CN109551777A - 部分固化的热固性复合物 - Google Patents

部分固化的热固性复合物 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109551777A
CN109551777A CN201810778065.7A CN201810778065A CN109551777A CN 109551777 A CN109551777 A CN 109551777A CN 201810778065 A CN201810778065 A CN 201810778065A CN 109551777 A CN109551777 A CN 109551777A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
lamination
resin
synusia
promoter
component
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Granted
Application number
CN201810778065.7A
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CN109551777B (zh
Inventor
阿莫尔·奥咖勒
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Boeing Co
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Boeing Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/0266—Local curing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B29C66/12821—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments
    • B29C66/12822—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments comprising at least three overlap joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B29C66/12842—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments comprising at least three butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B29C66/73752—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being uncured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B29C66/73754—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本申请提供了部分固化的热固性复合物。使用部分固化的部件生产复合层压结构。通过将催化剂施加至待完全固化的部件的区域来实现部件的部分固化。这些区域在低于常温的温度下固化，而部件的其余区域保持未固化，允许它们共粘结或共固化至其他结构。

Description

部分固化的热固性复合物
技术领域
本发明总体涉及复合结构的制造，并且更具体地涉及利用部分固化的复合层压部件。
背景技术
复合层压部件可通过粘结结合、共粘结或共固化连接在一起。在粘结结合和共粘结的情况下，至少一个部件需要足够的表面处理和适当的粘合剂选择以实现期望的粘结质量。表面处理和消除表面污染物的需求增加了制造成本，并且使用结合粘结剂给部件组件增加了不期望的重量。由于在连接过程中需要提供用于支撑未固化部件的工具，所以制造成本也增加了。这些问题减少了可用于制造过程的高效分级的选择。因此期望提供用于组装、连接和/或固化以及工艺定序的更多替代方案。
因此，期望有方法和装置考虑至少一些上述的问题以及其他可能的问题。
发明内容
本发明总体涉及制造复合部件，并且更具体地涉及连接部分固化的复合层压热固性部件。将催化剂形式的树脂固化促进剂施加至待预固化的部件叠层的部分。催化剂在低固化温度下加速这些部分的固化，而使部件的其他部分未固化并因此具有化学反应性。部件的未固化部分可以彼此接触并共固化，而部件的固化部分为部件提供稳定性。催化剂可以策略性地施加至铺设之前的一个或多个层片的某些区域，产生具有定制固化的部件。
根据一个方面，提供了一种制造复合结构的方法。方法包括组装叠层，包括铺设多个纤维增强热固性树脂的层片(plies)，以及施加树脂固化反应促进剂至叠层的第一部分。方法还包括使用固化程序(固化方案，cure schedule)固化叠层的第一部分，该固化程序足以固化叠层的第一部分而保持叠层的第二未固化部分未固化。
根据另一方面，提供了一种制造复合结构的方法。方法包括将树脂固化促进剂施加至纤维增强的热固性树脂层片的选定区域，以及组装包括热固性树脂层片的叠层，其中树脂固化促进剂已施加至该热固性树脂层片。方法还包括将叠层形成为期望形状，并且通过固化其上施加有树脂固化促进剂的热固性树脂层片的选定区域，同时使叠层的其他区域未固化，来生产部分固化的部件。方法还包括将部分固化的叠层抵靠结构放置，并将部分固化的部件连接至结构。
根据又一方面，提供了一种复合层压部件叠层，包括多个纤维增强的热固性树脂层片，其中至少某些热固性树脂层片具有施加至其至少一个区域的树脂固化促进剂。
所公开的实施例的优点之一是可以不需要待连接部件的深入表面处理和结合粘结剂。另一优点是可以基本上减少或消除保持部件形状所需的加工成本。另一优点是不需要专门设备对部件的不同部分进行差异加热/冷却。部件的部分固化可以使用常规设备进行。又一优点是可以生产部分固化的复合层压部件，其中部件的固化部分支撑并保持未固化部分的形状，而无需下面的支撑工具或夹具。
特征、功能和优点可以在本发明的各种实施例中独立实现，或者可以在其他实施例中组合，其中可以参考以下描述和附图看到更多细节。
附图说明
在所附权利要求中阐述了认为是说明性实施例特征的新的特征。然而，当结合附图阅读时，通过参考下面本发明的说明性实施例的详细描述，将最好地理解说明性实施例以及优选的使用模式、其进一步的目的和优点，其中：
图1是用于生产复合层片的装置和方法的示意图的图示，该复合层片具有策略性地施加至其选定区域的加速催化剂。
图2是多个复合层片的平面图的图示，其示出了使用图1所示的装置和方法施加催化剂的区域。
图3是示出如何处理带有策略性地施加的催化剂的层片以形成部分固化的复合层压部件的示意图的图示。
图4是复合层压结构的侧视图的图示，该复合层压结构由沿界面区域连接在一起的两个部件形成，其中两个部件具有使用固化促进剂部分预固化的层片。
图5是类似于图4的图示，在完全固化之前，其中每个部件具有固化部分和未固化部分。
图6是类似于图5的图示，但是其中只有靠近界面区域的部件的某些层片未固化。
图7是类似于图6的图示，但是其中只有靠近界面区域的一个部件的层片未固化，并且部件沿粘结结合线连接在一起。
图8是图7中指定为“图8”的区域的图示。
图9是连接至复合材料蒙皮的帽形纵梁(hat stringer)的横截面图的图示。
图10是图9中指定为“图10”的区域的图示。
图11是示出如何将具有策略性地施加至其某些区域的催化剂的层片用于形成帽形纵梁的图示，该帽形纵梁具有可以共固化或共粘结至图9所示的复合材料蒙皮的未固化部分。
图12是准备连接至复合材料蒙皮的部分固化的叶片纵梁的横截面图的图示。
图13是图12中指定为“图13”的区域的图示。
图14是图12中指定为“图14”的区域的图示。
图15是具有需要返工的斜接区域的飞机蒙皮的平面图的图示。
图16是图15所示的斜接区域的截面图的图示，还示出了待施加至其的部分固化的返工补片。
图17是飞机蒙皮的横截面图的图示，该飞机蒙皮具有定位为施加至其的部分固化的返工补片，分解了该补片的层片以更好地显示其固化和未固化部分。
图18是连接复合部件的方法的流程图的图示。
图19是飞机生产和维护方法的流程图的图示。
图20是飞机框图的图示。
具体实施方式
现在注意图1和图2，其图示说明了用于将树脂固化促进剂91策略性地施加至片层44的选定区域的装置和方法，其允许生产各自具有固化和未固化部分40、42(图3)的部分固化的部件32、34。树脂固化促进剂91包括反应催化剂92，与未施加催化剂92的片层44的区域相比，该反应催化剂92使得施加其的树脂在低于正常固化温度的温度下和/或更快地固化。换言之，将催化剂92策略性地施加至片层44的区域94允许部件32、34的差异固化。
可包括预浸料或干纤维的片材74从成批供应卷轴76抽出并且引导穿过通过催化剂施加器82的一个或多个辊80。催化剂施加器82在图示示例中为根据一组程序化的指令操作的自动施加器，该程序化的指令由程序化控制器88访问，该催化剂施加器82通过喷涂、印刷或使用其他技术将合适的反应催化剂92施加至片材74的预选区域94。催化剂92策略性地施加至将预固化的片层44的预选区域。可选地，施加催化剂92之后，可通过稳定剂施加器85将催化剂稳定剂84施加至催化剂92以稳定催化剂92。催化剂稳定剂84用于防止催化剂92的潜在降解。然后片材74在传送至工作台90或其他支撑件上之前，通过片层切割器(plycutter)65切割为期望的片层长度，在工作台90或其他支撑件上其可手动或通过拾取放置机器(未示出)拾取以形成层片叠层。
虽然已经描述了用于策略性地施加催化剂92至片层44的选定区域的高度自动过程，但主要手动过程是可能的。例如，片层44可以从成批预浸料材料中切割下来，然后可以使用喷涂、刷涂或其他手动技术手工施加催化剂92至片层44的期望区域，之后可以根据期望的层片程序表手动堆叠片层44。可替换地，片层44可以手动运输并手工铺设在叠层工具(未示出)上，该叠层工具用于在预固化之前成形片层44，其中其上施加有催化剂92的片层44的区域在低于正常固化温度的温度下固化。可替换地，片层44放置于叠层工具100(图11)上之后，催化剂92可手动或在自动控制下施加至单独的片层44。
图2显示了四个典型的片层44，示出催化剂92已经策略性地仅施加至将预固化的片层44的某些区域94，而使其余区域96保持未固化而无催化剂92。
现在注意图3，其显示加速催化剂92如何策略性地施加至热固性预浸料或干纤维的片层44，该片层44随后浸渍热固性树脂以形成分别具有固化和未固化部分40、42的差异固化部件32、34。热固性树脂可包括例如但不限于环氧树脂、氰酸酯树脂、聚氨酯树脂或酚醛树脂。催化剂92应适用于选择的热固性树脂。例如，4,4’-亚甲基双(3-氯-2,6-二乙基苯胺)可以用作氰酸酯树脂的催化剂。在该实施例中，催化剂92施加在片层44的左半部分上，之后堆叠片层44以形成层片叠层102。在103处，根据固化程序加热叠层102，该固化程序足以基本上固化待预固化的区域94，但不足以固化待保持未固化且因此具有化学活性的保留区域96。在干纤维片层44的情况下，片层44浸渍热固性树脂，然后加热至足以固化已施加催化剂92的片层44的那些区域94的温度。
从上述内容可以理解，可以使用不同的固化程序实现部件32、34的差异固化。例如，与用于完全固化部件32、34的第二固化程序相比，在与另一结构共固化或共粘结期间，用于实现部件32、34的部分固化的第一固化程序可在较低温度和/或较短持续时间下进行。在环氧树脂的情况下，例如且无诱导，第一固化程序可包括加热部件32、34的叠层至约140℃的温度，而第二固化程序可加热部件32、34至高于140℃的温度。一旦部件32、34接触另一部件32、34，则两个部件32、34可根据如上所述的固化程序共固化或共粘结，该固化程序不同于用于部分固化部件32、34的固化程序。
首先参考图4，复合结构30包括在界面区域38处沿重叠区域36连接在一起形成搭接的两个复合层压部件32、34。图1所示的部件32、34沿界面区域38通过共粘结或共固化连接在一起。如下面将更详细讨论的，在如图1所示完全固化之前，部件32、34中的至少一个处于部分固化状态，并且包括沿界面区域38的未固化部分42(图2)，其利用策略性地施加反应催化剂92(图11)形式的树脂固化促进剂91(图2)至部件32、34的层片通过部件32、34的差异固化实现。
图5显示了图4所示的复合结构30的一个示例，其中通过共固化两个部件32、34，两个部件32、34在重叠区域36中连接在一起以形成搭接45。在该实施例中，每个部件32、34包括固化部分40和未固化部分42。如本文所使用的，“固化部分”指固化部分已固化到保持部件32、34的形状和稳定性的程度。在一些应用中，固化部分40可完全固化，而在其他应用中，固化部分40可比未固化部分42更大程度地固化，但固化到保持部件32、34整体形状和稳定性的点。而且，如本文所使用的，“未固化部分”指未固化部分保持化学反应性并且能够与另一未固化部件或结合粘结剂共固化。虽然在图示示例中，部件32、34基本上是平坦的，但在其他示例中，部件32、34可具有三维曲线或复杂轮廓，其由适用于该应用的成形工具(未示出)中部件32、34的至少部分固化产生。如下面将讨论的，尽管部件32、34的其他区域保持未固化，其上施加有树脂固化促进剂91的部件32、34的预固化区域导致部分固化的部件32、34保持由工具赋予的形状。部分固化的部件保持其形状的能力允许部件通过共粘结或共固化处理、运输和/或连接至结构，而无需支撑工具或夹具。
在图5所示的示例中，在连接到一起并共固化之前，重叠区域36内的部件32、34的片层44在贯穿其厚度46、48上未固化。由于已经向其施加固化促进剂91(参见图1)，所以重叠区域36外的片层44的部分40在连接过程之前预固化，其允许这些部分40在低于正常固化温度的温度下预固化，而保持其他部分42未固化。彼此重叠的部件32、34的未固化部分42沿界面区域38彼此接触。当经受下文解释的完全固化过程时，两个部件32、34的未固化部分42共固化，沿界面区域38将其连接在一起。
现在参考图6，在该实施例中，重叠区域36内紧邻界面区域38的厚度46、48内仅少数片层44a未固化。由于已经向其施加树脂固化促进剂91，所以固化部分40可在低于正常固化温度下固化，而未施加树脂固化促进剂91的沿界面区域38的那些片层44a保持未固化。从上述内容可以理解，策略性地施加树脂固化促进剂91允许任何选定区域的预固化，例如，部件32、34的厚度46、48内的任何片层44的重叠区域36，而相同区域内的其余片层44a保持未固化。因此，显然两个部件32、34可通过共固化沿界面区域38的仅少数未固化片层44a而连接在一起，而使用树脂固化促进剂91已经预固化的固化部分40保持部件32、34在贯穿其长度上的形状。固化部分40与未固化部分42对齐并定位在其上方，从而为未固化部分42提供稳定性和支撑，而无需支撑工具。
图7和图8显示了另一实施方式，其中两个部件32、34通过共粘结沿粘结结合线50连接在一起。在该实施例中，包括沿界面区域38的若干未固化片层44a的部件32的未固化部分42粘结至所有片层44已经预固化的部件34。堆叠在未固化片层44a上方的片层44的区域其上施加有树脂固化促进剂91，允许其在低于热固性树脂正常固化温度的温度下预固化。一旦结合粘结剂施加至部件32、34中的一个或两者上，那么两个部件32、34可以组装并且经受完全固化程序，由此沿粘结结合线50以粘合剂共固化部件32的未固化层片。
现在注意图9和图10，其显示了连接至复合层压蒙皮56的复合层压帽形纵梁54。帽形纵梁54包括顶部58、腹板(web)60和向外延伸的凸缘62。帽形纵梁54包括固化部分40和未固化部分42，该未固化部分42包括凸缘62的底部62a上的未固化片层44a。如图7中最佳可见，由于其上施加有树脂固化促进剂91，靠近凸缘62的顶部的那些片层44根据第一固化程序在低于正常固化温度下已预固化，而未施加树脂固化促进剂91的靠近底部62a处界面区域38的片层44，保持未固化并且随后根据第二固化程序在更高的树脂正常固化温度下固化。复合材料蒙皮56也是具有固化部分40和未固化部分42的部分固化结构。蒙皮56的未固化部分42沿界面区域38定位，面向凸缘62的未固化部分42。在该实施例中，凸缘62的底部62a共固化至蒙皮56的未固化部分42。在其他示例中，蒙皮56可完全固化，在这种情况下，凸缘62的底部62a上的未固化片层44a可共粘结至蒙皮56。
现在参考图11，其显示了图9的部分固化的帽形纵梁54如何能够使用图1所示的工艺生产，以策略性地施加催化剂92至待预固化的片层44的区域94，而使其他区域96未固化。图11左侧的顶部平面图示出了已策略性地施加催化剂92的三个片层44a、44b、44c。为了简化描述仅示出了三个层片，然而在实际应用中，典型的帽形纵梁54可包括更多数量的片层44。在该实施例中，片层44a为底部层片，片层44c为顶部层片，并且片层44b为位于片层44a和44c之间的中间层片。催化剂92仅施加至对应于纵梁54的顶部58和腹板60的片层44a和44b的中心区域94。催化剂92也仅施加至对应于凸缘62的片层44c左右边缘处的区域94。
片层44a、44b和44c铺设在合适工具100上，该工具100具有对应于完成纵梁54的横截面形状。在一个实施例中，片层44a、44b、44c平放铺设成堆叠，并且堆叠转移至工具100上，在工具100上使用高压釜或非热压工艺向下形成、加热以及固结。在另一实施例中，片层44a、44b、44c和单独铺设以及向下形成在工具100上。然后根据第一固化程序在高压釜、压力釜或烘箱中加热并固结工具100上的层片叠层，该第一固化程序足以固化待预固化的那些区域94，即待预固化的片层44a、44b、44c的那些部分。在该初始固化过程之后，由于预固化区域94的硬度，保持了部分固化的帽形纵梁54的形成和加强形状，而底部和中间片层44a、44b的未固化区域96保持未固化并因此具有化学反应性。
在上述形成和预固化过程之后，纵梁54从工具100中除去并转移至蒙皮56(图9)，其中凸缘62的底部62a与蒙皮56接触并抵靠其放置。使用第二固化程序，凸缘62的底部62a可以与复合材料蒙皮56或其他复合结构共固化或共粘结。根据第二固化程序的固化导致凸缘62的底部62a的完全固化，以及可用于共粘结纵梁54和蒙皮56的粘合剂。虽然未在图中示出，但可以通过施加催化剂92至待粘附在一起的片层44的区域而将某些片层44粘附在一起。使用该技术，某些片层44可粘附在一起，而其他未固化片层44在形成期间允许相对于其他片层44滑动。
现在参考图12、图13和图14，叶片纵梁64包括叶片68和连接至复合材料蒙皮56的一对凸缘69。叶片纵梁64包括一对L形构件66，该一对L形构件66在连接至蒙皮56之前连接在一起以形成预组装部件。每个L形构件66包括凸缘部分70和叶片部分72。每个叶片部分72包括沿两个叶片部分72之间的界面区域38的未固化部分42。更具体地，两个叶片部分72的未固化部分42通过共固化连接在一起。具体参考图8和图10，凸缘部分70的未固化部分42a包括沿界面区域38的未固化层片42，其沿粘结结合线50共粘结至蒙皮56的完全固化片层44。
因此，从上述内容可以理解，L形构件66各自包括固化和未固化部分40、42并通过共固化连接在一起，而凸缘部分70通过共粘结连接至蒙皮56。如上述先前的示例，固化和未固化部分40、42通过策略性地仅施加树脂固化促进剂91至待预固化的选定片层44的选定区域而实现。然后使用两步固化过程，其中具有树脂固化促进剂91的片层44的区域在低于正常固化温度下固化，并且无固化促进剂91的片层44的其余未固化区域随后在正常的完全固化温度下固化。
片层44a、44b和44c铺设在合适工具100上，该工具100具有对应于完成纵梁54的横截面形状。然后层片叠层加热至足以固化待预固化的那些区域94(即待预固化的片层44a、44b、44c的那些部分)的温度。在该初始固化过程之后，由于预固化区域94的硬度和刚度，保持了部分固化的帽形纵梁54的形成形状，而底部和中间片层44a、44b的未固化区域96保持未固化和化学反应性。因此凸缘62的底部62a可以与下面的复合部件如复合材料蒙皮56(图14中未示出)共固化或共粘结。
图15和图16显示了使用加速催化剂92生产部分固化的复合层压补片110，其可在现场用于返工飞机的复合材料蒙皮56。复合材料蒙皮56在需要返工的区域内具有斜接凹陷。补片110包括多个复合片层44，其中至少某些是部分预固化的。在示出的实施方式中，多个片层44的外末端包括未固化部分42，而这些层片的其余部分包括固化部分40。补片110的底部片层44a保持完全未固化。在该实施例中，可以理解，待连接至蒙皮56的补片110的整个区域未固化。补片110的未固化部分42使用合适的结合粘结剂共粘结至固化蒙皮56。在放置补片110于蒙皮56上之后，补片110加热至足以完全固化未固化部分42的温度。未固化部分42由刚性固化部分40支撑。
图17显示了部分固化的返工补片110，其可以应用于未斜接的蒙皮56的表面。在该实施例中，部分固化的补片110包括完全未固化的两个底部片层44a、部分固化的两个中间片层44b以及完全固化的顶部片层44c。虽然补片110包括未固化部分42，但完全固化和部分固化的片层44c、44b分别保持返工补片110的形状和稳定性。
现在注意图18，其广泛地显示了使用部分固化的部件制造复合结构的方法的步骤。在112中，组装复合层片叠层，包括随后浸渍热固性树脂的干纤维层片或通过铺设多个预浸料层片。方法包括排序片层44，使得保持未固化的片层44的区域沿界面区域38定位。在114中，用作树脂固化促进剂91的催化剂92施加至叠层的第一部分。在116中，可选地，叠层形成为期望形状。在118中，使用固化程序固化叠层的第一部分，该固化程序足以固化叠层的第一部分，而保持叠层的第二部分未固化，即处于基本上反应活性状态。叠层的固化部分保持叠层的形状而无需工具。在预固化过程中已抵靠工具形成叠层的那些应用中，预固化部件从工具中除去并运输至其待连接的结构。在120中，叠层与其待连接的结构接触，其中叠层的未固化第二部分被放置为与可固化或未固化的结构面对面接触。在122中，通过固化叠层的第二部分将叠层连接至结构。
本发明的实施方式可用于各种潜在应用，特别是在运输业中，包括例如航空航天、船舶、汽车应用以及使用加压流体管如飞机中的燃料系统和液压系统的其他应用。因此，现在参考图19和图20，本公开的实施方式可用于如图19所示的飞机制造和维护方法124以及如图20所示的飞机126的领域。所公开的实施方式的飞机应用可包括例如但不限于连接在一起以形成结构的多种复合层压部件。在预生产期间，示例性方法124可包括飞机126的规格和设计128以及材料采购130。在生产期间，发生飞机126的组件和子组件制造132以及系统集成134。此后，飞机126可通过认证和交付136以便投入使用138。当客户使用时，安排飞机126进行日常保养和维护140，其还可包括修改、重新配置、翻新等。所公开的实施例可用于步骤132、134、140、142和146中的任何一个或多个。
方法124的每个过程可由系统集成商(system integrator)、第三方和/或运营商(例如客户)进行或执行。为了描述的目的，系统集成商可包括但不限于任何数量的飞机制造商和主系统分包商；第三方可包括但不限于任何数量的出售商、分包商和供应商；并且运营商可以是航空公司、租赁公司、军方机构、服务机构等。
如图19所示，由示例性方法124生产的飞机126可包括带有多个系统144和内部146的机身142。高级系统144的示例包括推进系统148、电气系统150、液压系统152和环境系统154中的一个或多个。可包括任何数量的其他系统。虽然示出了航空航天示例，但本发明的原理可应用于其他行业，如海洋和汽车行业。
本文体现的系统和方法可在生产和维护方法124的任何一个或多个阶段期间采用。例如，对应于生产过程132的组件或子组件可以以类似于飞机126在使用中时生产的组件或子组件的方式构造或制造。而且，在生产阶段132和134期间可利用一个或多个装置实施方式、方法实施方式或其组合，例如通过基本加快飞机116的组装或降低飞机116的成本。类似地，在飞机126使用中一个或多个装置实施例、方法实施例或其组合可用于例如但不限于保养和维护140。
本发明也在以下条款中提及，这些条款不与权利要求混淆。
A1.一种制造复合结构(30)的方法，包括：
组装叠层(102)，包括铺设纤维增强的热固性树脂的多个层片(44)；
施加树脂固化促进剂(91、92)至叠层(102)的第一部分(40)；以及，
使用固化程序固化叠层(102)的第一部分(40)，该固化程序足以固化叠层(102)的第一部分(40)而保持叠层(102)的第二未固化部分(42)未固化。
A2.还提供了，段落A1的方法，进一步包括：
根据与用于固化叠层(102)的第一部分(40)的固化程序不同的固化程序固化叠层(102)的第二未固化部分(42)。
A3.还提供了，段落A2的方法，其中：
固化叠层(102)的第一部分(40)包括加热叠层(102)至第一温度，以及
固化叠层(102)的第二未固化部分(42)包括加热叠层(102)至高于第一温度的第二温度。
A4.还提供了，段落A1的方法，其中叠层(102)的第一部分(40)包括沿界面区域(38)定位的叠层(102)的至少一个暴露层片(44a)，其适于连接至结构(32、34)。
A5.还提供了，段落A1的方法，其中组装叠层(102)包括布置层片(44)，使得叠层(102)的第一部分(40)的至少一个部分(44a)与叠层(102)的第二部分(42)的至少一部分对齐。
A6.还提供了，段落A1的方法，进一步包括以下步骤：
在固化叠层(102)的第二未固化部分(42)之前将叠层(102)形成为期望形状。
A7.还提供了，段落A1的方法，进一步包括：
施加稳定剂(84)至固化促进剂(91、92)。
B1.一种制造复合结构(30)的方法，包括：
施加树脂固化促进剂(91、92)至纤维增强的热固性树脂层片(44)的选定区域(94)；
组装叠层(102)，该叠层(102)包括施加有树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的热固性树脂层片(44)；以及
将叠层(102)形成为期望形状。
B2.还提供了，段落B1的方法，其中：
组装叠层(102)包括将热固性树脂层片(44)铺设在成形工具(100)上，并且
将叠层(102)形成为期望形状包括在成形工具(100)上形成热固性树脂层片(44)。
B3.还提供了，段落B1的方法，其中根据程序化的指令通过自动施加器(82)执行施加树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
B4.还提供了，段落B1的方法，进一步包括：
通过施加稳定剂(84)至树脂固化促进剂(91、92)以减少树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的潜在降解。
B5.还提供了，段落B1的方法，进一步包括：
通过固化其上施加有树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的热固性树脂层片(44)的选定区域(94)，而使叠层(102)的其他区域(96)未固化来生产部分固化部件(32、34)；
将部分固化部件(32、34)抵靠结构(32、34)放置；以及
将部分固化部件(32、34)连接至结构(32、34)。
B6.还提供了，段落B5的方法，其中将部分固化部件(32、34)连接至结构(32、34)通过以下之一执行：
共粘结，以及
共固化。
B7.还提供了，段落B5的方法，其中施加树脂固化促进剂(91、92)包括选择热固性树脂层片(44)的区域(94)，其在完全固化时保持部分固化部件(32、34)的期望形状。
B8.还提供了，段落B5的方法，进一步包括：
布置叠层(102)的层片(44)，使得未固化的叠层(102)的其他区域(96)沿界面区域(30)定位，该界面区域(30)在部分固化部件(32、34)和部分固化部件(32、34)待连接的结构(32、34)之间。
B9.还提供了，段落B1的方法，其中组装叠层(102)包括布置层片(44)，使得施加有树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的选定区域(94)在叠层(102)内与其上未施加树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的叠层(102)的其他区域(96)对齐。
C1.一种复合层压部件叠层(102)，包括：
多个纤维增强的热固性树脂层片(44)，
其中至少一个热固性树脂层片具有施加至其至少一个区域(94)的树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
C2.还提供了，段落C1的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中：
树脂固化促进剂(91、92)完全施加于至少一个热固性树脂层片(44)上。
C3.还提供了，段落C1的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中所有热固性树脂层片(44)具有施加至其区域(94)的树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
C4.还提供了，段落C1的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中：
叠层(102)包括配置为连接至结构(32、34)的界面区域(38)，并且
沿界面区域(38)的叠层(102)的热固性树脂层片(44)无树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
C5.还提供了，段落C1的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中热固性树脂为以下之一：
环氧树脂，
氰酸酯树脂，
聚氨酯树脂，以及
酚醛树脂。
D1.一种制造复合结构的方法，包括：
施加树脂固化促进剂至纤维增强的热固性树脂层片的选定区域；
组装叠层，该叠层包括施加有树脂固化促进剂的热固性树脂层片；
将叠层形成为期望形状；
通过固化其上施加有树脂固化促进剂的热固性树脂层片的选定区域，而使叠层的其他区域未固化来生产部分固化部件；
将部分固化部件抵靠结构放置；以及
将部分固化部件连接至结构。
D2.还提供了，段落D1的方法，其中：
组装叠层包括将热固性树脂层片铺设在成形工具上，并且
将叠层形成为期望形状包括在成形工具上形成热固性树脂层片。
D3.还提供了，段落D1的方法，其中施加树脂固化促进剂根据程序化的指令通过自动施加器执行。
D4.还提供了，段落D1的方法，进一步包括：
通过施加稳定剂至树脂固化促进剂以减少树脂固化促进剂的潜在降解。
D5.还提供了，段落D1的方法，其中施加树脂固化促进剂包括选择热固性树脂层片的区域，其在完全固化时保持部分固化部件的期望形状。
D6.还提供了，段落D1的方法，进一步包括：
布置叠层的层片，使得未固化的叠层的其他区域沿界面区域定位，该界面区域在部分固化部件和部分固化部件待连接的结构之间。
D7.还提供了，段落D1的方法，其中将部分固化部件连接至结构通过以下之一执行：
共粘结，以及
共固化。
D8.还提供了，段落D1的方法，其中，组装叠层包括布置层片，使得施加有树脂固化促进剂的选定区域在叠层内与未固化的叠层的其他区域对齐。
出于说明和描述的目的，已呈现了不同说明性实施例的描述，并且不旨在穷尽或限制于所公开形式的实施例。许多修改和变化对本领域普通技术人员将是显而易见的。此外，与其他说明性实施例相比，不同的说明性实施例可提供不同的优点。所选择的一个或多个实施例被选择和描述以便最佳解释实施例的原理、实际应用，并且使本领域其他普通技术人员能够理解具有各种修改以适于预期特定用途的各种实施例的公开内容。

Claims (15)

1.一种制造复合结构(30)的方法，包括：
施加树脂固化促进剂(91、92)至纤维增强的热固性树脂层片(44)的选定区域(94)；
组装叠层(102)，所述叠层(102)包括施加有所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的所述热固性树脂层片(44)；以及
将所述叠层(102)形成为期望形状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中：
组装所述叠层(102)包括将所述热固性树脂层片(44)铺设在成形工具(100)上，并且
将所述叠层(102)形成为所述期望形状包括在所述成形工具(100)上形成所述热固性树脂层片(44)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，根据程序化的指令通过自动施加器(82)执行施加所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：
通过将稳定剂(84)施加至所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)，减少所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的潜在降解。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括：
通过固化其上施加有所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的所述热固性树脂层片(44)的所述选定区域(94)，同时使所述叠层(102)的其他区域(96)未固化，来生产部分固化部件(32、34)；
将所述部分固化部件(32、34)抵靠结构(32、34)放置；以及
将所述部分固化部件(32、34)连接至所述结构(32、34)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中通过以下中的一项执行将所述部分固化部件(32、34)连接至所述结构(32、34)：
共粘结，以及
共固化。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中施加所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)包括选定所述热固性树脂层片(44)的区域(94)，所述区域(94)在完全固化时保持所述部分固化部件(32、34)的所述期望形状。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法，进一步包括：
布置所述叠层(102)的所述层片(44)，使得剩下未固化的所述叠层(102)的所述其他区域(96)沿界面区域(30)定位，所述界面区域(30)在所述部分固化部件(32、34)和所述部分固化部件(32、34)待连接的所述结构(32、34)之间。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中组装所述叠层(102)包括布置所述层片(44)，使得施加有所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的所述选定区域(94)在所述叠层(102)内与其上未施加有所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)的所述叠层(102)的其他区域(96)对齐。
10.一种通过权利要求1所述的方法形成的飞机部件。
11.一种复合层压部件叠层(102)，包括：
多个纤维增强的热固性树脂层片(44)，
其中至少一个所述热固性树脂层片具有施加至其至少一个区域(94)的树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中：
所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)完全施加在至少一个所述热固性树脂层片(44)上。
13.根据权利要求11所述的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中所述热固性树脂层片(44)的全部均具有施加至其区域(94)的所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
14.根据权利要求11所述的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中：
所述叠层(102)包括配置为待连接至结构(32、34)的界面区域(38)，并且
沿所述界面区域(38)的所述叠层(102)的所述热固性树脂层片(44)不包含所述树脂固化促进剂(91、92)。
15.根据权利要求11所述的复合层压部件叠层(102)，其中所述热固性树脂为以下中的一种：
环氧树脂，
氰酸酯树脂，
聚氨酯树脂，以及
酚醛树脂。
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US10549489B2 (en) 2020-02-04
US20190091947A1 (en) 2019-03-28
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