CN112211687B - For supercritical CO 2 Multistage emptying and recycling integrated system of Brayton cycle - Google Patents

For supercritical CO 2 Multistage emptying and recycling integrated system of Brayton cycle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112211687B
CN112211687B CN202010864804.1A CN202010864804A CN112211687B CN 112211687 B CN112211687 B CN 112211687B CN 202010864804 A CN202010864804 A CN 202010864804A CN 112211687 B CN112211687 B CN 112211687B
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pressure
section
stage
valve
subsystem
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CN112211687A (en
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郭晓璐
范志超
徐鹏
徐双庆
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Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Special Equipment Inspection Station Co ltd
Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
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Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Special Equipment Inspection Station Co ltd
Hefei General Machinery Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K19/00—Regenerating or otherwise treating steam exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
    • F17D1/04—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for distribution of gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for supercritical CO 2 Multistage unloading and recovery integrated system of brayton cycle. The system comprises the following components: an air intake subsystem for providing a source of exhaust gas; the multi-stage emptying subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and is used for discharging the exhaust pressure of the air inlet subsystem to a safe range; the recycling subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and used for storing the air outlet of the air inlet subsystem when the air outlet subsystem needs to be stored or is not allowed to be discharged; and the automatic control subsystem is used for automatically controlling the gas inlet subsystem, the multi-stage emptying subsystem and the recovery subsystem to realize the automatic work of gas pressure reduction and discharge or recovery and storage. The invention solves the problem of using the supercritical CO 2 The problems of dry ice generation and blockage in the multi-working-condition emptying process and heat recycling in the recovery process in the Brayton cycle are solved, and the control system suitable for multi-stage pressure reduction emptying and recovery integration under the multi-working-condition is provided.

Description

For supercritical CO 2 Multistage emptying and recycling integrated system of Brayton cycle
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy power generation, and particularly relates to a supercritical CO generator 2 Multistage unloading and recovery integrated system of brayton cycle.
Background
Supercritical CO 2 The Brayton cycle technology is a leading-edge technology for comprehensively utilizing energy sources such as nuclear energy, solar energy, industrial waste heat, geothermal energy, thermal power and the like in the future, and is an important method for improving the energy utilization rate and reducing the environmental pollution. For example, in the field of thermal power generation, supercritical CO 2 Compared with the application of more steam Rankine cycles and helium Brayton cycles, the recompression Brayton cycle technology has higher thermal efficiency and medium density under the same conditions (the pressure is 8-25 MPa and the temperature is 450-650 ℃), and simultaneously can reduce the sizes of a compressor, a heat exchanger and a turbine, so that the system is more compact and is easy to modularize and construct. To facilitate maintenance of the system and to deal with emergency situations, the flare system is in supercritical CO 2 The circulation system is an important pressure relief system; in CO 2 During emptying, the problems of large temperature drop and dry ice blockage are easily caused by the throttling expansion effect, so that the emptying system can have a brittle fracture problem; at the same time, the released CO is vented 2 May cause serious injuries such as asphyxia to people in a certain range and increase CO in the atmosphere 2 And (4) content. To ensure the safety of the venting process and to consider reducing CO 2 Emission and recycle problems to CO 2 The reasonable design of the emptying and recovery system has important significance.
Due to supercritical CO 2 The particularity of the properties that the existing other gas emptying or recovering device is not suitable for supercritical CO 2 Brayton cycle systems, are not of great reference value. In published patent, no supercritical CO is found 2 The emptying and recovery integrated design of the Brayton cycle under the multi-working-condition lacks a multi-stage emptying system for preventing the generation and blockage of dry ice in the emptying process and the consideration of heat exchange between a heat exchanger in the recovery process and a heater in the emptying process.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the inventionAims at realizing supercritical CO 2 Multi-stage emptying for preventing dry ice from being generated and blocked and CO for reducing heat waste under various working conditions in Brayton cycle 2 The invention provides a recovery process for supercritical CO 2 Multistage unloading and recovery integrated system of brayton cycle.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
for supercritical CO 2 The multistage emptying and recovery integrated system of the Brayton cycle comprises the following components:
an induction subsystem for providing a source of exhaust gases;
the multi-stage emptying subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and is used for discharging the exhaust pressure of the air inlet subsystem to a safe range;
the recycling subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and used for storing the air outlet of the air inlet subsystem when the air outlet subsystem needs to be stored or is not allowed to be discharged;
and the automatic control subsystem is used for automatically controlling the gas inlet subsystem, the multi-stage emptying subsystem and the recovery subsystem to realize the automatic work of gas pressure reduction and discharge or recovery and storage.
Preferably, the air intake subsystem comprises a low-pressure section air intake line and a high-pressure section air intake line;
the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of low-pressure pipe sections which are connected in parallel and have different working conditions, a low-pressure shutoff valve is arranged on each low-pressure pipe section, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air inlet side of each low-pressure pipe section on the low-pressure pipe shutoff valve; the total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline is provided with a low-pressure one-way valve connected with the multi-stage emptying subsystem;
the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of high-pressure pipe sections which are connected in parallel and have different working conditions, a high-pressure shutoff valve is arranged on each high-pressure pipe section, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air inlet side of each high-pressure pipe section on the high-pressure pipe shutoff valve; and the total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline is provided with a high-pressure one-way valve connected with the multi-stage emptying subsystem.
Preferably, the multistage emptying subsystem comprises a first-stage decompression section, a second-stage regulation decompression section, a heating section, a third-stage decompression section and a silencing section;
the first-stage pressure reduction section is arranged between the total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline and the total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline, the inlet end of the first-stage pressure reduction section is connected with the outlet end of the high-pressure one-way valve, and the outlet end of the first-stage pressure reduction section is connected with the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve;
the inlet end of the second-stage regulating pressure-reducing section is connected with the outlet end of the first-stage pressure-reducing section, and the outlet end of the second-stage regulating pressure-reducing section is sequentially connected with the heating section, the third-stage pressure-reducing section and the silencing section along the pressure-releasing direction;
the gas of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline sequentially passes through the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section, the heating section, the third-stage pressure reduction section and the silencing section and then is discharged to the atmosphere, secondary pressure reduction is carried out through the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section and the third-stage pressure reduction section, and the secondary pressure reduction ratio is set based on the temperature and the pressure value of the gas of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline; at the moment, the heating section determines the heating power required by the heater through the gas flow of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline, the gas temperature and the pressure value of the heater inlet and the temperature and the pressure value of the heating oil inlet and outlet of the heater;
the gas of the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline is discharged to the atmosphere after sequentially passing through a first-stage pressure reduction section, a second-stage regulation pressure reduction section, a heating section, a third-stage pressure reduction section and a silencing section; carrying out three-stage pressure reduction through the first-stage pressure reduction section, the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section and the third-stage pressure reduction section, and setting a three-stage pressure reduction ratio based on the temperature and pressure value of gas of a high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline; at the moment, the heating section determines the heating power required by the heater in the three-stage decompression process through the gas flow of the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline, the temperature and the pressure value of the heater inlet gas and the temperature and the pressure value of the heater heating oil inlet and outlet.
Preferably, the first-stage pressure reduction section comprises a first-stage shutoff valve, a first-stage pressure reduction valve and a first-stage one-way valve which are sequentially connected in the pressure reduction direction;
the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section comprises a second-stage regulation flow regulating valve, a second-stage regulation flowmeter, a second-stage regulation temperature sensor and a second-stage regulation pressure sensor which are sequentially arranged along the pressure relief direction;
the heating section comprises a heater, a heating section inlet temperature sensor, a heating section outlet temperature sensor, a heating section inlet pressure sensor and a heating section outlet pressure sensor, wherein the heater adopts a mixing mode of electric heating and oil heating, and the heating section temperature sensor and the heating section pressure sensor are heating oil inlet and outlet temperature and pressure measuring points of the heater;
the third-stage pressure reducing section comprises a third-stage first temperature sensor, a third-stage first pressure sensor, a third-stage pressure reducing valve, a third-stage second temperature sensor and a third-stage second pressure sensor which are sequentially arranged along the pressure reducing direction;
the silencing section comprises a silencer and a silencing section one-way valve which are sequentially arranged along the pressure relief direction, and an outlet of the silencing section one-way valve is connected to the atmosphere.
Preferably, the recovery subsystem comprises a recovery pressure regulating section, a pre-cooling section, a pressurizing section, a storage section and a vacuumizing section which are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction;
the recovery pressure regulating section is arranged between the total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline and the total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline, and the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the first-stage pressure reducing section in parallel; the inlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve, and the outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the outlet end of the high-pressure one-way valve;
the inlet end of the precooling section is connected with the outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section, and the outlet end of the precooling section is sequentially connected with the pressurizing section, the storage section and the vacuumizing section along the gas flow direction; and the outlet end of the vacuumizing section is communicated with the second-stage regulating pressure reducing section through a single-return valve group.
Preferably, the recovery pressure regulating section comprises a recovery pressure regulating shutoff valve, a recovery pressure regulating check valve, a recovery pressure regulating valve, a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter, a recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor and a recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor which are arranged in sequence along the gas flow direction;
the pre-cooling section comprises a pre-cooling heat exchanger, a tube pass inlet of the pre-cooling heat exchanger is connected with an outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section, and a tube pass outlet of the pre-cooling heat exchanger is connected with the pressurizing section; the precooling section also comprises a constant temperature oil device, a precooling regulating valve, a precooling flowmeter and a precooling shutoff valve which are sequentially arranged and connected with the shell pass of the precooling heat exchanger to form a precooling circulation loop, wherein the output temperature of the constant temperature oil device is normal temperature;
the supercharging section comprises a supercharging temperature sensor, a supercharging pressure sensor, a supercharging pump and a supercharging shutoff valve, wherein the supercharging temperature sensor, the supercharging pressure sensor and the supercharging pump are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, and the supercharging pump and the supercharging shutoff valve are connected in parallel and then connected with the inlet end of the storage section;
the storage section comprises a storage shutoff valve, a storage temperature sensor, a storage pressure sensor, a storage tank, a first storage tank outlet shutoff valve and a second storage tank outlet shutoff valve, wherein the storage shutoff valve is connected with a storage tank inlet after passing through the storage temperature sensor and the storage pressure sensor; the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve and the second storage tank outlet shutoff valve are both directly communicated with the storage tank;
the vacuumizing section comprises a vacuumizing shut-off valve, a vacuum pump and a single-return valve group which are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, the single-return valve group comprises a vacuumizing first one-way valve and a vacuumizing second one-way valve which are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, the inlet end of the vacuumizing shut-off valve is connected with the outlet end of the pressurizing section, the outlet end of the vacuumizing shut-off valve is communicated with a connecting pipe section between the second storage tank outlet shut-off valve and the vacuum pump, and namely the vacuumizing shut-off valve is connected with the storage section in parallel; the outlet end of the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve is communicated with a connecting pipe section between the first vacuumizing one-way valve and the second vacuumizing one-way valve; and the outlet end of the vacuumizing second one-way valve is communicated with the outlet end of the second-stage regulating flow regulating valve.
Preferably, the shell side of the pre-cooling heat exchanger is communicated with the shell side of the heater in the heating section and forms an integral circulation loop.
Preferably, gas from the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline enters the tube side of the precooling heat exchanger to exchange heat with constant-temperature oil in the shell side of the precooling heat exchanger after being stabilized by a recovery pressure-regulating one-way valve; based on the measured values of a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter, a precooling flowmeter, a recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor, a supercharging temperature sensor, a storage temperature sensor, a heating section inlet temperature sensor, a heating section outlet temperature sensor, a recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor, a supercharging pressure sensor, a storage pressure sensor, a heating section inlet pressure sensor and a heating section outlet pressure sensor, the outlet flow of the constant temperature oil device is regulated through a precooling regulating valve;
the gas passing through the precooling heat exchanger firstly passes through a pressurization shut-off valve and a storage shut-off valve in sequence and directly enters the storage tank, when the pressure of the gas is close to the pressure in the storage tank, the pressurization shut-off valve is closed, and the booster pump is started to continuously input the gas into the storage tank for storage;
when the recycling subsystem is vacuumized, when the storage tank contains high-pressure gas, the shut-off valve, the storage shut-off valve, the first storage tank outlet shut-off valve, the second storage tank outlet shut-off valve and the second-stage flow regulating valve on the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline are all closed, other valves are opened, and the vacuum pump vacuumizes the recycling subsystem through the vacuumizing shut-off valve;
when the storage tank needs to discharge gas, the gas enters the emptying subsystem through the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve and is finally discharged to the atmosphere.
Preferably, when the gas from the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline needs to be stored, the recycling subsystem is repeatedly vacuumized for multiple times through the vacuum pump to achieve CO 2 The gas pumped by the vacuum pump is exhausted to the atmosphere through an exhaust subsystem when the purity is required; when the recovery subsystem reaches CO 2 The gas can be input into a storage tank for storage when the purity is required.
Preferably, the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises three low-pressure pipe sections, and the working conditions of the three low-pressure pipe sections are (8-10MPa, 30-100 ℃), (8-10MPa, 100-200 ℃), and (8-10 MPa, 400-500 ℃);
the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises three high-pressure pipe sections, and the working conditions of the three high-pressure pipe sections are respectively (24-25MPa, 50-100 ℃), (24-25MPa, 100-200 ℃), and (24-25 MPa, 400-600 ℃).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the present invention is directed to supercritical CO 2 Under the Brayton cycle multi-working condition of ((8-10MPa, 30-100 ℃), (8-10MPa, 100-200 ℃), (8-10MPa, 400-500 ℃), (24-25MPa, 50-100 ℃), (24-25MPa, 100-200 ℃), and (24-25MPa, 400-600 ℃), a mode of combining multistage pressure reduction and emptying with heat recycling in the recovery process is adopted. The emptying subsystem respectively depressurizes the gas of the low-pressure section and the gas of the high-pressure section through two-stage decompression and three-stage decompression and reduces the risk of dry ice blockage in the emptying process by combining the preheating of the heater. The recovery subsystem directly fills the storage tank and passes through the booster pump after exchanging heat through the constant-temperature oil device, and continuously exchanges heat with the heater of the emptying subsystem through the oil medium after exchanging heat, thereby reducing CO 2 Venting reduces heater power. The invention solves the problem of using the supercritical CO 2 The problems of dry ice generation and blockage and heat recycling in the recovery process are prevented in the multi-working-condition emptying process in the Brayton cycle, and a control system suitable for multi-stage pressure reduction emptying and recovery integration under the multi-working conditions is provided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure:
e1, a heater; e2, a silencer; e3, a constant-temperature oil device; e4, precooling a heat exchanger; e5, a booster pump; e6, a storage tank; e7, a vacuum pump; e8, operating mode machine;
XV1 to XV3, low pressure shut-off valves; XV 4-XV 6, high pressure shut-off valve; XV7, first stage shutoff valve; XV8, recovery pressure regulating shut-off valve; XV9, storage shutoff valve; XV10, first tank outlet shutoff valve; XV11, second tank outlet shutoff valve; XV12, boost shut-off valve; XV13, vacuum pumping shut-off valve; XV14, pre-cool shut-off valve;
FV1, the second stage regulates the flow control valve; FV2, retrieve the pressure regulating damper; FV3, precool regulating valve;
RV1, a first-stage pressure reducing valve; RV2, a third-stage pressure reducing valve;
OV1, low pressure check valve; OV2, first stage check valve; OV3, high pressure check valve; OV4, a second vacuumizing one-way valve; OV5, a recovery pressure regulating one-way valve; OV6, a silencing section one-way valve; OV7, first one-way valve of evacuation
F1, a second-stage regulating flowmeter, F2 and a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter; f3, precooling a flowmeter;
T1-T3, low-pressure temperature sensor; T4-T6, high-pressure temperature sensor; t7, a second-stage temperature regulating sensor; t8, a third-stage first temperature sensor; t9, a third-stage second temperature sensor; t10, recovering a pressure regulating temperature sensor; t11, a supercharging temperature sensor; t12, storing a temperature sensor; t13, a heating section inlet temperature sensor; t14, a heating section outlet temperature sensor;
P1-P3, low pressure sensor; P4-P6, high pressure sensor; p7, a second-stage regulating pressure sensor; p8, a third-stage first pressure sensor; p9, a third-stage second pressure sensor; p10, recovering and pressure regulating pressure sensors; p11, a boost pressure sensor; p12, a storage pressure sensor; p13, a heating section inlet pressure sensor; p14, heating section outlet pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated emptying and recycling system of the present invention comprises: the system comprises an air inlet subsystem, a multi-stage emptying subsystem, a recovery subsystem and an automatic control subsystem. The air intake subsystem comprises a low-pressure section air intake pipeline and a high-pressure section air intake pipeline and is used for providing an exhaust source; the multistage emptying subsystem consists of a first-stage decompression section, a second-stage regulation decompression section, a heating section, a third-stage decompression section and a silencing section; the recovery subsystem consists of a pressure regulating section, a pre-cooling section, a pressurizing section, a storage section and a vacuumizing section; the automatic control subsystem consists of an industrial personal computer, a flow regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, a shut-off valve and a sensor in the whole integrated system, and signal lines for connecting a heater, a constant temperature oil device, a booster pump, a vacuum pump and various control valves and sensors.
The structure of each subsystem of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. Air intake subsystem
The induction subsystem is used for providing an exhaust gas source.
As shown in fig. 1, the induction subsystem includes a low pressure section induction line and a high pressure section induction line.
The low-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises three low-pressure sections which are connected in parallel and have different working conditions, wherein,
the working condition of the first low-pressure pipe section is (8-10MPa, 30-100 ℃), and the pipe section is sequentially provided with a low-pressure temperature sensor T1, a low-pressure sensor P1 and a low-pressure shutoff valve XV1;
the working condition of the second low-pressure pipe section is (8-10MPa, 100-200 ℃), and the pipe section is sequentially provided with a low-pressure temperature sensor T2, a low-pressure sensor P2 and a low-pressure shutoff valve XV2;
the working condition of the second low-pressure pipe section is (8-10MPa, 400-500 ℃), and the pipe section is sequentially provided with a low-pressure temperature sensor T3, a low-pressure sensor P3 and a low-pressure shutoff valve XV3;
the three low-pressure pipe sections are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the low-pressure one-way valve OV 1.
The high-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises three high-pressure pipe sections which are connected in parallel and have different working conditions, wherein,
the working condition of the first high-pressure pipe section is (24-25MPa, 50-100 ℃), and the pipe section is sequentially provided with a high-pressure temperature sensor T4, a high-pressure sensor P4 and a high-pressure shut-off valve XV4;
the working condition of the second high-pressure pipe section is (24-25MPa, 100-200 ℃), and the pipe section is sequentially provided with a high-pressure temperature sensor T5, a high-pressure sensor P5 and a high-pressure shut-off valve XV5;
the working condition of the second high-pressure pipe section is (24-25MPa, 400-600 ℃), and the pipe section is sequentially provided with a high-pressure temperature sensor T6, a high-pressure sensor P6 and a high-pressure shut-off valve XV6;
the three high-pressure pipe sections are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the high-pressure one-way valve OV 3.
2. Multi-stage emptying subsystem
And the multi-stage emptying subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and is used for discharging the exhaust pressure of the air inlet subsystem to a safe range.
The multi-stage venting subsystem in this embodiment includes a first stage pressure-reducing section, a second stage regulated pressure-reducing section, a heating section, a third stage pressure-reducing section, and a sound-deadening section.
As shown in fig. 1, the first-stage pressure reduction section is arranged between a total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline and a total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline, and specifically, the first-stage pressure reduction section comprises a first-stage shut-off valve XV7, a first-stage pressure reduction valve RV1 and a first-stage one-way valve OV2 which are sequentially connected in a pressure reduction direction; the inlet end of the first-stage shutoff valve XV7 is connected with the outlet end of the high-pressure one-way valve OV3, and the outlet end of the first-stage one-way valve OV2 is connected with the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve OV 1.
The second-stage regulation pressure reduction section comprises a second-stage regulation flow regulating valve FV1, a second-stage regulation flowmeter F1, a second-stage regulation temperature sensor T7 and a second-stage regulation pressure sensor P7 which are sequentially arranged along the pressure relief direction; the inlet end of the second-stage regulating flow regulating valve FV1 is connected with the outlet end of the first-stage one-way valve OV2 and the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve OV1, and the outlet end of the second-stage regulating pressure sensor P7 is connected with the tube side inlet of the heater E1 of the heating section.
The heating section comprises a heater E1, a heating section inlet temperature sensor T13, a heating section outlet temperature sensor T14, a heating section inlet pressure sensor P13 and a heating section outlet pressure sensor P14, wherein the heater adopts a mixed mode of electric heating and oil heating, and the heating section temperature sensor and the heating section pressure sensor are heating oil inlet and outlet temperature and pressure measuring points of the heater E1; and a tube pass outlet of the heater E1 is connected with a third-stage pressure reducing valve RV2 of a third-stage pressure reducing section.
The third-stage pressure reducing section comprises a third-stage first temperature sensor T8, a third-stage first pressure sensor P8, a third-stage pressure reducing valve RV2, a third-stage second temperature sensor T9 and a third-stage second pressure sensor P9 which are sequentially arranged along the pressure reducing direction; the outlet of the third stage pressure reducing valve RV2 is connected to the inlet of a muffler E2.
The silencing section comprises a silencer E2 and a silencing section one-way valve OV6 which are sequentially arranged along the pressure relief direction, and an outlet of the silencing section one-way valve OV6 is connected to the atmosphere.
The low-pressure section gas, namely the gas from the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline in sequence passes through the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section, the heating section, the third-stage pressure reduction section and the silencing section and then is discharged to the atmosphere; performing secondary pressure reduction through a secondary regulation pressure reduction section and a third pressure reduction section, and setting a secondary pressure reduction ratio based on the temperature and pressure value of a low-pressure section gas source; and determining the heating power required by the heater E1 by adjusting the gas flow measured by the flow meter F1, the temperature and pressure of the inlet gas of the tube pass of the heater E1 and the temperature and pressure values of the inlet and the outlet of the heating oil in the second stage.
The high-pressure section gas, namely the gas from the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline, sequentially passes through the first-stage decompression section, the second-stage regulation decompression section, the heating section, the third-stage decompression section and the silencing section and then is discharged to the atmosphere; performing three-stage pressure reduction through the first-stage pressure reduction section, the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section and the third-stage pressure reduction section, and setting a three-stage pressure reduction ratio based on the temperature and pressure value of the high-pressure section gas source; and determining the heating power required by the heater E1 in the three-stage pressure reduction process by adjusting the gas flow measured by the flow meter F1, the temperature and pressure of the inlet gas of the tube pass of the heater E1 and the temperature and pressure values of the inlet and the outlet of the heating oil in the second stage.
3. Recovery subsystem
The recovery subsystem comprises a recovery pressure regulating section, a pre-cooling section, a pressurizing section, a storage section and a vacuumizing section which are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction.
As shown in fig. 1, the recovery pressure regulating section is arranged between the total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline and the total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline, and the recovery pressure regulating section is arranged in parallel with the first-stage pressure reducing section; the inlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve OV1, and the outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the outlet end of the high-pressure one-way valve OV 3; specifically, the recovery pressure regulating section comprises a recovery pressure regulating shutoff valve XV8, a recovery pressure regulating one-way valve OV5, a recovery pressure regulating valve FV2, a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter F2, a recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor T10 and a recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor P10 which are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction;
the inlet end of the precooling section is connected with the outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section, and the outlet end of the precooling section is sequentially connected with the pressurizing section, the storage section and the vacuumizing section along the gas flow direction; and the outlet end of the vacuumizing section is communicated with the second-stage regulating pressure reducing section through a single-return valve group. Specifically, the pre-cooling section comprises a pre-cooling heat exchanger E4, a tube side inlet of the pre-cooling heat exchanger E4 is connected with an outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section, and a tube side outlet of the pre-cooling heat exchanger E4 is connected with the pressurizing section; the pre-cooling section also comprises a constant temperature oil device E3, a pre-cooling adjusting valve FV3, a pre-cooling flowmeter F3 and a pre-cooling cut-off valve XV14 which are connected with the shell pass of the pre-cooling heat exchanger E4 to form a pre-cooling circulation loop and are arranged in sequence, wherein the output temperature of the constant temperature oil device is normal temperature;
the supercharging section comprises a supercharging temperature sensor T11, a supercharging pressure sensor P11, a supercharging pump E5 and a supercharging shutoff valve XV12, wherein the supercharging temperature sensor T11, the supercharging pressure sensor P11 and the supercharging pump E5 are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, and the supercharging pump E5 and the supercharging shutoff valve XV12 are connected in parallel and then connected with the inlet end of the storage section;
the storage section comprises a storage shutoff valve XV9, a storage temperature sensor T12, a storage pressure sensor P12, a storage tank E6, a first storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV10 and a second storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV11, wherein the storage shutoff valve XV9 is connected with a storage tank inlet after passing through the storage temperature sensor T12 and the storage pressure sensor P12; the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV10 and the second storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV11 are both directly communicated with the storage tank E6;
the vacuumizing section comprises a vacuumizing shut-off valve XV13, a vacuum pump E7 and a single-return valve group which are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, the single-return valve group comprises a vacuumizing first one-way valve OV7 and a vacuumizing second one-way valve OV4 which are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, the inlet end of the vacuumizing shut-off valve XV13 is connected with the outlet end of the pressurizing section, the outlet end of the vacuumizing shut-off valve XV13 is communicated with a connecting pipe section between a second storage tank outlet shut-off valve XV11 and the vacuum pump E7, namely the vacuumizing shut-off valve XV13 is connected with the storage section in parallel; the outlet end of the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV10 is communicated with a connecting pipe section between the first vacuumizing one-way valve OV7 and the second vacuumizing one-way valve OV 4; and the outlet end of the vacuumizing second one-way valve OV4 is communicated with the outlet end of the second-stage regulating flow regulating valve FV 1.
And the shell side of the precooling heat exchanger E4 is communicated with the shell side of the heater E1 in the heating section to form an integral circulation loop.
When gas needs to be stored, the gas from the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline enters the tube side of the precooling heat exchanger E4 to exchange heat with the constant temperature oil in the shell side of the precooling heat exchanger E4 after being stabilized by a recovery pressure-regulating one-way valve OV 5; based on the measured values of recovery pressure regulating flowmeter F2, precooling flowmeter F3, recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor T10, supercharging temperature sensor T11, storage temperature sensor T12, heating section inlet temperature sensor T13, heating section outlet temperature sensor T14, recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor P10, supercharging pressure sensor P11, storage pressure sensor P12, heating section inlet pressure sensor P13 and heating section outlet pressure sensor P14, the outlet flow of constant temperature oil device E3 is regulated through precooling regulating valve FV 3. The gas passing through the precooling heat exchanger E4 firstly passes through a pressurization shut-off valve XV12 and a storage shut-off valve XV9 in sequence and directly enters the storage tank E6, when the pressure of the gas is close to the pressure in the storage tank, the pressurization shut-off valve XV12 is closed, and the booster pump E5 is started to continuously input the gas into the storage tank E6 for storage.
It should also be pointed out that, when it is necessary to store the gas coming from the low-pressure section intake line or the high-pressure section intake line, the recycling subsystem is first evacuated repeatedly by the vacuum pump E7 to CO 2 The gas pumped by the vacuum pump E7 is exhausted to the atmosphere through an air-release subsystem when the purity is required; when the recovery subsystem reaches CO 2 The gas may be fed to storage tank E6 for storage when purity is required.
When the recycling subsystem is vacuumized, when the storage tank E6 contains high-pressure gas, the shut-off valve, the storage shut-off valve XV9, the first storage tank outlet shut-off valve XV10, the second storage tank outlet shut-off valve XV11 and the second-stage regulating flow control valve FV1 on the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline are all closed, other valves are opened, and the vacuum pump E7 vacuumizes the recycling subsystem through the vacuumizing shut-off valve XV 13.
When the tank E6 needs to be vented, the gas is admitted to the venting subsystem through the first tank outlet shutoff valve XV10 and ultimately vented to atmosphere.
4. Automatic control subsystem
The automatic control subsystem comprises an industrial personal computer, a sensor, valve controllers such as a flow regulating valve, a pressure reducing valve, a shut-off valve and the like in the whole integrated system, and signal lines connected with a heater, a constant temperature oil device, a booster pump, a vacuum pump, each valve and the sensor; the industrial personal computer is respectively connected to the heater, the constant temperature oil device, the booster pump, the vacuum pump, each valve and the sensor through signal wires; the industrial personal computer controls the opening and closing of the shutoff valve, the regulation of the pressure reducing valve and the flow regulating valve, the input power of the heater, the output flow of the constant temperature oil device, and the operation of the booster pump and the vacuum pump through feedback signals of a flow meter, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor in the emptying and recovery system. The sensors comprise temperature and pressure sensors arranged on the air inlet pipelines of the low-pressure section and the high-pressure section of the air inlet subsystem; temperature and pressure sensors on an inlet and outlet pipeline of a heater of the multi-stage emptying subsystem and an outlet pipeline of the third-stage pressure reduction section; and temperature and pressure sensors on heat exchanger tube pass and shell pass inlet and outlet pipelines and storage tank inlet pipelines of the recovery subsystem.
The shutoff valve comprises a low-pressure section air inlet pipeline outlet of the air inlet subsystem and a high-pressure section air inlet pipeline outlet of the air inlet subsystem; a shutoff valve at the inlet of the first-stage pressure reduction section of the multi-stage emptying subsystem; and the shutoff valves of the pressure regulating section inlet, the booster pump inlet and outlet, the storage tank inlet and outlet and the vacuum pump inlet of the recovery subsystem. The regulating valves comprise regulating valves and flow meters on inlet and outlet pipelines of a heater of the multi-stage emptying subsystem, and regulating valves and flow meters on a heat exchanger tube side and shell side inlet pipelines of the recovery subsystem. The pressure relief valves include pressure relief valves on the outlet lines of the first and third stage pressure relief sections of the multi-stage blowdown subsystem. The check valve comprises a low-pressure section air inlet pipeline outlet and a high-pressure section air inlet pipeline outlet of the air inlet subsystem; the one-way valves are arranged at the outlet of the first-stage pressure reduction section and the outlet of the silencer of the multi-stage emptying subsystem; and the pressure regulating section of the recovery subsystem is provided with a regulating valve inlet and a one-way valve at a vacuumizing section outlet.
Working process of the invention
The process flow of the present invention is described in detail below:
1) Emptying process
(1) Emptying at a low-pressure section: selecting a low-pressure pipe section, opening a shut-off valve XV1 (or a shut-off valve XV2 or a shut-off valve XV 3), adjusting a flow regulating valve FV1 at the second stage, and supercritical CO 2 The low-pressure section air inlet pipeline enters the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline, enters a second-stage regulating flow regulating valve FV1 through a low-pressure one-way valve OV1 to carry out first pressure reduction, enters a heater E1 through a second-stage regulating flow meter F1, a second-stage regulating temperature sensor T7 and a second-stage regulating pressure sensor P7 to preheat, enters a third-stage pressure reducing valve RV2 to carry out second pressure reduction after reaching a certain temperature condition, measures the temperature and pressure values before entering a silencer E2, and finally discharges the pressure values to the atmosphere. And in the emptying process of the low-pressure section, the input power of the heater E1 and the flow and pressure reduction ratio of the second-stage regulation flow regulating valve FV1 and the third-stage pressure reducing valve RV2 are controlled by feedback signals of the inlet and outlet temperatures and pressures of the second-stage regulation flow meter F1, the heater and the third-stage pressure reducing valve RV 2.
(2) Emptying the high-pressure section: selecting a high-pressure pipe section, opening a shut-off valve XV4 (or a shut-off valve XV5 or a shut-off valve XV 6), a first-stage shut-off valve XV7, a second-stage regulating flow regulating valve FV1, and supercritical CO 2 The high-pressure-section air inlet pipeline enters the high-pressure-section air inlet pipeline, first pressure reduction is carried out through a first-stage shutoff valve XV7 and a first-stage pressure reducing valve RV1, then the high-pressure-section air inlet pipeline enters a second-stage regulating flow regulating valve FV1 through a first-stage one-way valve OV2 to carry out second pressure reduction, the high-pressure-section air inlet pipeline enters a heater E1 through a second-stage regulating flow meter F1, a second-stage regulating temperature sensor T7 and a second-stage regulating pressure sensor P7 to be preheated, the high-pressure-section air inlet pipeline enters a third-stage pressure reducing valve RV2 to carry out third pressure reduction after reaching a certain temperature condition, and finally the high-pressure-section air inlet pipeline is exhausted to the atmosphere through a silencer E2. During the emptying process of the high-pressure section, the input power of the heater, the flow rate and the decompression ratio of the regulating valve and the decompression valve are controlled by feedback signals of the temperature and the pressure of the inlet and the outlet of the flowmeter, the heater and the decompression valve.
3, emptying the storage tank: CO in the tank by opening the first tank outlet shut-off valve XV10 2 The waste gas enters a heater E1 for preheating through a first storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV10, a vacuumizing second one-way valve OV4, a second-stage adjusting flow meter F1, a second-stage adjusting temperature sensor T7 and a second-stage adjusting pressure sensor P7, enters a third-stage pressure reducing valve RV2 for pressure reduction after reaching a certain temperature condition, and is exhausted to the atmosphere through a third-stage second temperature sensor T9, a third-stage second pressure sensor P9 and a silencer E2.
2) Recovery process
(1) Gas replacement: supercritical CO will be used when storage is required or emissions are not allowed 2 And (4) conveying to a recovery subsystem. When the recycling subsystem is vacuumized, when the storage tank contains high-pressure gas, the low-pressure shutoff valves XV1 to XV3, the high-pressure shutoff valves XV4 to XV6, the storage shutoff valve XV9, the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV10, the second storage tank outlet shutoff valve XV11 and the second-stage regulating flow regulating valve FV1 are kept closed, other valves are opened, and the recycling subsystem is circularly vacuumized by the vacuum pump E7 to carry out CO recycling 2 By displacement to CO 2 The purity requirement is met, and the pumped gas is exhausted to the atmosphere through an emptying subsystem; when the recovery subsystem reaches CO 2 Supercritical CO when purity is required 2 The storage tank may be fed in.
(2) A direct charging process: opening a shut-off valve (namely one of low-pressure shut-off valves XV1 to XV3 and high-pressure shut-off valves XV4 to XV 6) which needs to be fed on a low-pressure pipe section or a high-pressure pipe section pipeline, a recovery pressure regulating shut-off valve XV8, a pressurization shut-off valve XV12, a storage shut-off valve XV9, and low-pressure section or high-pressure section supercritical CO 2 After being stabilized by a recovery pressure regulating valve FV2, the oil enters a precooling heat exchanger E4 to exchange heat with a constant-temperature oil device; based on the measured values of a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter F2, a precooling flowmeter F3, a recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor T10, a supercharging temperature sensor T11, a storage temperature sensor T12, a heating section inlet temperature sensor T13, a heating section outlet temperature sensor T14, a recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor P10, a supercharging pressure sensor P11, a storage pressure sensor P12, a heating section inlet pressure sensor P13 and a heating section outlet pressure sensor P14, the outlet flow of the constant temperature oil device is regulated through a precooling regulating valve FV 3; supercritical CO passing through low-pressure section or high-pressure section of precooling heat exchanger E4 2 Directly enters the storage tank through a pressurization shut-off valve XV12 and a storage shut-off valve XV 9.
(3) And (3) a pressurization process: at the later stage of the direct charging process when supercritical CO is generated from the low-pressure section or the high-pressure section 2 When the pressure is close to the medium pressure in the storage tank, the pressurization shut-off valve XV12 is closed, the booster pump E5 is opened, and CO remained in the system is continuously input 2 And entering a storage tank.
According to the invention, aiming at the supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle multi-working condition, the risk of dry ice blockage in the emptying process is reduced by combining multi-stage pressure reduction and emptying with the preheating of the heater, and meanwhile, the mode that the constant temperature oil device exchanges heat with the heater of the emptying subsystem, and then the constant temperature oil device is directly filled into the storage tank and passes through the booster pump is utilized, so that the CO2 emission is reduced, and the power transmission power of the heater is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. For supercritical CO 2 Multistage unloading and recovery integrated system of brayton cycle, its characterized in that, this system includes following component:
an air intake subsystem for providing a source of exhaust gas;
the multi-stage emptying subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and is used for discharging the exhaust pressure of the air inlet subsystem to a safe range;
the recycling subsystem is connected with the air outlet side of the air inlet subsystem and used for storing the air outlet of the air inlet subsystem when the air outlet subsystem needs to be stored or is not allowed to be discharged;
the automatic control subsystem is used for automatically controlling the gas inlet subsystem, the multi-stage emptying subsystem and the recovery subsystem to realize the automatic work of gas pressure reduction and discharge or recovery and storage;
the air intake subsystem comprises a low-pressure section air intake pipeline and a high-pressure section air intake pipeline;
the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of low-pressure pipe sections which are connected in parallel and have different working conditions, a low-pressure shutoff valve is arranged on each low-pressure pipe section, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air inlet side of the low-pressure shutoff valve of each low-pressure pipe section; the total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline is provided with a low-pressure one-way valve (OV 1) connected with the multi-stage emptying subsystem;
the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of high-pressure pipe sections which are connected in parallel and have different working conditions, a high-pressure shutoff valve is arranged on each high-pressure pipe section, and a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the air inlet side of the high-pressure shutoff valve of each high-pressure pipe section; the total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline is provided with a high-pressure one-way valve (OV 3) connected with the multi-stage emptying subsystem;
the multistage emptying subsystem comprises a first-stage decompression section, a second-stage regulation decompression section, a heating section, a third-stage decompression section and a silencing section;
the first-stage pressure reduction section is arranged between the total gas outlet end of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline and the total gas outlet end of the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline, the inlet end of the first-stage pressure reduction section is connected with the outlet end of the high-pressure one-way valve (OV 3), and the outlet end of the first-stage pressure reduction section is connected with the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve (OV 1);
the inlet end of the second-stage regulation decompression section is connected with the outlet end of the first-stage decompression section, and the outlet end of the second-stage regulation decompression section is sequentially connected with the heating section, the third-stage decompression section and the silencing section along the pressure relief direction;
the gas of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline sequentially passes through the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section, the heating section, the third-stage pressure reduction section and the silencing section and then is discharged to the atmosphere, secondary pressure reduction is carried out through the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section and the third-stage pressure reduction section, and the secondary pressure reduction ratio is set based on the temperature and pressure value of the gas of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline; at the moment, the heating section determines the heating power required by the heater through the gas flow of the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline, the gas temperature and the pressure value of the heater inlet and the temperature and the pressure value of the heating oil inlet and outlet of the heater;
the gas in the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline sequentially passes through a first-stage pressure reduction section, a second-stage regulation pressure reduction section, a heating section, a third-stage pressure reduction section and a silencing section and then is discharged to the atmosphere; carrying out three-stage pressure reduction through the first-stage pressure reduction section, the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section and the third-stage pressure reduction section, and setting a three-stage pressure reduction ratio based on the temperature and pressure value of gas of a high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline; at the moment, the heating section determines the heating power required by the heater in the three-stage decompression process through the gas flow of the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline, the temperature and the pressure value of the heater inlet gas and the temperature and the pressure value of the heater heating oil inlet and outlet;
the first-stage pressure reduction section comprises a first-stage shut-off valve (XV 7), a first-stage pressure reduction valve (RV 1) and a first-stage one-way valve (OV 2) which are sequentially connected along the pressure reduction direction;
the second-stage regulation pressure reduction section comprises a second-stage regulation flow regulating valve (FV 1), a second-stage regulation flowmeter (F1), a second-stage regulation temperature sensor (T7) and a second-stage regulation pressure sensor (P7) which are arranged in sequence along the pressure reduction direction;
the heating section comprises a heater (E1), a heating section inlet temperature sensor (T13), a heating section outlet temperature sensor (T14), a heating section inlet pressure sensor (P13) and a heating section outlet pressure sensor (P14), wherein the heater adopts a mixing mode of electric heating and oil heating, and the heating section temperature sensor and the heating section pressure sensor are heating oil inlet and outlet temperature and pressure measuring points of the heater (E1);
the third-stage pressure reducing section comprises a third-stage first temperature sensor (T8), a third-stage first pressure sensor (P8), a third-stage pressure reducing valve (RV 2), a third-stage second temperature sensor (T9) and a third-stage second pressure sensor (P9) which are arranged in sequence along the pressure reducing direction;
the silencing section comprises a silencer (E2) and a silencing section one-way valve (OV 6) which are sequentially arranged along the pressure relief direction, and an outlet of the silencing section one-way valve (OV 6) is connected to the atmosphere.
2. The method of claim 1 for supercritical CO 2 The Brayton cycle multi-stage emptying and recovery integrated system is characterized in that the recovery subsystem comprises a recovery pressure regulating section, a pre-cooling section, a pressurizing section, a storage section and a vacuumizing section which are sequentially connected along the gas flow direction;
the recovery pressure regulating section is arranged between the total air outlet end of the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline and the total air outlet end of the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline, and the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the first-stage pressure reducing section in parallel; the inlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the outlet end of the low-pressure one-way valve (OV 1), and the outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section is connected with the outlet end of the high-pressure one-way valve (OV 3);
the inlet end of the precooling section is connected with the outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section, and the outlet end of the precooling section is sequentially connected with the pressurizing section, the storage section and the vacuumizing section along the gas flow direction; and the outlet end of the vacuumizing section is communicated with the second-stage regulating pressure reducing section through a single-return valve group.
3. The method for supercritical CO of claim 2 2 The multi-stage emptying and recycling integrated system of the Brayton cycle is characterized in that,
the recovery pressure regulating section comprises a recovery pressure regulating shutoff valve (XV 8), a recovery pressure regulating one-way valve (OV 5), a recovery pressure regulating valve (FV 2), a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter (F2), a recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor (T10) and a recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor (P10) which are sequentially arranged along the gas flow direction;
the pre-cooling section comprises a pre-cooling heat exchanger (E4), a tube pass inlet of the pre-cooling heat exchanger (E4) is connected with an outlet end of the recovery pressure regulating section, and a tube pass outlet of the pre-cooling heat exchanger (E4) is connected with the pressurizing section; the pre-cooling section also comprises a constant temperature oil device (E3), a pre-cooling adjusting valve (FV 3), a pre-cooling flowmeter (F3) and a pre-cooling cut-off valve (XV 14) which are connected with the shell side of the pre-cooling heat exchanger (E4) to form a pre-cooling circulation loop and are arranged in sequence, wherein the output temperature of the constant temperature oil device is normal temperature;
the supercharging section comprises a supercharging temperature sensor (T11), a supercharging pressure sensor (P11), a supercharging pump (E5) and a supercharging shutoff valve (XV 12), wherein the supercharging temperature sensor (T11), the supercharging pressure sensor (P11) and the supercharging pump (E5) are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, and the supercharging pump (E5) and the supercharging shutoff valve (XV 12) are connected in parallel and then connected with the inlet end of the storage section;
the storage section comprises a storage shutoff valve (XV 9), a storage temperature sensor (T12), a storage pressure sensor (P12), a storage tank (E6), a first storage tank outlet shutoff valve (XV 10) and a second storage tank outlet shutoff valve (XV 11), wherein the storage shutoff valve (XV 9) is connected with a storage tank inlet after passing through the storage temperature sensor (T12) and the storage pressure sensor (P12); the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve (XV 10) and the second storage tank outlet shutoff valve (XV 11) are both directly communicated with the storage tank (E6);
the vacuumizing section comprises a vacuumizing shut-off valve (XV 13), a vacuum pump (E7) and a single-return valve group which are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, the single-return valve group comprises a vacuumizing first one-way valve (OV 7) and a vacuumizing second one-way valve (OV 4) which are sequentially connected along the airflow direction, the inlet end of the vacuumizing shut-off valve (XV 13) is connected with the outlet end of the pressurizing section, the outlet end of the vacuumizing shut-off valve (XV 13) is communicated with a connecting pipe section between a second storage tank outlet shut-off valve (XV 11) and the vacuum pump (E7), namely the vacuumizing shut-off valve (XV 13) is connected with the storage section in parallel; the outlet end of the first storage tank outlet shutoff valve (XV 10) is communicated with a connecting pipe section between the first vacuumizing one-way valve (OV 7) and the second vacuumizing one-way valve (OV 4); the outlet end of the second vacuumizing one-way valve (OV 4) is communicated with the outlet end of the second-stage regulating flow regulating valve (FV 1).
4. Use according to claim 3 for supercritical CO 2 The brayton cycle multi-stage emptying and recovery integrated system is characterized in that the shell side of the precooling heat exchanger (E4) is communicated with the shell side of the heater (E1) in the heating section to form an integral circulation loop.
5. Use according to claim 3 for supercritical CO 2 The multi-stage emptying and recycling integrated system of the Brayton cycle is characterized in that,
gas from the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline is subjected to pressure stabilization through a recovery pressure-regulating one-way valve (OV 5) and then enters the tube side of the precooling heat exchanger (E4) to exchange heat with constant-temperature oil in the shell side of the precooling heat exchanger (E4); based on the measured values of a recovery pressure regulating flowmeter (F2), a precooling flowmeter (F3), a recovery pressure regulating temperature sensor (T10), a supercharging temperature sensor (T11), a storage temperature sensor (T12), a heating section inlet temperature sensor (T13), a heating section outlet temperature sensor (T14), a recovery pressure regulating pressure sensor (P10), a supercharging pressure sensor (P11), a storage pressure sensor (P12), a heating section inlet pressure sensor (P13) and a heating section outlet pressure sensor (P14), the outlet flow of a constant temperature oil device (E3) is regulated through a precooling regulating valve (FV 3);
the gas passing through the precooling heat exchanger (E4) firstly passes through a pressurization shut-off valve (XV 12) and a storage shut-off valve (XV 9) in sequence and directly enters the storage tank (E6), when the pressure of the gas is close to the pressure in the storage tank, the pressurization shut-off valve (XV 12) is closed, and the booster pump (E5) is started to continuously input the gas into the storage tank (E6) for storage;
when the recycling subsystem is vacuumized, when the storage tank (E6) contains high-pressure gas, the shut-off valve, the storage shut-off valve (XV 9), the first storage tank outlet shut-off valve (XV 10), the second storage tank outlet shut-off valve (XV 11) and the second-stage regulating flow regulating valve (FV 1) on the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline are all closed, other valves are opened, and the vacuum pump (E7) vacuumizes the recycling subsystem through the vacuumizing shut-off valve (XV 13);
when the tank (E6) requires venting of gas, the gas is admitted to the venting subsystem through a first tank outlet shutoff valve (XV 10) and ultimately vented to atmosphere.
6. For supercritical CO according to claim 5 2 The multi-stage emptying and recovery integrated system of the Brayton cycle is characterized in that when gas from the low-pressure section gas inlet pipeline or the high-pressure section gas inlet pipeline needs to be stored, the recovery subsystem is repeatedly vacuumized for multiple times through a vacuum pump (E7) to achieve CO 2 The gas pumped by the vacuum pump (E7) is exhausted to the atmosphere through an air-releasing subsystem when the purity is required; when the recovery subsystem reaches CO 2 The gas may be fed to a storage tank (E6) for storage when purity is required.
7. The method of claim 1 for supercritical CO 2 The integrated system for multistage emptying and recovery of Brayton cycle is characterized in that the low-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises three low-pressure sections, wherein the working conditions of the three low-pressure sections are (8-10MPa, 30-100 ℃), (8-10MPa, 100-200 ℃), (8-10MPa, 400-500 ℃);
the high-pressure section air inlet pipeline comprises three high-pressure pipe sections, and the working conditions of the three high-pressure pipe sections are respectively (24-25MPa, 50-100 ℃), (24-25MPa, 100-200 ℃), and (24-25MPa, 400-600 ℃).
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