CN109556959A - A kind of method for quantitative measuring of coating material system bond strength - Google Patents
A kind of method for quantitative measuring of coating material system bond strength Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring, it is related to material mechanical performance test and evaluation technical field, the total beam for being bonded with the coating material to be measured is arranged in this method first on two fulcrums, the composition of total beam is the substrate being arranged on two fulcrums, the transition zone of upper surface of substrate is set, the coat material layer of transition zone upper surface is set, the glue-line that coat material layer upper surface is arranged in and the buckstay that glue-line upper surface is arranged in mutually bond between adjacent each layer of total beam；Buckstay upper surface is located at the region between two fulcrums and applies two load, crackle is observed in the lower surface of coat material layer, Interface Crack germinating and the overall process along interface extension can be described, the characterization interfacial combined function index provided is only dependent upon coating material self character, unrelated with sample geometry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material mechanical performance test and evaluation technical fields, particularly relate to a kind of coating material system combination
The method for quantitative measuring of intensity.
Background technique
The large-sized powers such as modern gas turbines, aero-engine are equipped for improving the thermal efficiency and power performance, in hot end portion
Part has largely used thermal protection ceramic coating material.Coat system is in use for a long time by high temperature and the warm-of external applied load
Power synergy, in addition system material complicated composition itself and be easy to happen chemical reaction and performance deterioration, be easy in system
Biggish stress concentration phenomenon is generated at portion's fault location or more material interfaces, coating failure and failure mode are mainly shown as interface
Layering, unsticking and peeling etc..Bond strength is an important mechanical performance index for characterizing coat system reliability and durability,
Coating is strong and weak from the service life size for being largely fixed hot-end component in conjunction with substrate.System bond strength is got over
Height, toughness are better, it is meant that the ability for resisting crack initiation and propagation is stronger, shells from substrate to facilitate extension ceramic layer
The time fallen improves the service life of thermal protection coating.Therefore, be highly desirable to ceramic coating bond strength carry out test with
Quantitative assessment provides foundation for the design of coating material system, process modification and service life prediction.Accurately to measure coating interface
In conjunction with mechanical characteristic, generally should at least meet two conditions: (1) can establish what reasonable reflection coating peeled off from the substrate
Mechanical model；(2) it accurately can measure and calculate the mechanics parameter of reflection interfacial combined function.How analysis model and calculating side
Method is important scientific issues therein.The binding performance with evaluation coating material system how is accurately characterized, is mainly had at present
Two kinds of viewpoints: first is that when stress viewpoint, i.e. coating are peeled off from substrate on unit area required power size, generally use combination
The parameters such as intensity (including tensile strength and shear strength) and stress intensity factor characterize, wherein tensile strength and shear strength
The ability stretched with failure by shear is resisted at reflection material system interface respectively, and stress intensity parameter derives from Linear Elasticity Fracture power
The related concept learned；Second is that when energetics viewpoint, i.e. coating are peeled off from substrate energy needed for unit area size, including boundary
The parameters such as face toughness and fracture toughness, wherein toughness indicate material from be deformed to until be broken during the entire process of absorbed
Energy, and fracture toughness then characterizes material containing pre- crackle, resists the ability that the pre- crackle further expands.
Stress viewpoint is mainly used in the interface crack problems for analyzing macroscopical block materials, for analyzing micro-nano magnitude
Coating or thin-film material Interface Cracking problem, there are clearly disadvantageous for this method.Firstly, the theoretical analysis method used can be related to
To the mathematical description of Interface Crack point stresses strain field, the stress that online pseudoxanthoma elasticum sets interface cohesion end has oscillation odd
The opposite sex will lead to crack surface and generate the physical contradiction being mutually embedded in；Secondly, the Stress singularity ginseng of description coating interface cracking
Number depends on its geometrical characteristic, and interfacial fracture characterisitic parameter is and sample geometric correlation；Furthermore when coating layer thickness becomes smaller, answer
The leading region of power intensity factor is narrowed down to apart from the very small range of interface end, and fracture mechanics concept in this case can
It is no to continue to be applicable in worth discussion.Therefore, most people thinks that oscillatory stress singularity is a mathematical concept, in engineering reality
In be difficult to be applied.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of method for quantitative measuring of coating material system bond strength,
Whole to solve the above technical problems or one of.
Based on a kind of above-mentioned purpose coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring provided by the invention, including it is following
Step,
Total beam is made, total beam includes substrate, and the transition zone of upper surface of substrate is arranged in, and is arranged in transition zone upper surface
Ceramic layer, the glue-line that ceramic layer upper surface is set and the buckstay that glue-line upper surface is set, adjacent each layer of total beam
Between mutually bond；
Shrink telescopic rod；
The substrate of total beam is downward, it is placed on two fulcrums；
Telescopic rod is extended, two corpus unguis that load applies pawl contact with the upper surface of total beam and continue to pressure, so that
The lower surface of total beam is cracked, by controlling the shrinkage amplitude of telescopic rod, when crackle in the interface edge crack initiation of sample side and expands
After opening up certain length, control crackle terminates between the preceding load load(ing) point in two corpus unguis always in extension；
Coordinate system is established in the position for determining the neutral line of total beam, and Z axis is perpendicular to section and is taken as neutral axis；X-axis along
Total beam width direction；Y-axis is along total cantilever thickness direction.
Optionally, it is located at the region between two fulcrums in buckstay upper surface and applies two load, in the coating material
Observe crackle, the energy release rate of the crackle in the lower surface of the bed of material are as follows:
In formula:
E′Ct--- crackle reaches the equivalent elastic modulus of combination beam behind the cross section；
ICt--- crackle reaches the moment of inertia of combination beam behind the cross section；
E′Co--- crackle reaches the equivalent elastic modulus of combination beam before the cross section；
ICo--- crackle reaches the moment of inertia of combination beam before the cross section；
Coordinate system is established in the position for determining the neutral line of total beam, and Z axis is perpendicular to section and is taken as neutral axis；X-axis along
Total beam width direction；Y-axis is along total cantilever thickness direction；
Neutral line is apart from transition zone and substrate junction distance d are as follows:
In formula:
hQ--- the thickness of substrate；
hN--- the thickness of transition zone；
hY--- the thickness of coat material layer；
hE--- the thickness of glue-line；
hS--- the thickness of buckstay；
D --- neutral line is apart from transition zone at a distance from substrate junction；
E′Q--- the equivalent elastic modulus of matrix；
E′N--- the equivalent elastic modulus of transition zone；
E′Y--- the equivalent elastic modulus of coat material layer；
E′E--- the equivalent elastic modulus of glue-line；
E′S--- the equivalent elastic modulus of buckstay；
If crack surface is located at the interior thickness of coat material layer, i.e. h 'Y=hY/2；If before and after crackle passes through section
The position at moment, the neutral line in section remains unchanged；The total beam for correcting four-point bending includes multilayer material, derives answering for the beam
Close elasticity modulus expression formula；Crackle reaches the complex elastic-modulus before the section are as follows:
hCo--- the thickness of crackle total beam before reaching；
The compound the moment of inertia that crackle reaches section front and rear beam is respectively as follows:
Crackle starts to stablize the critical load value P of extensionc, obtain the fracture toughness index of the coating sample system.
Optionally, crackle reaches the complex elastic-modulus before the section and can simplify are as follows:
Optionally, crackle reaches the complex elastic-modulus behind the section are as follows:
Optionally, bent beam is zero by axle power in neutral line when shear-bow, lists equation:
∫Aσ dA=0 (7)；
Stress-strain relation σ=E ' ε is substituted into obtain:
∫AE ' ε dA=0 (8)；
Wherein, A indicates a certain material layer yz planar cross section area, and σ is stress, and ε is strain.
Optionally, two magnitudes of load for being located at the region application between two fulcrums in buckstay upper surface are equal, side
To identical.
From the above it can be seen that the method for quantitative measuring of coating material system bond strength provided by the invention can
Interface Crack germinating and the overall process along interface extension are described, the characterization interfacial combined function index provided is only dependent upon coating material
Expect self character, it is unrelated with sample geometry；Interfacial toughness absorbed energy is typically larger than the energy that interfacial fracture toughness is absorbed,
Fracture toughness usually indicates with critical energy release rate or critical stress intensity factors, with specific reference to calculating fracture toughness parsing
The needs of expression formula are chosen.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for quantitative measuring of coating material of embodiment of the present invention system bond strength；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the quantitative device of coating material of embodiment of the present invention system bond strength；
Fig. 3 is the partial schematic diagram of the quantitative device of coating material of embodiment of the present invention system bond strength；
Fig. 4 is sample cross of embodiment of the present invention schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a kind of device that coating material system bond strength is quantitative, the device include rack 7, and two
A fulcrum 1 being arranged on the rack and the load applying unit 8 that two fulcrums, 1 top is set.The load applying unit packet
The load for including telescopic rod and being arranged on telescopic rod applies pawl.Two fulcrums 1 are in the same horizontal plane, telescopic rod and water
Plane is vertical, and for telescopic rod on the perpendicular bisector of the line of two fulcrums, the both ends of telescopic rod are separately connected upper end and the load of rack
Lotus applies pawl.It includes two corpus unguis, the line of the lower end endpoint of two corpus unguis and the line of two fulcrums that the load, which applies pawl,
In parallel.Two corpus unguis are entirely fallen among two fulcrums along flexible rod axis to the projection that two fulcrum directions obtain.
The load applying unit of two 1 tops of fulcrum is interior load(ing) point, the connection of two fulcrums 1 and style to the load(ing) point that style applies
Electricity is outer load(ing) point.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for quantitative measuring of coating material system bond strength, step 1 make total beam；It is described
Total beam includes substrate 2, and the transition zone 3 of 2 upper surface of substrate is arranged in, and the ceramic layer 4 of 3 upper surface of transition zone is arranged in, and setting exists
The glue-line 5 of 4 upper surface of ceramic layer and the buckstay 6 that 5 upper surface of glue-line is set, it is mutually viscous between adjacent each layer of total beam
Knot；Step 2 shrinks telescopic rod；Step 3 downwards by the substrate 2 of total beam is placed on two fulcrums 1；Step 4, elongation are stretched
Contracting bar, two corpus unguis that load applies pawl contact with the upper surface of total beam and continue to pressure, so that the lower surface of total beam goes out
Existing crackle, by controlling the shrinkage amplitude of telescopic rod, when crackle is after the interface edge crack initiation of sample side and extending certain length,
It controls between the load load(ing) point that crackle is in two corpus unguis always before extension terminates；Step 5 determines the neutral line of total beam
Position, establish coordinate system, Z axis is perpendicular to section and is taken as neutral axis；X-axis is along total beam width direction；Y-axis is along total beam
Thickness direction.
Optionally, substrate 2, transition zone 3, ceramic layer 4, glue-line 5 and buckstay 6 are all parallel to the horizontal plane.For the ease of meter
It calculates, the substrate 2, transition zone 3, ceramic layer 4, glue-line 5 and buckstay 6 are all rectangle.
Since the energetics viewpoint operation using thermodynamical equilibrium can describe Interface Crack germinating and along interface extension
Overall process, the characterization interfacial combined function index provided is only dependent upon coating material self character, unrelated with sample geometry；Interface
Toughness absorbed energy is typically larger than the energy that interfacial fracture toughness is absorbed, fracture toughness usually with critical energy release rate or
Critical stress intensity factors indicates, chooses with specific reference to the needs for calculating fracture toughness analytical expression.So the application
Energetics viewpoint of the operating method based on thermodynamical equilibrium.Load is made to apply pawl using corpus unguis to total by extending telescopic rod
The upper surface of beam applies two load, observes crackle in the lower surface of coat material layer, the energy release rate of the crackle are as follows:
When crackle is after the interface edge crack initiation of sample side and extending certain length, control crackle is preceding always in extension termination
Between the load(ing) point of two sides；
The specimen cross section for splitting unit length in front of point of crackle is chosen as research object, enables UoSample is reached for crackle to cut
Strain energy before face stored by specimen cross section, UtStored strain energy after new crack surface, the two are formed for specimen cross section
Difference be exactly split point strain energy rate G, obtain:
G=Uo-Ut(2)；
Moment M on 4 cross section of ceramic layer at this time are as follows:
In formula:
Whole load that P --- sample is born；
L --- the span inside and outside sample between load(ing) point；
Strain energy according to Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and plane strain condition, stored by cross section are as follows:
Wherein,
In formula:
υ is material Poisson's ratio；
E ' --- plane strain equivalent elastic modulus；
I --- the moment of inertia；
E --- plane stress elasticity modulus；
Formula (3), (4) and (5) substitution formula (2) can be calculated using generalized Hooke law:
In formula:
E′Ct--- crackle reaches the equivalent elastic modulus of combination beam after specimen cross section；
ICt--- crackle reaches the moment of inertia of combination beam after specimen cross section；
E′Co--- crackle reaches the equivalent elastic modulus of combination beam in face of specimen cross section；
ICo--- crackle reaches the moment of inertia of combination beam before specimen cross section；
Then, it is determined that the position of the neutral line of total beam, enable substrate 2 with a thickness of hQ, transition zone 3 with a thickness of hN, ceramic layer
4 with a thickness of hY, glue-line 5 with a thickness of hEWith buckstay 6 with a thickness of hS；Neutral line is enabled to connect apart from transition zone 3 with substrate 2
The distance at place is d, establishes coordinate system, Z axis is perpendicular to section and is taken as neutral axis；X-axis is along total beam width direction；Y-axis edge
Total cantilever thickness direction；
The condition for being zero by axle power in neutral line when shear-bow according to bent beam, lists equation:
∫Aσ dA=0 (7)；
Stress-strain relation σ=E ' ε is substituted into obtain:
∫AE ' ε dA=0 (8)；
Because
Wherein, ρ is the radius of curvature of bending sections, and y indicates the y-axis coordinate position of material layer, and A indicates a certain material layer yz
Planar cross section area, σ are stress, and ε is strain.
(9) are brought into (8), and are integrated respectively along y-axis and z-axis:
Expression formula of the neutral line apart from transition zone 3 and 2 junction distance d of substrate is obtained after simplification are as follows:
In formula:
E′Q--- the equivalent elastic modulus of matrix；
E′N--- the equivalent elastic modulus of transition zone 3；
E′Y--- the equivalent elastic modulus of ceramic layer 4；
E′E--- the equivalent elastic modulus of glue-line 5；
E′S--- the equivalent elastic modulus of buckstay 6；
If crack surface is located at the interior thickness of ceramic layer 4, i.e. h 'Y=hY/2；If when crackle reaches before and after section
Carve, the position of neutral line in cross section be it is constant, i.e., in short crack, it is believed that crackle pass through research section front and back,
The neutral line position in section is to maintain constant；The total beam for correcting four-point bending includes multilayer material, derives the compound of the beam
Elasticity modulus expression formula；Crackle reaches the complex elastic-modulus before the section are as follows:
hCoThe thickness of total beam before reaching for crackle, simplifying above formula can obtain:
Crackle reaches the complex elastic-modulus behind the section are as follows:
The compound inertia that crackle reaches section front and rear beam is obtained referring to aforementioned section and coordinate system according to the definition of the moment of inertia
Square is respectively as follows:
Stablize the critical load value P of extension since load-displacement curves change and determine cracklec, by formula (12), formula
(13), formula (14), formula (15) and formula (16) substitute into formula (6) together, and the fracture toughness of coating sample system is obtained by calculation
Index, the i.e. energy release rate G of crack tip, unit J/m2。
Optionally, the ceramic layer 4 in the first specific embodiment can also be substituted for other materials, such as paint, plastics
Deng.
It should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: the discussion of any of the above embodiment is exemplary only, not
It is intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including claim) is limited to these examples；Under thinking of the invention, above embodiments
Or can also be combined between the technical characteristic in different embodiments, step can be realized with random order, and be existed such as
Many other variations of the upper different aspect of the invention, for simplicity, they are not provided in details.
The embodiment of the present invention be intended to cover fall into all such replacements within the broad range of appended claims,
Modifications and variations.Therefore, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, the improvement made
Deng should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Total beam is made, total beam includes substrate (2), and the transition zone (3) in substrate (2) upper surface is arranged, and is arranged in transition zone
(3) ceramic layer (4) of upper surface is arranged in the glue-line (5) of ceramic layer (4) upper surface and setting in the rigid of glue-line (5) upper surface
Property beam 6 mutually bonds between adjacent each layer of total beam；
Shrink telescopic rod；
Downwards by the substrate (2) of total beam, it is placed on two fulcrums (1)；
Telescopic rod is extended, two corpus unguis that load applies pawl contact with the upper surface of total beam and continue to pressure, so that total beam
Lower surface it is cracked, by control telescopic rod shrinkage amplitude, when crackle the interface edge crack initiation of sample side and extend one
After measured length, between the load load(ing) point that control crackle is in two corpus unguis always before extension terminates；
Coordinate system is established in the position for determining the neutral line of total beam, and Z axis is perpendicular to section and is taken as neutral axis；X-axis is along total beam
Width direction；Y-axis is along total cantilever thickness direction.
2. coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in buckstay
(6) upper surface is located at two load of region application between two fulcrums (1), and in the lower surface of the coat material layer, observation is split
Line, the energy release rate of the crackle are as follows:
In formula:
E′Ct--- crackle reaches the equivalent elastic modulus of combination beam behind the cross section；
ICt--- crackle reaches the moment of inertia of combination beam behind the cross section；
E′Co--- crackle reaches the equivalent elastic modulus of combination beam before the cross section；
ICo--- crackle reaches the moment of inertia of combination beam before the cross section；The position for determining the neutral line of total beam, establishes coordinate system,
Z axis is perpendicular to section and is taken as neutral axis；X-axis is along total beam width direction；Y-axis is along total cantilever thickness direction；
Neutral line is apart from transition zone (3) and substrate (2) junction distance d are as follows:
In formula:
hQ--- the thickness of substrate (2)；
hN--- the thickness of transition zone (3)；
hY--- the thickness of coat material layer；
hE--- the thickness of glue-line (5)；
hS--- the thickness of buckstay (6)；
D --- neutral line is apart from transition zone (3) at a distance from substrate (2) junction；
E′Q--- the equivalent elastic modulus of matrix；
E′N--- the equivalent elastic modulus of transition zone (3)；
E′Y--- the equivalent elastic modulus of coat material layer；
E′E--- the equivalent elastic modulus of glue-line (5)；
ES' --- the equivalent elastic modulus of buckstay (6)；
If crack surface is located at the interior thickness of coat material layer, i.e. h 'Y=hY/2；If the moment before and after crackle passes through section,
The position of the neutral line in section remains unchanged；The total beam for correcting four-point bending includes multilayer material, derives the compound bullet of the beam
Property modulus expression formula；Crackle reaches the complex elastic-modulus before the section are as follows:
hCo--- the thickness of crackle total beam before reaching；
The compound the moment of inertia that crackle reaches section front and rear beam is respectively as follows:
Crackle starts to stablize the critical load value P of extensionc, obtain the fracture toughness index of the coating sample system.
3. coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that crackle reaches should
Complex elastic-modulus before section can simplify are as follows:
4. coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that crackle reaches should
Complex elastic-modulus behind section are as follows:
5. coating material system bond strength method for quantitative measuring according to claim 1, which is characterized in that bent beam is cut
Axle power is zero in neutral line when cutting bending, lists equation:
∫Aσ dA=0 (7)；
Stress-strain relation σ=E ' ε is substituted into obtain:
∫AE ' ε dA=0 (8)；
Wherein, A indicates a certain material layer yz planar cross section area, and σ is stress, and ε is strain.
6. the application method of the device of coating material system bond strength quantitative assessment, feature exist according to claim 1
In: equal in two magnitudes of load that buckstay (6) upper surface is located at the region application between two fulcrums (1), direction is identical.
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| CN110411866A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-11-05 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | A method of passing through drop impact performance prediction coating interface shear strength |
| RU2717142C1 (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-03-18 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет" | Method of evaluating adhesion strength of a multilayer coating |
| RU2728732C1 (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Публичное акционерное общество "ОДК-Уфимское моторостроительное производственное объединение" | Method of evaluation of adhesion strength of multilayer coating |
| CN112345380A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-09 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | Method for testing fracture toughness of ceramic coating |
| CN112461664A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-09 | 武汉天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel test fixture and test method thereof |
| CN113484324A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Coating cracking resistance testing device and performance testing evaluation method |
| CN114184467A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-03-15 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Test piece for fracture performance test and preparation method thereof |
| CN114252329A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-29 | 长江存储科技有限责任公司 | Bonding energy testing method of bonding technology |
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