CN109550570B - Waste concrete crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste concrete crushing device, which comprises a block-shaped crushing mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a crushing device. The block-shaped crushing mechanism comprises a support table and a crushing box fixed on the support table, and the top plate of the crushing box is provided with blocks. The inner surface of the top plate is fixed with a hydraulic lifting cylinder, the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder extends out of the top plate, and a horizontal plate is fixed on it. connection; the support table below the discharge port is provided with a holding groove for the material conveying mechanism to extend into; the crushing device includes a crushing mechanism arranged in the crushing cavity and a coarse aggregate storage box which is communicated with the crushing cavity through the mesh plate, and the crushing cavity It is connected with the cyclone dust collector through a pipeline, and a filter screen with an aperture of 0.2 mm is arranged on the inlet side of the pipeline; the discharge end of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the powder storage box.

Description

Waste concrete crushing device

technical field

The invention relates to a crushing device in the construction industry, in particular to a waste concrete crushing device.

Background technique

At present, with the development of science and technology, construction and other fields are developing rapidly, and a large amount of construction waste will be generated after the demolition of concrete buildings. A large part of these construction wastes is concrete. In order to save resources and reuse concrete waste Utilize, often smash waste concrete. Due to the unreasonable structural design of the existing pulverizing device, the pulverizing process is prone to incomplete pulverization, and the working efficiency of the pulverizing device is poor. The pulverized soil can only be used to make environmentally friendly bricks, and the scope of recycling and use is relatively limited. big limitations.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a waste concrete crushing device capable of crushing concrete to a smaller particle size.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A waste concrete crushing device is provided, which includes a block crushing mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a crushing device. The block crushing mechanism includes a support table and a crushing box fixed on the support table, and a block inlet is provided on the top plate of the crushing box. The bottom of the block inlet is installed with a sealing plate extending out of the block inlet on one side. A metal detector is fixed in the support table that contacts the bottom plate of the crushing box. The sealing plate outside the block inlet is connected to a hydraulic cylinder through a connecting block. ;

The top plate where the block material inlet is located is connected with a material guide plate that extends obliquely to the bottom plate of the crushing box; the inner surface of the top plate is fixed with a hydraulic lifting cylinder, the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder extends out of the top plate, and a horizontal plate is fixed on it. , the two ends of the horizontal plate are fixedly connected with the breaking hammer through the connecting rod extending into the crushing box; the bottom plate is not connected with the side wall of the crushing box, and one end of the bottom plate on the discharge port side is hinged on the support table, and the other end is fixed on the On the electric pole of the electric telescopic pole;

The electric telescopic rod is fixed in the accommodating cavity opened on the support table, and the support table below the discharge port is provided with a accommodating groove for the material conveying mechanism to extend into; the transmission rollers at both ends of the material conveying mechanism are respectively movable on the materials at the top of the crushing device In the inlet and in the accommodating groove, and the transmission roller in the accommodating groove is connected with the motor; the two edges of the transmission belt of the transmission mechanism are provided with baffles, and a number of blocks arranged along the width direction are installed on the transmission belt at equal intervals. ;

The crushing device includes a crushing mechanism arranged in the crushing cavity and a coarse aggregate storage box connected with the crushing cavity through a mesh plate. The crushing cavity is connected with the cyclone dust collector through a pipeline, and a filter with a diameter of 0.2 mm is arranged on the inlet side of the pipeline. The discharge end of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the powder storage box; the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic lifting cylinder, the electric telescopic rod, the metal detector, the crushing mechanism, the electric motor and the cyclone dust collector are all connected with the controller.

Further, the pulverizing cavity includes a coarse pulverizing cavity, a squeezing pulverizing cavity and a fine pulverizing cavity divided into a coarse pulverizing cavity by a screen plate arranged from top to bottom. The coarse pulverizing cavity, the squeezing pulverizing cavity and the fine pulverizing cavity are respectively provided with coarse powder mechanisms, Extrusion crushing mechanism and fine crushing mechanism; the aperture of the mesh plate gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the aperture of the mesh plate at the bottom is 5mm; the coarse powder mechanism, the extrusion crushing mechanism and the fine crushing mechanism are all connected with the controller.

Further, the guide plate includes a fixed guide plate mounted on the top plate and a movable guide plate connected with the fixed guide plate through hinges and rotatable toward the breaking hammer, and the lower surface of the movable guide plate is in contact with the bottom plate.

Further, the coarse pulverizing mechanism includes two rows of pulverizing rollers installed on the side wall of the coarse pulverizing cavity through bearings, and each row of pulverizing rollers is composed of two pulverizing rollers; the pulverizing rollers are provided with triangular pulverizing blades, and two adjacent pulverizing rollers The pulverizing blades extend from each other to the gap formed by the pulverizing blades of the other pulverizing roller; the two pulverizing rollers located in the same row are connected to the same first motor through the conveyor belt;

The extrusion crushing mechanism includes two rows of extrusion rollers installed on the side wall of the extrusion crushing chamber through bearings. Each row of extrusion rollers consists of two extrusion rollers, and the gap between the upper row of extrusion rollers is larger than that of the lower row of extrusion rollers. The gap between the squeeze rollers in the lower row is equal to 10mm; the squeeze rollers in the same row are connected to the same second motor through the conveyor belt;

The fine crushing mechanism includes a third motor installed in the coarse aggregate storage box through the base, the output shaft of the third motor extends into the fine crushing cavity, and the output shaft in the fine crushing cavity is installed with a diameter gradually changing from top to bottom. Large crushing knife; the first motor, the second motor and the third motor are all connected to the controller.

Further, a reinforcement block connected to the hydraulic lifting cylinder is installed on the side wall of the crushing box, the reinforcement block is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through, and a buffer pad is pasted on the lower surface of the reinforcement block.

Further, both the material inlet and the material conveying mechanism are arranged in a dust-proof box, and a transparent door panel is installed near the discharge port of the dust-proof box.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the process of crushing the concrete, the metal detector is used to detect the concrete, and the metal parts are placed into the crushing device to damage the blades in the crushing device; after the concrete is put into the crushing box and broken into small pieces , if not crushed, it can be directly used as a base material for pavement pavement.

The crushed concrete is sent to the crushing box for multi-stage crushing. The concrete powder sucked out by the wind can be used as the raw material of cement, and the larger-sized particles entering the coarse aggregate storage box can be used to prepare environmentally friendly bricks. Pulverization can obtain concrete particles of different particle sizes, which increases the use site of recycled waste concrete, thereby improving the economic value of waste concrete.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste concrete crushing device.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the door panel hinged at the discharge port of the block crushing mechanism after opening.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulverizing device.

Among them, 1, block crushing mechanism; 11, support table; 111, metal detector; 112, accommodating cavity; 113, accommodating tank; 12, crushing box; 121, top plate; 122, block material inlet; 123, sealing plate; 124, bottom plate; 125, connecting block; 126, hydraulic cylinder; 127, discharge port; 13, guide plate; 131, fixed guide plate; 132, movable guide plate; 14, hydraulic lifting cylinder; 141, horizontal plate; 142, connecting Rod; 143, Breaker; 15, Electric telescopic rod; 16, Reinforcement block; 161, Cushion pad;

2. Material conveying mechanism; 21. Transmission belt; 211. Block; 22. Drive roller; 3. Crushing device; 31. Coarse aggregate storage box; 32. Coarse crushing chamber; 321. Crushing roller; 322, First motor 323, conveyor belt; 324, crushing blade; 33, extrusion crushing cavity; 331, extrusion roller; 332, second motor; 34, fine crushing cavity; 341, base; 342, third motor; 343, crushing knife; 35, mesh plate; 4, cyclone dust collector; 41, pipeline; 42, filter screen; 5, powder storage box; 6, dust box.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes Such changes are obvious within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions and creations utilizing the inventive concept are within the scope of protection.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a waste concrete crushing device; as shown in Figure 1, the device includes a block crushing mechanism 1, a material conveying mechanism 2 and a crushing device 3; as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the block The crushing mechanism 1 includes a supporting table 11 and a crushing box 12 fixed on the supporting table 11. The top plate 121 of the crushing box 12 is provided with a block material inlet 122, and the bottom of the block material inlet 122 is installed with a side extending out of the block material inlet 122. Sealing plate 123, a metal detector 111 in contact with the bottom plate 124 of the crushing box 12 is fixed in the support table 11, the sealing plate 123 located outside the block inlet 122 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 126 through a connecting block 125.

The top plate 121 where the block material inlet 122 is located is connected with a guide plate 13 that extends obliquely to the bottom plate 124 of the crushing box 12; the inner surface of the top plate 121 is fixed with a hydraulic lifting cylinder 14, and the piston rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 14 extends out of the top plate 121, and a horizontal plate 141 is fixed on it. Both ends of the horizontal plate 141 are fixedly connected to the breaking hammer 143 through the connecting rod 142 extending into the crushing box 12. 142 moves relative to the top plate 121 .

When implemented, it is preferred that the side wall of the crushing box 12 is installed with a reinforcement block 16 connected with the hydraulic lifting cylinder 14, the reinforcement block 16 is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod 142 to pass through, and the lower surface of the reinforcement block 16 is pasted with a buffer. Pad 161.

The reinforcing block 16 can provide a certain support force to the hydraulic lifting cylinder 14 to ensure the working stability of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 14; the buffer pad 161 provided on the reinforcing block 16 can prevent the breaking hammer 143 from moving excessively and damaging the reinforcing block 16.

The bottom plate 124 is not connected with the side wall of the crushing box 12, and one end of the bottom plate 124 on the side of the discharge port 127 is hinged on the support table 11, and the other end is fixed on the electric rod of the electric telescopic rod 5. The connection method of the bottom plate 124 can be Facilitate the realization of inclined discharge.

The working principle of the block crushing mechanism 1 is described below:

Actuating the hydraulic cylinder 126, the hydraulic cylinder 126 moves toward the block inlet 122 with the sealing plate 123, so as to connect the block inlet 122 with the crushing box 12, and then pours large pieces of concrete into the block inlet 122, and the concrete follows the guide. The material plate 13 moves to the breaking hammer 143; the hydraulic cylinder 126 and the hydraulic lifting cylinder 14 are activated, and the hydraulic cylinder 126 returns with the sealing plate 123 to avoid pouring too much concrete to affect the crushing effect.

The hydraulic lifting cylinder 14 reciprocates the concrete with the breaking hammer 143 to break the concrete into small pieces. During the crushing process, the metal detector 111 is used to detect whether there are metal products such as steel bars in the concrete. Then, after the material is discharged, the staff is reminded to go to the material conveying mechanism 2 at the discharge port 127 for investigation.

After the crushing is completed, the electric telescopic rod 5 is turned on, and the bottom plate 124 is inclined by the extension of the electric telescopic rod 5 , and the crushed concrete falls onto the material conveying mechanism 2 along the inclined bottom plate 124 .

In this solution, the metal detector 111 is arranged on the support table 11 of the crushing mechanism. will be exposed, so that after the small pieces of concrete are output from the discharge port 127, workers can quickly check the exposed metal products.

During implementation, it is preferred that the guide plate 13 of this scheme includes a fixed guide plate 131 mounted on the top plate 121 and a movable guide plate 132 connected with the fixed guide plate 131 through hinges and rotatable in the direction of the breaker 143. The lower surface of the movable guide plate 132 is connected to the bottom plate 121. touch.

After the guide plate 13 adopts the above structure, when the electric telescopic rod 5 moves upward with the bottom plate 124 during discharging, it will give an upward force to the movable guide plate 132, so that the movable guide plate 132 is relative to the movable connection of the fixed guide plate 131. Rotating toward the breaking hammer 143, the lower surface of the movable guide plate 132 moves along the bottom plate 124 during the rotating process, which can play the role of pushing materials to realize the rapid discharge of materials.

Referring again to FIG. 1 , the electric telescopic rod 5 is fixed in the accommodating cavity 112 opened on the support table 11 , and the support table 11 under the discharge port 127 is provided with an accommodating groove 113 for the material conveying mechanism 2 to extend into; It can accommodate part of the material conveying mechanism 2 to ensure that small pieces of concrete are accurately poured onto the material conveying mechanism 2. When the crushing mechanism is discharging, it can start the material conveyor to move slowly to avoid the accumulation of block structures in the material conveying mechanism. machine in the same location.

The drive rollers 22 at both ends of the material conveying mechanism 2 are respectively movably installed in the material inlet at the top of the crushing device 3 and in the accommodating groove 113, and the drive rollers 22 in the accommodating groove 113 are connected to the motor; the two edges of the transmission belt 21 of the conveying mechanism A baffle is provided, and a plurality of stoppers 211 arranged along the width direction of the transmission belt 21 are installed at equal intervals.

The setting of the baffle can block the small pieces of concrete on the conveying belt 21 and prevent the small pieces of concrete from falling out of the conveying belt 21; When it slides down along the inclined surface, it causes the normal transmission of the material.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the pulverizing device 3 includes a pulverizing mechanism arranged in the pulverizing chamber and a coarse aggregate storage box 31 which is communicated with the pulverizing chamber through the mesh plate 35 . The inlet side of 41 is provided with a filter screen 42 with a hole diameter of 0.2 mm. Preferably, the inlet side of the pipeline is set in a trumpet shape, and the discharge end of the cyclone dust collector 4 is communicated with the powder storage box 5; the hydraulic cylinder 126, the hydraulic lifting cylinder 14, the electric The telescopic rod 5, the metal detector 111, the crushing mechanism, the motor and the cyclone 4 are all connected to the controller.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the pulverizing cavity includes a coarse pulverizing cavity 32 , an extrusion pulverizing cavity 33 and a fine pulverizing cavity 34 , which are divided into a coarse pulverizing cavity 32 , a squeezing pulverizing cavity 33 The coarse powder mechanism, the extrusion pulverization mechanism and the fine pulverization mechanism are respectively arranged in the fine pulverizing cavity 34; the aperture of the mesh plate 35 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the aperture of the lowermost mesh plate 35 is 5 mm; the coarse powder mechanism, Both the extrusion crushing mechanism and the fine crushing mechanism are connected with the controller.

The multi-stage pulverization of the pulverizing device 3 can pulverize small pieces of concrete into powders and particles with small particle size. For the concrete powder with small particle size, it can be sucked out and stored by the adsorption of the cyclone dust collector 4 and used as cement preparation. Use of raw materials; those with larger particle sizes can be put into the coarse aggregate storage box 31 to be used as raw materials for environmentally friendly bricks.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the coarse pulverizing mechanism includes two rows of pulverizing rollers 321 installed on the side wall of the coarse pulverizing chamber 32 through bearings, and each row of pulverizing rollers 321 is composed of two pulverizing rollers 321; the pulverizing rollers 321 are provided with triangular pulverizing knives 343 pieces 324, the pulverizing knives 343 324 on two adjacent pulverizing rollers 321 extend from each other to the gap formed by the pulverizing knives 343 324 of the other pulverizing roller 321; connected with a first motor 322;

The extrusion crushing mechanism includes two rows of extrusion rollers 331 mounted on the side wall of the extrusion crushing chamber 33 through bearings. Each row of extrusion rollers 331 consists of two extrusion rollers 331. The gap between the upper row of extrusion rollers 331 is greater than The gap between the lower row of squeeze rollers 331, and the gap between the lower row of squeeze rollers 331 is equal to 10mm; the same row of squeeze rollers 331 are connected to the same second motor 332 through a conveyor belt;

The fine grinding mechanism includes a third motor 342 installed in the coarse aggregate storage box 31 through the base 431 , the output shaft of the third motor 342 extends into the fine grinding chamber 34 , and is installed on the output shaft in the fine grinding chamber 34 . The crushing knives 343 whose diameters gradually increase from top to bottom; the first motor 322 , the second motor 332 and the third motor 342 are all connected to the controller.

The crushing principle of the coarse crushing mechanism is described below:

Small pieces of concrete enter the coarse crushing chamber 32 under the transmission action of the material conveying mechanism 2, and are crushed under the action of the four crushing rollers 321. Due to the unique arrangement of the crushing rollers 321 and the crushing knives 343 and 324, the concrete can be free of Dead angle crushing; after crushing, the material smaller than the aperture of the mesh plate 35 in the coarse crushing chamber 32 enters the fine crushing chamber 34, and the rest continues to be crushed.

The material entering the extrusion and crushing chamber 33 is gradually rolled into particles or powder under the extrusion action of the two extrusion rollers 331, and the fine powder enters the powder storage box 5 under the wind suction of the cyclone dust collector 4. The granular material enters the fine crushing chamber 34 for further crushing, the fine powder is sucked away by the cyclone dust collector 4, and the material reaching the particle size of the mesh plate 35 of the powder storage box 5 enters the coarse aggregate storage box 31 for storage, and the rest continues to be crushed.

When implemented, it is preferable that the material inlet and the material conveying mechanism 2 are arranged in the dustproof box 6, and the dustproof box 6 is provided with a transparent door plate adjacent to the discharge port 127. The arrangement of the dust-proof box 6 can make the crushing, pulverizing and other actions of this solution all implemented in a closed cavity, which avoids dust flying and polluting the environment. After the transparent door panel is installed, on the one hand, it is convenient for the staff to observe the discharge condition of the crushing box 12, and on the other hand, it is convenient for the staff to take out the metal products exposed in the block concrete.

To sum up, this solution can realize automatic crushing and crushing of waste concrete, and the materials after crushing and multi-stage crushing can be used in various places, thereby improving the recycling value of concrete.

Claims (5)

1. The waste concrete crushing device is characterized by comprising a block crushing mechanism, a material conveying mechanism and a crushing device, wherein the block crushing mechanism comprises a supporting table and a crushing box fixed on the supporting table, a lump material inlet is formed in a top plate of the crushing box, a sealing plate with one side extending out of the lump material inlet is installed at the bottom of the lump material inlet, a metal detector in contact with a bottom plate of the crushing box is fixed in the supporting table, and the sealing plate positioned outside the lump material inlet is connected with a hydraulic cylinder through a connecting block;

a material guide plate obliquely extending to the bottom plate of the crushing box is connected to the top plate at the position of the lump material inlet; the guide plate comprises a fixed guide plate arranged on the top plate and a movable guide plate which is connected with the fixed guide plate through a hinge and can rotate towards the direction of the breaking hammer, and the lower surface of the movable guide plate is in contact with the bottom plate;

a hydraulic lifting cylinder is fixed on the inner surface of the top plate, a piston rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder extends out of the top plate, a transverse plate is fixed on the hydraulic lifting cylinder, and two ends of the transverse plate are fixedly connected with the breaking hammer through a connecting rod extending into the breaking box; the bottom plate is not connected with the side wall of the crushing box, one end of the bottom plate, which is positioned at the side of the discharge port, is hinged on the support table, and the other end of the bottom plate is fixed on an electric rod of the electric telescopic rod;

the electric telescopic rod is fixed in an accommodating cavity formed in the support table, and an accommodating groove into which the material conveying mechanism extends is formed in the support table below the discharge port; the driving rollers at the two ends of the material conveying mechanism are respectively and movably arranged in the material inlet at the top end of the crushing device and in the accommodating tank, and the driving rollers in the accommodating tank are connected with the motor; flanges are arranged on the edges of two sides of a conveying belt of the material conveying mechanism, and a plurality of stop blocks arranged along the width direction of the conveying belt are arranged on the conveying belt at equal intervals;

the crushing device comprises a crushing mechanism arranged in a crushing cavity and a coarse aggregate storage box communicated with the crushing cavity through a screen plate, the crushing cavity is connected with the cyclone dust collector through a pipeline, and a filter screen with the aperture of 0.2mm is arranged on the inlet side of the pipeline; the discharge end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with the powder storage box; the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic lifting cylinder, the electric telescopic rod, the metal detector, the crushing mechanism, the motor and the cyclone dust collector are all connected with the controller.

2. The waste concrete crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing chamber comprises a coarse crushing chamber, an extrusion crushing chamber and a fine crushing chamber which are divided by a mesh plate arranged from top to bottom, and the coarse crushing chamber, the extrusion crushing chamber and the fine crushing chamber are respectively provided with a coarse crushing mechanism, an extrusion crushing mechanism and a fine crushing mechanism; the aperture of all the screen plates of the crushing device is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the aperture of the screen plate at the lowermost layer of the crushing device is 5 mm; the coarse crushing mechanism, the extrusion crushing mechanism and the fine crushing mechanism are all connected with a controller.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the coarse crushing mechanism comprises two rows of crushing rollers mounted on the side wall of the coarse crushing chamber through bearings, each row of crushing rollers consisting of two crushing rollers; the crushing rollers are provided with triangular crushing blades, the crushing blades on two adjacent crushing rollers extend mutually, and the crushing blade of one crushing roller extends into a gap formed by the crushing blade of the other crushing roller; the two crushing rollers positioned in the same column are connected with the same first motor through a conveyor belt;

the extrusion crushing mechanism comprises two rows of extrusion rollers which are arranged on the side wall of the extrusion crushing cavity through bearings, each row of extrusion rollers consists of two extrusion rollers, the gap between the upper row of extrusion rollers is larger than the gap between the lower row of extrusion rollers, and the gap between the lower row of extrusion rollers is equal to 10 mm; the extrusion rollers in the same row are connected with the same second motor through a transmission belt;

the fine crushing mechanism comprises a third motor which is arranged in the coarse aggregate storage box through a base, an output shaft of the third motor extends into the fine crushing cavity, and a crushing cutter with the diameter gradually increased from top to bottom is arranged on the output shaft in the fine crushing cavity; the first motor, the second motor and the third motor are all connected with the controller.

4. The apparatus for crushing waste concrete according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing block connected to the hydraulic lift cylinder is installed on a side wall of the crushing box, the reinforcing block is provided with a through hole for a connecting rod to pass through, and a cushion pad is adhered to a lower surface of the reinforcing block.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material inlet and the material transfer mechanism are both disposed in a dust-proof box, and a transparent door panel is installed in the dust-proof box adjacent to the discharge port.

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