stability of fuel, may be since acid and the Cucumber in diesel oil, methanol fuel, dimethyl ether fuel (can Can be alkaline matter) it is reacted.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the long-chain fatty alcohol and long-chain fatty acid ester is 1:1-3.
Diesel oil used in the present invention is preferably national standard diesel oil, such as No. 5 derv fuels, No. 0 derv fuel ,-No. 10 vehicles With diesel oil, in the case where the improvement of auxiliary agent helps, the addition of water, alcohol ether class A fuel A will not significantly improve the condensation point of diesel oil, especially solidifying The higher diesel product of point.
Methanol used in the present invention is industrial methanol, can be manufactured by methods known in the art, such as can be by The preparation such as natural gas, coal bed gas, oven gas, and denatured alcohol auxiliary agent can be wherein added, the industrial methanol needs not move through spy Different purification process, but the content of methanol need to be in 75% or more, preferably 80-85%.Similarly, dimethyl ether used in the present invention The industrial dimethyl ether that can be manufactured by methods known in the art, wherein the purity of dimethyl ether is 70% or more.
Without limitation, it can also be added and other commonly add in aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel of the invention in fuel Add agent, such as ignition improver, antidetonation catalyst, rubber accelerator, antioxidant etc., condition is not influence the burning spy of fuel Property.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel, the method includes Auxiliary agent is heated to 40-50 DEG C, is passed through in the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with diesel oil, is added methanol, dimethyl ether, water, be sufficiently stirred It is uniformly mixed, stands and obtain stable liquid, as aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
Technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
In the diesel oil containing fuel such as water, methanol, dimethyl ether, by the way that long-chain fatty alcohol, long chain fatty acids is added Ester admixture carries out hydrotropy, lubrication, without carrying out purification process to the alcohol ethers class A fuel A such as methanol, can be obtained stability height, profit The good novel environment friendly fuel of slip improves water content, increases hybrid fuel in transport, cargo handling process to the containment of water.Together When, added long-chain fatty alcohol, long chain fatty acids ester admixture auxiliary agent have the function of hydrotropy, lubrication, improve the resistance to of diesel oil Mill property reduces the abrasion to engine, to attributes such as condensation point, the flash-points of fuel without damaging influence.And compared to common bavin For oil, due to being mixed into the water and alcohol ether class A fuel A of nearly half weight, diesel oil service performance is improved, the discharge of tail gas charcoal is reduced Amount, and character is stablized, application value with higher.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further explained combined with specific embodiments below, but it should be recognized that following embodiment is only It is exemplary illustration, does not represent limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1.5kg Lauryl Alcohol, 16 carbon alcohol of 1.2kg, 1.2kg octadecanol, ten four carbon alcohols of 1.1kg, 2kg stearic acid is sweet Oily monoesters, 2.5kg palmitinic acid fourth diester, 3.5kg Trivent OCG, 2kg myristic acid monoglyceride mix in mixing tank, It is heated to 50 DEG C to be pumped into the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with 0.5 ton of No. 5 diesel oil, 180kg industrial methanol, 130kg work is pumped under stirring Industry dimethyl ether and 130kg water are thoroughly mixed uniformly, stand and obtain aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
Embodiment 2
By 5kg octadecanol, 4kg glycerol stearate monoesters, 4kg Glyceryl Monolaurate, 2kg myristic acid monoglyceride It is mixed in mixing tank, is heated to 45 DEG C and is pumped into the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with 0.6 ton of No. 0 diesel oil, 150kg work is pumped under stirring Industry methanol, 120kg industry dimethyl ether and 150kg water are thoroughly mixed uniformly, stand and obtain aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
Embodiment 3
By 3kg Lauryl Alcohol, ten four carbon alcohols of 1kg, 16 carbon alcohol of 1kg, 5kg Trivent OCG, 8kg palmitinic acid fourth two Ester, 2kg myristic acid monoglyceride mix in mixing tank, are heated to 48 DEG C and are pumped into the room temperature equipped with 0.45 ton of-No. 10 diesel oil In agitator tank, it is pumped into 200kg industrial methanol, 120kg industry dimethyl ether and 120kg water under stirring, is thoroughly mixed uniformly, it is quiet It sets and obtains aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
Embodiment 4
16 carbon alcohol of 2kg, 3kg octadecanol, 2kg glycerol stearate monoesters, 2kg palmitinic acid fourth diester, 1kg octanoic acid is sweet Oily three esters mix in mixing tank, are heated to 50 DEG C and are pumped into the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with 0.5 ton of No. 0 diesel oil, are pumped under stirring 160kg industrial methanol, 140kg industry dimethyl ether and 120kg water are thoroughly mixed uniformly, stand and obtain aqueous alcohol ethers bavin Oil fuel.
Comparative example 1
50g oleic acid, 50g glycerol stearate monoesters are mixed in mixing tank, 50 DEG C is heated to and is pumped into equipped with No. 0 bavin of 5kg In the stirring at normal temperature tank of oil, it is pumped into 1.80kg industrial methanol, 1.30kg industry dimethyl ether and 1.30kg water under stirring, is sufficiently stirred It is uniformly mixed, stands and obtain aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
Comparative example 2
100g ethyl acetate is pumped into the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with No. 0 diesel oil of 5kg, 1.80kg industry is pumped under stirring Methanol, 1.30kg industry dimethyl ether and 1.30kg water are thoroughly mixed uniformly, stand and obtain aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
Comparative example 3
16 carbon alcohol of 20g, 30g octadecanol, 20g glycerol stearate monoesters, 20g palmitinic acid fourth diester, 10g octanoic acid is sweet Oily three esters mix in mixing tank, are heated to 50 DEG C and are pumped into the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with No. 0 diesel oil of 5kg, are pumped under stirring 1.80kg industrial methanol, 1.30kg industry dimethyl ether and 2.20kg water are thoroughly mixed uniformly, stand and obtain aqueous alcohol ethers Diesel fuel.
Stability observing test
The embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel prepared is respectively sampled into 10mL, is fitted into test tube and puts It sets under the conditions of normal temperature and pressure opening:
It places about 3 days, the sample of comparative example 1 starts muddiness occur, and other samples keep clear and transparent, quality is uniform；
It places about 2 weeks, the sample observation of comparative example 1 to flocculate, the sample observation of comparative example 3 is other to lighter Sample keeps clear and transparent, quality is uniform；
It places about 1 month, the sample flocculate of comparative example 1 increases, and accounts for total volume about 1/5th, the sample of comparative example 2 Observe lighter；The sample of comparative example 3 is divided into two layers, and other samples keep colors constant, clear and transparent, quality is uniform；
It places about 3 months, the sample appearance shape of embodiment 1-4 is almost unchanged.
Fuel performance test
The embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel prepared is tested for the property, as a result such as following table 1 and table 2 shown in:
Table 1
Project Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 Test method
Condensation point/DEG C 5 -1 -10 0 GB/T510
Flash-point (silent)/DEG C 62 60 63 61 GB/T261
Lubricity 440 448 452 455 SH/T0765
Cetane number 63 62 58 61 GB/T386
Table 2
Project Comparative example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Test method
Condensation point/DEG C 0 0 2 GB/T510
Flash-point (silent)/DEG C 60 60 61 GB/T261
Lubricity 463 460 477 SH/T0765
Cetane number 53 49 42 GB/T386
Above only describes better embodiments of the invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiments.This field skill Art personnel should all fall into the present invention it is understood that can be realized any same or similar means of the technology of the present invention effect Protection scope in.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel, in parts by weight, the fuel includes:
Wherein, the auxiliary agent is the mixture of long-chain fatty alcohol and long-chain fatty acid ester.
2. aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel according to claim 1, wherein in parts by weight, the fuel includes:
3. aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the long-chain fatty alcohol is with 6-18 The chain fatty alcohol of a carbon atom.
4. aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel according to claim 3, wherein the long-chain fatty alcohol is Lauryl Alcohol, ten Four carbon alcohols, 16 carbon alcohol, octadecanol or their any mixture.
5. aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel according to claim 3, wherein the long-chain fatty acid ester is by with 6-18 The monoesters or polyester that the fatty acid and alcohol of a carbon atom are formed.
6. aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel according to claim 5, wherein the long-chain fatty acid ester is glycerol stearate Monoesters, palmitinic acid fourth diester, Glyceryl Monolaurate, myristic acid monoglyceride, Trivent OCG or any of theirs mix Close object.
7. aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel according to claim 3, wherein the long-chain fatty alcohol and long-chain fatty acid ester Weight ratio be 1:1-3.
8. the preparation method of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel of any of claims 1-7, the method includes helping Agent is heated to 40-50 DEG C, is passed through in the stirring at normal temperature tank equipped with diesel oil, adds methanol, dimethyl ether, water, be thoroughly mixed Uniformly, it stands and obtains stable liquid, as aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel.
CN201811412730.7A 2018-11-26 2018-11-26 A kind of aqueous alcohol ethers diesel fuel and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN109576009A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1147830A (en) * 1994-04-04 1997-04-16 鲁道夫W·冈纳曼 Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of preparing same
CN101538490A (en) * 2009-04-30 2009-09-23 合肥工业大学 Micro-emulsified biomass fuel and preparation method thereof
CN107099345A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-08-29 兰州燚能生物科技有限责任公司 Biological alcohol-based fuel oil hydrotropy solubilizer
CN108546575A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-18 杨勇 Biological alcohol-based fuel oil hydrotropy solubilizer

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1147830A (en) * 1994-04-04 1997-04-16 鲁道夫W·冈纳曼 Aqueous fuel for internal combustion engine and method of preparing same
CN101538490A (en) * 2009-04-30 2009-09-23 合肥工业大学 Micro-emulsified biomass fuel and preparation method thereof
CN107099345A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-08-29 兰州燚能生物科技有限责任公司 Biological alcohol-based fuel oil hydrotropy solubilizer
CN108546575A (en) * 2018-05-15 2018-09-18 杨勇 Biological alcohol-based fuel oil hydrotropy solubilizer

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