CN109559950A - A kind of many electrons' system cold-cathode gun that microwave phase modulation is controllable - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention, which belongs to, can integrate electrovacuum radiation source device with applying cold-cathode gun, it include: electronics gun housing body and its pedestal, upper and lower electrode plate and the microwave input layer equipped with the number same via with cold cathode, each through-hole forms the interaction chamber of corresponding number together with upper and lower electrode plate respectively in microwave input layer, each cold cathode is embedded in respectively on the lower electrode plate of corresponding interaction chamber bottom, one group of each pore size has been opened up in the electric pole plate region of each interaction chamber of face is both less than the array electronic infusion of microwave wavelength and portalled.The invention has note wave interaction space small, can as required feed-in different frequency microwave come modulate multiple cold cathode emission electric currents, with generate different modulating frequency and intensity multiple electronics note, and each electronics note microwave phase modulation is controllable, multiple electronics notes source can be provided for integrated micro electrovacuum radiation source device, and output power, the features such as effectively expanding application range.

Description

A kind of many electrons' system cold-cathode gun that microwave phase modulation is controllable

Technical field

The present invention relates to one kind can integrate the mating electron gun of electrovacuum radiation source device, especially a kind of adjustable feed-in microwave The frequency cold-cathode gun controllable with the multiple electronics note and phase that generate different modulating frequency.

Background technique

Microwave electrovacuum radiation source device is as the indispensable core of the Military Electronics system such as radar, electronic countermeasure, space communication Heart device is constantly subjected to pay attention to extensively.Then occupy very important ground in above-mentioned electrovacuum radiation source device electron gun component Position, traditional electrovacuum radiation source device electron gun generally use thermal emission cathode system, after decades of development, heat emission Cathode technique is highly developed, is widely used in all kinds of electrovacuum radiation source devices, but there are following aobvious for thermal emission cathode Write disadvantage: structure is complicated, at high cost, and cathod system is made of various metals and ceramic component, since hot cathode works thousands of The hot environment of degree, the filament of heating is easily broken off or short circuit in cathode, leads to device failure；When on the other hand due to work It needs the long period to heat, not only increases the complexity of system, also reduce system effectiveness；Additionally due to hot cathode structure is multiple Miscellaneous, cathode temperature height is also that electrovacuum radiation source device is difficult to one of the main reason for integrated.

Micro electric vacuum radiation source device compared to hot cathode electron tube it have the characteristics that it is small in size, can integrate, Firstly the need of the generation for solving free electron source using field emission cold cathode in the device of micro electric vacuum radiation source, field causes hair Penetrate is to apply high-intensitive electric field on the surfaces such as metal or conductor, enter electronics by tunnel-effect to form electronics in vacuum Note, so as to remove the essential heating component of hot cathode system, significantly simplifies cathode construction；With thermionic emission Compare, field emission cold cathode have it is low in energy consumption, can integrate, the series of advantages such as size is small, fast response time, therefore it is micro- The desired electronic emission source of type electrovacuum radiation source device.

The development of field emission cold cathode integrable miniature electrovacuum radiation source device is still restricted at present.Main cause It is, since device size is small, the space for infusing wave interaction to be caused also correspondingly to subtract significantly in integrable miniature electron tube It is small.Therefore the efficiency that research effectively improves note wave interaction in small size space, which just becomes, develops the radiation of integrable miniature electrovacuum One of the key of source device.

Further for developing also by the restriction of phase problem for integrated micro electric vacuum radiation source device.When two When the phase in the micro electric vacuum radiation source integrated is inconsistent and frequency is close, phase will be generated between two radiation sources Dry, this relevant influence to proper device operation is very big, while being also unfavorable for the application of device.If two radiation sources The high frequency field frequencies range of generation is consistent, and phase is controllable, then the above problem can be solved.Frequency unanimously can be by using identical resonance Chamber system is guaranteed that controllably then difficulty is larger for phase.Therefore many electrons' system is modulated using same frequency microwave signal and realize Phase controllably just becomes another key technology for developing integrable miniature electrovacuum radiation source device.In turn, as can using multiple The high frequency field in a certain resonator system is infused while being motivated to the controllable electronics of phase modulation, and note wave interaction effect can be improved in result Rate and radiation source bandwidth of operation, Enhanced Radiation Reduced Blast source output power.

" a kind of cold-cathode gun " is disclosed in patent document of the notification number for CN1379433A), which exists A circular metal plate cold cathode is secured on cold yin frame (lower electrode) b on its pedestal a, cold cathode top is netted equipped with one Grid d and its bracket (top electrode) c, mesh grid top are equipped with the focusing electrode f and its bracket e of a circular hole, focusing electrode f's Surface is additionally provided with a mesh shields pole h, which is fixed on pedestal a by its bracket g, each electrode outlet line i It is drawn from the lower part of pedestal a.After the electron gun forms electronics note using mesh grid d, electronics note is converged by focusing electrode f；But The electron gun can only be changed by electrode high pressure carries out frequency modulation(PFM) to the electronics note of cold cathode emission, due to its tuned frequency (10³Hz) well below microwave frequency (10⁹Hz).Thus such cold-cathode gun be only used for such as cold cathode electric light source, as Its electronics injection rate such as element pipe (display) is far below the device of microwave frequency；Both it be not suitable for the radiation of integrable miniature electrovacuum Source device, and because the wherein phase of each radiation source is difficult to match, phase coherence will lead to device and cannot work, therefore can not For having in the integrated micro source device in multiple micro electric vacuum radiations source.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is for defect existing for background technique, a kind of polyelectron that microwave phase modulation is controllable of researching and designing Infuse cold-cathode gun, to reach the space that can significantly reduce note wave interaction, and can feed-in different frequency as required it is micro- Wave come modulate multiple cold cathode emission electric currents, with generate different modulating frequency and intensity multiple electronics note, and each electronics infuse Phase modulation it is controllable, for miniature electron tube provide electronics infuse source, effectively expand application range the purpose of.

Solution of the invention is that microwave input is added between the upper and lower electrode plate of traditional cold-cathode gun Layer, and open up through-hole by the number interval of set cold cathode in microwave input layer, each through-hole respectively with upper and lower electrode plate together Corresponding interaction chamber is formed, each cold cathode is embedded in respectively on the lower electrode plate of corresponding interaction chamber bottom, each mutual in face The electric pole plate region of acting chamber and cold cathode opens up one group of each pore size and is less than the array hole of microwave wavelength, as electronics Infusion is portalled；Containing upper and lower electrode plate, microwave input layer and each cold cathode, the interaction chamber that set in the inner collectively constitute polyelectron The rifle core of cold-cathode gun is infused, which passes through electronics gun housing body and fix by lower electrode plate and pedestal, by its side And (electric pole plate) top surface is fixed with electron gun housing seal；The electron gun work when its electric pole plate be anode, when microwave with When quasi-plane wave mode inputs, microwave high frequency electric field direction vector is parallel with electrostatic field, the certain frequency in interaction chamber Microwave action also changes with microwave frequency in cold cathode emission electric field, electric field frequency, makes generated each electronics note Frequency it is identical as the microwave frequency of input, thus realize by microwave modulation cold cathode emission electric current purpose；Simultaneously because Position of each cold cathode on microwave transmission direction is different and spacing is fixed, each cold cathode when microwave transmission is to each cold cathode Between phase difference just secure, therefore each cold cathode generate electronics note between phase difference also just secure, thus again Realize the controllable purpose of its phase；In addition, under normal circumstances when each electronics infuses same-phase or antiphase for integrated more The raising of the whole work efficiency of a identical or different micro electric vacuum radiation source device is the most obvious, and the present invention is then according to microwave Each phase is successively determined whether phase when the microwave transmitted in input layer is through each interaction chamber between each interaction chamber is identical Spacing between adjacent two interaction chambers.Thus, many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of the present invention includes electronics gun housing body and its pedestal, Upper and lower electrode plate and cold cathode, key is to be additionally provided with a microwave input layer between upper and lower electrode plate, in microwave input layer In by the number of set cold cathode open up through-hole identical with its number, each through-hole forms phase with upper and lower electrode plate respectively together The interaction chamber of number is answered, each cold cathode is embedded in respectively on the lower electrode plate of corresponding interaction chamber bottom, in each interaction of face The array hole for being both less than microwave wavelength with one group of each pore size is opened up in the electric pole plate region of chamber and cold cathode, as electricity Sub- infusion is portalled；Electric pole plate and upper and lower surfaces of the lower electrode plate respectively with microwave input layer embedded with multiple cold cathodes are fixed, Cold-cathode gun rifle core is formed, which passes through electronics gun housing body and each group electronics infusion is portalled is placed in housing cavity upwards Afterwards, electrode plate is integrally fixed with pedestal, rifle core two sides and electric pole plate top surface and electron gun housing seal under rifle core.

The above opens up through-hole identical with its number, cold cathode by the number of set cold cathode in microwave input layer Number be 2-10.The microwave input layer is the insulating medium layer that dielectric constant is 2-10.Each through-hole respectively with it is upper, Lower electrode plate forms the interaction chamber of corresponding number together, and the center spacing of each two neighboring interaction chamber is according to microwave input layer It is successively determined whether phase of middle the transmitted microwave between adjacent two interaction chamber is identical, i.e., ought require each adjacent two interaction When identical with chamber phase, center between two interaction chambers is away from the even-multiple for microwave half-wavelength in microwave input layer, when requiring When each adjacent two interaction chambers opposite in phase, the center between two interaction chambers is away from the surprise for microwave half-wavelength in microwave input layer Several times.The even-multiple of the microwave half-wavelength is 2,4,6,8,10,12,14 times, the odd-multiple of the microwave half-wavelength is 3,5, 7,9,11,13,15 times；And microwave half-wavelength in the microwave input layer, it is in the number and structure for determining interaction chamber first After size, is emulated and obtained by 3 D electromagnetic simulation software " CST MICROWAVE STUDIO ".Each pore size is respectively less than The array electronic infusion of microwave wavelength is portalled, and electronics infusion is portalled for circular hole, square hole or strip-shaped hole.The interaction chamber is length Square cavity, circular cylindrical cavity or water chestnut cylindrical chamber.

The present invention due to being additionally arranged a microwave input layer between the upper and lower electrode plate of traditional cold-cathode gun, and Through-hole is opened up by the number interval of set cold cathode in microwave input layer, each through-hole is formed with upper and lower electrode plate together respectively Corresponding interaction chamber, each cold cathode embedded in each interaction chamber bottom lower electrode plate on, each interaction chamber of face and The electric pole plate on cold cathode top opens up one group of each pore size and portals less than the array hole of microwave wavelength as electronics infusion.Cause This cold-cathode gun after electric pole plate adds quiet positive potential, each of can make on lower electrode plate cold yin in vacuum environment Pole generates stable autoelectronic current；When microwave is inputted with quasi-plane wave mode and passes to some cold cathode surface, microwave High-frequency electric field direction vector it is parallel with electrostatic field, the electric-field strength when its direction is consistent with electrostatic field, on the cold cathode surface Degree will then weaken when will be reinforced, is opposite with electrostatic field；Modulated each emission current by respective electronics infusion portal into Enter after multiple (or one) miniature resonant systems can smoothly with self-oscillation in each resonant cavity or externally input high frequency Energy exchange occurs for electromagnetic field, exports electromagenetic wave radiation after increasing the electromagnetic field of high frequency rail power in each resonant cavity The microwave source of formation, while the microwave phase of each radiation source output is consistent with respective electronics note modulating frequency phase, due to electricity Son note modulating frequency phase is controllable, therefore each radiation source phase is also controllable, solves and develops multiple micro electric vacuum radiations source Two big key technologies of integrated source device.The modulation amplitude of the bigger each electronics note of microwave power amplitude is also bigger, passes through simultaneously Change input microwave frequency and the available different frequency of intensity and multiple electronics of intensity modulated state note, realizes broadband tune System；For same input power, the microwave situation of frequency, by improving the potential difference of upper and lower electrode plate, that is, increase electrostatic field strength Degree can also increase the modulation amplitude of electronics note；Wave interaction space is respectively infused in cold-cathode gun of the present invention can be contracted to often Rule technology 1/10 is hereinafter, 2 times or more at least can be improved in single micro electric vacuum radiation source output power relatively.The thus present invention It is small with note wave interaction space, can the microwave of feed-in different frequency as required modulate multiple cold cathode emission electric currents, to produce Multiple electronics note of raw different modulating frequency and intensity, and each electronics note microwave phase modulation is controllable, is integrated micro electricity The features such as vacuum radiation source device provides multiple electronics and infuses source, and output power, effectively expands application range.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1, which is that microwave phase modulation of the present invention controllably more, infuses cold-cathode gun structural schematic diagram；

Fig. 2 is that the cathode current emission changes over time after the identical three electronics note cold-cathode gun of 1 phase of embodiment is modulated Figure；

Fig. 3 is that each electronics note goes out across electronics infusion after the identical three electronics note cold-cathode gun of 1 phase of embodiment is modulated Electric current changes over time figure after the 2-1 of hole；

Three electronics note cold cathode emission of cathode electricity after microwave is modulated when Fig. 4 is adjacent two electronics of embodiment 2 note opposite in phase Stream changes over time figure；

Three electronics note cold cathodes each electronics note after microwave is modulated is worn when Fig. 5 is adjacent two electronics of embodiment 2 note opposite in phase It crosses the electronics infusion electric current after 2-1 that portals and changes over time figure；

3 six electronics note cold-cathode gun the cathode current emissions after microwave is modulated of Fig. 6 embodiment change over time figure；

Fig. 7 embodiment 3 six electronics note cold-cathode guns each electronics note after microwave is modulated portals 2-1 across electronics infusion Electric current changes over time figure afterwards.

In figure: 1. electronics gun housing bodies, 1-1. pedestal, 2. electric pole plates, 2-1. electronics infusion are portalled, 3. microwave input layers, 3-1. interaction chamber, 4. lower electrode plates, 5. cold cathodes.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1:

By taking more note cold-cathode guns for the micro electric vacuum radiation source of 3 millimeters of frequency ranges as an example: in its electron gun shell 1 Chamber width is 5mm, long side 10mm, height 5mm, and wall thickness 2mm, inner wall chamfering circular arc curvature is radius 1mm, material 99^#Ceramics, Its lower end and pedestal 1-1 sealing, upper end are connected to form sealing vacuum chamber with resonator system when in use, and vacuum degree can achieve 10^-5Pa；Pedestal 1-1 material is also 99^#Ceramics, (length × width x thickness) 14 × 7 × 4mm.Microwave input layer 3(long × width x thickness) 20 × 2 × 0.25mm, three through-holes are set in the microwave input layer, and (length × width x thickness) in each hole is 2 × 1.8 × 0.25mm, this reality It applies in case according to requiring in microwave input layer microwave identical by phase when three interaction chambers；It is thus imitative by 3 D electromagnetic It is 2.74mm that true software " CST MICROWAVE STUDIO " emulation, which obtains the centre distance between hole each in transport layer,；Lower electricity Pole plate 4(long × width x thickness) 20 × 2 × 0.75mm, material be magnetism-free stainless steel, three 5 diameter phis of cold cathode thereon are 1mm, thickness 1um, material are carbon nanotube sheet material, wherein second cold cathode is located at bottom crown upper surface center, front and back two The centre distance of a cold cathode is 2.74mm；Electric pole plate 2(long × width x thickness) 20 × 2 × 0.05mm, material be also no magnetic Stainless steel, the upper and lower surfaces of microwave input layer 3 are fixed with electric pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4 respectively, the electron gun rifle core of composition, Three through-holes are set in its medium wave input layer and upper and lower electrode plate 2,4 forms three interaction chamber 3-1 together, and set cold cathode 5 In each interaction chamber bottom centre position, then using laser point in the range of each interaction chamber 3-1 of face on electric pole plate 2 Do not etch one group 11 × 11=121, the array square hole of each a length of 0.1 × 0.1mm of hole edge portals 2- as three electronics infusions 1；After entire electron gun rifle core passes through electronics gun housing body 1 and intermediate interaction chamber 3-1 is placed in the center of electronics gun housing body, The lower electrode plate 4 of rifle core and pedestal 1-1, the surface of the two sidewalls of rifle core and electric pole plate 2 and the sealing of electronics gun housing body 1 are fixed Integrally,.

In the present embodiment, when the electric field strength between electric pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4 no more than 10000V/mm, simultaneously it is cold When the cut-in voltage of cathode work is 2500V/mm, 2 operating voltage of electric pole plate can select within the scope of 1000-2500V；Work as electricity The current density about 1.35A/cm of the present embodiment when field intensity is 4800V/mm²；Three cold yin in the case where potential difference is 1200V effect Pole generates stable autoelectronic current I₀=31.6mA；It can also be other frequencies by 94GHz(to realize the modulation to electronics note Rate) microwave E (t) is by 3 left port of the microwave input layer input outside electronics gun housing body 1, and 5 watts of input power, microwave is powering at this time With quasi-plane wave mode propagation in pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4, and the high-frequency electric field direction vector of microwave is parallel with electrostatic field； In Fig. 2 in time t=0.2011ns right above microwave transmission to three cold cathodes and when direction is consistent with electrostatic field, three A cold cathode surface field will be reinforced, and autoelectronic current will increase to I=I₀+I₁=31.6mA+2.9mA=34.5mA, Middle I₀The sum of three cold cathode autoelectronic currents are generated for electrostatic field, value does not change over time；I₁For three caused by microwave The sum of cold cathode autoelectronic current variation, value changes over time；Before t=0.065ns moment, microwave is successively transferred to Each cathode surface, and three electronics note phase modulations are same-phase, therefore modulate electric current I₁It is gradually increased.In t=0.2064ns Right above moment microwave transmission to three cold cathodes and when direction is opposite with electrostatic field, cold cathode surface field will be weakened, Autoelectronic current will be reduced to I=I₀-I₂=31.6mA-2.5mA=29.1mA, wherein I₂It also is three cold yin caused by microwave The sum of pole autoelectronic current variation, value changes over time；The electronics note difference that three cold cathodes 5 generate is given in Fig. 3 Across electronics infusion portal 2-1 after electric current change over time figure, can be clearly seen that in Fig. 3 three electronics note modulation phase Position is consistent, and the nearest electronics note of distance microwave input terminal is modulated first, followed by second electronics note and the Three electronics notes are successively modulated.With time change, the implementation case electron gun generates three electronics note of field emission Electric current will change together with microwave, the sum of amplitude of variation forms modulation condition and phase one between 29.1mA to 31.6mA It causes；Enter after modulated three electronics note is each passed through respective interaction chamber 3-1 and electronics infusion is portalled 2-1 it is multiple (or One) miniature resonant system, electronics, which is provided, for multiple (or one) micro electric vacuum radiation sources device infuses source.

Embodiment 2:

Still by taking more note cold-cathode guns for the micro electric vacuum radiation source of 3 millimeters of frequency ranges as an example: its electron gun shell 1, portal 2-1, interaction chamber 3-1, its structure and size of cold cathode 5 of pedestal 1-1, electronics infusion are same as Example 1；This reality Example is applied according to microwave by first requirement identical with phase when third interaction chamber, by second interaction chamber phase Opposite in phase when position is with by first and third interaction chamber, passes through 3 D electromagnetic simulation software " CST MICROWAVE STUDIO " emulation obtains between hole each in microwave input layer 3 center away from being 3.86mm, thus the array on electric pole plate 2 Formula electronics infusion is portalled the distance between 2-1 adjacent array center, center between adjacent interaction chamber 3-1 on microwave input layer 3 Away from center between adjacent cold cathode 5 on, lower electrode plate 4 away from being also 3.86mm；Remaining is also identical as background technique.

In the present embodiment, when the electric field strength between electric pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4 no more than 10000V/mm, simultaneously it is cold When the cut-in voltage of cathode work is 2500V/mm, 2 operating voltage of electric pole plate can select within the scope of 1000-2500V；Work as electricity Field intensity can produce about 1.35A/cm when being 4800V/mm²Current density；Three cold cathodes in the case where potential difference is 1200V effect Generate stable autoelectronic current and I₀=31.6mA；It can also be other frequencies by 94GHz(to realize the modulation to electronics note Rate) microwave E (t) is by 3 left port of the microwave input layer input outside electronics gun housing body 1, and 5 watts of input power, microwave is powering at this time With quasi-plane wave mode propagation in pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4, and the high-frequency electric field direction vector of microwave is parallel with electrostatic field； In time t=between 0.05ns to the 0.01ns moment in Fig. 4, since adjacent two cold cathode generates the opposite institute of electronics note phase modulation When with right above microwave transmission to the 2nd cold cathode, three cold cathode overall emission electric currents are basically unchanged still as 31.6mA.? When t=0.131ns right above microwave transmission to third cold cathode and when direction is consistent with electrostatic field, third cold cathode Surface field will be reinforced, and autoelectronic current will increase to I=I₀+I₁=31.6mA+1.0mA=32.6mA, wherein I₀It is quiet Electric field generates the sum of three cold cathode autoelectronic currents, and value does not change over time；I₁For three cold cathodes caused by microwave Autoelectronic current variation the sum of (due to phase modulation two-by-two on the contrary, the sum of modulation electric current of electronics note 1 and electronics note 2 be 0, Therefore with one third when phase in the sum of modulation electric current only embodiment 1), value changes over time；At t=0.1364ns moment When to be transferred to third cold cathode surface and direction opposite with electrostatic field, cold cathode surface field will be weakened, and field causes Emission current will be reduced to I=I₀-I₂=31.6mA-0.9mA=30.7mA, wherein I₂It also is three cold-cathode fields caused by microwave The sum of emission current variation is caused, value changes over time；The electronics note that three cold cathodes 5 generate is given in Fig. 5 to be each passed through Electric current after electronics infusion 2-1 portals changes over time figure, can be clearly seen that the phase modulation of three electronics note is in Fig. 5 Adjacent reverse phase, and the nearest first electronics note of distance microwave input terminal is modulated first, followed by second electronics note and Third electronics note is successively modulated.With time change；The present embodiment electron gun generates three electronics note of field emission Electric current will change together with microwave, the sum of amplitude of variation forms modulation condition and adjacent electricity between 30.7mA to 32.6mA The opposite in phase of son note；After modulated three electronics note is each passed through respective interaction chamber 3-1 and electronics infusion is portalled 2-1 Into multiple (or one) miniature resonant systems, electronics is provided for multiple (or one) micro electric vacuum radiation sources device and infuses source.

Embodiment 3

By taking more note cold-cathode guns for the micro electric vacuum radiation source of 3 millimeters of frequency ranges as an example: in its electron gun shell 1 Chamber width is 5mm, long side 24mm, height 5mm, and wall thickness 2mm, inner wall chamfering circular arc curvature is radius 1mm, material 99^#Ceramics, Its lower end and pedestal 1-1 sealing, upper end are connected to form sealing vacuum chamber with resonator system when in use, and vacuum degree can achieve 10^-5Pa；Pedestal 1-1 material is also 99^#Ceramics, (length × width x thickness) 28 × 7 × 4mm；Microwave input layer 3(long × width x thickness) 34 × 2 × 0.25mm, material are polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), set six through-holes in the microwave input layer, (length × width x thickness) in each hole be 2 × 1.8 × 0.25mm, the present embodiment is identical as phase when third interaction chamber by first according to microwave, by second, four, Five, phase is identical when six interaction chambers and requirement with the first and third opposite in phase；Thus pass through 3 D electromagnetic simulation software " CST MICROWAVE STUDIO " emulation obtains in microwave input layer 3 through-hole, each adjacent two hole from first to the 6th Between centre distance successively are as follows: 3.86,3.86,3.86,2.74,2.74mm；Lower electrode plate 4(long × width x thickness) 34 × 2mm × 0.75mm, material are magnetism-free stainless steel, and six 5 diameter phis of cold cathode thereon are 1mm, thickness 1um, each adjacent two cold cathode Between centre distance successively are as follows: 3.86,3.86,3.86,2.74,2.74mm, material be carbon nanotube sheet material；Electric pole plate 2 (length × width x thickness) 34 × 2 × 0.05mm, material are also magnetism-free stainless steel, the upper and lower surfaces of microwave input layer 3 respectively with power on Pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4 are fixed, the electron gun rifle core of composition, set six through-holes and upper and lower electrode plate in medium wave input layer 2,4 six interaction chamber 3-1 are formed together, and cold cathode 5 is placed in the lower electrode plate 4 of each interaction chamber bottom centre position On, then one group 11 × 11=121 is etched respectively using laser in the range of each interaction chamber 3-1 of face on electric pole plate 2 A, the array square hole of each a length of 0.1 × 0.1mm of hole edge portals 2-1 as six electronics infusions；Entire electron gun rifle core passes through Electronics gun housing body 1 and after the midpoint between third and the 4th interaction chamber is placed in the center of electronics gun housing body, by rifle The lower electrode plate 4 and pedestal 1-1 of core, the sealing of the surface of the two sidewalls of rifle core and electric pole plate 2 and electronics gun housing body 1 are fixed into one Body,.

In the present embodiment, when the electric field strength between electric pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4 no more than 10000V/mm, simultaneously it is cold When the cut-in voltage of cathode work is 2500V/mm, 2 operating voltage of electric pole plate can select within the scope of 1000-2500V；Work as electricity Field intensity can produce about 1.35A/cm when being 4800V/mm²Current density；Six cold cathodes in the case where potential difference is 1200V effect Generate stable autoelectronic current and I₀=63.5mA；It can also be other frequencies by 94GHz(to realize the modulation to electronics note Rate) microwave E (t) is by 3 left port of the microwave input layer input outside electronics gun housing body 1, and 5 watts of input power, microwave is powering at this time With quasi-plane wave mode propagation in pole plate 2 and lower electrode plate 4, and the high-frequency electric field direction vector of microwave is parallel with electrostatic field； In Fig. 6 in time t=0.045ns right above microwave transmission to the first two cold cathode when, two cold cathode surface field one It is reinforced one to be weakened, autoelectronic current and still for 63.5mA or so, in time t=0.075ns before microwave transmission is arrived When right above four cold cathodes, four cold cathode surface field two are reinforced two and are weakened, and autoelectronic current and are still 63.5mA or so；In Fig. 6 in time t=0.101ns right above microwave transmission to all cold cathodes when, the wherein cold yin of first four The surface field opposite in phase that pole encounters, the surface field phase that latter two cold cathode encounters is identical, therefore autoelectronic current I=I will be increased to₀+I₁=63.5mA+2.0mA=65.5mA, wherein I₀Six cold cathode autoelectronic currents are generated for electrostatic field The sum of, value does not change over time, I₁For the sum of variation of six cold cathode autoelectronic currents caused by microwave (predominantly the Five, the contribution of six electronics note), value changes over time；In t=0.106ns right above microwave transmission to all cold cathodes When, the surface field opposite in phase that wherein first four cold cathode encounters, the surface field phase that latter two cold cathode encounters is identical, Therefore autoelectronic current will increase to I=I₀+I₂=63.5mA-1.7mA=61.8mA, wherein I₀It is cold for electrostatic field generation six The sum of cathode autoelectronic current, value does not change over time, I₂Become for six cold cathode autoelectronic currents caused by microwave The sum of change (contribution of predominantly the five, the six electronics note), value changes over time；Six cold cathodes 5 are given in Fig. 7 to generate Electronics note be each passed through the electronics infusion electric current after 2-1 that portals and change over time figure, can be clearly seen that second in Fig. 7, Four, the same phase of phase modulation of five, six electronics note, and first and third electronics note phase is identical and infuses reverse-phase with other electronics, And the nearest first electronics note of distance microwave input terminal is modulated first, followed by second and third, four, five, six electronics note successively It is modulated.With time change, the electric current that the present embodiment electron gun generates six electronics note of field emission will be with microwave one With variation, the sum of amplitude of variation forms modulation condition and phase is consistent between 61.8mA to 65.5mA；Modulated six electricity Enter multiple (or one) miniature resonant systems after son note is each passed through respective interaction chamber 3-1 and electronics infusion is portalled 2-1, Electronics, which is provided, for multiple (or one) micro electric vacuum radiation sources device infuses source.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of many electrons' system cold-cathode gun that microwave phase modulation is controllable, including electronics gun housing body and its pedestal, above and below Electrode plate and cold cathode, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with a microwave input layer between upper and lower electrode plate, pressed in microwave input layer The number of set cold cathode opens up through-hole identical with its number, and each through-hole forms corresponding together to upper and lower electrode plate respectively Several interaction chambers, each cold cathode are embedded in respectively on the lower electrode plate of corresponding interaction chamber bottom, in each interaction chamber of face With the array hole for opening up one group of each pore size in the electric pole plate region of cold cathode and being both less than microwave wavelength, infused as electronics Delivery outlet；Electric pole plate and upper and lower surfaces of the lower electrode plate respectively with microwave input layer embedded with multiple cold cathodes are fixed, and are formed Cold-cathode gun rifle core, the rifle core pass through electronics gun housing body and by each group electronics infusion portal upwards be placed in housing cavity after, Electrode plate is integrally fixed with pedestal, rifle core two sides and electric pole plate top surface and electron gun housing seal under rifle core.

2. by the controllable many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of microwave phase modulation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that it is described Through-hole identical with its number is opened up by the number of set cold cathode in microwave input layer, the number of cold cathode is 2-10.

3. by the controllable many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of microwave phase modulation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described micro- Wave input layer is the insulating medium layer that dielectric constant is 2-10.

4. by the controllable many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of microwave phase modulation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described each Through-hole forms the interaction chamber of corresponding number, the center spacing of each two neighboring interaction chamber together with upper and lower electrode plate respectively It successively determines, i.e., ought want whether identical according to phase of the microwave transmitted in microwave input layer between adjacent two interaction chamber When asking each adjacent two interaction chambers phase identical, center between two interaction chambers is away from for microwave half-wavelength in microwave input layer Even-multiple, when requiring each adjacent two interaction chambers opposite in phase, the center between two interaction chambers is away from microwave input layer The odd-multiple of microwave half-wavelength.

5. by the controllable many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of microwave phase modulation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described micro- The even-multiple of wave half-wavelength is 2,4,6,8,10,12,14 times, and the odd-multiple of the microwave half-wavelength is 3,5,7,9,11,13,15 Times；And microwave half-wavelength in the microwave input layer, it is to pass through three after the number and structure size for determining interaction chamber first Electromagnetic simulation software " CST MICROWAVE STUDIO " emulation is tieed up to obtain.

6. by the controllable many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of microwave phase modulation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described each The array electronic infusion that pore size is respectively less than microwave wavelength is portalled, and electronics infusion is portalled for circular hole, square hole or strip-shaped hole.

7. by the controllable many electrons' system cold-cathode gun of microwave phase modulation described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described mutual Acting chamber is rectangle cavity, circular cylindrical cavity or water chestnut cylindrical chamber.