CN109529723B - Continuous bubbling system in high-temperature and high-pressure kettle - Google Patents
Continuous bubbling system in high-temperature and high-pressure kettle Download PDFInfo
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
- B01D53/502—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound characterised by a specific solution or suspension
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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- B01J10/00—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor
- B01J10/002—Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles, or apparatus specially adapted therefor carried out in foam, aerosol or bubbles
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- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature high-pressure kettle. The gas supply system comprises a gas supply pipeline for supplying test gas into a high-temperature high-pressure kettle and a corresponding control unit, wherein a first pressure reducing valve, a supercharging device, a first one-way valve, a buffer tank, a second pressure reducing valve, a second one-way valve and a gas inlet control valve are arranged on the gas supply pipeline in sequence along the gas supply direction; the buffer tank is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a safety valve; the control unit is used for obtaining a pressure signal value of the pressure sensor and controlling the supercharging equipment to stop working when the pressure in the buffer tank reaches a set pressure value or controlling the supercharging equipment to start working when the pressure in the buffer tank is smaller than the set pressure value. The continuous supplement of the required test gas in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is ensured, and the continuous bubbling in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is realized; meanwhile, intermittent work of the supercharging equipment is achieved, and therefore the service life of the supercharging equipment is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous bubbling, and particularly relates to a continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature high-pressure kettle.
Background
The bubbler, also known as a bubbling reactor, is a gas-liquid mass transfer or reaction device, and the traditional bubbling device generates bubbles by continuously passing compressed air through a pipe with air holes, is mainly used for petrochemical devices, can be used for synthesis reaction and tail gas removal, and is mainly used for gas-liquid reaction. At present, the desulfurization process with the widest application and the most mature technology is wet desulfurization, and the function of the bubbler is as follows: the gas conveyed by the flue gas pipeline is contacted and reacted with alkali liquor in the device to remove SO in the flue gas2、SO3And the like, so as to achieve the purposes of desulfurizing and purifying gas.
At present, most of bubbling reactors for domestic industrial production are bubbling towers, the occupied space is large, the liquid phase has a large back mixing phenomenon, when the height-diameter ratio of the tower body is large, the bubble merging speed is increased, the area of the contact surface between the phases is reduced, the gas-liquid contact reaction is not facilitated, the tower body is very high, and the maintenance and the installation are inconvenient. And the quality of the gas distributor, which is one of the key devices of the bubble reactor, determines the mass transfer efficiency of the bubble reactor.
Regardless of the tail gas removal reaction or the chemical synthesis reaction, the bubbler is usually operated under normal pressure or low pressure, and a bubbling technology under high temperature and high pressure environment is rarely reported. However, in reality, a long-term simulated working condition test is often required in a laboratory, a corrosion behavior of a component under a high-temperature and high-pressure environment needs to be simulated, due to the technical condition limitation of the existing booster pump, high-temperature and high-pressure gas cannot be pressurized for a long time, at present, only a test sample can be placed into a high-temperature autoclave with a test solution, then the high-temperature autoclave is heated and pressurized to a required temperature and a required pressure, then all valves are closed, heat preservation is carried out until the test is finished, gas supplement for the test and discharge of test waste gas are basically not needed in the test process, and unless manual forced intervention is performed, periodic gas discharge and supplement are performed, because the existing technical scheme is limited by the service life of the booster pump and is difficult to continuously provide the high-temperature and high-pressure gas for the high-temperature autoclave. Because the gas required by the test can be continuously consumed in the experimental process, the corrosion condition of the test sample cannot be truly reflected by the conventional technical scheme, and the test result is smaller than the actual result, so that the long-period safe operation of petrochemical equipment is difficult to guarantee, namely potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature high-pressure kettle.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature high-pressure autoclave comprises an air supply pipeline and a corresponding control unit, wherein the air supply pipeline is used for supplying test air to the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave, and the air supply pipeline is provided with a first pressure reducing valve, a supercharging device, a first one-way valve, a buffer tank, a second pressure reducing valve, a second one-way valve and an air inlet control valve which are sequentially arranged along the air supply direction; the buffer tank is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a safety valve;
the first pressure reducing valve is used for adjusting the air inlet pressure of the supercharging equipment and stabilizing the air inlet pressure;
the pressurization equipment is used for pressurizing the low-pressure test gas and obtaining high-pressure test gas;
the first check valve is used for preventing the air for the high-pressure test in the buffer tank from flowing back to the supercharging equipment;
the buffer tank is used for stabilizing the gas pressure for the high-pressure test;
the second pressure reducing valve is used for adjusting the air inlet pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle and stabilizing the air inlet pressure;
the second one-way valve is used for preventing the materials in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle from flowing back to the buffer tank;
the air inlet control valve is used for switching whether to introduce high-pressure test air into the high-temperature high-pressure kettle or not;
the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the gas pressure for the high-pressure test in the buffer tank;
the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature of the gas for the high-pressure test in the buffer tank;
and the control unit is used for obtaining a pressure signal value of the pressure sensor and controlling the supercharging equipment to stop working when the pressure in the buffer tank reaches a set pressure value, or controlling the supercharging equipment to start working when the pressure in the buffer tank is less than the set pressure value.
The further technical scheme is as follows: and a preheater for heating the test gas to prevent the low-pressure test gas from being liquefied in the pressurization process is arranged between the first pressure reducing valve and the pressurization equipment.
The further technical scheme is as follows: and a heat preservation mechanism is arranged outside the air supply pipeline.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the buffer tank is internally provided with a heating unit, and the outside of the buffer tank is provided with a heat preservation mechanism.
The further technical scheme is as follows: and a tail gas discharge pipeline is connected to the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, a tail gas discharge valve is arranged on the tail gas discharge pipeline, and a condenser for cooling the tail gas is arranged on a pipe section of the tail gas discharge pipeline, which is positioned between the tail gas discharge valve and the high-temperature high-pressure kettle.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the tail gas discharge valve and the gas inlet control valve are micro-adjustment type needle valves or metering valves.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the bottom is connected with a gas-liquid discharge pipeline, and a gas-liquid discharge valve is arranged on the gas-liquid discharge pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the gas required for the test in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle enters a pressurizing device through a first pressure reducing valve, low-pressure gas is changed into high-pressure gas through the pressurizing device, the high-pressure gas flows into a buffer tank through a first one-way valve, the high-pressure gas in the buffer tank enters the high-temperature high-pressure kettle through a second pressure reducing valve, a second one-way valve and a gas inlet control valve, redundant gas in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is discharged through a tail gas discharge valve, in the test process, the gas pressure in the buffer tank is higher than the pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, the pressure output in the buffer tank is adjusted through the second pressure reducing valve, a pressure sensor arranged on the buffer tank monitors the pressure in real time, the pressurizing device is started when the pressure in the buffer tank reaches a set pressure low value, gas is supplied to the buffer tank, when the pressure in the buffer tank reaches a set pressure high value, the pressurizing device stops working, the service life of the pressurizing device is prolonged, and meanwhile the service life of the pressurizing device is prolonged, The autoclave was continuously bubbled.
The continuous supplement of the required test gas in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is ensured, the continuous bubbling in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle is realized, and the continuous proceeding of the chemical reaction is ensured; meanwhile, intermittent work of the supercharging equipment is realized, so that the service life of the supercharging equipment is prolonged, and the defect of short service life caused by continuous work of the supercharging equipment is avoided. The invention is not limited to providing test gas for a high-temperature high-pressure autoclave, and other reaction devices with temperature and pressure can be adopted to realize continuous bubbling, and the invention is particularly suitable for gas with high critical temperature and low critical pressure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.
The designations in the drawings have the following meanings:
1-a tail gas discharge valve; 2-a condenser; 3-high temperature high pressure kettle; 4-an air inlet control valve; 5-a second one-way valve, 6-a second pressure reducing valve; 7-a pressurized gas output valve; 8-a pressure sensor; 9-a temperature sensor; 10-safety valve; 11-a first one-way valve; 12-a buffer tank; 13-gas liquid discharge valve; 14-driving air pressure reducing valve; 15-driving the gas control solenoid valve; 16-a preheater; 17-a first pressure relief valve; 18-a pressure boosting device.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is more specifically explained by combining the following embodiments:
in order to realize continuous bubbling in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, the introduced gas also needs to be high-pressure gas, otherwise, the gas is difficult to introduce into the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, the gas generally sold in the market is generally stored in a steel cylinder, the highest pressure of the gas is within 15MPa, and when the gas pressure in the steel cylinder is lower than the pressure required by the test in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, the gas for the test needs to be continuously pressurized, so that the gas in the steel cylinder can be ensured to be smoothly introduced into the high-temperature high-pressure kettle. In order to realize continuous bubbling, an exhaust gas discharge valve in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is required to be in an open state, the flow rate of the blown gas depends on the degree of opening of the exhaust gas discharge valve, and unless the introduced gas can react with a medium in the kettle completely and quickly in a short time and no other gas is generated, the pressure in the reaction kettle can be increased, and the reaction environment is damaged. The ordinary laboratory can adopt the booster pump when using the pressure boost to experimental gas, and when the industrialization is produced in batches, the pressure boost of experimental gas can adopt booster pump or compressor to carry out, but this is not limiting.
As shown in fig. 1: the gas required for the test in the high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle 3 enters a pressurizing device 18 through a first pressure reducing valve 17 and a preheater 16, the low-pressure gas is changed into high-pressure gas through the pressurizing device 18, the high-pressure gas flows into a buffer tank 12 through a first one-way valve 11, the high-pressure gas in the buffer tank 12 enters the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3 through a second pressure reducing valve 6, a second one-way valve 5 and a gas inlet control valve 4, the redundant gas in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3 is discharged through a tail gas discharge valve 1, in the test process, the gas pressure in the buffer tank 12 is higher than the pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3, the pressure output by the gas in the buffer tank 12 is adjusted through the second pressure reducing valve 6, a pressure sensor 8 arranged on the buffer tank 12 monitors the pressure in real time, when the pressure in the buffer tank 12 reaches a set pressure low value, the pressurizing device is started to supplement gas into the buffer tank 12, and when the pressure in the buffer tank 12 reaches a set pressure high value, the pressurizing device 18 stops working, thereby prolonging the service life of the pressurizing device 18 and simultaneously realizing continuous bubbling in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3.
The first pressure reducing valve 17 ensures that the inlet pressure of the supercharging equipment 18 (booster pump) is stable, prevents high-pressure gas from entering and damaging the supercharging equipment 18, and the gas preheater 16 aims to heat gas to be supercharged and prevent the gas from being liquefied in the supercharging process and damaging the supercharging equipment 18.
High-pressure gas in the supercharging equipment 18 enters the buffer tank 12 through the first one-way valve 11, when the first one-way valve 11 prevents the supercharging equipment 18 from stopping, the high-pressure gas in the buffer tank 12 reversely flushes the supercharging equipment 18, the top of the buffer tank 12 is provided with the pressure sensor 8, the temperature sensor 9 and the safety valve 10, and the bottom of the buffer tank 12 is provided with the gas-liquid discharge valve 13.
The high-pressure gas in the buffer tank 12 is introduced into the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave 3 through the second pressure reducing valve 6, the second check valve 5 and the gas inlet control valve 4, so that continuous bubbling is realized in the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave 3. Through the second relief pressure valve 6 between high temperature autoclave 3 and buffer tank 12, adjust the pressure that gets into the interior gas of high temperature autoclave 3, the flow of gas is passed through exhaust vent 1 control, and then guarantees that 3 internal pressure of high temperature autoclave are stable, and setting up of second check valve 5 prevents that liquid suck-back from damaging second relief pressure valve 6 and buffer tank 12 among the test procedure.
The gas inlet control valve 4 and the tail gas discharge valve 1 are both micro-adjustment type needle valves or metering valves and the like, and can control the flow of gas.
Because the test is carried out under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the solution in the autoclave is possibly lost and the concentration of the solution is increased due to continuous exhaust of tail gas, a condenser 2 is arranged between a tail gas exhaust valve 1 and a high-temperature autoclave 3, and the solution amount in the high-temperature autoclave is constant while the tail gas is exhausted.
In the scheme, each transmission pipeline is provided with a heat preservation measure, and the buffer tank 12 is provided with a heating heat preservation measure.
Example 1
Assuming that the working pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3 is 25MPa and the working temperature is 200 ℃, high-pressure air is introduced to realize continuous bubbling of the medium in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3.
The outlet pressure of a common air compressor is about 0.7MPa, the technical requirement of continuous bubbling in a high-temperature high-pressure kettle cannot be met, and compressed air needs to be pressurized. The dried compressed air outlet is connected with a first pressure reducing valve 17, the pressure of the air outlet is adjusted to be 0.4MPa through the first pressure reducing valve 17, the high pressure value of the buffer tank 12 is set to be 30MPa, the low pressure value is set to be 25.5MPa, because the dried air can not be liquefied in the pressurizing process, therefore, after the connection of each interface is ensured to be reliable without preheating the gas, the control unit is started, the pressurizing equipment 18 pumps the compressed air into the buffer tank 12, the tail gas discharge valve 1 of the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave is closed, the gas inlet control valve 4 of the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave is opened, the output pressure of the second reducing valve 6 is adjusted to be 25MPa, when the pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle reaches 25MPa and the temperature reaches 200 ℃, the tail gas discharge valve 1 is opened, the flow rate of tail gas discharge is adjusted, thus, air is continuously blown into the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, and the flow rate of the bubbling can be controlled by the discharge amount of the discharge valve.
Example 2
Assuming that the working pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3 is 25MPa and the working temperature is 200 ℃, high-pressure hydrogen sulfide gas is introduced to realize continuous bubbling of the medium in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3.
The output pressure of the hydrogen sulfide steel cylinder at normal temperature is about 2MPa, the critical temperature of the hydrogen sulfide is 100.4 ℃, the critical pressure of the hydrogen sulfide is 9.01MPa, the pressure required by the test is greater than the critical pressure of the hydrogen sulfide, the hydrogen sulfide gas is required to be preheated to more than 100.4 ℃, the optimized temperature is 110 ℃, and heat is lost in the gas transmission process. Connecting the outlet of a hydrogen sulfide steel cylinder with a first pressure reducing valve 17, adjusting the outlet pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas to 0.4MPa through the first pressure reducing valve 17, setting the pressure high value of a buffer tank 12 to 30MPa and the pressure low value to 25.5MPa, preheating the gas because the hydrogen sulfide gas is liquefied in the pressurization process, setting the temperature of a preheater to 110 ℃ and the heat preservation temperature of the buffer tank to 110 ℃, starting a control unit after ensuring that each interface is reliably connected, pumping the hydrogen sulfide gas into the buffer tank 12 by a pressurization device 18, closing a tail gas discharge valve 1 of a high-temperature high-pressure autoclave, opening an air inlet control valve 4 of the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave, adjusting the output pressure of a second pressure reducing valve 6 to 25MPa, opening the tail gas discharge valve 1 when the pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave reaches 25MPa and the temperature reaches 200 ℃, adjusting the flow rate of tail gas discharge, thus realizing continuous blowing of the high-pressure hydrogen sulfide gas into the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave, the flow rate of the bubbling can be controlled by the discharge amount of the discharge valve.
Example 3
Assuming that the working pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle 3 is 25MPa and the working temperature is 200 ℃, H is introduced at present2S、CO2、N2The molar ratio of (1: 1: 3) isFor example, but not limited to, the apparatus may pressurize any gas, any proportion of the mixed gas, and continuously bubble in the high-temperature autoclave) to achieve continuous bubbling of the medium in the high-temperature autoclave 3.
The total pressure of the high-temperature autoclave is 25MPa, H2S、CO2、N2Is 1:1:3, so that H2S、CO2、N2Has a partial pressure of 5MPa, 5MPa, 15MPa, due to H2The critical temperature of S is 100.4 ℃, the critical pressure is 9.01MPa, and CO2The critical temperature of (A) is 31.1 ℃ and the critical pressure of (B) is 7.38MPa, since H2S and CO2Are less than their critical pressures, so that H2S and CO2Neither of which is required to be preheated to the critical temperature of both, because of H2Critical temperature of S is higher than that of CO2The critical temperature is high, in order to ensure that the two gases are not liquefied in the pressurizing process, the preheating temperature is high, so that the temperature of the preheater is set to 65 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of the buffer tank is also set to 65 ℃, and the mixed gas can be ensured not to be liquefied in the pressurizing process. Then, the outlet of the mixed gas is connected with a first pressure reducing valve 17, the outlet pressure of the mixed gas is adjusted to be 0.4MPa through the first pressure reducing valve 17, the high pressure value of the buffer tank 12 is set to be 30MPa, and the low pressure value is set to be 25.5MPa because H is2S gas is liquefied in the pressurization process, so that the gas needs to be preheated, the temperature of a preheater is 65 ℃, the heat preservation temperature of a buffer tank is also set to 65 ℃, after the connection reliability of all interfaces is ensured, a control unit is started, a pressurization device 18 pumps the mixed gas into the buffer tank 12, a tail gas discharge valve 1 of a high-temperature high-pressure kettle is closed, an air inlet control valve 4 of the high-temperature high-pressure kettle is opened, the output pressure of a second pressure reducing valve 6 is adjusted to be 25MPa, when the pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle reaches 25MPa and the temperature reaches 200 ℃, the tail gas discharge valve 1 is opened, the flow of tail gas discharge is adjusted, and therefore the high-pressure mixed gas is continuously blown into the high-temperature high-pressure kettle, and the flow of bubbling can be controlled by the discharge amount of the discharge valve.
Claims (7)
1. A continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature high-pressure kettle is characterized in that: the device comprises an air supply pipeline for supplying test air to a high-temperature high-pressure kettle (3) and a corresponding control unit, wherein the air supply pipeline is provided with a first pressure reducing valve (17), a supercharging device (18), a first one-way valve (11), a buffer tank (12), a second pressure reducing valve (6), a second one-way valve (5) and an air inlet control valve (4) which are sequentially arranged along the air supply direction; the buffer tank (12) is provided with a pressure sensor (8), a temperature sensor (9) and a safety valve (10);
the first pressure reducing valve (17) is used for adjusting the intake pressure of the supercharging device (18) and stabilizing the intake pressure;
the pressurization equipment (18) is used for pressurizing low-pressure test gas and obtaining high-pressure test gas;
the first check valve (11) is used for preventing the air for the high-pressure test in the buffer tank (12) from flowing back to the supercharging equipment (18);
the buffer tank (12) is used for stabilizing the air pressure for the high-pressure test;
a second pressure reducing valve (6) for adjusting the inlet pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure autoclave (3) and stabilizing the inlet pressure;
the second one-way valve (5) is used for preventing the materials in the high-temperature high-pressure kettle (3) from flowing back to the buffer tank (12);
the air inlet control valve (4) is used for switching whether to introduce high-pressure test air into the high-temperature high-pressure kettle (3) or not;
the pressure sensor (8) is used for monitoring the gas pressure for the high-pressure test in the buffer tank (12);
the temperature sensor (9) is used for monitoring the temperature of the gas for the high-pressure test in the buffer tank (12);
the control unit is used for obtaining a pressure signal value of the pressure sensor (8) and controlling the pressurization equipment (18) to stop working when the pressure in the buffer tank (12) reaches a set pressure value, or controlling the pressurization equipment (18) to start working when the pressure in the buffer tank (12) is smaller than the set pressure value.
2. The continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature autoclave as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a preheater (16) for heating the test gas to prevent the low-pressure test gas from being liquefied in the pressurization process is arranged between the first pressure reducing valve (17) and the pressurization device (18).
3. The continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature autoclave as set forth in claim 1, wherein: and a heat preservation mechanism is arranged outside the air supply pipeline.
4. The continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature autoclave as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heating device is characterized in that a heating unit is arranged in the buffer tank (12), and a heat preservation mechanism is arranged outside the buffer tank (12).
5. The continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature autoclave as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature high-pressure kettle (3) is connected with a tail gas discharge pipeline, the tail gas discharge pipeline is provided with a tail gas discharge valve (1), and a condenser (2) for cooling tail gas is arranged on a pipe section of the tail gas discharge pipeline between the tail gas discharge valve (1) and the high-temperature high-pressure kettle (3).
6. The continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature autoclave as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the tail gas discharge valve (1) and the gas inlet control valve (4) are micro-adjustment needle valves or metering valves.
7. The continuous bubbling system in a high-temperature autoclave as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the buffer tank (12) is connected with a gas-liquid discharge pipeline, and a gas-liquid discharge valve (13) is arranged on the gas-liquid discharge pipeline.
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| CN202327653U (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-07-11 | 查特深冷工程系统(常州)有限公司 | High-pressure and high-flow continuous gas supply system |
| CN203190044U (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-09-11 | 浙江农林大学 | Conveying mechanism of marsh gas |
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