CN109539910B - High-precision electronic detonator delay device and method - Google Patents
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- CN109539910B CN109539910B CN201811419556.9A CN201811419556A CN109539910B CN 109539910 B CN109539910 B CN 109539910B CN 201811419556 A CN201811419556 A CN 201811419556A CN 109539910 B CN109539910 B CN 109539910B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic detonators, and particularly relates to a high-precision electronic detonator delay device and method; the technical problem to be solved is as follows: the high-precision electronic detonator delay device and method have the advantages that the command recognition accuracy is high and the delay precision is high in severe environment; the technical scheme is as follows: is provided with: starting a module reference value calculation module, a command identification module and a delay timer; the starting module is used for electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip and loading a delay value Y; the reference value calculation module is used for identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtaining a reference value through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0; the command identification module is used for identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation; and the delay timer is used for starting delay calculation after receiving the command value to obtain a delay count value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic detonators, and particularly relates to a high-precision electronic detonator delay device and method.
Background
The electronic detonator receives a command from the host computer and then executes operations such as delay, ignition and the like of the explosive, has high safety, flexibility and extremely high delay precision, and gradually replaces the traditional method for realizing delay by using delay powder and the like.
However, the application environment of the electronic detonator is extremely severe, the electronic detonator often has the characteristics of wide temperature range (-70-120 ℃), large humidity and strong shock wave, and signals are often greatly interfered by noise in the process of transmitting commands from a host to the electronic detonator, so that high requirements are provided for the command identification method; in addition, in order to further reduce the cost, the clock source generated by the RC circuit inside the chip tends to be a trend, and the clock generated by the RC circuit is affected by the chip manufacturing process, the temperature and other factors, and the clock generated by the RC circuit tends to have a large deviation, which in turn increases the difficulty for the command identification and the high-precision delay.
In summary, the difficulties of the electronic detonator are: and the received command is accurately identified in a severe environment, so that accurate time delay is realized. This requires those skilled in the art to design a delay circuit that can accurately recognize commands and achieve high accuracy in harsh environments and with inaccurate clocks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, and solves the technical problems that: the high-precision electronic detonator delay device and the method have the advantages of high command recognition accuracy and high delay precision in severe environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a high accuracy electron detonator delay unit, be provided with in the electron detonator chip: starting a module reference value calculation module, a command identification module and a delay timer; the starting module is used for electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip and loading a delay value Y; the reference value calculation module is used for identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtaining a reference value Ref through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0; the command identification module is used for identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation; and the delay timer is used for starting delay calculation after receiving the command value to obtain a delay count value.
Preferably, the reference value calculation module includes: a reference value measurement counter, a reference value counter, a multiplier and a reference value measurement period counter; the reference value measurement counter is used for identifying a local clock signal when the value of the reference value flag register is 0, and adding 1 to the counter of the reference value measurement counter after receiving a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse; a reference value measurement period counter for identifying a local clock signal when the reference value flag register is assigned to 0, and subtracting 1 from the reference value measurement period counter when a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received; and the reference value counter is used for shifting the value of the reference value measuring counter to the right by 3 bits to obtain a reference value Ref and setting the value of the reference value flag register to be 1 when the count of the reference value measuring period counter is reduced to be 0.
Preferably, the command recognition module includes: the device comprises a reference value flag register, a measuring counter divider, a decoder, a command judgment module and a selector; the reference value flag register is used for storing assignment of the reference value flag register, the assignment is 0 in an initialization state, and the assignment of the reference value flag register is set to be 1 after the reference value counter is calculated; the measurement counter is used for measuring the command bit of the detonation command and recording the command bit as a measurement value when the value of the reference value flag register is assigned to be 1; a divider for left-shifting the measured value by 2 bits and then dividing by the reference value Ref to obtain an intermediate value M', wherein: v is one or several specific values; a decoder for decoding the intermediate value M 'and decoding M' in the interval [4 × M-1-4 × V, 4 × M +1-4 × V ] into a command value M, wherein V is a specific value; the selector is used for directly transmitting the measured value to the command decision module at the next falling edge after the measuring counter measures the command bit width M, resetting and starting to measure a new command bit; and the command judgment module is used for outputting the command value to the delay timer.
Preferably, the formula of the postpone timer (104) is:
wherein: y is a delay value, 1/4096 is a delay step size, the unit is second, tau is a fixed period time when the reference value is calculated, 65535 is the maximum count value of a 24-bit wide delay timer, N is a delay count value, and Ref is the reference value.
Preferably, the bit width of the priming command is: τ (m + V).
Correspondingly, the high-precision electronic detonator delay method comprises the following steps: s10, electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip, and loading a delay value Y; s20, identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtaining a reference value Ref through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0; s30, identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation; and S40, after receiving the command value, starting delay calculation to obtain a delay count value.
Preferably, the identifying the reference value flag register assigns a value, and when the reference value flag register assigns a value of 0, the reference value is obtained through calculation, and the method specifically includes: the counter is used for identifying a local clock signal when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0, and after a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received, the counter of the reference value measurement counter is increased by 1, and the counter of the reference value measurement period counter is decreased by 1; when the count of the reference value measurement period counter is reduced to 0, the value of the reference value measurement counter is shifted to the right by 3 bits to obtain a reference value Ref, and the value of the reference value flag register is set to 1.
Preferably, the identifying the reference value flag register assigns a value, and when the reference value flag register assigns a value of 1, the obtaining the command value by calculation specifically includes: when the value of the reference value flag register is 1, measuring the command bit of the detonation command and recording the command bit as a measured value; shifting the measured value by 2 bits left and then dividing the value by a reference value Ref to obtain an intermediate value M'; decoding the intermediate value M ', decoding M' in the interval [ 4M-1-4V, 4M + 1-4V ] into the command value M, wherein: v is a specific value; when the measuring counter measures the command bit width M, the measured value is directly transmitted to the command judgment module on the next falling edge; the command value is output to the deferral timer.
Preferably, the formula of the postpone timer is:
wherein: y is a delay value, 1/4096 is a delay step size, the unit is second, tau is a fixed period time when the reference value is calculated, 65535 is the maximum count value of a 24-bit wide delay timer, N is a delay count value, and Ref is the reference value.
Preferably, the bit width of the priming command is: τ (m + V).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the high-precision electronic detonator delay device and method, the reference value, the command value and the delay count value are obtained through calculation, a local clock is not directly utilized for timing, the delay precision can be greatly improved, the requirement on the clock precision is not high, and the integration is easy.
2. According to the high-precision electronic detonator delay device and method, when the reference value is calculated, 8 reference value measuring periods (each period takes 16/1024 seconds) are continuously measured, 16/1024s are sent out by a host computer, the reference value measuring periods can be very accurate, meanwhile, the value of a reference measuring counter is continuously shifted to the right by 3, the effect of the delay device is equivalent to that the count values of 8 16/1024 seconds are continuously accumulated and then averaged, and the accuracy of the reference value can be further improved.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings;
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision electronic detonator delay device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision electronic detonator delay device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a high-precision electronic detonator delay device provided in the third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a high-precision electronic detonator delay method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of reference value calculation, command recognition and deferred time value calculation in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 10 is a reference value calculation module, 20 is a command identification module, 30 is a delay timer, and 40 is a starting module;
101 is a reference value measurement counter, 102 is a reference value counter, 103 is a multiplier, 104 is a reference value measurement period counter, 105 is a reference value measurement period counter;
reference value flag register 201, measurement counter 202, divider 203, decoder 204, command decision block 205, and selector 206.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision electronic detonator delay device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the high-precision electronic detonator delay device is provided with: a starting module 40, a reference value calculating module 10, a command recognizing module 20 and a delay timer 30; the starting module 40 is used for electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip and loading a delay value Y; the output end of the reference value calculation module 10 is connected to the input end of the delay timer 30, and is configured to identify the assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtain a reference value Ref through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0; the command identification module 20 is configured to identify assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtain a command value through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 1; the delay timer 30 is used for starting delay calculation after receiving the command value to obtain a delay count value; wherein: the initialization comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of clearing a reference value measurement counter (DT _1), a reference value Flag register (Flag), a deferral timer (DT _2), a reference value counter (Ref) and a measurement counter (MT), and setting the reference value measurement period (DTC) counter to be 8.
The invention obtains the reference value, the command value and the delay count value through calculation, does not directly utilize the local clock for timing, can greatly improve the delay precision, has low requirement on the clock precision and is easy to integrate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a delay device for an electronic detonator chip according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the reference value calculating module 10 includes: a reference value measurement counter 101, a reference value counter 102, a multiplier 103, and a reference value measurement period counter 105; the reference value measurement counter 101 is configured to identify a local clock signal when the reference value flag register is assigned to 0, and add 1 to a counter of the reference value measurement counter 101 when a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received; a reference value measurement period counter 105 for identifying a local clock signal when the reference value flag register is assigned to 0, and subtracting 1 from the counter of the reference value measurement period counter 105 when a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received; and a reference value counter 102, configured to shift the value of the reference value measurement counter 101 by 3 bits to the right to obtain a reference value Ref when the count of the reference value measurement period counter 105 is reduced to 0, and set the value of the reference value flag register to 1.
In the invention, when the reference value is calculated, 8 reference value measuring periods (each period takes 16/1024 seconds) are continuously measured, 16/1024s are sent by a host computer, the accuracy can be very high, meanwhile, the value of the reference measuring counter is continuously shifted to the right by 3 bits, the effect of the method is equivalent to accumulating and then averaging the count values of 8 16/1024 seconds, and the accuracy of the reference value can be further improved.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a high-precision electronic detonator delay device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the command recognition module 20 includes: a reference value flag register 201, a measurement counter 202, a divider 203, a decoder 204, a command decision module 205, and a selector 206; the reference value flag register 201 is used for storing assignment of the reference value flag register 201, the assignment is 0 in an initialization state, and the assignment of the reference value flag register 201 is set to 1 after the reference value counter 102 finishes calculation; a measurement counter 202, configured to measure a command bit of the detonation command and record the command bit as a measurement value when the reference value flag register 201 is assigned to be 1; the divider 203 is configured to shift the measured value by 2 bits left and then divide the measured value by the reference value Ref to obtain an intermediate value M'; a decoder 204 for decoding the intermediate value M ', and decoding M' in the interval [4 × M-1-4 × V, 4 × M +1-4 × V ] into a command value M; a selector 206, configured to directly transmit the measurement value to the command decision module 205 on the next falling edge after the measurement counter 202 measures the command bit width, clear the measurement value, and then start a new command bit measurement; and a command decision module 205 for outputting the command value to the postpone timer 30.
In the present invention, M is not directly calculated but obtained by decoding, and the deviation of the value of the command bit can be allowed to reach ± 0.25.
Specifically, the following components: the calculation formula of the delay timer (30) is as follows:
wherein: y is a delay value, 1/4096 is a delay step size, the unit is second, tau is a fixed period time when the reference value is calculated, 65535 is the maximum count value of a 24-bit wide delay timer, N is a delay count value, and Ref is the reference value.
When τ is 16/1024 seconds, equation (1) can be reduced to equation (2):
wherein, Y Ref is realized by a multiplier, the result of the multiplier is shifted right by 6 bits to divide by 64, and then a simple combinational logic circuit is used to calculate the delay count value N.
Further, the bit width of the priming command is as follows: τ (m + V), for ease of description and understanding, τ is 16/1024 seconds, V is 4, the delay step is 1/4096 seconds, and the 8 fixed periods after the reference command are 16/1024 seconds.
In the invention, the delay precision is improved in that even if the clock frequency is 256kHz, the clock deviation is-20%, the number of times of counting corresponding to 16/1024 can reach 3600 times, and the corresponding delay precision is 1/3600 approximately equal to 0.28 per thousand, which is far higher than the standard of 1% in the industry. In practical applications of electronic detonators, most clock frequencies are not below 256 kHz.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a high-precision electronic detonator delay method according to a first embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 4, a high-precision electronic detonator delay method includes the following steps: s10, electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip, and loading a delay value Y; s20, identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtaining a reference value Ref through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0; s30, identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation; s40, after receiving the command value, starting delay calculation to obtain a delay count value; wherein: the initialization is performed by clearing a reference value measurement counter (DT _1), a reference value Flag register (Flag), a deferral timer (DT _2), a reference value counter (Ref) and a measurement counter (MT), and setting a reference value measurement period (DTC) counter to 8.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of reference value calculation, command recognition and deferred time value calculation in accordance with the present invention; as shown in fig. 5, the identifying the reference value flag register assignment, when the reference value flag register assignment is 0, obtaining the reference value through calculation, specifically includes: the counter is used for identifying a local clock signal when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0, and after a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received, the counter of the reference value measurement counter is increased by 1, and the counter of the reference value measurement period counter is decreased by 1; when the count of the reference value measurement period counter is reduced to 0, the value of the reference value measurement counter is shifted to the right by 3 bits to obtain a reference value Ref, and the value of the reference value flag register is set to 1.
Specifically, the identifying a reference value flag register assignment, and obtaining a command value through calculation when the reference value flag register assignment is 1, specifically includes: when the value of the reference value flag register is 1, measuring the command bit of the detonation command and recording the command bit as a measured value; shifting the measured value by 2 bits left and then dividing the value by a reference value Ref to obtain an intermediate value M'; decoding the intermediate value M ', and decoding M' in the interval [ 4M-1-4V, 4M + 1-4V ] into a command value M; when the measuring counter measures the command bit width M, the measured value is directly transmitted to the command judgment module on the next falling edge; outputting the command value to a postpone timer; in this example, V is 4. As long as the value deviation error of the command bit is within ± 0.25, that is, error × 0.25 is less than 1, the command recognition module can correctly recognize the command.
In the embodiment, the reference value is a special command, the M value of the special command is much larger than that of other commands, the M value in the command is discontinuous, and the command can be identified only by judging the measured value; in order to improve the coding efficiency and distinguish from the reference value calculation command, the M values of other commands are small and continuous.
In the present embodiment, the reference value command is composed of 3 bits, M is 64, 96, 128; and the M values of other commands are 0-17 and can be continuous, and the pulse period of 8 fixed periods after the command for calculating the reference value is 16/1024 seconds. It should be noted that the command for identifying the reference value calculation does not need to perform a special calculation, and the measured value is directly sent to the command decision module 205 for decision.
Further, the formula of the deferral timer is as follows:
wherein: y is a delay value, 1/4096 is a delay step size, the unit is second, tau is a fixed period time when the reference value is calculated, 65535 is the maximum count value of a 24-bit wide delay timer, N is a delay count value, and Ref is the reference value.
The bit width of the detonation command is as follows: τ (M + V), in particular, in the encoding method of the electronic detonator command, it is a common form to use τ (M + V) to represent the bit width of the command, where τ is a specific time value, typically 1/1024 seconds, 8/1024 seconds, 16/1024 seconds, etc., V is one or several specific values, e.g., 3, 4, 5, etc., and M represents the command value.
The local clock signal frequency in this embodiment is 256kHz with an accuracy of ± 20%.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high accuracy electron detonator delay device which characterized in that: the electronic detonator chip is internally provided with: a starting module (40), a reference value calculating module (10), a command identifying module (20) and a delay timer (30);
the starting module (40) is used for electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip and loading a delay value Y;
the reference value calculation module (10) is used for identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register (201), and when the assignment of the reference value flag register (201) is 0, obtaining a reference value Ref through calculation;
the command identification module (20) is used for identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register (201), and when the assignment of the reference value flag register (201) is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation;
the delay timer (30) is used for starting delay calculation after receiving the command value to obtain a delay count value;
the reference value calculation module (10) comprises: a reference value measurement counter (101), a reference value counter (102), a multiplier (103), and a reference value measurement period counter (105);
the reference value measurement counter (101) is used for identifying a local clock signal when the value of the reference value flag register is 0, and adding 1 to the counter of the reference value measurement counter (101) after a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received;
a reference value measurement period counter (105) for identifying the local clock signal when the reference value flag register is assigned a value of 0, the counter of the reference value measurement period counter (105) being decremented by 1 upon receipt of a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse;
the reference value counter (102) is used for shifting the value of the reference value measurement counter (101) to the right by 3 bits to obtain a reference value Ref and setting the value of the reference value flag register to be 1 when the count of the reference value measurement period counter (105) is reduced to be 0;
the command recognition module (20) comprises: a reference value flag register (201), a measurement counter (202), a divider (203), a decoder (204), a command decision module (205), and a selector (206);
the reference value flag register (201) is used for storing assignment of the reference value flag register (201), the assignment is 0 in an initialization state, and the assignment of the reference value flag register (201) is set to 1 after the reference value counter (102) finishes calculation;
the measurement counter (202) is used for measuring the command bit of the detonation command and recording the command bit as a measurement value when the value of the reference value flag register (201) is assigned to be 1;
a divider (203) for shifting the measured value by 2 bits left and then dividing by the reference value Ref to obtain an intermediate value M';
a decoder (204) for decoding the intermediate value M ', decoding M' in the interval [ 4M-1-4V, 4M + 1-4V ] into the command value M, wherein: v is a specific value;
the selector (206) is used for directly transmitting the measured value to the command decision module (205) at the next falling edge after the measurement counter (202) measures the command bit width, clearing the measured value and then starting a new command bit measurement;
a command decision module (205) for outputting a command value to the deferral timer (30);
the calculation formula of the delay timer (30) is as follows:
wherein: y is a delay value, 1/4096 is a delay step size, the unit is second, tau is a fixed period time when the reference value is calculated, 65535 is the maximum count value of a 24-bit wide delay timer, N is a delay count value, and Ref is the reference value.
2. The high-precision electronic detonator delay device according to claim 1, wherein: the bit width of the detonation command is as follows: τ (m + V).
3. A high-precision electronic detonator delay method is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
s10, electrifying and initializing the electronic detonator chip, and loading a delay value Y;
s20, identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and obtaining a reference value Ref through calculation when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0;
s30, identifying the assignment of the reference value flag register, and when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation;
s40, after receiving the command value, starting delay calculation to obtain a delay count value;
the identifying reference value flag register assignment, when the reference value flag register assignment is 0, obtaining a reference value through calculation, specifically including:
the counter is used for identifying a local clock signal when the assignment of the reference value flag register is 0, and after a clock falling edge or rising edge pulse is received, the counter of the reference value measurement counter is increased by 1, and the counter of the reference value measurement period counter is decreased by 1;
when the count of the reference value measurement period counter is reduced to 0, the value of the reference value measurement counter is shifted to the right by 3 bits to obtain a reference value Ref, and the value of the reference value flag register is set to 1;
the identifying reference value flag register assignment, when the reference value flag register assignment is 1, obtaining a command value through calculation, specifically including:
when the value of the reference value flag register is 1, measuring the command bit of the detonation command and recording the command bit as a measured value;
shifting the measured value by 2 bits left and then dividing the value by a reference value Ref to obtain an intermediate value M';
decoding the intermediate value M ', decoding M' in the interval [ 4M-1-4V, 4M + 1-4V ] into the command value M, wherein: v is a specific value;
when the measuring counter measures the command bit width, the measured value is directly transmitted to the command decision module on the next falling edge;
outputting the command value to a postpone timer;
the calculation formula of the delay timer is as follows:
wherein: y is a delay value, 1/4096 is a delay step size, the unit is second, tau is a fixed period time when the reference value is calculated, 65535 is the maximum count value of a 24-bit wide delay timer, N is a delay count value, and Ref is the reference value.
4. The high-precision electronic detonator delay method according to claim 3, wherein: the bit width of the detonation command is as follows: τ (m + V).
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| CN111666597B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-05-18 | 上海微符尔半导体有限公司 | On-chip storage method and device for electronic detonator chip |
| CN111895868B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2023-01-17 | 上海芯跳科技有限公司 | Rapid high-precision time delay method for electronic detonator |
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| KR100273990B1 (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 2000-12-15 | 야마모토 카즈모토 | Electronic delay detonator |
| KR101143389B1 (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-05-22 | 원화코퍼레이션 주식회사 | Electronic delay detonation apparatus and electronic detonation blasting system |
| CN102538602B (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2014-07-16 | 贵州久联民爆器材发展股份有限公司 | Method and device for oscillation delay of electronic detonator |
| US9146088B1 (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2015-09-29 | The Boeing Company | High shock survivable fuze |
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| WO2018090231A1 (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-24 | 南通迅翔自动化设备有限公司 | Electronic delay detonator control circuit |
| CN106933535B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-11-26 | 福建魔方电子科技有限公司 | A method of realizing that high-precision is delayed in SCM system |
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