CN109567805A - High-performance pulmonary function detection system and method based on thorax impedance measurement - Google Patents
High-performance pulmonary function detection system and method based on thorax impedance measurement Download PDFInfo
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0809—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs by impedance pneumography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/085—Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high-performance pulmonary function detection system and methods based on thorax impedance measurement, detection system includes microcontroller, host computer, exciting circuit, signal condition and data acquisition circuit, buffer electrode unit and electrode special array, exciting circuit generates exciting current under the control of microcontroller, exciting current is converted by differential voltage signal and is obtained, and acts on electrode special array by buffer electrode unit；Signal condition and data acquisition circuit acquire exciting current signal by buffer electrode unit and respond voltage signal；Microcontroller demodulates exciting current signal and response voltage signal, calculates the amplitude and phase for obtaining thoracic impedance, is uploaded to host computer；Host computer obtains the Pulmonary Evaluation result of measurand according to the amplitude and phase of thoracic impedance.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as that easy implementation, system cost is low, detection sensitivity is high, measurement is quick and convenient, and the detection that can effectively improve doctor and patient is experienced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to clinical pulmonary function test technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of high-performance based on thorax impedance measurement
Pulmonary function detection system and method.
Background technique
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a kind of chronic disease being widely present and the death rate is high.Early discovery, early treatment are for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It controls extremely important.It is clinically the goldstandard of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosis using the pulmonary function test that air-flowing type lung function instrument carries out.Inspection
During survey, subject with most fast respiration rate and maximum breathing amplitude continues repeated breathing 12 after needing normal respiration 4-5 times
Second or 15 seconds, it is desirable that respiration rate reaches 10-15 times, and rest repeats primary after ten minutes.Checking process can be to chronic resistance
The patient of the respiratory systems common diseases such as plug property lung disease, bronchitis and pneumonia causes great body burden.Checking process
It needs half an hour even more long, needs that doctor and patient's is good fit, enforcement difficulty is big.
Medicine electrical impedance technology applies faint excitation electricity to measurand by being attached to the sensitive electrode on measurand surface
Signal, acquisition response voltage signal are flowed, transfger impedance information is measured.The technology has non-intruding, radiationless, inexpensive, speed
The advantages that fast.
The variation of intrapulmonary aeration quantity can cause the significant changes of thoracic electrical impedance in respiratory, thoracic cavity transfger impedance
Change and high sensitivity related with the lung capacity of measurand.Lung obstruction will affect relevant range in respiratory and shift
The variable quantity of impedance.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide one kind to be surveyed based on thorax impedance
The high-performance pulmonary function detection system and method for amount.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-performance pulmonary function detection system based on thorax impedance measurement, including microcontroller, host computer, excitation electricity
Road, signal condition and data acquisition circuit, buffer electrode unit and electrode special array, the microcontroller are separately connected
Position machine, exciting circuit and signal condition and data acquisition circuit, the exciting circuit and signal condition and data acquisition circuit are logical
It crosses conducting wire to connect with buffer electrode unit respectively, the buffer electrode unit is connect with electrode special array, wherein
The electrode special array, is pasted in measurand；
The exciting circuit generates exciting current under the control of the microcontroller, and the exciting current is by differential electrical
It presses signal conversion to obtain, and electrode special array is acted on by the buffer electrode unit；
The signal condition and data acquisition circuit acquire exciting current signal and response electricity by the buffer electrode unit
Press signal；
The microcontroller demodulates the exciting current signal and response voltage signal, calculates and obtains thoracic cavity resistance
Anti- amplitude and phase, and it is uploaded to host computer；
The host computer obtains the Pulmonary Evaluation result of measurand according to the amplitude of the thoracic impedance and phase.
The electrode special array includes multipair combination electrode, is symmetrically distributed in the front and behind of measurand.
The combination electrode includes galvanic electrode and voltage electrode, and the voltage electrode is nested in galvanic electrode, and electricity
Interval between piezoelectricity pole and galvanic electrode forms a dead ring.
Interval between the voltage electrode and galvanic electrode is at least 1.5mm.
The electrode special array includes at least four pairs of combination electrodes.
The exciting circuit includes:
DDS signal generator, for generating, controllable a pair of of the amplitude of amplitude, frequency is identical, opposite in phase sine wave is poor
Divided voltage signal；
Voltage controlled current source is connect with the DDS signal generator, for voltage signal to be converted into constant current letter
Number；
First optional multicircuit switch, connect with the microcontroller and voltage controlled current source respectively, is used for
Under the control of microcontroller gating apply constant current signal to a pair of exciting.
The signal condition includes: with data acquisition circuit
Second optional multicircuit switch, connect with the microcontroller and buffer electrode unit respectively, for micro-
A pair of electrodes measurement response voltage is gated under the control of type controller；
Signal conditioning circuit is connect with the described second optional multicircuit switch, for exciting current signal and response
Voltage signal is filtered and differential amplification；
ADC module is connect with the signal conditioning circuit, and the exciting current after the conditioning of signal conditioning circuit output is believed
Number with response voltage signal synchronize be converted to digital signal；
Data memory module is connect with the ADC module, for caching the digital signal.
A kind of detection method using the high-performance pulmonary function detection system based on thorax impedance measurement, including it is following
Step:
1) host computer sends measuring command to microcontroller；
2) microcontroller controls exciting circuit according to measuring command and generates constant exciting current signal, slow by electrode
Unit is rushed to be applied on electrode special array；
3) signal condition and data acquisition circuit realize exciting current signal and respond the measurement of voltage signal, and will measurement
As a result corresponding digital signals are converted to be cached；
4) microcontroller demodulates the digital signal of caching, obtains exciting current and responds the amplitude and phase of voltage
Position information, and the amplitude and phase of thoracic impedance are calculated, it is uploaded to host computer；
5) host computer obtains the Pulmonary Evaluation result of measurand according to the amplitude and phase of the thoracic impedance.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention uses differential voltage signal as driving source, can be with the safety of effective protection measurand, and passes through
Buffer electrode unit realizes impedance matching, guarantees the undistorted, noiseless of signal.
2, the present invention is detected using electrode special array, which is made of multipair combination electrode,
The impedance variations information that different lung areas in respiratory can be obtained by combining different combination electrodes, to diagnose
Different lung areas are blocked with the presence or absence of lung and degree of congestion.
3, the present invention uses vitro detection means, and subject can be obtained lung without being repeated firmly quickly to deeply breathe
The testing result of obstruction, it is easy to implement quick, it greatly improves the comfort level of subject, reduce the enforcement difficulty of operator.
4, the present invention reduces cost, and the generation that can effectively guard against cross infection without using consumptive materials such as disposable filter tips.
5, the present invention has many advantages, such as that easy implementation, system cost is low, detection sensitivity is high, measurement is quick and convenient, can have
Effect improves doctor and the detection of patient is experienced
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of high-performance pulmonary function test system of the present invention, in figure: 1, microcontroller, 2, host computer,
3, subsystem, 4, signal condition and data acquisition circuit, 5, buffer electrode unit, 6, electrode special array, 301, DDS letter are motivated
Number generator, 302, voltage controlled current source, 303, optional multicircuit switch, 401, optional multicircuit switch, 402, letter
Number conditioning circuit, 403, ADC module, 404, data memory module；
Fig. 2 is the combination electrode schematic diagram that uses of the present invention, in figure, 601, exciting current electrode, and 602, measurement voltage electricity
Pole, 603, dead ring.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, the detailed implementation method and specific operation process are given, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, it is a kind of based on thorax impedance measurement high-performance pulmonary function detection system, including microcontroller 1, on
Position machine 2, exciting circuit 3, signal condition and data acquisition circuit 4, buffer electrode unit 5 and electrode special array 6, miniature control
Device 1 is separately connected host computer 2, exciting circuit 3 and signal condition and data acquisition circuit 4, exciting circuit 3 and signal condition and number
It is connect respectively with buffer electrode unit 5 according to Acquisition Circuit 4 by conducting wire, buffer electrode unit 5 is connect with electrode special array 6.
Electrode special array 6 is pasted in measurand.Exciting circuit 3 generates exciting current under the control of microcontroller 1, excitation
Electric current is converted by differential voltage signal and is obtained, and acts on electrode special array 6 by buffer electrode unit 5.Signal condition with
Data acquisition circuit 4 acquires exciting current signal and response voltage signal by buffer electrode unit 5.Microcontroller 1 is to sharp
It encourages current signal and response voltage signal is demodulated, calculate the amplitude and phase for obtaining thoracic impedance, and be uploaded to host computer
2.Host computer 2 obtains the Pulmonary Evaluation result of measurand according to the amplitude and phase of thoracic impedance.
In the present embodiment, exciting circuit 3 includes sequentially connected DDS signal generator 301, voltage controlled current source 302
With the first optional multicircuit switch 303, DDS signal generator 301 is used to generate width according to the control signal of microcontroller 1
It is worth, a pair of of the amplitude of frequency controllably is identical, opposite in phase sine wave differential voltage signal；Voltage controlled current source 302 is used for
Voltage signal is converted into constant current signal；First optional multicircuit switch 303 is used under the control of microcontroller 1
Gating apply constant current signal to a pair of exciting.
In the present embodiment, signal condition and data acquisition circuit 4 include the sequentially connected second optional multicircuit switch
401, signal conditioning circuit 402, ADC module 403 and data memory module 404, the second optional multicircuit switch 401 are used for
A pair of electrodes measurement response voltage is gated under the control of microcontroller 1；Signal conditioning circuit 402 is used for exciting current signal
It is filtered and differential amplification with response voltage signal；Swashing after the conditioning that ADC module 403 exports signal conditioning circuit 402
Encourage current signal with response voltage signal synchronize be converted to digital signal；Data memory module 404 is for caching digital signal.
Electrode special array 6 includes at least four pairs of combination electrodes, is symmetrically distributed in the front and behind of measurand.Such as figure
Shown in 2, in the present embodiment, combination electrode includes galvanic electrode 601 and voltage electrode 602, and voltage electrode 602 is nested in electric current electricity
Interval in pole 601, and between voltage electrode 602 and galvanic electrode 601 forms a dead ring 603.Voltage electrode 602 and electric current electricity
Interval between pole 601 is at least 1.5mm.
In the present embodiment, electrode special array 6 includes four pairs of combination electrodes.Four pairs of combination electrodes are attached to front and back respectively
Each two of left and right afterwards amount to chest first four, and four behind, four electrodes are opposite with chest first four electrode behind.Electrode special battle array
Column generate electric field for faint exciting current signal to be applied to tested thoracic cavity, and detect the response pctential of thoracic cavity performance, to survey
Measure thoracic impedance.Wherein former and later two combination electrodes above left chest, for measuring the ventilatory conditions on left lung top；Before left chest next year
Latter two combination electrode, for measuring the ventilatory conditions of left lung lower part；Two electrode combinations above and below left front face, for measuring a left side
Ventilatory conditions on front side of lung；Two combination electrodes are used to measure ventilatory conditions on rear side of left lung left chest back up and down.Four, right side electrode
Composite class is same.
Buffer electrode unit 5 is mounted on electrode special array 6, passes through conducting wire and the first optional multicircuit switch and
Two optional multicircuit switches are connected, and for realizing impedance matching, and the electric potential signal detected on electrode are buffered to improve
The input impedance of measuring circuit is simultaneously exported to signal conditioning unit 402, improves signal-to-noise ratio.Buffer electrode unit 5 mainly includes slow
Rush amplifier.
Include: using the specific steps that the above-mentioned high-performance pulmonary function detection system based on thorax impedance measurement is detected
1) host computer 2 sends measuring command to microcontroller 1；
2) microcontroller controls exciting circuit according to measuring command and generates constant exciting current signal, slow by electrode
Unit is rushed to be applied on electrode special array, specifically:
Microcontroller according to measuring command control DDS signal generator generate certain frequency with amplitude, amplitude identical, phase
The opposite differential voltage pumping signal in position, in the present embodiment, the frequency of differential voltage pumping signal is 250kHz, and amplitude is
0.4mA；
Difference driving voltage signal is converted constant current excitation signal in a pair by voltage controlled current source；
The optional multicircuit switch of microcontroller control first gates a pair of of galvanic electrode and applies exciting current signal；
3) signal condition and data acquisition circuit realize exciting current signal and respond the measurement of voltage signal, and will measurement
As a result corresponding digital signals are converted to be cached, specifically:
The optional multicircuit switch of microcontroller control second gates a pair of of voltage electrode detection response voltage signal；
Signal conditioning circuit is by exciting current sampled signal and response voltage signal is filtered and differential amplification, ADC mould
Block by exciting current sampled signal and the response voltage signal after conditioning synchronize be converted to digital signal, data buffer storage is in storage mould
Block；
4) microcontroller demodulates the digital signal of caching, obtains exciting current and responds the amplitude and phase of voltage
Position information, and the amplitude and phase of thoracic impedance (transfger impedance) are calculated, it is uploaded to host computer；
The control of the first optional multicircuit switch and the second optional multicircuit switch is realized by microcontroller
The signal acquisition of multipair electrode, to obtain the measurement of multiple thoracic impedances；
5 deep breathing periods of test constantly in the present embodiment；
5) host computer according to the amplitude of the thoracic impedance and phase obtain measurand Pulmonary Evaluation as a result, according to
The respiratory impedance measured analyzes the lung function situation of testee, blocks the opposite variation of impedance caused by the breathing of generation area
It is opposite less than the impedance of normal region to change, thus judge whether there is the region that lung obstruction and lung obstruction occur.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. it is a kind of based on thorax impedance measurement high-performance pulmonary function detection system, which is characterized in that including microcontroller (1),
Host computer (2), exciting circuit (3), signal condition and data acquisition circuit (4), buffer electrode unit (5) and electrode special array
(6), the microcontroller (1) is separately connected host computer (2), exciting circuit (3) and signal condition and data acquisition circuit
(4), the exciting circuit (3) and signal condition and data acquisition circuit (4) are connected with buffer electrode unit (5) respectively by conducting wire
It connects, the buffer electrode unit (5) connect with electrode special array (6), wherein
The electrode special array (6), is pasted in measurand；
The exciting circuit (3), generates exciting current, the exciting current is by difference under the control of the microcontroller (1)
Voltage signal conversion obtains, and acts on electrode special array (6) by the buffer electrode unit (5)；
The signal condition and data acquisition circuit (4) acquire exciting current signal and response by the buffer electrode unit (5)
Voltage signal；
The microcontroller (1) demodulates the exciting current signal and response voltage signal, calculates and obtain thoracic impedance
Amplitude and phase, and be uploaded to host computer (2)；
The host computer (2) obtains the Pulmonary Evaluation result of measurand according to the amplitude of the thoracic impedance and phase.
2. the high-performance pulmonary function detection system according to claim 1 based on thorax impedance measurement, which is characterized in that described
Electrode special array (6) includes multipair combination electrode, is symmetrically distributed in the front and behind of measurand.
3. the high-performance pulmonary function detection system according to claim 2 based on thorax impedance measurement, which is characterized in that described
Combination electrode includes galvanic electrode (601) and voltage electrode (602), and the voltage electrode (602) is nested in galvanic electrode (601)
It is interior, and the interval between voltage electrode (602) and galvanic electrode (601) forms a dead ring (603).
4. the high-performance pulmonary function detection system according to claim 2 based on thorax impedance measurement, which is characterized in that described
Interval between voltage electrode (602) and galvanic electrode (601) is at least 1.5mm.
5. the high-performance pulmonary function detection system according to claim 2 based on thorax impedance measurement, which is characterized in that described
Electrode special array (6) includes at least four pairs of combination electrodes.
6. the high-performance pulmonary function detection system according to claim 1 based on thorax impedance measurement, which is characterized in that described
Exciting circuit (3) includes:
DDS signal generator (301), for generating, controllable a pair of of the amplitude of amplitude, frequency is identical, opposite in phase sine wave is poor
Divided voltage signal；
Voltage controlled current source (302), connect with the DDS signal generator, for voltage signal to be converted into constant current
Signal；
First optional multicircuit switch (303), respectively even with the microcontroller (1) and voltage controlled current source (302)
Connect, under the control of microcontroller (1) gating apply constant current signal to a pair of exciting.
7. the high-performance pulmonary function detection system according to claim 1 based on thorax impedance measurement, which is characterized in that described
Signal condition includes: with data acquisition circuit (4)
Second optional multicircuit switch (401), connect with the microcontroller (1) and buffer electrode unit (5) respectively, uses
A pair of electrodes measurement response voltage is gated under the control in microcontroller (1)；
Signal conditioning circuit (402) is connect with the described second optional multicircuit switch (401), for exciting current signal
It is filtered and differential amplification with response voltage signal；
ADC module (403) is connect with the signal conditioning circuit (402), after the conditioning of signal conditioning circuit (402) output
Exciting current signal with response voltage signal synchronize be converted to digital signal；
Data memory module (404) is connect, for caching the digital signal with the ADC module (403).
8. a kind of detection method using the high-performance pulmonary function detection system described in claim 1 based on thorax impedance measurement,
Characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) host computer (2) sends measuring command to microcontroller (1)；
2) microcontroller (1) controls exciting circuit (3) according to measuring command and generates constant exciting current signal, passes through electrode
Buffer cell (5) is applied on electrode special array (6)；
3) signal condition and data acquisition circuit (4) realize exciting current signal and respond the measurement of voltage signal, and will measurement
As a result corresponding digital signals are converted to be cached；
4) microcontroller (1) demodulates the digital signal of caching, obtains exciting current and responds the amplitude and phase of voltage
Position information, and the amplitude and phase of thoracic impedance are calculated, it is uploaded to host computer (2)；
5) host computer (2) obtains the Pulmonary Evaluation result of measurand according to the amplitude and phase of the thoracic impedance.
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| CN112089418A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-12-18 | 重庆大学 | Thoracic cavity electrical impedance detection method based on human tissue conductivity frequency conversion amplitude modulation method |
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