CN109539851B - Modularized self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system - Google Patents

Modularized self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system Download PDF

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CN109539851B
CN109539851B CN201811594514.9A CN201811594514A CN109539851B CN 109539851 B CN109539851 B CN 109539851B CN 201811594514 A CN201811594514 A CN 201811594514A CN 109539851 B CN109539851 B CN 109539851B
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water
heat exchange
heat
gas
exchange module
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CN109539851A (en
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郭小虎
杜媛
李军民
李媛
谭月
张小龙
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Shanxi Daqin Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Shanxi Daqin Environmental Technology Co ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/56Heat recovery units

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

A modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a heat pipe heat exchanger module, a gas-gas heat exchange system and a gas-water heat exchange system. The flue gas waste heat recovery system has strong adaptability, and can flexibly combine and arrange the heat exchange modules according to different load requirements of gas-gas and gas-water heat exchange, thereby meeting the flue gas waste heat recovery and heat exchange requirements under different design conditions. The flue gas waste heat recovery system has strong adjustability, and controls the heat and mass balance of the flue gas waste heat recovery system through the characteristics of easy water quantity adjustment of the water heat exchange module and quick temperature equalization of the heat pipe, thereby achieving the optimal waste heat recovery effect. The flue gas waste heat recovery system has high waste heat utilization rate, and the heat loss is reduced by utilizing flue gas rotational flow, high heat conduction performance of the heat pipe, a water jacket, a vacuum jacket and other strengthening measures, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is improved.

Description

Modularized self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy environmental protection, in particular to a flue gas waste heat utilization system, a heat pipe heat exchange device and an energy-saving device.
Background
At present, the energy structure of China mainly comprises fossil energy including coal, fuel oil, natural gas and the like, and the balance is non-fossil energy including biomass, solar energy, wind energy and the like. Fossil energy and part of non-fossil energy release a large amount of heat energy in the combustion process, and high-temperature flue gas after combustion can take away 5% -15% of boiler heat supply (wherein 70% of heat can be recycled). The recycling of the flue gas waste heat has great significance for improving the boiler efficiency and reducing the total energy consumption.
A heat pipe (or called heat pipe) is an element for realizing heat transfer by means of phase change of working liquid in the heat pipe, and generally comprises a pipe shell, a liquid absorption core and a working medium. The heat pipe shell is usually made of metal, end covers are welded at two ends of the heat pipe shell, a pipe core (or no pipe core if the heat pipe is a gravity type heat pipe) made of porous materials is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a certain working medium is injected into the pipe after the pipe is vacuumized, and then the pipe is sealed.
The heat pipe is made of special material with the characteristic of rapid temperature equalization, the hollow metal pipe body has the characteristic of light weight, and the characteristic of rapid temperature equalization enables the heat pipe to have excellent heat superconducting performance. The equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the heat pipe can reach 10 5 W/m.degree.C, the heat conduction rate is hundreds of times or even thousands of times of that of metals such as copper, aluminum and the like. The heat pipe type heat exchanger has the advantages of large heat transmission capacity, reversible heat transmission direction, variable heat flux density, strong environmental adaptation capacity, small resistance loss and the like, so the heat pipe type heat exchanger can recycle low-grade waste heat to a large extent.
The flue gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger can be divided into a gas-water heat exchanger and a gas-gas heat exchanger according to heat exchange media, and the structural type of the flue gas waste heat recovery heat exchanger is that hot and cold media flow reversely or in the same shell to realize convection heat transfer. On the basis of the structure of a traditional heat exchanger, the separated heat pipe heat exchanger separates cold and hot fluids to be respectively positioned at the upper part and the lower part of the heat exchanger by utilizing the characteristic of quick temperature equalization of a heat pipe and adopting a separated design, and finally divides the heat exchanger into an evaporation section, an adiabatic section and a condensation section.
When the heat source supplies heat to the evaporator section, the working medium absorbs heat from the heat source and is vaporized into steam, the steam flows to the other end along the middle channel at a high speed under the action of pressure difference, and the steam is condensed into liquid after releasing latent heat to the cold source in the condenser section; when the working medium is evaporated in the evaporation section, the gas-liquid interface is concave downward to form many meniscus liquid surfaces to generate capillary pressure, the liquid working medium returns to the evaporation section under the action of the capillary pressure of the tube core and the reflux power of gravity, etc. to continue heat absorption and evaporation, and the circulation is repeated, so that the evaporation and condensation of the working medium continuously transfer heat from the hot end to the cold end.
The heat pipe heat exchanger separates cold and hot fluids, the middle of the heat pipe heat exchanger is usually separated by a pipe plate, and the heat pipe is suspended on the pipe plate, and a static seal or welding structure can be adopted at the position, according to the design requirement. The heat pipe heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, compact structure, small pressure loss, being beneficial to controlling dew point corrosion and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a gas-gas heat exchange system and a gas-water heat exchange system.
The gas-gas heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a gas heat exchange module B, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank I34, a circulating water pump I35, a cooler I36, a heat supply heat exchanger I37, a regulating water tank I38 and a draught fan I39; a circulating water outlet 8 of the water heat exchange module C is connected to a hot water tank I34, and the hot water tank I34 is used for storing hot water in the system; the hot water tank I34 is connected with a circulating water pump I35, and the circulating water pump I35 is respectively connected with a cooler I36 or a heat supply heat exchanger I37; the circulating hot water is sent into a cooler I36 through a circulating water pump I35 or sent into a heat supply heat exchanger I37 to supply heat to external users; the cooler I36 and the heat supply heat exchanger I37 are converged into a regulating water tank I38; the regulating water tank I38 is respectively connected to the hot water tank I34 and the circulating water inlet 7.
The gas-water heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank II53, a circulating water pump II54, a cooler II55, a heat supply heat exchanger II56, a regulating water tank II57 and an induced draft fan II58; a circulating water outlet 8 of the water heat exchange module C is connected to a hot water tank II53, and the hot water tank II53 is used for storing hot water in the system; the hot water tank II53 is connected with a circulating water pump II54, the circulating water pump II54 is connected with a cooler II55 and a heat supply heat exchanger II56, and circulating hot water is sent into the cooler II55 through the circulating water pump II54 or sent into the heat supply heat exchanger II56 to supply heat to external users; the cooler II55 and the heat exchanger II56 merge into a regulating reservoir II57.
The gas heat exchange module A is positioned below, the water heat exchange module C is positioned in the middle, and the gas heat exchange module B is positioned above; the gas heat exchange module A, the gas heat exchange module B and the water heat exchange module C are tightly connected into a whole through pipe flanges 18.
As the technical scheme further optimizes: the gas heat exchange module A comprises a flue gas inlet 1, a flue gas outlet 2, a gas heat exchange module 3, a jacket 12, a jacket circulating water outlet 13, a jacket circulating water inlet 14, a pipe flange 18, liquid discharge pipes 19 and 20 and a heat pipe 21; a flue gas inlet 1 is formed in one side of the gas heat exchange module 3, hot flue gas enters the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas inlet 1, a spiral channel is formed in the gas heat exchange module 3, and the hot flue gas rises spirally through the spiral channel and generates convective heat transfer and thermal radiation with heat pipes 21 uniformly distributed at the spiral structure outside the gas heat exchange module 3; the flue gas flows to the top end and then tangentially enters the inner cylinder of the gas heat exchange module 3, spirally descends along the reverse direction, and flows out of the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas outlet 2; the gas heat exchange module 3 is of an inner and outer double-cylinder structure, and a hole is formed in the wall surface of the inner cylinder at the top; a jacket 12 is arranged outside the gas heat exchange module 3, and a jacket circulating water inlet 14 and a jacket circulating water outlet 13 are arranged on the jacket 12; the bottom of the gas heat exchange module 3 is provided with drain pipes 19 and 20 for discharging the condensate.
As the technical scheme further optimizes: the gas heat exchange module B and the gas heat exchange module A have the same structure.
As the technical scheme further optimizes: the outlet of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to the low-temperature flue gas flue 43, and the draught fan I39 forms negative pressure to enable the inner of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A to be in a negative pressure state, so that the heat preservation effect of the gas heat exchange module is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved.
As the technical scheme further optimizes: the water heat exchange module C comprises a circulating water inlet 7, a circulating water outlet 8, a baffle plate I10 and a baffle plate II11; a circulating water inlet 7 and a circulating water outlet 8 are formed in two sides of the water heat exchange module C and are communicated with the water heat exchange module C; the middle part of the water heat exchange module C is provided with a baffle plate I10 and a baffle plate II11, the baffle plate I10 and the baffle plate II11 are both in semicircular structures, the baffle plate II11 and the circulating water outlet 8 are on the same horizontal plane, and the baffle plate I10 and the circulating water inlet 7 are on the same horizontal plane.
Further optimized as the technical scheme: the gas-gas heat exchange system also comprises a regulating water automatic control valve I40, a cooling water automatic control valve I41 and a water level control valve I42; the water regulating automatic control valve I40 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet; the cooling water automatic control valve I41 controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank I34, so that the overall heat balance of the circulating water system is ensured; the level control valve I42 controls the valve switch according to the level of the regulating water tank I38 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system.
Further optimized as the technical scheme: the gas-water heat exchange system also comprises a regulating water automatic control valve II59, a cooling water automatic control valve II60 and a water level control valve II61; the adjusting water automatic control valve II59 adjusts the flow rate of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow rate of high-temperature flue gas and controls the outlet temperature of air; the cooling water automatic control valve II60 controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank II53, so that the overall heat balance of the circulating water system is ensured; the level control valve II61 controls the valve opening and closing according to the level of the adjusting water tank II57 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal condition circulating water system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The device can be used for a flue gas waste heat recovery system, and can realize the efficient reutilization of flue gas waste heat under different design conditions by flexibly combining the gas heat exchange module and the water heat exchange module.
(2) The adjustability is strong, and the heat and mass balance of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is controlled by the characteristics that the water quantity of the water heat exchange module is easy to adjust and the heat pipe is quickly equalized, so that the optimal waste heat recovery effect is achieved.
(3) The heat transfer efficiency is enhanced by using strengthening measures such as gas rotational flow, high heat conduction performance of the heat pipe, a water jacket, a vacuum jacket and the like, the heat loss is reduced, and the waste heat recovery efficiency is higher.
(4) The heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, reliable performance, flexible adjustment, convenient maintenance, and good energy-saving effect and economic benefit.
(5) The flue gas waste heat recovery system has strong adaptability, and can flexibly combine and arrange the heat exchange modules according to different load requirements of gas-gas and gas-water heat exchange, thereby meeting the flue gas waste heat recovery and heat exchange requirements under different design conditions. The flue gas waste heat recovery system has strong adjustability, and controls the heat and mass balance of the flue gas waste heat recovery system through the characteristics of easy water quantity adjustment of the water heat exchange module and quick temperature equalization of the heat pipe, thereby achieving the optimal waste heat recovery effect. The flue gas waste heat recovery system has high waste heat utilization rate, and the heat loss is reduced by utilizing flue gas rotational flow, high heat conduction performance of the heat pipe, a water jacket, a vacuum jacket and other strengthening measures, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is improved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gas heat exchange module A, a gas heat exchange module B and a water heat exchange module C of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a gas heat exchange module A, a gas heat exchange module B and a water heat exchange module C according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular self-regulating heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system (gas-gas heat exchange system) according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system (gas-water heat exchange system) according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a flue gas inlet; 2. a flue gas outlet; 3,6, a gas heat exchange module; 4. an air inlet; 5. an air outlet; 7. a circulating water inlet; 8. a circulating water outlet; 9. a water heat exchange module; 10. a baffle plate I; 11. a baffle plate II; 12. 15, a jacket; 13. 16, a jacket circulating water outlet; 14. 17, a jacket circulating water inlet; 18. a pipe flange; 19. 20, a liquid discharge pipe; 21. a heat pipe; 31 32, a gas heat exchange module; 33. a water heat exchange module; 34. a hot water tank; 35. a circulating water pump; 36. a cooler; 37. a heat supply heat exchanger; 38. adjusting the water tank; 39. an induced draft fan; 40. a water regulating self-control valve; 41. a cooling water automatic control valve; 42. a water level control valve; 51. a gas heat exchange module; 52. a water heat exchange module; 53. a hot water tank; 54. a circulating water pump; 55. a cooler; 56. a heat supply heat exchanger; 57. adjusting the water tank; 58. an induced draft fan; 59. a water regulating self-control valve; 60. a cooling water automatic control valve; 61. a water level control valve.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order that the present disclosure may be more fully understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. While the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
A modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a gas-gas heat exchange system and a gas-water heat exchange system.
The gas-gas heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a gas heat exchange module B, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank I34, a circulating water pump I35, a cooler I36, a heat supply heat exchanger I37, a regulating water tank I38, an induced draft fan I39, a regulating water automatic control valve I40, a cooling water automatic control valve I41 and a water level control valve I42; the water regulating automatic control valve I40 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet; the cooling water automatic control valve I41 controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank I34, so that the overall heat balance of a circulating water system is ensured; the level control valve I42 controls the valve switch according to the level of the regulating water tank I38 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system.
The gas-water heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank II53, a circulating water pump II54, a cooler II55, a heat supply heat exchanger II56, a regulating water tank II57, an induced draft fan II58, a regulating water automatic control valve II59, a cooling water automatic control valve II60 and a water level control valve II61; a circulating water outlet 8 of the water heat exchange module C is connected to a hot water tank II53, and the hot water tank II53 is used for storing hot water in the system; the hot water tank II53 is connected to a circulating water pump II54, the circulating water pump II54 is connected to a cooler II55 and a heat supply heat exchanger II56, and circulating hot water is sent into the cooler II55 through the circulating water pump II54 or sent into the heat supply heat exchanger II56 to supply heat to external users. The cooler II55 and the heat exchanger II56 merge into a regulating reservoir II57. And the water regulating automatic control valve II59 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the outlet temperature of air. The cooling water automatic control valve II60 controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank II53, so that the overall heat balance of the circulating water system is ensured. The water level control valve II61 controls the valve switch according to the liquid level of the adjusting water tank II57 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system.
The gas heat exchange module A is positioned below, the water heat exchange module C is positioned in the middle, and the gas heat exchange module B is positioned above; the gas heat exchange module A, the gas heat exchange module B and the water heat exchange module C are tightly connected into a whole through a pipe flange 18.
The gas heat exchange module A comprises a flue gas inlet 1, a flue gas outlet 2, a gas heat exchange module 3, a jacket 12, a jacket circulating water outlet 13, a jacket circulating water inlet 14, a pipe flange 18, liquid discharge pipes 19 and 20 and a heat pipe 21. A flue gas inlet 1 is formed in one side of the gas heat exchange module 3, hot flue gas enters the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas inlet 1, a spiral channel is formed in the gas heat exchange module 3, and the hot flue gas rises spirally through the spiral channel and generates convective heat transfer and thermal radiation with heat pipes 21 uniformly distributed at the outer spiral structure of the gas heat exchange module 3; the flue gas flows to the top end and then tangentially enters the inner cylinder of the gas heat exchange module 3, spirally descends along the reverse direction, and flows out of the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas outlet 2; the gas heat exchange module 3 is of an inner and outer double-cylinder structure, and a hole is formed in the wall surface of the inner cylinder at the top; a jacket 12 is arranged outside the gas heat exchange module 3, and a jacket circulating water inlet 14 and a jacket circulating water outlet 13 are arranged on the jacket 12; the bottom of the gas heat exchange module 3 is provided with drain pipes 19 and 20 for discharging the condensate.
The gas heat exchange module B and the gas heat exchange module A have the same structure. The flue gas outlet 2 of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to the low-temperature flue gas flue 43, the draught fan I39 forms negative pressure to enable the inside of the outer sleeve of the gas heat exchange module A to be in a negative pressure state, the heat preservation effect of the gas heat exchange module is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved.
The water heat exchange module C comprises a circulating water inlet 7, a circulating water outlet 8, a baffle plate I10 and a baffle plate II11; a circulating water inlet 7 and a circulating water outlet 8 are formed in two sides of the water heat exchange module C and are communicated with the water heat exchange module C; the middle part of the water heat exchange module C is provided with a baffle plate I10 and a baffle plate II11, the baffle plate I10 and the baffle plate II11 are both in semicircular structures, the baffle plate II11 and the circulating water outlet 8 are on the same horizontal plane, and the baffle plate I10 and the circulating water inlet 7 are on the same horizontal plane.
A circulating water outlet 8 of the water heat exchange module C is connected to a hot water tank I34, and the hot water tank I34 is used for storing hot water in the system; the hot water tank I34 is connected with a circulating water pump I35, and the circulating water pump I35 is respectively connected with a cooler I36 or a heat supply heat exchanger I37; the circulating hot water is sent into a cooler I36 through a circulating water pump I35 or sent into a heat supply heat exchanger I37 to supply heat to external users; the cooler I36 and the heat supply heat exchanger I37 are converged into a regulating water tank I38; the regulating water tank I38 is respectively connected with the hot water tank I34 and the circulating water inlet 7.
An operation method of a modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises the following steps:
hot flue gas enters the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas inlet 1, rises spirally, and generates convection heat transfer and heat radiation with the heat pipes 21 uniformly distributed at the spiral structure outside the gas heat exchange module 3, and flue gas disturbance enhances the heat transfer effect and enables the heat transfer to be more uniform. The flue gas flows to the top end and then tangentially enters the inner side cylinder of the gas heat exchange module 3, spirally descends along the reverse direction, and flows out of the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas outlet 2.
Circulating water enters the water heat exchange module C from the circulating water inlet 7, absorbs heat from the surface of the heat pipe 21, rises in temperature, flows upwards, crosses the baffle plate I10, and flows out of the water heat exchange module C from the circulating water outlet 8.
The gas heat exchange module A absorbs heat of hot flue gas, the gas heat exchange module B heats cold air by using the heat of the hot flue gas, and the water heat exchange module C adjusts heat exchange load of the gas-gas heat exchange combined module by using circulating water to control temperature of the hot air. The hot water tank I34 is used for storing hot water in the system, and circulating hot water is sent to a cooler I36 through a circulating water pump I35 or is sent to a heat supply heat exchanger I37 to supply heat to an external user. The circulating hot water at the cooler I36 and the heat supply heat exchanger I37 releases heat and then is converged into the regulating water tank I38 to be mixed, so that the water temperature is uniform and the pressure is stable. And the water regulating automatic control valve I40 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet. The cooling water automatic control valve I41 controls the flow of the cooling water according to the temperature of the water in the hot water tank I34, and ensures the heat balance of the whole circulating water system. The level control valve I42 controls the valve switch according to the level of the regulating water tank I38 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system. The outlet of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to the low-temperature flue gas flue 43, and the draught fan I39 forms negative pressure to enable the inner of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A to be in a negative pressure state, so that the heat preservation effect of the gas heat exchange module is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved.
The gas heat exchange module A absorbs heat of hot flue gas, the water heat exchange module C heats circulating water by utilizing the heat of the hot flue gas, circulating water valve switches at branch pipes at an inlet and an outlet of the water heat exchange module C are used for controlling the flow rate of the circulating water, and the heat exchange area of the circulating water and a heat pipe is adjusted so as to control the heat exchange efficiency of the gas-water heat exchange combined module. The hot water tank II53 is used for storing hot water in the system, and the circulating hot water is sent to the cooler II55 through the circulating water pump II54 or sent to the heat supply heat exchanger II56 for supplying heat to external users. The circulating hot water at the cooler II55 and the heat supply heat exchanger II56 releases heat and then converges into the regulating water tank II57 to be mixed, so that the water temperature is uniform and the pressure is stable. And the water regulating automatic control valve II59 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the outlet temperature of air. The cooling water automatic control valve II60 controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank II53, so that the overall heat balance of the circulating water system is ensured. The water level control valve II61 controls the valve switch according to the liquid level of the adjusting water tank II57 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system. The outlet of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to a circulating water system, the gas-water heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved by enhancing the heat radiation and convection heat transfer modes.
Examples
A modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system comprises a gas-gas heat exchange system and a gas-water heat exchange system.
The gas-gas heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a gas heat exchange module B, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank I34, a circulating water pump I35, a cooler I36, a heat supply heat exchanger I37, an adjusting water tank I38, an induced draft fan I39, an adjusting water automatic control valve I40, a cooling water automatic control valve I41 and a water level control valve I42.
The gas heat exchange module A comprises a flue gas inlet 1, a flue gas outlet 2, gas heat exchange modules 3 and 6, an air inlet 4, an air outlet 5, a circulating water inlet 7, a circulating water outlet 8, a water heat exchange module C, a baffle plate I10, a baffle plate II11, jackets 12 and 15, jacket circulating water outlets 13 and 16, jacket circulating water inlets 14 and 17, a pipe flange 18, liquid discharge pipes 19 and 20 and a heat pipe 21.
The gas heat exchange module B and the gas heat exchange module A have the same structure.
The gas heat exchange module A absorbs heat of hot flue gas, the gas heat exchange module B heats cold air by using the heat of the hot flue gas, and the water heat exchange module C adjusts heat exchange load of the gas-gas heat exchange combined module by using circulating water to control the temperature of the hot air. The hot water tank I34 is used for storing hot water in the system, and circulating hot water is sent into a cooler I36 through a circulating water pump I35 or sent into a heat supply heat exchanger I37 to supply heat to external users. The circulating hot water at the cooler I36 and the heat supply heat exchanger I37 releases heat and then is converged into the regulating water tank I38 to be mixed, so that the water temperature is uniform and the pressure is stable. The water regulating automatic control valve I40 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet. The cooling water automatic control valve I41 controls the flow of the cooling water according to the temperature of the water in the hot water tank I34, and ensures the heat balance of the whole circulating water system. The level control valve I42 controls the valve switch according to the level of the regulating water tank I38 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system. The outlet of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to the low-temperature flue gas flue 43, and the draught fan I39 forms negative pressure to enable the inner of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A to be in a negative pressure state, so that the heat preservation effect of the gas heat exchange module is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved.
Hot flue gas enters the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas inlet 1, rises spirally, and generates convective heat transfer and thermal radiation with the heat pipes 21 uniformly distributed at the external spiral structure of the gas heat exchange module 3, so that the flue gas disturbance enhances the heat transfer effect and ensures that the heat transfer is more uniform. The flue gas flows to the top end and then tangentially enters the inner side cylinder of the gas heat exchange module 3, spirally descends along the reverse direction, and flows out of the gas heat exchange module 3 from the flue gas outlet 2. The gas heat exchange module 3 is of an inner and outer double-cylinder structure, and a hole is formed in the wall surface of the inner cylinder body close to the pipe flange 18. The external jacket 12 of the gas heat exchange module 3 is an optional component, and the jacket 12 is provided with a jacket circulating water inlet 14 and a jacket circulating water outlet 13. The inclination angles of the bottom flues can be properly adjusted at the bottoms of the flue gas inlet 1 and the flue gas outlet 2 according to the liquid discharge requirements, so that condensate is discharged from the liquid discharge pipes 19 and 20.
Circulating water enters the water heat exchange module C from the circulating water inlet 7, absorbs heat from the surface of the heat pipe 21, rises in temperature, flows upwards, crosses the baffle plate I10, and flows out of the water heat exchange module C from the circulating water outlet 8. The baffle plate II11 and the baffle plate I10 are both of semicircular structures, the baffle plate II11 and the circulating water outlet 8 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the baffle plate I10 and the circulating water inlet 7 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the height of the baffle plate is properly adjusted according to the change of heat flow density and temperature, so that the circulating water flow field in the water heat exchange module C is uniformly distributed and performs sufficient heat exchange with the heat pipe 21.
The gas-water heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank II53, a circulating water pump II54, a cooler II55, a heat supply heat exchanger II56, a regulating water tank II57, an induced draft fan II58, a regulating water automatic control valve II59, a cooling water automatic control valve II60 and a water level control valve II61.
The gas heat exchange module A absorbs heat of hot flue gas, the water heat exchange module C heats circulating water by utilizing the heat of the hot flue gas, circulating water valve switches at branch pipes at an inlet and an outlet of the water heat exchange module C are used for controlling the flow rate of the circulating water, and the heat exchange area of the circulating water and a heat pipe is adjusted so as to control the heat exchange efficiency of the gas-water heat exchange combined module. The hot water tank II53 is used for storing hot water in the system, and the circulating hot water is sent to the cooler II55 through the circulating water pump II54 or sent to the heat supply heat exchanger II56 for supplying heat to external users. The circulating hot water at the cooler II55 and the heat supply heat exchanger II56 releases heat and then converges into the regulating water tank II57 to be mixed, so that the water temperature is uniform and the pressure is stable. And the water regulating automatic control valve II59 regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of the high-temperature flue gas and controls the outlet temperature of air. The cooling water automatic control valve II60 controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank II53, so that the overall heat balance of the circulating water system is ensured. The water level control valve II61 controls the valve switch according to the liquid level of the adjusting water tank II57 for the shutdown operation of the abnormal situation circulating water system. The outlet of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to a circulating water system, the gas-water heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved by enhancing the heat radiation and convection heat transfer modes.
The flue gas waste heat recovery system has strong adaptability, and can flexibly combine and arrange heat exchange modules according to different load requirements of gas-gas and gas-water heat exchange to meet the flue gas waste heat recovery and heat exchange requirements under different design conditions. The flue gas waste heat recovery system is high in adjustability, and the heat and mass balance of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is controlled through the characteristic that the water quantity of the water heat exchange module C is easy to adjust and the heat pipe 41 is rapid in temperature equalization, so that the optimal waste heat recovery effect is achieved. The flue gas waste heat recovery system has high waste heat utilization rate, and the heat loss is reduced by utilizing flue gas rotational flow, high heat conduction performance of the heat pipe, a water jacket, a vacuum jacket and other strengthening measures, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the flue gas waste heat recovery system is improved.
Although the embodiments have been described, other variations and modifications of the embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts, so that the above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a modularization self-interacting formula heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system which characterized in that: comprises a gas-gas heat exchange system and a gas-water heat exchange system;
the gas-gas heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a gas heat exchange module B, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank I (34), a circulating water pump I (35), a cooler I (36), a heat supply heat exchanger I (37), a regulating water tank I (38) and an induced draft fan I (39); a circulating water outlet (8) of the water heat exchange module C is connected to a hot water tank I (34), and the hot water tank I (34) is used for storing hot water in the system; the hot water tank I (34) is connected with a circulating water pump I (35), and the circulating water pump I (35) is respectively connected with a cooler I (36) or a heat supply heat exchanger I (37); the circulating hot water is sent to a cooler I (36) through a circulating water pump I (35) or sent to a heat supply heat exchanger I (37) to supply heat to external users; the cooler I (36) and the heat supply heat exchanger I (37) are converged into a regulating water tank I (38); the adjusting water tank I (38) is respectively connected with the hot water tank I (34) and the circulating water inlet (7);
the gas-water heat exchange system comprises a gas heat exchange module A, a water heat exchange module C, a hot water tank II (53), a circulating water pump II (54), a cooler II (55), a heat supply heat exchanger II (56), a regulating water tank II (57) and an induced draft fan II (58); a circulating water outlet (8) of the water heat exchange module C is connected to a hot water tank II (53), and the hot water tank II (53) is used for storing hot water in the system; the hot water tank II (53) is connected with the circulating water pump II (54), the circulating water pump II (54) is connected with the cooler II (55) and the heat supply heat exchanger II (56), and circulating hot water is sent into the cooler II (55) through the circulating water pump II (54) or sent into the heat supply heat exchanger II (56) to supply heat to external users; the cooler II (55) and the heat supply heat exchanger II (56) are converged into a regulating water tank II (57);
the gas heat exchange module A is positioned below, the water heat exchange module C is positioned in the middle, and the gas heat exchange module B is positioned above; the gas heat exchange module A, the gas heat exchange module B and the water heat exchange module C are tightly connected into a whole through pipe flanges (18);
the gas heat exchange module A comprises a flue gas inlet (1), a flue gas outlet (2), a gas heat exchange module (3), a jacket (12), a jacket circulating water outlet (13), a jacket circulating water inlet (14), a pipe flange (18), liquid discharge pipes (19, 20) and a heat pipe (21); a flue gas inlet (1) is formed in one side of the gas heat exchange module (3), hot flue gas enters the gas heat exchange module (3) from the flue gas inlet (1), a spiral channel is formed in the gas heat exchange module (3), and the hot flue gas rises spirally through the spiral channel and generates convective heat transfer and thermal radiation with heat pipes (21) uniformly distributed at the outer spiral structure of the gas heat exchange module (3); the flue gas flows to the top end and then tangentially enters the inner side cylinder of the gas heat exchange module (3), spirally descends along the reverse direction, and flows out of the gas heat exchange module (3) from the flue gas outlet (2); the gas heat exchange module (3) is of an inner and outer double-cylinder structure, and a hole is formed in the wall surface of the inner cylinder at the top; a jacket (12) is arranged outside the gas heat exchange module (3), and a jacket circulating water inlet (14) and a jacket circulating water outlet (13) are arranged on the jacket (12); the bottom of the gas heat exchange module (3) is provided with liquid discharge pipes (19, 20) for discharging condensate;
the gas heat exchange module B and the gas heat exchange module A have the same structure;
an outlet of an outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to a low-temperature flue gas flue (43), and a draught fan I (39) forms negative pressure to enable the inside of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A to be in a negative pressure state, so that the heat preservation effect of the gas heat exchange module is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved;
the water heat exchange module C comprises a circulating water inlet (7), a circulating water outlet (8), a baffle plate I (10) and a baffle plate II (11); a circulating water inlet (7) and a circulating water outlet (8) are formed in two sides of the water heat exchange module C and are communicated with the water heat exchange module C; the middle part of the water heat exchange module C is provided with a baffle plate I (10) and a baffle plate II (11), the baffle plate I (10) and the baffle plate II (11) are of semicircular structures, the baffle plate II (11) and the circulating water outlet (8) are in the same horizontal plane, and the baffle plate I (10) and the circulating water inlet (7) are in the same horizontal plane.
2. The modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the gas-gas heat exchange system also comprises a regulating water automatic control valve I (40), a cooling water automatic control valve I (41) and a water level control valve I (42); the water regulating automatic control valve I (40) regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet; the cooling water automatic control valve I (41) controls the flow of cooling water according to the water temperature in the hot water tank I (34) to ensure the heat balance of the whole circulating water system; the water level control valve I (42) controls the valve switch according to the liquid level of the regulating water tank I (38) and is used for stopping the operation of the circulating water system under the abnormal condition.
3. The modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the gas-water heat exchange system also comprises a regulating water automatic control valve II (59), a cooling water automatic control valve II (60) and a water level control valve II (61); the adjusting water automatic control valve II (59) adjusts the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet; the cooling water automatic control valve II (60) controls the flow of cooling water according to the water temperature in the hot water tank II (53) to ensure the overall heat balance of the circulating water system; and the water level control valve II (61) controls the valve to be opened and closed according to the liquid level of the adjusting water tank II (57) and is used for stopping the circulating water system under abnormal conditions.
4. An operation method of a modular self-adjusting heat pipe flue gas waste heat recovery system is characterized in that:
hot flue gas enters the gas heat exchange module (3) from the flue gas inlet (1), rises spirally, and generates convection heat transfer and heat radiation with heat pipes (21) uniformly distributed at the spiral structure outside the gas heat exchange module (3), and flue gas disturbance enhances the heat transfer effect and enables the heat transfer to be more uniform; the flue gas flows to the top end and then tangentially enters the inner side cylinder of the gas heat exchange module (3), spirally descends along the reverse direction, and flows out of the gas heat exchange module (3) from the flue gas outlet (2);
circulating water enters the water heat exchange module C from a circulating water inlet (7), the circulating water absorbs heat from the surface of the heat pipe (21), the temperature of the circulating water rises, the circulating water flows upwards, passes through the baffle plate I (10), and flows out of the water heat exchange module C from a circulating water outlet (8);
the gas heat exchange module A absorbs heat of hot flue gas, the gas heat exchange module B heats cold air by using the heat of the hot flue gas, and the water heat exchange module C adjusts heat exchange load of the gas-gas heat exchange combined module by using circulating water to control the temperature of the hot air; the hot water tank I (34) is used for storing hot water in the system, and the circulating hot water is sent to the cooler I (36) through the circulating water pump I (35) or sent to the heat supply heat exchanger I (37) to supply heat to external users; circulating hot water at the cooler I (36) and the heat supply heat exchanger I (37) releases heat and then converges into the regulating water tank I (38) for mixing to ensure that the water temperature is uniform and the pressure is stable; the regulating water automatic control valve I (40) regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of high-temperature flue gas and controls the temperature of an air outlet; the cooling water automatic control valve I (41) controls the flow of cooling water according to the temperature of water in the hot water tank I (34) to ensure the heat balance of the whole circulating water system; the water level control valve I (42) controls a valve switch according to the liquid level of the regulating water tank I (38) and is used for stopping the operation of the circulating water system under the abnormal condition; an outlet of an outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to a low-temperature flue gas flue (43), and a draught fan I (39) forms negative pressure to enable the inside of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A to be in a negative pressure state, so that the heat preservation effect of the gas heat exchange module is enhanced, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved;
the gas heat exchange module A absorbs heat of hot flue gas, the water heat exchange module C heats circulating water by utilizing the heat of the hot flue gas, circulating water valve switches at branch pipes at an inlet and an outlet of the water heat exchange module C are used for controlling the flow velocity of the circulating water, and the heat exchange area of the circulating water and a heat pipe is adjusted so as to control the heat exchange efficiency of the gas-water heat exchange combined module; the hot water tank II (53) is used for storing hot water in the system, and the circulating hot water is sent to the cooler II (55) through the circulating water pump II (54) or sent to the heat supply heat exchanger II (56) to supply heat to external users; circulating hot water at the cooler II (55) and the heat supply heat exchanger II (56) releases heat and then converges into the regulating water tank II (57) for mixing to ensure that the water temperature is uniform and the pressure is stable; the water regulating automatic control valve II (59) regulates the flow of circulating water according to the inlet temperature and the flow of high-temperature flue gas and controls the outlet temperature of air; the cooling water automatic control valve II (60) controls the flow of cooling water according to the water temperature in the hot water tank II (53) to ensure the heat balance of the whole circulating water system; the water level control valve II (61) controls a valve switch according to the liquid level of the regulating water tank II (57) and is used for stopping the circulating water system under abnormal conditions; the outlet of the outer jacket of the gas heat exchange module A is connected to a circulating water system, the gas-water heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the combined module is improved by enhancing the heat radiation and convection heat transfer modes.
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