CN109556984A - Fast aeration chilldown system and its application method - Google Patents
Fast aeration chilldown system and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109556984A CN109556984A CN201811490776.0A CN201811490776A CN109556984A CN 109556984 A CN109556984 A CN 109556984A CN 201811490776 A CN201811490776 A CN 201811490776A CN 109556984 A CN109556984 A CN 109556984A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/60—Investigating resistance of materials, e.g. refractory materials, to rapid heat changes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of fast aeration chilldown system and its application methods, the system includes inflation subsystem, N number of temperature control subsystem, it inflates and is provided with and N number of one-to-one heat-exchanger rig of temperature control subsystem on the pipeline of subsystem, it is additionally provided with valve group, first flowmeter, sensor on pipeline, is also connected with test gas cylinder in the end of pipeline；Each temperature control subsystem includes forming the equipment of loop, the job control valve and several flowmeters being arranged on the loop with corresponding heat-exchanger rig, system further includes the control subsystem connecting respectively with the controlled end of valve group, first flowmeter, sensor, equipment, job control valve, flowmeter, along gas flow direction, the corresponding temperature control subsystem refrigerating capacity of multiple heat-exchanger rigs inflated on subsystem pipeline is gradually increased.The advantages of invention, is: realizing the classification pre-cooling for quick and precisely adjusting test gas cylinder gas inlet temperature, the uninterrupted of gas is controlled by the valve group on inflation subsystem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pre-cooling testing field, especially fast aeration chilldown system and its application methods.
Background technique
Composite material storage cylinder has the advantages that pressure-bearing height and light-weight, with more in existing high pressure gas storage technology
Come more extensive, has become research and development and application mainstream.Since composites gas cylinder operating pressure is high, and easily it is affected by temperature, work
It is usually inflammable and explosive to make medium, damaging occurs in gas cylinder during fast aeration and security performance easily leaks when declining
And explosion accident；Therefore its safe military service performance is the research direction paid close attention to.By taking hydrogen as an example, in order to meet market need
It asks, pressure was quickly ramped up to rated value in about 3~5 minutes by hydrogen storage cylinder needs.During gas cylinder rapid hydrogen charging, by temperature rise
The variation of dramatic temperature caused by effect generates larger thermal (temperature difference) stress in composite material interlayer, and then influences the mechanical property of resin matrix
Can, reduce the fatigue life of gas cylinder；Hydrogen temperature rise reaches as high as 130 DEG C or more, and epoxy resin work used in composites gas cylinder
Make temperature when more than 100 DEG C, security performance will receive influence；During passing through chilldown system to fast charge
Hydrogen temperature rise index is controlled in gas cylinder, limits maximum temperature at 85 DEG C or less.It is tested in mounted gas cylinder hydrogen cyclic fatigue
Rapid hydrogen charging process in system is in the complex working condition of alternating temperature, variable-flow, and that temperature in gas cylinder how is realized under the operating condition has
Effect control is the committed step for the process that is flushed with hydrogen.
It is influenced since gentle bottle structure size is arranged by specific hydrogenation system in actual hydrogen storage cylinder fast charge process,
The universality of existing fast charge Temperature Rise Analysis result is poor, and does not have very strong reference value.In publication, at present
The experiment on fatigue properties of most of high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder is carried out on hydraulic dynamometer, and obtained test data and hydrogen are situated between
The difference of matter real working condition is larger；And in the gas cylinder test macro patent based on true hydrogen medium, lack for alternating temperature, unsteady flow
The classification chilldown system for quick and precisely adjusting test gas cylinder import hydrogen temperature may be implemented in the rapid hydrogen charging for measuring operating condition in the process.
For some similar gases, there is also such problems.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art described above, for this purpose, the present invention provides fast aeration chilldown system.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Fast aeration chilldown system, the system include inflation subsystem, N number of temperature control subsystem, the inflation subsystem
Be provided on pipeline with N number of one-to-one heat-exchanger rig of temperature control subsystem, valve group, first flow are additionally provided on pipeline
Meter, sensor, are also connected with test gas cylinder in the end of pipeline；Each temperature control subsystem includes and corresponding heat-exchanger rig shape
At the equipment of loop, the job control valve and several flowmeters that are arranged on the loop, system further include respectively with valve group,
First flowmeter, sensor, equipment, job control valve, flowmeter controlled end connection control subsystem, along gas
Flow direction, the corresponding temperature control subsystem refrigerating capacity of multiple heat-exchanger rigs inflated on subsystem pipeline gradually increase.
Optimization, system further includes vacuumizing subsystem, the end for vacuumizing subsystem and inflation subsystem being arranged in
On one bifurcated of pipeline, the vacuum pump made whole system at vacuum state, vacuum control valve, the control are provided in the branch
Subsystem is also connect with the controlled end of vacuum pump, vacuum control valve.
Optimization, further include safety vent subsystem, and the end of inflation subsystem is arranged in the safety vent subsystem
Include the emptying control valve being connected on pipeline on one bifurcated of pipeline, in the branch and only allows to export from inflation subsystem
Third check valve, be connected in parallel on the safety valve at emptying control valve both ends, the pipeline of third check valve output end is sealedly connected with storage
Gas tank, the control subsystem are also connect with the controlled end of emptying control valve.
Optimization, the heat-exchanger rig uses barrel forms.
Optimization, the sensor includes temperature sensor group and pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor group includes surveying
The temperature sensor at each heat-exchanger rig both ends is measured, shares a temperature sensing on the pipeline between two adjacent heat-exchanger rigs
Device, the pressure sensor test side are arranged in the output end pipe of the last one heat-exchanger rig.
Optimization, the control subsystem includes with the one-to-one multiple heat exchange control units of N number of temperature control subsystem, repeatedly
For learning controller ILC0；
The heat exchange control unit includes subtracter S, iterative learning controller ILC, proportional-integral derivative controller
PID；
Iterative learning controller ILC0Including two input terminals and and output end, output end number is than temperature control subsystem number
One few, one of input terminal input reference, this reference value is to detect the target temperature T of gas cylinderd, another input terminal with
The input terminal connection of the iterative learning controller ILC of n-th heat exchange control unit, preceding N-1 heat exchange controls list to output end respectively
The subtrahend end of subtracter S in member connects；
The minuend end of subtrahend device S in corresponding heat exchange control unit respectively with the output end of the heat-exchanger rig of corresponding effect
The signal end of the temperature sensor of setting connects；The output end of subtracter S is divided into two-way, all the way with iterative learning controller ILC
Input terminal connection, another way pass through proportional-integral derivative controller PID connection, the output end of iterative learning controller ILC
Connect with proportional-integral derivative controller PID, it is each heat exchange control unit in proportional-integral derivative controller PID with it is right
The controlled end for the job control valve in temperature control subsystem answered connects.
Optimization, the inflation subsystem further includes that the first manual being arranged on first heat-exchanger rig front tube road is cut
Only valve, gas flow control valve, the second hand stop valve being arranged in the last one heat-exchanger rig back end line and prevent gas
First check valve of body reflux.
Optimization, the temperature control subsystem is 2, and the equipment in first temperature control subsystem is Thermostating water device.
Optimization, the equipment in second temperature control subsystem includes the refrigeration machine and surge tank to form loop, described
Surge tank and second heat-exchanger rig form loop, and the controlled end of the refrigeration machine is connect with control subsystem.
Use the method for above-mentioned fast aeration chilldown system, comprising the following steps:
Before S1, experiment, vacuum pump and vacuum control valve are controlled to inflation subsystem and safety vent by control subsystem
Subsystem carries out recyclegas displacement, until reaching gas purity requirement；
S2, the valve group inflated in subsystem is opened, to gas is filled in test gas cylinder, control subsystem obtains inflation subsystem
The first flowmeter of road under the overall leadership setting, the first temperature sensor, multiple second temperature sensors, pressure sensor it is corresponding
Export electric signal；
The different refrigeration effect of S3, selection controls different equipment work, iterative learning controller ILC0Output temperature
Spend reference signal TdInto the subtracter S in the corresponding equipment opened, pass through the iteration in corresponding heat exchange control unit
It practises controller IIC and realizes that the preferred temperature value in corresponding temperature control subsystem, all heat exchange control units pass through pid algorithm meter
The aperture of corresponding job control valve is calculated to control the uninterrupted in corresponding temperature control subsystem；
After S4, experiment, control subsystem is discharged high pressure gas to gas storage by emptying control valve active pressure release
Tank.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) setting of the invention by N number of temperature control subsystem and control system, and along the temperature control of inflation direction setting
Subsystem refrigerating capacity gradually increases, and the classification pre-cooling for quick and precisely adjusting test gas cylinder gas inlet temperature is realized, by filling
Valve group on gas subsystem controls the uninterrupted of gas.
(2) vacuum sub-system guarantees the purity of gas for guaranteeing entire gaseous environment.
(3) safety vent subsystem, for balancing the pressure of entire inflation subsystem pipeline, and air accumulator is for storing
Due to the gas of equilibrium pressure release, economize on resources, and can protect environment.
(4) mode of casing can be by the line isolation of loading line and pre-cooling.
(5) setting of temperature sensor can provide when pipeline is by heat-exchanger rig in inflation subsystem not for chilldown system
Same temperature and initial temperature, pressure sensor are used for the pressure tested in pipeline, for control subsystem control emptying control valve
Aperture provide foundation, and be arranged in emptying control valve both ends parallel connection safety valve, prevent control subsystem from cannot normally make
With playing the role of duplicate protection.
(6) the automatic of temperature and flow is realized by iterative learning controller IIC, proportional-integral derivative controller PID
It adjusts in real time.
(7) setting of first manual shut-off valve and the second hand stop valve can close the gas of entire inflation subsystem pipeline
Body can be closed from source, can also close from test gas cylinder, different demands, the setting of the first check valve may be implemented
It can prevent gas backstreaming.
(8) room temperature pre-cooling may be implemented in Thermostating water device, and low temperature pre-cooling is realized in the cooperation of refrigeration machine and surge tank, and room temperature is pre-
Cold to work independently, when cooperating is pre-chilled in room temperature pre-cooling and low temperature, the setting of room temperature pre-cooling, which can rise, improves low temperature pre-cooling
The effect of effect.
(9) this method can realize the cyclic fatigue test of test gas cylinder, and can realize different temperatures and different flow
In the case of test gas cylinder detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of fast aeration chilldown system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial schematic diagram of fast aeration chilldown system in Fig. 1.
The meaning of label symbol is as follows in figure:
1- gas flow control valve 2- first flowmeter 3- first manual shut-off valve
4- the first temperature sensor 5- the first heat-exchanger rig 6- second temperature sensor
7- the second heat-exchanger rig 8- third temperature sensor 9- pressure sensor
10- the second hand stop valve 11- the first check valve 12- third hand stop valve
13- second flowmeter 14- the first job control valve 15- Thermostating water device
The 4th hand stop valve 17- third flowmeter 18- the second job control valve of 16-
19- surge tank 20- refrigeration machine
21- second one-way valve 22- vacuum pump 23- vacuum control valve
24- safety valve 25- is vented control valve 26- third check valve 27- control subsystem
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, fast aeration chilldown system, which includes inflation subsystem, N number of temperature control subsystem, vacuumizes
Subsystem, safety vent subsystem, the subsystem that vacuumizes are arranged on a bifurcated for inflating the end pipeline of subsystem,
The safety vent subsystem is arranged on another bifurcated of the end pipeline of inflation subsystem.The pipe of the inflation subsystem
Road, which is provided with, uses barrel forms with N number of one-to-one heat-exchanger rig of temperature control subsystem, the heat-exchanger rig.In the implementation
In example, control temperature control subsystem is 2, respectively the first control subsystem 27 and the second temperature control subsystem, i.e. heat-exchanger rig packet
Include the first heat-exchanger rig 5 corresponding with the first control subsystem 27 and the second temperature control subsystem and the second heat-exchanger rig 7.It should
For system for being filled with hydrogen, control subsystem 27 uses industrial personal computer.
Valve group, first flowmeter 2, sensor are additionally provided on inflation subsystem, the leading portion of inflation system connects high pressure
Tank is also connected with test gas cylinder in the end of pipeline；First temperature control subsystem includes forming ring with corresponding first heat-exchanger rig 5
First equipment on road, the first job control valve 14, second flowmeter 13, the third hand stop valve being arranged on the loop
12, the second temperature control subsystem further includes the second equipment that loop is formed with the second heat-exchanger rig 7, is arranged on the loop
Second job control valve 18, third flowmeter 17, the 4th hand stop valve 16, system further include respectively with valve group, first flow
Meter 2, sensor, the first equipment, the first job control valve 14, second flowmeter 13, the second equipment, the second work control
The control subsystem 27 that valve 18 processed is connected with the controlled end of third flowmeter 17, along gas flow direction, the inflation subsystem
The corresponding temperature control subsystem refrigerating capacity of 2 heat-exchanger rigs of road under the overall leadership gradually increases.
In this embodiment, the first equipment is Thermostating water device 15, exports thermostatted water, warp by Thermostating water device 15
The control of inflow-rate of water turbine enters 7 shell side of the second heat-exchanger rig and is controlled the hydrogen temperature in 5 tube side of the first heat-exchanger rig to reach
To stable state, the water after heat exchange comes back to Thermostating water device 15；Change the flow pair of thermostatted water by flow control
Pressure pan outlet temperature in transient change is controlled.Second equipment includes the refrigeration machine 20 and buffering to form loop
Tank 19, the surge tank 19 and the second heat-exchanger rig 7 form loop, and the controlled end and control subsystem 27 of the refrigeration machine 20 connect
It connects.
The sensor includes temperature sensor group and pressure sensor 9, and the temperature sensor group setting is changed first
The first temperature sensor 4 and second temperature sensor 6 on 5 input terminal of thermal and output end pipeline, are mutually arranged in second and change
Third temperature sensor 8 on 7 output end pipeline of thermal, 9 test side of pressure sensor are arranged in the second heat-exchanger rig 7
Output end pipe in.
Vacuumizing to be provided in the branch where subsystem makes whole system at the vacuum pump 22 of vacuum state, vacuum control
Valve 23, second one-way valve 21, the control subsystem 27 are also connect with the controlled end of vacuum pump 22, vacuum control valve 23, and second
Check valve 21 only allows to inflate output gas in subsystem pipeline.
Include the emptying control valve 25 being connected on pipeline in branch where emptying subsystem and only allows from inflation
The third check valve 26 of system output, the safety valve 24 for being connected in parallel on emptying 25 both ends of control valve, 26 output end of third check valve
Pipeline is sealedly connected with air accumulator, and the control subsystem 27 is also connect with the controlled end of emptying control valve 25.
As shown in Fig. 2, the control subsystem 27 includes a pair of with the first temperature control subsystem and the second temperature control subsystem one
The the first heat exchange control unit and the second heat exchange control unit, iterative learning controller ILC answered0；
The first heat exchange control unit includes subtracter S1, iterative learning controller ILC1, proportional integral differential control
Device PID1；The second heat exchange control unit includes subtracter S2, iterative learning controller ILC2, proportional integral differential control
Device PID2；
Iterative learning controller ILC0Including two input terminals and 1 output end, one of input terminal input reference,
This reference value is to detect the target temperature T of gas cylinderd, another input terminal and iterative learning controller ILC1Input terminal connection, it is defeated
Outlet and the subtracter S in the first heat exchange control unit1Subtrahend end connection.Subtrahend device S1Minuend end and second temperature pass
The signal end of sensor 6 connects, subtrahend device S2Minuend end connect with the signal end of third temperature sensor 8.
Subtracter S1Output end be divided into two-way, all the way with iterative learning controller ILC1Input terminal connection, another way warp
Cross proportional-integral derivative controller PID1Connection, iterative learning controller ILC1Output end and proportional integral differential control
Device PID1It connects, the proportional-integral derivative controller PID in the first heat exchange control unit1With the first job control valve 14 by
Control end connection.Second temperature sensor 6 detects the temperature value of the second heat-exchanger rig 7 outlet, and is transmitted to subtracter S1In, subtraction
Device S1Second heat-exchanger rig 7 is carried out to make difference operation in inflation subsystem pipeline upper outlet temperature value and reference temperature value, and will
Operation result is transmitted to iterative learning controller ILC1, proportional-integral derivative controller PID1.By ILC algorithm to pid parameter
Dynamic tuning is carried out, adjusts input signal, the practical first heat exchange dress of amendment with reference to constant temperature water flow by adjusting using pid algorithm
5 Outlet Temperature values are set, so that 5 outlet temperature signal of the first heat-exchanger rig is gradually approached desired reference-input signal, makes profile errors
It is intended to zero.
Specific control formula is as follows:
Subtracter S when system kth time operation1It exports between 5 outlet temperature actual value of the first heat-exchanger rig and reference value
Deviation e1(k)(t):
e1(k)(t)=Td1(k)-T1(k)(t)
Wherein, Td1(k)The reference value of first heat-exchanger rig, 5 outlet temperature, T when being run for system kth time1(k)It (t) is system
Actual value of first heat-exchanger rig 5 in inflation subsystem pipeline upper outlet temperature when kth time operation.It is required that system is in time t ∈
The T for the real time temperature that [0, T] interior second temperature sensor 6 is transmitted1(k)(t) desired output T is trackedd1(k)。
Pass through iterative learning controller ILC1To pid parameter dynamic tuning:
K1(k+1)(t)=L1[K1(k)(t),e1(k)(t)]
I1(k+1)(t)=L1[I1(k)(t),e1(k)(t)]
D1(k+1)(t)=L1[D1(k)(t),e1(k)(t)]
Wherein, L1For law of learning, K1、I1And D1The rate mu-factor of respectively first heat exchange control unit, the time of integration
And derivative time.
Input signal is adjusted by pid algorithm regulating thermostatic water flow:
Wherein, v1(k)(t) constant temperature water flow adjusts input signal, v when running for kth1(k+1)It (t) is the K+1 times operation
Shi Hengwen water flow adjusts input signal.
Subtracter S2Output end be divided into two-way, all the way with iterative learning controller ILC2Input terminal connection, another way warp
Cross proportional-integral derivative controller PID2Connection, iterative learning controller ILC2Output end and proportional integral differential control
Device PID1It connects, the proportional-integral derivative controller PID in the second heat exchange control unit2With the second job control valve 18 by
Control end connection.Refrigeration machine 20 use coolant refrigeration mode, refrigerant is stored in advance in surge tank 19, by volume control device into
Enter the refrigerant circulation that the second heat-exchanger rig 7 controls to reach stable state, by heat exchange the hydrogen temperature of hot side extremely to make
Cold；Express delivery adjusting is carried out to 7 inlet temperature of the second heat-exchanger rig by the flow that flow control changes refrigerant.Third temperature passes
Sensor 8 detects the second heat-exchanger rig 7 in the temperature value of inflation subsystem pipeline upper outlet, and is transmitted to subtracter S2In, subtraction
Device S2It carries out 7 Outlet Temperature value of the second heat-exchanger rig and reference temperature value to make difference operation, and operation result is transmitted to iteration
Learning controller ILC2, proportional-integral derivative controller PID2.Dynamic tuning is carried out to pid parameter by ILC algorithm, is passed through
Pid algorithm, which is adjusted, adjusts input signal with reference to cold medium flux, corrects practical second heat-exchanger rig 7 and goes out on inflation subsystem pipeline
Mouth temperature value makes the second heat-exchanger rig 7 gradually approach desired reference input letter in inflation subsystem pipeline upper outlet temperature signal
Number.
Basic control formula is as follows:
Subtracter S when system kth time operation2It exports between 7 outlet temperature actual value of the second heat-exchanger rig and reference value
Deviation e2(k)(t):
e2(k)(t)=Td(k)-T2(k)(t)
Wherein, Td(k)The reference value of 7 outlet temperature of the second heat-exchanger rig, that is, detect gas cylinder when running for system kth time
Target temperature, T2(k)(t) reality of second heat-exchanger rig 7 in inflation subsystem pipeline upper outlet temperature when being run for system kth time
Actual value.It is required that the T for the real time temperature that system is transmitted in the interior third temperature sensor 8 of time t ∈ [0, T]2(k)(t) tracking expectation is defeated
T outd(k)。T2(k)(t) with T in Fig. 22It indicates.
Pass through iterative learning controller ILC2To pid parameter dynamic tuning:
K2(k+1)(t)=L2[K2(k)(t),e2(k)(t)]
I2(k+1)(t)=L2[I2(k)(t),e2(k)(t)]
D2(k+1)(t)=L2[D2(k)(t),e2(k)(t)]
Wherein, L2For law of learning, K2、I2And D2Respectively second heat exchange control unit rate mu-factor, the time of integration and
Derivative time.
Cold medium flux, which is adjusted, by pid algorithm adjusts input signal:
Wherein, v2(k)(t) cold medium flux adjusts input signal, v when running for kth2(k+1)(t) be the K+1 times operation when
Cold medium flux adjusts input signal.
The autonomous control subsystem includes industrial personal computer, and industrial personal computer passes through temperature sensor and pressure sensing in each system
The opening and closing of the feedback signal control pneumatic control valve of device carries out automatically controlling.Iterative learning controller ILC0Input terminal and subtraction
Device S2Target temperature T in output end, test gas cylinderdConnection, iterative learning controller ILC0Output end and subtracter S1Input terminal
Connection.Pass through iterative learning controller ILC0The reference temperature value of water cooling plant outlet is dynamically distributed.Basic control is public
Formula is as follows:
Subtracter S2Export the deviation between the second heat-exchanger rig outlet temperature actual value and reference value:
e2(k)(t)=Td(k)-T2(k)(t)
Wherein, Td(k)For temperature reference value in test gas cylinder, T2(k)It (t) is the actual value of the second heat-exchanger rig outlet temperature,
Subscript k indicates kth time operating value.It is required that the real time temperature that system is transmitted in the interior third temperature sensor 8 of time t ∈ [0, T]
T2(k)(t) desired output T is trackedd(k)。T2(k)With T in Fig. 22It indicates.
Pass through iterative learning controller ILC0Water cooling plant outlet reference temperature value is dynamically distributed:
Td1(k)=L0[Td(k),e2(k)(t)]
Wherein, L0For law of learning, Td1(k)For the reference value of 5 outlet temperature of the first heat-exchanger rig, Td(k)For in test gas cylinder
Temperature reference value.
Valve group in the inflation subsystem includes the first manual cut-off being arranged on 5 front tube road of the first heat-exchanger rig
Valve 3, gas flow control valve 1, the second hand stop valve 10 in 7 back end line of the second heat-exchanger rig and prevent gas backstreaming
First check valve 11.
Gas is by successively opening gas flow control valve 1, the first heat-exchanger rig 5 and the second heat-exchanger rig 7 in pressure pan
It is inflated into test gas cylinder.By flow control valve, flowmeter, control subsystem 27, safety vent subsystem to being flushed with hydrogen
The duration of process and rate of pressure rise are controlled；It is real under the action of the first temperature control subsystem by the first heat-exchanger rig 5
Existing second heat-exchanger rig, 7 inlet temperature is kept constant；By the second heat-exchanger rig 7 will test gas cylinder inlet temperature be quickly down to-
40 DEG C, and keep stable.
Embodiment 2
Use the method for fast aeration chilldown system in embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:
Before S1, experiment, 23 pairs of inflation subsystems of vacuum pump 22 and vacuum control valve and peace are controlled by control subsystem 27
Full emptying subsystem carries out recyclegas displacement, until reaching gas purity requirement.
S2, the valve group inflated in subsystem is opened, to gas is filled in test gas cylinder, control subsystem 27 obtains inflation
The first flowmeter 2 that is arranged on system pipeline, the first temperature sensor 4, multiple second temperature sensors 6, pressure sensor 9
Corresponding output electric signal.
The different refrigeration effect of S3, selection controls different equipment work, iterative learning controller ILC0Output temperature
Reference signal is spent into the subtracter S in the corresponding equipment opened, and passes through the iterative learning in corresponding heat exchange control unit
Controller IIC realizes that the preferred temperature value in corresponding temperature control subsystem, all heat exchange control units are calculated by pid algorithm
The aperture of corresponding job control valve is out to control the uninterrupted in corresponding temperature control subsystem.
After S4, experiment, control subsystem 27 by emptying 25 active pressure release of control valve, and by high pressure gas discharge to
Air accumulator.
In step s3, when selecting refrigeration effect to freeze for room temperature, gas flow control valve 1 is opened, first manual is cut
Only valve 3, the second hand stop valve 10 carry out filling hydrogen to test gas cylinder using high-pressure air source in pressure pan；Son is controlled simultaneously
System 27 passes through first flow 2, the first temperature sensor 4, second temperature sensor 6, third temperature sensor 8, pressure sensing
Device 9 and second flowmeter 13 monitor the second heat-exchanger rig 7 respectively and are inflating subsystem pipeline upper inlet flow, inlet temperature, going out
Mouth temperature, test gas cylinder inlet temperature and pressure, 15 rate of discharge of Thermostating water device；Control subsystem 27 is according to first flowmeter
2 and pressure sensor 9 measured value, flow and pressure are flushed with hydrogen to control by adjusting gas flow control valve 1；Control subsystem
27, by the first temperature sensor 4, the measured value of second temperature sensor 6 and second flowmeter 13, are transmitted to subtracter S1In, subtract
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass S1Second heat-exchanger rig 7 is carried out making difference operation in inflation subsystem pipeline upper outlet temperature value and reference temperature value, and
Operation result is transmitted to iterative learning controller ILC1, proportional-integral derivative controller PID1.PID is joined by ILC algorithm
Number carries out dynamic tuning, adjusts input signal using pid algorithm regulating thermostatic water flow, corrects practical first heat-exchanger rig 5 and goes out
Mouth temperature value adjusts the first job control valve 14 to control the flow of thermostatted water, keeps the second heat-exchanger rig 7 under the overall leadership in inflation subsystem
Road outlet temperature signal gradually approaches desired reference-input signal, to reach stable 5 outlet temperature of the first heat-exchanger rig, and
It is maintained between 15~25 DEG C.
When selecting refrigeration effect for cryogenic refrigeration, gas flow control valve 1, first manual shut-off valve 3, second-hand are opened
Dynamic shut-off valve 10 carries out filling hydrogen to test gas cylinder using high-pressure air source in pressure pan；Control subsystem 27 passes through the simultaneously
Flow meters 2, the first temperature sensor 4, second temperature sensor 6, third temperature sensor 8, pressure sensor 9, second
Meter 13 and third flowmeter 17 monitor 7 inlet flow rate of the second heat-exchanger rig and temperature, outlet temperature and pressure, thermostatted water respectively
7 import cold medium flux of 15 rate of discharge of device and the second heat-exchanger rig；Pass through iterative learning controller ILC0To the first heat exchange dress
The reference temperature value of the reference temperature value and the outlet of the second heat-exchanger rig 7 of setting 5 outlets is dynamically distributed.Control subsystem 27
According to the measured value of first flowmeter 2 and pressure sensor 9, flow and pressure are flushed with hydrogen to control by adjusting gas flow control valve 1
Power；Control subsystem 27 controls the flow of thermostatted water by adjusting the first job control valve 14, is changed with reaching stable first
5 outlet temperature of thermal, and it is maintained at about 15 DEG C (± 2 DEG C)；Control subsystem 27 is by second temperature sensor 6, third temperature
The measured value of sensor 8 and third flowmeter 17 is transmitted in subtracter S2, and control subsystem 27 adjusts the second job control valve
18 control refrigerant storage in surge tank 19 and enter the cold medium flux of the second heat-exchanger rig 7, export the second heat-exchanger rig 7
Temperature signal gradually approaches desired reference-input signal, to realize that 7 outlet temperature of the second heat-exchanger rig is quickly down to about -40 DEG C
(± 2 DEG C), and keep stable.
The present invention for high pressure storage tank outlet pressure, temperature and flow all in continually changing situation, it is (preceding using water cooling
Grade) and refrigerant precooling (rear class) classification Pre-cooling Mode.First heat-exchanger rig 5 and the first temperature control subsystem are by adjusting thermostatted water
Flow keep the inlet temperature of the second heat-exchanger rig 7 stable or realize the test process of room temperature pre-cooling.Second temperature control subsystem
System be down to 7 outlet temperature of the second heat-exchanger rig can quickly near -40 DEG C by way of storage refrigerant and adjustment flow, and protect
It is fixed to keep steady；Power, volume and the cost of refrigeration machine 20 are reduced simultaneously.The present invention solves tired for mounted gas cylinder hydrogen circulation
The bottleneck problem of demand is pre-chilled in labor test under variable working condition, and provides the classification pre-cooling control during a kind of rapid hydrogen charging
Method.
The present invention makes full use of intercycle (whole system charge and discharge hydrogen for the operating condition of pressure pan outlet alternating temperature, variable-flow
The cycle period > 30min of process, wherein it is flushed with hydrogen 3~5min of process, hydrogen release process > 30min), by refrigeration machine and second
Increase surge tank 19 between heat-exchanger rig 7 to prestore refrigerant, while cold medium flux is controlled using regulating valve, may be implemented
Test gas cylinder inlet temperature is quickly down near -40 DEG C, and keeps stable；And reduce the power of refrigeration machine 20, volume and
Cost.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to limit the invention creation, all in the present invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the guarantor of the invention within the spirit and principle of creation
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. fast aeration chilldown system, which is characterized in that the system includes inflation subsystem, N number of temperature control subsystem, the inflation
Be provided on the pipeline of subsystem with N number of one-to-one heat-exchanger rig of temperature control subsystem, valve group, are additionally provided on pipeline
Flow meters (2), sensor are also connected with test gas cylinder in the end of pipeline；Each temperature control subsystem include with it is corresponding
The equipment of heat-exchanger rig formation loop, the job control valve being arranged on the loop and several flowmeters, system further include
The control being connect respectively with the controlled end of valve group, first flowmeter (2), sensor, equipment, job control valve, flowmeter
Subsystem (27), the corresponding temperature control subsystem of multiple heat-exchanger rigs along gas flow direction, on the inflation subsystem pipeline
System refrigerating capacity gradually increases.
2. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that system further includes vacuumizing subsystem,
It is described vacuumize subsystem be arranged in inflation subsystem end pipeline a bifurcated on, be provided in the branch make entirely be
Unite into vacuum pump (22), the vacuum control valve (23) of vacuum state, the control subsystem (27) also with vacuum pump (22), vacuum
The controlled end of control valve (23) connects.
3. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include safety vent subsystem, institute
It include being connected on pipeline in the branch on a bifurcated for stating the end pipeline that inflation subsystem is arranged in safety vent subsystem
On emptying control valve (25) and only allow from inflation subsystem export third check valve (26), be connected in parallel on emptying control valve
(25) safety valve (24) at both ends, the pipeline of third check valve (26) output end are sealedly connected with air accumulator, the control subsystem
System (27) is also connect with the controlled end of emptying control valve (25).
4. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat-exchanger rig uses sleeve
Formula.
5. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sensor includes temperature sensor
Group and pressure sensor (9), the temperature sensor group includes the temperature sensor for measuring each heat-exchanger rig both ends, adjacent
A temperature sensor is shared on pipeline between two heat-exchanger rigs, pressure sensor (9) test side is arranged last
In the output end pipe of one heat-exchanger rig.
6. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the control subsystem (27) include with
N number of temperature control subsystem one-to-one multiple heat exchange control units, iterative learning controller ILC0；
The heat exchange control unit includes subtracter S, iterative learning controller ILC, proportional-integral derivative controller PID；
Iterative learning controller ILC0Including two input terminals and and output end, output end number it is fewer by one than temperature control subsystem number
A, one of input terminal input reference, this reference value is to detect the target temperature T of gas cylinderd, another input terminal and N
The input terminal connection of the iterative learning controller ILC of a heat exchange control unit, output end is respectively in preceding N-1 heat exchange control unit
Subtracter S subtrahend end connection；
The minuend end of subtrahend device S in corresponding heat exchange control unit is arranged with the output end of the heat-exchanger rig of corresponding effect respectively
Temperature sensor signal end connection；The output end of subtracter S is divided into two-way, defeated with iterative learning controller ILC all the way
Enter end connection, another way pass through proportional-integral derivative controller PID connection, the output end of iterative learning controller ILC and than
The PID connection of example-integral-derivative controller, it is each heat exchange control unit in proportional-integral derivative controller PID with it is corresponding
The controlled end of job control valve in temperature control subsystem connects.
7. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inflation subsystem further includes setting
First manual shut-off valve (3), gas flow control valve (1), setting on first heat-exchanger rig front tube road is at last
The second hand stop valve (10) in a heat-exchanger rig back end line and the first check valve (11) for preventing gas backstreaming.
8. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature control subsystem be 2, first
Equipment in a temperature control subsystem is Thermostating water device (15).
9. fast aeration chilldown system according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the work in second temperature control subsystem
Device includes the refrigeration machine (20) and surge tank (19) to form loop, and the surge tank (19) forms ring with second heat-exchanger rig
The controlled end on road, the refrigeration machine (20) is connect with control subsystem (27).
10. using the method for fast aeration chilldown system as claimed in claim 6, which comprises the following steps:
Before S1, experiment, by control subsystem (27) control vacuum pump (22) and vacuum control valve (23) to inflation subsystem with
Safety vent subsystem carries out recyclegas displacement, until reaching gas purity requirement；
S2, the valve group inflated in subsystem is opened, to gas is filled in test gas cylinder, control subsystem (27) obtains inflation subsystem
The first flowmeter (2) of road setting under the overall leadership, the first temperature sensor (4), multiple second temperature sensors (6), pressure sensing
The corresponding output electric signal of device (9)；
The different refrigeration effect of S3, selection controls different equipment work, iterative learning controller ILC0Output temperature ginseng
Examine signal TdInto the subtracter S in the corresponding equipment opened, pass through the iterative learning control in corresponding heat exchange control unit
Device IIC processed realizes that the preferred temperature value in corresponding temperature control subsystem, all heat exchange control units are calculated by pid algorithm
The aperture of corresponding job control valve is to control the uninterrupted in corresponding temperature control subsystem；
After S4, experiment, control subsystem (27) by emptying control valve (25) active pressure release, and by high pressure gas discharge to
Air accumulator.
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| CN112211687A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-12 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | For supercritical CO2Multistage emptying and recycling integrated system of Brayton cycle |
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