CN109537307B - 一种防污透气的疏水壁纸及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防污透气的疏水壁纸及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109537307B
CN109537307B CN201811603129.6A CN201811603129A CN109537307B CN 109537307 B CN109537307 B CN 109537307B CN 201811603129 A CN201811603129 A CN 201811603129A CN 109537307 B CN109537307 B CN 109537307B
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朱红军
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Abstract

本发明涉及壁纸材料领域，具体为一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，从底层到外层依次包括具有微孔结构的粘结层、具有微孔结构的壁纸层、超疏水纳米涂层。将预聚高分子胶体、去离子水、有机溶剂、催化剂和表面活性剂，反应得到胶体溶液，然后涂布到具有微孔结构的壁纸层；将纳米有机硅烷分散至水和有机溶剂中，依次加入硅烷偶联剂、增粘剂、催化剂，搅拌至反应完成，涂布在具有微孔结构的粘结层上。本发明提供的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，该壁纸表面具有疏水结构，污水无法粘到壁纸上，同时该壁纸防污透气，具有呼吸功能。

Description

一种防污透气的疏水壁纸及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及壁纸材料领域，具体为一种防污透气的疏水壁纸。
背景技术
壁纸也成为墙纸，是应用最广的墙装饰材料之一。壁纸可以应用到居家卧室、客厅、商场、咖啡厅、酒店等的装修，具有非常好的装饰效果。壁纸随着多年的发展，已经从原来的单一的纯纸壁纸，发展了无纺布，织物类，高分子材料类等多种类型。但是壁纸仍然具有问题，单独的壁纸不防水。防水的壁纸不透气，呼吸性差，墙内的湿气无法渗出，时间久了壁纸会发霉脱层，墙体也会发生破坏，进一步影响壁纸的装饰效果。另外，所有的壁纸都无法避免的问题是，咖啡、油烟、酱油、污水等溅到壁纸上后，会形成残留，脏污的存在不仅会影响美观，而且难于清理。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明涉及一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，可以保持表面清洁。
具体技术方案为：
一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，从底层到外层依次包括具有微孔结构的粘结层、具有微孔结构的壁纸层、超疏水纳米涂层。
所述具有微孔结构的壁纸层厚度为0.1-2mm，微孔结构大小为1-200μm。
所述具有微孔结构粘结层，由以下原料按重量份制成：预聚高分子胶体40-60份，去离子水20-30份，有机溶剂10-30份，催化剂0.01-0.1份，表面活性剂5-10份；
所述具有微孔结构壁纸层，材料选自：纸、无纺布、棉织物、高分子材料；
所述超疏水纳米涂层，由以下原料按重量份制成：去离子水20-60份，有机溶剂30-50份，纳米有机硅烷2-10份，增粘剂2-10份，硅烷偶联剂0.5-3份，催化剂0.01-0.3份。
本发明还提供该一种防污透气的疏水壁纸的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)所述具有微孔结构的粘结层的制备方法为：将预聚高分子胶体、去离子水、有机溶剂依次加入容器，搅拌溶解后，加入催化剂和表面活性剂，控制温度在55-65℃，反应24小时完成得到胶体溶液，然后将所述的胶体溶液涂布到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，70-120℃烘干10-30min；
(2)所述超疏水纳米涂层的制备方法为：将纳米有机硅烷分散至水和有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂中，加热至25-40℃，依次加入硅烷偶联剂、增粘剂、催化剂，搅拌至反应完成，涂布在具有微孔结构的粘结层上。
步骤(1)中所述预聚高分子胶体由以下材料中的一种或多种组成：聚氨酯、聚乙烯醇、淀粉、醋酸乙烯、聚丙烯酸；所述催化剂选自：双吗啉二乙基醚、N,N-二甲基环己胺；所述表面活性剂选自：烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、磺基琥珀酸二异辛酯钠、丁二酸酯磺酸盐。
步骤(2)中所述纳米有机硅烷为含有甲基、乙基或长链烷基的硅烷；所述增粘剂为选自下述组分中的一种或多种的组合：聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、环氧双酚A树脂、聚丙烯酸或聚丙烯酸钠；所述催化剂为有机锡催化剂。
步骤(1)和步骤(2)中所述的有机溶剂为选自下述组分中的一种或多种组合：乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、丁烷、己烷。
其中，所述超疏水纳米涂层的粒径大小5-200nm，固含量0.1-10％，厚度为1-10μm，水接触角>110°。
本发明提供的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，该壁纸表面具有疏水结构，污水无法粘到壁纸上，同时该壁纸防污透气，具有呼吸功能。
具体实施方式
结合实施例说明本发明的具体技术方案。
实施例1
选用无纺布通过编织的方式得到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，厚度0.2mm，微孔大小为50-200μm。将40份聚氨酯预聚高分子胶体，25份去离子水，30份乙醇依次加入容器，在搅拌下溶解后，加入0.1份双吗啉二乙基醚和5份丁二酸酯磺酸盐，控制温度在55-65℃，反应24小时后，得到粘结层溶液，然后将该胶体溶液涂布到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，70-120℃烘干10-30min。将3份纳米甲基二甲氧基硅烷分散至90份水/乙醇＝6/4组成的混合溶剂中，加热至25-40℃，依次加入3份硅烷偶联剂KH550、2份增粘剂聚乙烯醇、0.01份催化剂二甲基锡，搅拌直至反应完成，得到粒径大小50-200nm，固含量7％超疏水纳米涂层溶液，涂布到壁纸层的另一面，100℃烘干10min得到防污透气的疏水壁纸。
实施例2
选用无纺布通过编织的方式得到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，厚度0.2mm，微孔大小为50-200μm。将40份醋酸乙烯预聚高分子胶体，25份去离子水，30份乙醇依次加入容器，在搅拌下溶解后，加入0.1份双吗啉二乙基醚和5份丁二酸酯磺酸盐，控制温度在55-65℃，反应24小时后，得到粘结层溶液，然后将该胶体溶液涂布到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，70-120℃烘干10-30min。将3份纳米十二烷基甲基二甲氧基硅烷分散至90份水/乙醇＝5/5组成的混合溶剂中，加热至25-40℃，依次加入2份硅烷偶联剂KH560、2份增粘剂聚乙烯醇、0.01份催化剂二甲基锡，搅拌直至反应完成，得到粒径大小50-200nm，固含量6％超疏水纳米涂层溶液，涂布到壁纸层的另一面，100℃烘干10min得到防污透气的疏水壁纸。
实施例3
选用棉织物通过编织的方式得到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，厚度0.4mm，微孔大小为50-200μm。将40份聚氨酯预聚高分子胶体，25份去离子水，30份乙醇依次加入容器，在搅拌下溶解后，加入0.1份双吗啉二乙基醚和5份丁二酸酯磺酸盐，控制温度在55-65℃，反应24小时后，得到粘结层溶液，然后将该胶体溶液涂布到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，70-120℃烘干10-30min。将3份纳米甲基二甲氧基硅烷硅烷分散至90份水/乙醇＝6/4组成的混合溶剂中，加热至25-40℃，依次加入2份硅烷偶联剂KH560、2份增粘剂聚乙烯醇、0.01份催化剂二甲基锡，搅拌直至反应完成，得到粒径大小50-200nm，固含量6％超疏水纳米涂层溶液，涂布到壁纸层的另一面，100℃烘干10min得到防污透气的疏水壁纸。
作为对比，选择市场销售的普通壁纸两种：
对比例1#
市售壁纸，厚度0.2mm。
对比例2#
市售防水PVC壁纸，厚度0.25mm。
表1检测结果
Figure BDA0001922997490000031
采用晟鼎SDC-350测试表面水接触角和滚动角，采用W3/030水蒸气透过率测试仪测试透气性，采用达因笔测试表面张力。由表1可以看出，3个实施例表面水接触角及滚动角好于对比例1#和2#，透气性优于对比例，表面张力低于对比例；说明采用本发明可以有效避免脏污附着同时还能保持优异的透气性能，使得墙内的湿气及时排出，避免发霉及细菌滋生。

Claims (7)

1.一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，其特征在于：从底层到外层依次包括具有微孔结构的粘结层、具有微孔结构的壁纸层、超疏水纳米涂层，所述具有微孔结构的粘结层，由以下原料按重量份制成：预聚高分子胶体40-60份，去离子水 20-30份，有机溶剂10-30份，催化剂0.01-0.1份，表面活性剂5-10份；
所述具有微孔结构的壁纸层，材料选自：纸、无纺布、棉织物；
所述超疏水纳米涂层，由以下原料按重量份制成：去离子水 20-60份，有机溶剂 30-50份，纳米有机硅烷 2-10份，增粘剂 2-10份，硅烷偶联剂 0.5-3份，催化剂 0.01-0.3份；
所述预聚高分子胶体由以下材料中的一种或多种组成：聚氨酯、聚乙烯醇、醋酸乙烯、聚丙烯酸；
所述表面活性剂选自：烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、磺基琥珀酸二异辛酯钠、丁二酸酯磺酸盐；
所述纳米有机硅烷选自：纳米甲基二甲氧基硅烷、纳米十二烷基甲基二甲氧基硅烷；
所述硅烷偶联剂选自：KH550、KH560。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸，其特征在于，所述具有微孔结构的壁纸层厚度为0.1-2mm，微孔结构大小为1-200μm。
3.根据权利要求1到2任一项所述的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）所述具有微孔结构的粘结层的制备方法为：将预聚高分子胶体、去离子水、有机溶剂依次加入容器，搅拌溶解后，加入催化剂和表面活性剂，控制温度在55-65℃，反应24小时完成得到胶体溶液，然后将所述的胶体溶液涂布到具有微孔结构的壁纸层，70-120℃烘干10-30min；
（2）所述超疏水纳米涂层的制备方法为：将纳米有机硅烷分散至水和有机溶剂组成的混合溶剂中，加热至25-40℃，依次加入硅烷偶联剂、增粘剂、催化剂，搅拌至反应完成，涂布在具有微孔结构的壁纸层的另一面上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）中所述催化剂选自：双吗啉二乙基醚、N,N-二甲基环己胺。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（2）中所述增粘剂为选自下述组分中的一种或多种的组合：聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氨酯、环氧双酚A树脂、聚丙烯酸或聚丙烯酸钠；所述催化剂为有机锡催化剂。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（1）和步骤（2）中所述的有机溶剂为选自下述组分中的一种或多种组合：乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、己烷。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种防污透气的疏水壁纸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述超疏水纳米涂层的粒径大小5-200nm，固含量0.1-10%，厚度为1-10μm，水接触角>110°。
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