Background
With the issuance of new atmospheric pollutant emission standards of thermal power plants, the emission standards of sulfur dioxide in flue gas are further improved, and the supply of coal of domestic power plants is short, so that the deviation of the components of coal quality of coal actually used by a plurality of power plants from the original design value is large, the concentration of sulfur dioxide at the inlet of a desulfurization device is far beyond the original design value, the original desulfurization device cannot meet the requirement of environmental protection, in order to ensure the safe and stable operation of a desulfurization system and meet the requirement of standard emission under the condition of new coal quality, the original desulfurization device must be subjected to capacity expansion modification, various measures are taken to improve the desulfurization efficiency, at present, a heat exchanger is additionally arranged in front of the inlet of an absorption tower, the temperature of the original flue gas is reduced. In addition, the energy sources in China are deficient, the energy sources are saved, and the reutilization of redundant energy sources is urgent. Under the background, the invention provides a heat recovery water-saving process for wet desulphurization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the efficiency of dehydration, reuse heat energy in the tower and save energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a wet flue gas desulfurization's heat recovery water saving system, includes the absorption tower, its characterized in that: also comprises n circulating pumps, a transporting and standby slurry conveying pump, a heat exchanger, a heat pump, n layers of spraying layers and a transporting and standby water pump, wherein n is more than or equal to 1,
the absorption tower is connected with the inlet and the outlet of the circulating pump through a pipeline, the inlet of the circulating pump is provided with a valve, and the absorption tower is connected with the slurry delivery pump through a pipeline and is provided with a valve; the outlet of the slurry conveying pump is connected with the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and a valve is arranged; the slurry outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the absorption tower through a pipeline, and 2 valves are arranged; the heat exchanger is connected with the water pump through a pipeline, the valves are arranged, the heat pump is connected with the heat exchanger through a carbon steel pipeline, the valves are arranged, and the water pump is connected with the heat pump through a pipeline and the valves are arranged.
Wherein, the number of the circulating pumps is determined according to the requirements of the original desulfurization process, and generally 3 circulating pumps are used.
A heat recovery water-saving process for wet desulphurization comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: a slurry delivery pump arranged beside the absorption tower pumps high-temperature slurry in the tower into a heat exchanger, and the slurry after heat exchange by the heat exchanger is cooled and then enters the tower, so that the slurry in the tower is changed into low-temperature slurry;
the second step is that: the low-temperature slurry is pumped into a spraying layer of the absorption tower by a circulating pump, and the low-temperature slurry is contacted with high-temperature raw flue gas entering the absorption tower to carry out heat exchange and SO2 absorption processes, SO that the aim of desulfurization is fulfilled, and the evaporation of water is reduced;
the third step: the water which is exchanged heat by the heat exchanger is pumped into a heat pump by a water pump, and then hot water or low-pressure steam is produced by the heat pump for users to use; the water cooled by the heat pump (about 20 ℃) returns to the heat exchanger for heat exchange again.
Wherein the temperature of the high-temperature slurry is 38-50 ℃.
Wherein the temperature of the low-temperature slurry is 30-34 ℃.
Wherein the temperature of the water which is subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger is 25-28 ℃.
Wherein the temperature of the low-pressure steam is 100-120 ℃.
Wherein the temperature of the water cooled by the heat pump is 18-20 ℃.
The beneficial effects of the invention are summarized as follows:
1. the water supplement amount of the absorption tower is reduced, and the operation cost is saved.
2. Hot water or low-pressure steam required by users can be produced.
3. Improve the desulfurization efficiency
4. The original flue does not need to be protected from corrosion, and the construction cost is reduced.
5. The process system has simple equipment, smooth process and stable operation.
Detailed Description
The process implementation of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the heat recovery process of wet desulphurization mainly comprises the following equipment: 1, an absorption tower; the number of the circulating pumps is determined according to the original desulfurization process requirement, and generally 3 circulating pumps are used; 2 slurry delivery pumps are used for one transportation and one standby; 1 heat exchanger; water pumps (2) for one machine; 1 heat pump; the number of the spray layers is determined according to the original desulfurization process.
The absorption tower is connected with an inlet and an outlet of a circulating pump through a pipeline, the inlet of the circulating pump is provided with a valve, the absorption tower is connected with a slurry delivery pump through a pipeline, and the valve is arranged; the outlet of the slurry delivery pump is connected with the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and a valve is arranged
(ii) a The slurry outlet of heat exchanger is connected with absorption tower by means of pipeline, and is equipped with valve
(ii) a The heat exchanger is connected with the water pump through a pipeline and is provided with a valve
The heat pump is connected with the heat exchanger through a carbon steel pipeline, and a valve is arranged
The water pump is connected with the heat pump by a pipeline and is provided with a valve
The implementation mode of the process is as follows: the above-mentioned equipments are uniformly distributed near the absorption tower, and its technological process can be implemented by 3 large circulations.
The absorption tower is connected with the slurry delivery pump and is connected with the slurry delivery pump through a rubber lining pipeline, and a valve is arranged; the delivery pump (outlet) is connected with the heat exchanger (outlet) by a rubber lining pipeline, and a valve is arranged
(ii) a And pumping the slurry in the absorption tower into a heat exchanger (IV) through a slurry delivery pump. The slurry outlet of the heat exchanger is also connected with the absorption tower by a rubber lining pipeline, and a valve is arranged
And the heat-exchanged slurry returns to the absorption tower at about 32 ℃.
The temperature of the slurry in the absorption tower is about 40 ℃ generally, the slurry is pumped into a heat exchanger through a slurry delivery pump, the slurry with higher temperature is converted into low-temperature slurry (about 32 ℃) and is recycled into the absorption tower, the low-temperature slurry is pumped into a spray layer in the absorption tower through a circulating pump, and the flue gas is fully cooled, so that the water supplement amount used for reducing the temperature of the flue gas at the inlet of the absorption tower from about 130 ℃ to about 40 ℃ is reduced, and the operation cost is reduced.
The inlet and outlet of the circulating pump are connected with the absorption tower through a rubber lining pipeline, the inlet of the circulating pump is provided with a valve, slurry of the absorption tower at about 32 ℃ is pumped into the spray layer by the circulating pump, and contacts with the original flue gas at the inlet of the absorption tower to perform heat exchange and SO2 absorption. Thereby achieving the aim of desulfurization.
The working mechanism of flue gas desulfurization is the interphase mass transfer process of transferring SO2 from a gas phase to a liquid phase, and the mass transfer rate is a key index for determining the desulfurization efficiency. The important factor influencing the mass transfer rate is the temperature, the lower the temperature is, the more favorable the dissolving and absorption of SO2 is, and the optimal temperature of the slurry in the absorption tower is considered comprehensively about 30-50 ℃. The process can adjust the temperature of the circulating slurry in the absorption tower by adjusting the heat exchange amount of the external heat exchanger, namely adjusting the flow rate of the circulating cooling water or adjusting the temperature of the circulating cooling water, so that the temperature of the slurry in the absorption tower reaches the optimal value, and the desulfurization efficiency is favorably improved.
The heat exchanger (IV) is connected with the water pump (IV) by a carbon steel pipeline, and a valve is arranged
The water pump is connected with the heat pump by a carbon steel pipeline and is provided with a valve
The heat-exchanged water (about 27 ℃) is pumped into a heat pump by a water pump, and hot water with different temperatures or low-pressure steam with about 120 ℃ is produced by the heat pump. The heat pump is connected with the heat exchanger through a carbon steel pipeline and is provided with a valve

The water cooled in this way (about 20 ℃) returns to the heat exchangerThe rows are again heat exchanged. The temperature of the circulating cooling water (about 20 ℃) in the heat exchanger is raised to about 27 ℃ after heat exchange, and then the circulating cooling water is circulated to the heat pump through the water pump and produces hot water or low-pressure steam at the temperature required by a user. At present, in some domestic wet desulphurization processes, a heat exchanger is additionally arranged in front of an inlet of an absorption tower, so that the temperature of flue gas is reduced, and the aims of saving water and improving the desulphurization efficiency are fulfilled. In comparison, the invention has the unique advantages of not only achieving the purposes of saving water and improving the desulfurization efficiency, but also providing a heat source required by users.
The original flue in front of the inlet of the absorption tower does not need to be protected from corrosion, so that the construction cost is reduced, and the construction period is shortened. The process of adding the heat exchanger before the inlet of the absorption tower is adopted, the original flue gas is reduced to 80-90 ℃ from about 130 ℃, so that the flue between the outlet of the heat exchanger and the inlet of the absorption tower needs to be subjected to antiseptic treatment, the flue at the inlet of the absorption tower is not changed in the process, and the flue still belongs to a high-temperature flue, so that the antiseptic treatment is not needed, the cost is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.