CN109556312A - Multi-stage absorption refrigerating method - Google Patents
Multi-stage absorption refrigerating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109556312A CN109556312A CN201811186476.3A CN201811186476A CN109556312A CN 109556312 A CN109556312 A CN 109556312A CN 201811186476 A CN201811186476 A CN 201811186476A CN 109556312 A CN109556312 A CN 109556312A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
- F25B17/083—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt with two or more boiler-sorbers operating alternately
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B37/00—Absorbers; Adsorbers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/04—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for sorption type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/046—Operating intermittently
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2315/00—Sorption refrigeration cycles or details thereof
- F25B2315/006—Reversible sorption cycles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Abstract
A kind of multi-stage absorption refrigerating method, it includes the first adsorption plant and the second adsorption plant, the first class absorber being arranged in parallel in first and second adsorption plants, second class absorber, it is configured in three-level absorber filled with porous adsorbing material, refrigerant pipe is passed through between above-mentioned porous adsorbing material particle, wherein, space rate in each absorber between the particle of porous adsorbing material, the linear increase of refrigerant tube voltage drop is relevant to along the flow direction of refrigerant, so that first, it is flowed to inside second adsorption plant along refrigerant, the practical adsorption capacity of absorbers at different levels is identical.The refrigerating method is poor according to air conditioning terminal refrigerant out temperature, and accurate selection needs to participate in the absorber of absorption, so as to improve system energy efficiency, reduces system cost, reduces adsorbent material replacing process and number.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to a kind of refrigerating method of refrigeration equipment, more particularly to the absorption type system of cooling absorption and heating desorption
The multi-stage absorption refrigerating method of cool equipment.
Background technique
With the continuous development of adsorption refrigeration system, the improvement type of adsorption refrigeration system is more and more, including inhales
Attached formula air-conditioning/heat pump, solar adsorption-type refrigerating machine, absorption icemaker etc..The metal heat and stream of absorption refrigeration equipment
Body heat appearance is affected to the performance COP of adsorption refrigeration system.
Existing adsorption refrigeration system generally uses two adsorption machines, an evaporator and a condenser, throttle valve
Deng.When an adsorption plant is connected to condenser, just in heating desorption, another adsorption plant is communicated with evaporator, cooling
Absorption.After the completion of desorbing adsorption process, by heating the valve of pipeline and cooling line, switch the work of two adsorption plants
State can be realized continuous cooling.
The adsorption capacity of adsorption plant influences the cycle period of system, namely influences the unit time refrigeration energy of refrigeration system
Power, therefore to improve the refrigerating capacity of refrigeration system, obtains higher COP, it is necessary to accelerate adsorption plant adsorption capacity and
Unit time adsorption capacity.One good adsorption plant, can be from various aspects such as the design of its structure, the heat-transfer characters of absorption working pair
Factor improves, to improve its unit time adsorption capacity.
However, when refrigerant pipe passes through the adsorbent material of adsorption plant, refrigerant pipe has phase for large-scale adsorption plant
When length.With the increase of process, the heat loss and the pressure loss of internal refrigerant are gradually increased, thus in refrigerant flow direction,
The ability that refrigerant conducts heat outward gradually has apparent decaying, and the exchange capability of heat between adsorbent material outside refrigerant and refrigerant pipe is then therewith
It gradually decreases.Thus the adsorption capacity of adsorbent material also decays therewith.To affect adsorption plant whole adsorption capacity and
The refrigerating capacity of refrigeration equipment.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure is in view of above content, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of heat loss and pressure that can reduce refrigerant in adsorption plant
The multi-stage absorption refrigerating method of the decline problem of adsorption capacity caused by power is lost, can be improved adsorption plant entirety adsorption energy
Power reduces the Decay of adsorbent material, improves the refrigerating capacity and service life of refrigeration equipment, and by precisely according to
Family demand refrigerating capacity, accurate selection participates in the adsorption capacity of cooling and warming, to further reduced system cost.
The present invention provides a kind of multi-stage absorption refrigerating methods comprising refrigeration equipment, refrigeration equipment include: the first absorption
Bed and the second adsorbent bed；Include the first adsorption plant and the first heat exchange equipment in first adsorbent bed, includes the in the second adsorbent bed
Two adsorption plants and the second heat exchange equipment；Refrigeration equipment further includes the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, third four-way valve, the 4th
Four-way valve, heat source and air conditioning terminal；Wherein heat source, the first four-way valve are respectively connected to second through refrigerant inlet pipe, two-port valve
The second four-way valve is connected to through refrigerant return pipe again after first class absorber, second class absorber, three-level absorber in adsorption plant
Forming circuit；Heat source, the first four-way valve are respectively connected to the suction of the level-one in the first adsorption plant through refrigerant inlet pipe, two-port valve
The second four-way valve forming circuit is connected to through refrigerant return pipe again after adnexa, second class absorber, three-level absorber.Wherein first inhales
Attached bed and the second adsorbent bed are configured to, when the absorption of the first adsorbent bed, the second adsorbent bed desorption, when first round adsorption and desorption knot
Beam, then wheel changes the absorption of the second adsorbent bed, the first adsorbent bed desorption into；Level-one in first adsorption plant, the second adsorption plant is inhaled
Adnexa, second class absorber are filled with porous adsorbing material in three-level absorber, and refrigerant pipe is from above-mentioned porous adsorbing material particle
Between pass through, wherein the first adsorption plant, the first class absorber in the second adsorption plant, second class absorber, in three-level absorber
It is filled with porous adsorbing material, refrigerant pipe is passed through between above-mentioned porous adsorbing material particle, wherein the first and second absorption
The structure of porous adsorbing material in respective one to three-level absorber in equipment meets following relationship: first class absorber 4a, 5a
Space rate KLevel-oneThe space rate K of < second class absorber 4b, 5bSecond levelThe space rate K of < three-level absorber 4c, 5cThree-level, so that
First class absorber, second class absorber are identical with the practical adsorption capacity of three-level absorber three；Detect third four-way valve downstream side
Air conditioning terminal entrance refrigerant temperature t1, detection air conditioning terminal export refrigerant temperature t2, and wherein the entry and exit temperature difference of air conditioning terminal is
Δ T1=t2-t1；In cooling mode, the absorption of the first adsorbent bed and the second adsorbent bed desorption: the first adsorbent bed and the second absorption
In bed, as Δ T1 < C1, on the first class absorber upstream two-port valve, second class absorber in the first and second adsorption plants of control
Trip two-port valve and three-level absorber upstream two-port valve are opened, and one~three-level absorber of the first and second adsorption plants both participates in
Work, provides maximal absorptive capacity.As C1≤Δ T1 < C2, the three-level absorber upstream in the first and second adsorption plants is closed
The I and II absorber of two-port valve, the first and second adsorption plants participates in work.As Δ T1 >=C2, first and are turned off
The second class absorber upstream two-port valve of two adsorption plants, only the first class absorber of the first and second adsorption plants participates in work.
Further, refrigerating method of the invention, under heating mode, the second adsorbent bed absorption and the first adsorbent bed is desorbed:
As Δ T1 >=D2, first class absorber upstream two-port valve, the second class absorber upstream two-way of the first and second adsorption plants are controlled
Valve and three-level absorber upstream two-port valve are opened, and one~three-level absorber of the first and second adsorption plants both participates in work,
Maximal absorptive capacity is provided.As D1≤Δ T1 < D2, the three-level absorber upstream two-port valve of the first and second adsorption plants is closed,
The I and II absorber of first and second adsorption plants participates in work.As Δ T1 < D1, turns off the first and second absorption and set
Standby second class absorber upstream two-port valve, only the first class absorber of the first and second adsorption plants participates in work.
Further, refrigerating method of the invention, in cooling mode, the first heat exchange equipment, third four-way valve, air-conditioning end
End and the 4th four-way valve are in turn connected to form circuit, to user's cooling supply；Second heat exchange equipment, third four-way valve, the first four-way valve,
First adsorption plant, the second four-way valve, third heat exchange equipment, the 4th four-way valve are in turn connected to form circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the monolithically fabricated figure under the refrigeration mode of refrigerating method of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the monolithically fabricated figure under the heating mode of refrigerating method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In the following, the multi-stage absorption refrigerating method referring to 1 pair of absortion type refrigerating equipment of the invention of attached drawing is illustrated,
As shown in Figure 1, absortion type refrigerating equipment 1 is that one kind can be made in building in refrigerating method of the invention
Cold or heating or the waste heat heat source type heat pump for freezing and heating in different spaces simultaneously.Heat pump includes high temperature heat source 2, absorption
Formula refrigeration machine and air conditioning terminal 3, wherein adsorbent refrigerator includes the first adsorption plant 4, the heat exchange of the second adsorption plant 5, first
Equipment 6, the second heat exchange equipment 7, the 8, first~the 4th four-way valve 9~12 of third heat exchange equipment and multiple valves and temperature sensing
Device 17~22.
Adsorbent refrigerator includes two adsorbent beds A and B, wherein the first adsorbent bed A includes sealing container, in sealing container
First adsorption plant 4 and the first heat exchange equipment 6 are set, and the second adsorbent bed B includes sealing container, and setting second is inhaled in sealing container
Applying equipment 5 and the second heat exchange equipment 7, when the first adsorbent bed A absorption, the second adsorbent bed B desorption, when the second adsorbent bed B is carried out
When regenerative process, the first adsorbent bed A carries out desorption process.
Then, the structure and workflow of the first adsorbent bed A of present embodiment and the second adsorbent bed B are said
It is bright.
As shown in Figure 1, the first adsorption plant 4 has the refrigerant pipe 13 for Working fluid flow in the first adsorbent bed A.Refrigerant pipe 13
It is made of the metal (in the present embodiment, being copper or copper alloy) of excellent thermal conductivity.First adsorption plant 4 further includes at least three
Grade absorber 4a/4b/4c, they all have cabinet, are filled with adsorbent material in cabinet, refrigerant pipe 13 is worn through two-port valve respectively
In the adsorbent material of absorber 4a, 4b and 4c.
The second adsorption plant 5 has the refrigerant pipe 14 for Working fluid flow in second adsorbent bed B.Refrigerant pipe 14 is excellent by thermal conductivity
Different metal (in the present embodiment, being copper or copper alloy) is constituted.Second adsorption plant 5 further includes at least three-level absorber
5a, 5b, 5c, they all have cabinet, are filled with adsorbent material in cabinet, refrigerant pipe 14 is threaded through absorber through two-port valve respectively
In the adsorbent material of 5a, 5b and 5c.
Under refrigeration mode, control device controls the first four-way valve 9, the second four-way valve 10, third four-way valve 11 and the four or four
The direction of port valve 12 controls the flow direction of refrigerant, and refrigerant absorbs the heat of heat source 2, flow through 14 to the second adsorption plant 5 of refrigerant pipe,
Refrigerant flow to first class absorber 5a, second class absorber 5b, heat release in three-level absorber 5c through inlet tube and three two-port valves respectively,
Namely in refrigerant flow direction, the first class absorber 5a that is successively arranged in parallel from upstream to downstream, second class absorber 5b, three-level absorption
Device 5c.It is back in heat source 2 and absorbs heat through return pipe, the second four-way valve 10 again after refrigerant cooling, to form circulation.
What is carried out in second adsorbent bed B is desorption process.First class absorber 5a, second class absorber in second adsorption plant 5
5b, the adsorbent material of three-level absorber 5c are heated, solve adsorption desorption, adsorbent material aridity is promoted, from the cold of desorbed of adsorbed materials
Matchmaker's steam condenses heat release in the second heat exchange equipment 7, is regenerated as liquid.
What is carried out in first adsorbent bed A is adsorption process.After refrigerant heat absorption in refrigerant pipe 15 in second heat exchange equipment 7
Enter the refrigerant pipe 13 in the first adsorption plant 4 through third four-way valve 11, the first four-way valve 9, the refrigerant in refrigerant pipe 13 is successively
It flow to after first class absorber 4a in parallel, second class absorber 4b, three-level absorber 4c continue heat absorption and heats up through three two-port valves,
I.e. in refrigerant flow direction, be successively arranged in parallel first class absorber 4a, second class absorber 4b, three-level absorber from upstream to downstream
4c.Refrigerant after heating flows to third heat exchange equipment 8 through the second four-way valve 10, and through the 4th four-way valve 12 after this heat release cooling
Return to the second heat exchange equipment 7.
The first class absorber 5a in the first adsorption plant 4, second class absorber 5b, three-level absorber in first adsorbent bed A
The adsorbent heat release adsorption refrigerating agent of drying in 5c, therefore the pressure in the first adsorbent bed A is reduced, it thus evaporates first and changes
Refrigerant in hot equipment 6, then heat release cools down the refrigerant in refrigerant pipe 16 in the first heat exchange equipment 6, the refrigerant warp after cooling
Third four-way valve 11 flows to air conditioning terminal 3, to user's cooling supply.
After first round absorption and desorption, although being not shown in the drawings, those skilled in the art are same from attached drawing 1
Sample is appreciated that by the switching of the first~the 4th four-way valve 9~12 of control in absortion type refrigerating equipment of the invention, by first
Adsorbent bed A switches to desorption process, and the second adsorbent bed B is switched to adsorption process.Wherein, refrigerant is in the first adsorption plant 4
The first class absorber 4a in portion, second class absorber 4b, three-level absorber 4c and first class absorber 5a, two in the second adsorption plant 5
Flow direction in grade absorber 5b, three-level absorber 5c is constant always.
Under heating mode, as shown in Fig. 2, control device controls the first four-way valve 9, the second four-way valve 10, third four-way valve
11 and the 4th the switching of four-way valve 12 control the direction of refrigerant, refrigerant absorbs the heat of heat source 2, flows through refrigerant pipe 14 to the second
Adsorption plant 5, refrigerant flow to first class absorber 5a in parallel, second class absorber through inlet tube followed by three two-port valves respectively
Heat release in 5b, three-level absorber 5c converges to refrigerant return pipe after refrigerant cooling again and is back in heat source 2 through the second four-way valve 10
It is recycled.
What is carried out in second adsorbent bed B is desorption process.Adsorbent material in second adsorption plant 5 is heated, solves adsorption desorption,
Adsorbent material aridity is promoted, and is condensed heat release in the second heat exchange equipment 7 from the refrigerant steam of desorbed of adsorbed materials, is regenerated as liquid
State.
Air conditioning terminal is flowed into through third four-way valve 11 and pump after refrigerant heat absorption in refrigerant pipe 15 in second heat exchange equipment 7
3, in this heat release, heated to user.
What is carried out in first adsorbent bed A is adsorption process.The refrigerant in refrigerant pipe 13 in first adsorption plant 4 is through entrance
Pipe, respectively after two-port valve flows into first class absorber 4a, second class absorber 4b, absorbs heat in three-level absorber 4c, through the second four-way
Valve 10 flows to third heat exchange equipment 8, and the heat release in third heat exchange equipment 8, flows to the first heat exchange through the 4th four-way valve 12 after
Refrigerant pipe 16 in equipment 6, and continue heat release in refrigerant pipe 16, the refrigerant after cooling is through third four-way valve 11, pump, the one or four
Port valve 9 returns in the first adsorption plant 4, continues cycling through.
First class absorber 4a, second class absorber 4b, three-level absorber 4c in the first adsorption plant 4 in first adsorbent bed A
The adsorbent heat release adsorption refrigerating agent of interior drying, therefore the pressure in the first adsorbent bed A is reduced, thus evaporate the first heat exchange
Refrigerant in equipment 6.
After first round absorption and desorption, cutting by the first~the 4th four-way valve 9~12 of control in adsorbent refrigerator
It changes, the first adsorbent bed A is switched into desorption process, the second adsorbent bed B is switched into adsorption process.Wherein, refrigerant is inhaled first
The applying equipment 4 and flow direction of absorber at different levels is constant always in the second adsorption plant 5.
The adsorption structure of first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant 5 is described below.It include one in first adsorption plant 4
Grade absorber 4a, second class absorber 4b and three-level absorber 4c respectively include first class absorber 5a, two in the second adsorption plant 5
Grade absorber 5b and three-level absorber 5c, the uniform filling adsorption materials of absorber at different levels.Adsorbent material is Porous, material granule
Between have spatial volume, space rate K be the spatial volume and absorber volume ratio.When adsorbent material space, rate is too small,
The refrigeration dose that then adsorbent material can be adsorbed/is desorbed is also small, but adsorbent material space rate is too big, then adsorbent material heat-energy transducer
Power decline, can not adsorb/be desorbed enough refrigeration doses.Thus, the consistency and spatial volume of adsorbent material must reach
Delicate balance could make its exchange capability of heat and absorption/desorption refrigeration dose obtain a suitable best performance values,
The theoretical adsorption capacity on the whole for being commonly referred to as the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant 5 herein is S.
By taking the schematic diagram of attached drawing 1 as an example, the refrigerant of the first upstream adsorbent bed A flow to three-level through inlet tube, two-port valve respectively
In absorber, refrigerant absorbs heat at this from adsorbent material.Adsorption plant in the prior art is only level-one, is usually had
One cabinet, internal uniform filling adsorption material, refrigerant pipe is worn and mistake from adsorbent material, along the flow direction of refrigerant pipe
On adsorbent material various parameters such as material, consistency, the space rate between material granule it is identical.And the present invention passes through
A large amount of experiment, research find this kind of uniform adsorption structure in the prior art be cause adsorbent material needs to be replaced it is main because
One of element.When refrigerant is in the flowing direction as the increase of process, pressure and heating power have significant loss, heat absorption capacity is significant
Decline, the exchange capability of heat between refrigerant and adsorbent material in refrigerant pipe weakens.Meanwhile the adsorbent material in adsorption plant
In, the practical emission capacity of adsorbent material closer to upstream is stronger, and the refrigeration dose of absorption is bigger, and the absorption closer to downstream
The emission capacity of material weakens, and the refrigeration dose of absorption is fewer.This leads to the practical adsorbance of the adsorbent material in adsorption plant
Unevenly, its practical adsorption capacity s1 decaying along the adsorbent material on the flow direction of refrigerant pipe, adsorption capacity degree is uneven,
Service life is not identical, and the whole practical adsorption capacity of adsorption plant is less than its theoretical adsorption capacity S.When the suction in downstream side
Still in order, when still can be used, the adsorbent material of upstream side has needed to replace enclosure material, while it is actually used
Period is also considerably shorter than its theoretical service life value.This directly results in the reduction of the service life of the first adsorption plant, system
The decline of the cost increase and ability of cooling system.
Thus the present invention in the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant 5 structure as shown in Figure 1, its along refrigerant
In the path direction of pipe, refrigerant pipe is introduced into first class absorber 4a, 5a of upstream through two-port valve, is detected refrigerant pipe herein and is entered
Refrigerant pressure in first class absorber is P4a entrance、P5a entrance；Refrigerant is introduced into second class absorber 4b, the 5b in middle reaches through two-port valve again
In, detecting refrigerant pipe herein to enter the refrigerant pressure in second class absorber is P4b entrance、P5b entrance；Then refrigerant enters through two-port valve
In three-level absorber 4c, the 5c in downstream, the refrigerant pressure that detection enters in three-level absorber is P4c entrance、P5c entrance。
Wherein, one to three-level absorber in the first and second adsorption plants 4,5 in porous adsorbing material structure it is full
It is enough lower relationship: the space rate K of first class absorber 4a, 5aLevel-oneThe space rate K of < second class absorber 4b, 5bSecond level< three-level absorber
The space rate K of 4c, 5cThree-level.And meet following relationship inside each adsorption plant:
KSecond level=KLevel-oneexp(-(C/β)(PLevel-one entrance/PSecondary exit port-1)2)
KThree-level=KSecond levelexp(-(C/β)(PSecondary inlet/PThree-level outlet-1)2)
KLevel-one、KSecond level、KThree-levelRespectively refrigerant flows to upper level, second level, three-level absorber inside first or second adsorption plant
The space rate of each self-absorbent；PLevel-one entrance、PSecondary exit port、PSecondary inlet、PThree-level outletRespectively refrigerant pipe enters first class absorber, is pierced by second level
Absorber, into second class absorber, be pierced by three-level absorber when inside refrigerant pressure；C is adsorbent material structural constant, and β is
Relationship constant between adsorbent and refrigerant；So that flowed to inside the first, second adsorption plant along refrigerant, it is at different levels
The unit time adsorption capacity of the porous adsorbing material of absorber is actually identical.
To which the present invention corresponds to refrigerant pipe in the continuous loss of the first, second adsorption plant internal pressure P and heating power, lead to
It crosses the space rate K for the absorbers at different levels that adjustment is located at the upper different location of refrigerant flow direction and realizes the first, second adsorption plant
Various places inside adsorption capacity can not be influenced by the crushing and heat loss of refrigerant in refrigerant pipe.Thus when the unit of adsorption plant
Between adsorption capacity enhanced on the whole, further, the service life of the adsorbent material in the first, second adsorption plant
Extend, without frequently replacement, reduces the operating cost of refrigeration system.
In first, second adsorption plant 4,5 in first class absorber 4a, 5a of refrigerant upstream side, the refrigerant in refrigerant pipe is changed
Thermal energy power is strong, and heat transfer speed is maximum, therefore the compactness extent of adsorbent material is maximum, the space rate K between material granuleLevel-oneMost
It is small.In three-level absorber 4c, the 5c in downstream side, P pressure and the heating power biggish loss as process has in refrigerant pipe, refrigerant heat exchange
Ability is most weak, and heat transfer speed is minimum, therefore rate K in space between material granuleThree-levelMaximum, heat be obstructed between adsorbent material compared with
It is small, to help adsorbent material to adsorb more refrigeration doses.To 5 inner stages of the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant
The adsorption capacity of absorber is not influenced by the crushing and heat loss of refrigerant in refrigerant pipe, being capable of uniformity.To which absorption is set
Standby adsorption capacity is enhanced on the whole, further, the absorption in the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant 5
The service life of material extends, and without frequently replacement, reduces the operating cost of refrigeration system.Even if the suction in three-level absorber
Enclosure material service life is inconsistent, can also only replace this grade of adsorbent material, without replacing other two-stage, to save replacement
The process and cost of component.
Further, the space rate of first class absorber 4a, 5a, second class absorber 4b, 5b, three-level absorber 4c, 5c are in line
Property increase.
Further, between the space rate of first class absorber 4a, 5a, second class absorber 4b, 5b, three-level absorber 4c, 5c
It is configured so that the practical adsorption capacity of first class absorber, second class absorber and three-level absorber is identical.
Further, first class absorber 4a, 5a, second class absorber 4b, 5b, three-level absorber 4c, 5c respectively internal suction
The space rate of enclosure material, it is linearly increasing in the flow direction of refrigerant.Thus the practical suction inside each absorber in refrigerant flow direction
Attached ability is also consistent.
Further, the inlet of the refrigerant inlet pipe of the first adsorption plant 4 namely the upstream first class absorber 4a, first inhale
Temperature sensor 17,18 is respectively equipped in the refrigerant return pipe of applying equipment 4 namely the outlet in the downstream first class absorber 4a.Second inhales
The inlet of the refrigerant inlet pipe of applying equipment 5 namely the upstream first class absorber 5a, the second adsorption plant 5 refrigerant return pipe namely
Temperature sensor 19,20 is respectively equipped on first class absorber 5a lower exit.It is respectively equipped on the refrigerant inlet/outlet pipe of air conditioning terminal 3
Temperature sensor 21,22.
Not only practical adsorption capacity is higher than the theoretical adsorption energy of the refrigeration equipment of equivalent specifications in refrigerating method of the invention
The service life of force value, adsorbent material is long, and the efficiency of refrigeration equipment is high, and further, the present invention also provides a kind of refrigeration
The refrigerating method of equipment can judge 4 He of the first adsorption plant according to actual refrigerating capacity according to the refrigeration demand of refrigeration equipment
Second adsorption plant 5 needs adsorbance to be offered, and is precisely controlled the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant 5 needs to provide
Adsorbance, to further increase the efficiency of refrigeration equipment, and reduce the cost of refrigeration system.Specifically, can
With the temperature value detected according to the sensor, first class absorber 4a, 5a, second class absorber 4b, 5b, three-level absorber are selected
One or more levels in 4c, 5c works.
Refrigerating method of the invention is described below.Temperature sensor 21 detects 11 downstream side air conditioning terminal of third four-way valve and enters
Mouth refrigerant temperature t1, temperature sensor 22 detect 3 outlet refrigerant temperature t2 of air conditioning terminal, wherein the entry and exit of air conditioning terminal 3
The temperature difference is Δ T1=t2-t1.
The temperature value that absortion type refrigerating equipment 1 of the invention can be detected according to above-mentioned temperature sensor 21,22, judges sky
Required refrigerating capacity between transferring house, thus adsorbance needed for accurately controlling the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant 5, thus
The service life of 5 inner stages absorber of the first adsorption plant 4 and the second adsorption plant is improved, and improves refrigeration equipment 1
Efficiency.
The refrigerating method is specifically that in cooling mode, the first adsorbent bed A is adsorbed and the mistake of the second adsorbent bed B desorption
Journey:
In first adsorbent bed A and the second adsorbent bed B, as Δ T1 < C1, the upstream first class absorber 4a, 5a two-way is controlled
Valve, second class absorber 4b, 5b upstream two-port valve and the upstream three-level absorber 4c, 5c two-port valve are opened, one~three-level absorber
Work is both participated in, maximal absorptive capacity is provided.
As C1≤Δ T1 < C2, the upstream three-level absorber 4c, 5c two-port valve is closed, I and II absorber participates in work.
As Δ T1 >=C2, the upstream second class absorber 4b, 5b two-port valve is turned off, only first class absorber participates in work.
Under heating mode, the second adsorbent bed B absorption and the first adsorbent bed A desorption:
As Δ T1 >=D2, the upstream first class absorber 4a, 5a two-port valve, the upstream second class absorber 4b, 5b two-port valve are controlled
It is opened with the upstream three-level absorber 4c, 5c two-port valve, one~three-level absorber both participates in work, provides maximal absorptive capacity.
As D1≤Δ T1 < D2, the upstream three-level absorber 4c, 5c two-port valve is closed, I and II absorber participates in work.
As Δ T1 < D1, the upstream second class absorber 4b, 5b two-port valve is turned off, only first class absorber participates in work.
Further, use elongated adsorption plant and three-level absorber as exemplary illustration in the present invention, however
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the flow direction of refrigerant pipe can above be arranged in any direction and according to refrigeration in the prior art
Other multi-stage absorption devices are arranged in the demand of ability.Even variation is carried out to the characteristic of adsorbent material arbitrarily on refrigerant flow direction
The invention of the loss of adsorption capacity caused by being reduced with reducing the pressure loss on flowing to and heat loss, each falls within of the invention
The open scope.
In addition, for indicating the art of positional relationship or shape applied in any technical solution disclosed in aforementioned present invention
Its meaning includes approximate with its, similar or close state or shape to language unless otherwise stated.Either component provided by the invention
Either being assembled by multiple individual component parts, or the separate part that integrally formed technique manufactures.
Finally it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments for pipe, it should be understood by those ordinary skilled in the art that: still
It can modify to a specific embodiment of the invention or some technical features can be equivalently replaced；Without departing from this hair
The spirit of bright technical solution should all cover within the scope of the technical scheme claimed by the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of refrigerating method of multi-stage absorption refrigeration equipment, wherein refrigeration equipment includes: the first adsorbent bed and the second adsorbent bed；
Include the first adsorption plant and the first heat exchange equipment in first adsorbent bed, includes the second adsorption plant and second in the second adsorbent bed
Heat exchange equipment；
Refrigeration equipment further includes the first four-way valve, the second four-way valve, third four-way valve, the 4th four-way valve, third heat exchange equipment, heat
Source and air conditioning terminal；
Wherein heat source, the first four-way valve are respectively connected to being arranged in parallel in the second adsorption plant through refrigerant inlet pipe, two-port valve
First class absorber, second class absorber, be connected to the second four-way valve forming circuit through refrigerant return pipe again after three-level absorber；Heat
Source, is respectively connected to through refrigerant inlet pipe, two-port valve the primary adsorption being arranged in parallel in the first adsorption plant at the first four-way valve
The second four-way valve forming circuit is connected to through refrigerant return pipe again after device, second class absorber, three-level absorber；
Wherein the first adsorbent bed and the second adsorbent bed are configured to, when the absorption of the first adsorbent bed, the second adsorbent bed desorption, when first
Wheel adsorption and desorption terminates, then wheel changes the absorption of the second adsorbent bed, the first adsorbent bed desorption into；
Wherein, the first adsorption plant, the first class absorber in the second adsorption plant, second class absorber, fill out in three-level absorber
Filled with porous adsorbing material, refrigerant pipe is passed through between above-mentioned porous adsorbing material, respective in the first and second adsorption plants
The structure of porous adsorbing material in one to three-level absorber meets following relationship: the space rate K of first class absorberLevel-one< second level
The space rate K of absorberSecond levelThe space rate K of < three-level absorberThree-level, so that first class absorber, second class absorber and three-level
The effective unit time adsorption capacity of absorber three is identical；
Third four-way valve downstream side air conditioning terminal entrance refrigerant temperature t1 is detected, detection air conditioning terminal exports refrigerant temperature t2,
The entry and exit temperature difference of middle air conditioning terminal is Δ T1=t2-t1；
In cooling mode, the absorption of the first adsorbent bed and the second adsorbent bed desorption:
In first adsorbent bed and the second adsorbent bed, as Δ T1 < C1, the primary adsorption in the first and second adsorption plants is controlled
Device upstream two-port valve, second class absorber upstream two-port valve and three-level absorber upstream two-port valve are opened, the first and second absorption
One~three-level absorber of equipment both participates in work, provides maximal absorptive capacity；
As C1≤Δ T1 < C2, the three-level absorber upstream two-port valve in the first and second adsorption plants is closed, first and the
The I and II absorber of two adsorption plants participates in work；
As Δ T1 >=C2, the second class absorber upstream two-port valve of the first and second adsorption plants is turned off, only first and second
The first class absorber of adsorption plant participates in work.
2. refrigerating method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: under heating mode, the absorption of the second adsorbent bed and the first suction
Attached bed desorption:
As Δ T1 >=D2, first class absorber upstream two-port valve, the second class absorber upstream of the first and second adsorption plants are controlled
Two-port valve and three-level absorber upstream two-port valve are opened, and one~three-level absorber of the first and second adsorption plants both participates in work
Make, maximal absorptive capacity is provided；
As D1≤Δ T1 < D2, the three-level absorber upstream two-port valve of the first and second adsorption plants of closing, first and second
The I and II absorber of adsorption plant participates in work；
As Δ T1 < D1, the second class absorber upstream two-port valve of the first and second adsorption plants is turned off, only first and second
The first class absorber of adsorption plant participates in work.
3. refrigerating method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that meet inside the first and second adsorption plants following
Relationship:
KSecond level=KLevel-oneexp(-(C/β)(PLevel-one entrance/PSecondary exit port-1)2)
KThree-level=KSecond levelexp(-(C/β)(PSecondary inlet/PThree-level outlet-1)2)
Wherein, KLevel-one、KSecond level、KThree-levelRefrigerant flows to upper level, second level, three-level absorption respectively inside first or second adsorption plant
The space rate of the respective adsorbent material of device；PLevel-one entrance、PSecondary exit port、PSecondary inlet、PThree-level outletRespectively refrigerant pipe enters first class absorber, is pierced by
Second class absorber, into second class absorber, be pierced by three-level absorber when inside refrigerant pressure；C is adsorbent material structural constant,
Relationship constant of the β between adsorbent material and refrigerant；So that being flowed to inside the first, second adsorption plant along refrigerant
On, the unit time adsorption capacity of absorbers at different levels is actually identical.
4. refrigerating method a method according to any one of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that under refrigeration mode, the first heat exchange equipment, third
Four-way valve, air conditioning terminal and the 4th four-way valve are in turn connected to form circuit, to user's cooling supply；Second heat exchange equipment, third four-way
Valve, the first four-way valve, the first adsorption plant, the second four-way valve, third heat exchange equipment, the 4th four-way valve are in turn connected to form back
Road.
5. the refrigerating method as described in claim 1-4 is any, which is characterized in that further include heating mode, at this point, the first heat exchange
Equipment, third four-way valve, the first four-way valve, the first adsorption plant, the second four-way valve and third heat exchange equipment through refrigerant pipe successively
It is connected to form circuit, the second heat exchange equipment, third four-way valve, air conditioning terminal, the 4th four-way valve are in turn connected to form circuit, Xiang Yong
Family heat supply.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112283982A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-29 | 安徽普泛能源技术有限公司 | Evaporation type absorber and absorption type refrigerating system thereof |
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