CN109525068B

CN109525068B - Cooling structure for balancing air pressure in machine base

Info

Publication number: CN109525068B
Application number: CN201811495555.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴楠; 孙德强; 屈斌; 张江涛; 倪伟
Original assignee: CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-07
Filing date: 2018-12-07
Publication date: 2021-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-07
Also published as: WO2020114219A1; CN109525068A

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor ventilation cooling structure, in particular to a cooling structure for balancing the air pressure in a base. The technical problems that the air quantity near the air inlet is large, the air quantity far away is small, and particularly the air quantity at the lower part of the motor is small due to unreasonable arrangement of the air passages of the motor at present are solved. A cooling structure for balancing the wind pressure in a machine base comprises the machine base, an air inlet end cover and an air outlet end cover which are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the machine base, wherein a stator is arranged in the machine base; the top of the engine base close to the front end of the engine base is provided with an air inlet; the stator tooth part in the inner side of the air inlet end cover extends out of the sealing ring to seal the rotor, and the sealing ring and the air inlet end cover form a V-shaped air path structure. The invention integrates the advantages of axial ventilation holes, optimized air volume and air pressure, small occupied space and the like, can be widely applied to the field of locomotive direct-drive traction motors, and has remarkable advantages particularly under the conditions that the requirement on the space at the bottom of a locomotive is higher and a user cannot provide larger air pressure.

Description

Cooling structure for balancing air pressure in machine base

Technical Field

The invention relates to a motor ventilation cooling structure, in particular to a cooling structure for balancing the air pressure in a base.

Background

With the continuous development of the industry, the required power and torque of freight locomotives are continuously improved, and the volume and weight of the freight locomotives are limited, so that the equipment installation space on the freight locomotives is reduced, and the traction motors are required to have the characteristics of strong cooling and heat dissipation capacity, small volume, light weight and the like. The punching sheet and the iron core made of the punching sheet are magnetizers of the motor and are media for electromechanical energy conversion, and the performance of the motor is directly influenced by the quality of the structure of the motor. In order to meet the requirements of the traction motor on volume, weight, ventilation and heat dissipation and the like, a brand new stator ventilation and cooling structure is needed to be invented so as to meet various specific requirements of a direct drive system of a locomotive.

Prior art relating to the invention

1. The prior stator ventilation cooling technical scheme is shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, and has the following characteristics:

a) the existing motor is uniformly provided with ventilation ducts on the circumference, and wind enters the motor from an air inlet and then passes through an axial wind path to cool the motor;

b) the sealing rings extending out of the existing motor end cover are arranged in the same circle, wind is guided downwards, and wind is prevented from entering the rotor.

2. The prior art scheme has the following defects:

a. the existing motor air ducts are uniformly arranged, air enters from an air inlet at the upper part, so that the air quantity of each air duct is balanced, the air quantity close to the air inlet is large, and the air quantity far away from the air inlet is small;

b. the sealing ring of the existing motor end cover and the air duct formed by the base cause that a local air duct is small when the air duct enters the lower part of the motor, and the air volume entering the lower part of the motor is smaller.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cooling structure for balancing the air pressure in a base, aiming at solving a series of technical problems that the air volume near an air inlet is large, the air volume far away is small, and particularly the air volume at the lower part of a motor is smaller and the like caused by unreasonable arrangement of an air path of the motor at present.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a cooling structure for balancing the wind pressure in a machine base comprises the machine base, an air inlet end cover and an air outlet end cover which are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the machine base, wherein a stator is arranged in the machine base; the top of the engine base close to the front end of the engine base is provided with an air inlet; the stator tooth part in the inner side of the air inlet end cover extends out of the sealing ring to seal the rotor, and the sealing ring and the air inlet end cover form a V-shaped air path structure.

In the field of direct-drive traction of locomotives, under the conditions that the railway track gauge and the wheel diameter of the locomotive are influenced and the overall dimension and the weight of a motor are limited, the output of the motor is ensured, and the temperature rise of the motor is reduced. The traditional cooling mode is difficult to complete due to the limitation of space and weight, and the heating problem of the motor is also outstanding due to factors such as increased output force and increased overload requirement, so that the design is more difficult. The space of the motor can only be reasonably utilized, the cooling air path is reasonably arranged, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved, and the local high-temperature phenomenon of the motor is reduced.

The sealing ring extending out of the end cover is matched with the base to seal the rotor, so that the air path only passes through the stator; the sealing ring and the end cover jointly form a herringbone air path, so that more air volume can be distributed below the motor.

Furthermore, the structure performs unbalanced distribution on the air duct area in the circumferential direction, the small air resistance of the air duct area above the air inlet is larger, and the large air resistance of the air duct area below the air inlet is small, so that the uniform distribution of the upper air volume and the lower air volume is facilitated.

The stator cooling structure with balanced ventilation is used for a permanent magnet traction motor with forced ventilation of a stator and sealing of a rotor, the motor is formed by assembling and installing the stator and an end cover, and an axial cooling air path is formed after sealing. The structure has reasonable structure, so that the air volume of the ventilation opening in the motor is more uniform, and the air volume and the air pressure of the upper part and the lower part of the motor are more uniform; the permanent magnet traction motor is particularly suitable for the permanent magnet traction motor with the stator forced ventilation and the rotor sealing, and is particularly more suitable for the locomotive direct-drive permanent magnet traction motor under the working conditions of high cooling and heat dissipation requirements, small volume and light weight.

The technical scheme of the invention brings beneficial effects

1. The implementation of the scheme of the invention provides a balanced ventilation stator cooling structure for the field of direct-drive traction motors of locomotives. The structure integrates the advantages of axial ventilation holes, optimized air volume and air pressure, small occupied space and the like, can be widely applied to the field of locomotive direct-drive traction motors, and particularly has obvious advantages under the conditions that the requirement on the space of the bottom of a locomotive is high and a user cannot provide large air pressure.

2. The novel design of the scheme of the invention is that the punching sheet body is provided with the air ducts which are unbalanced vertically, so that the wind resistance and the air volume distribution are optimized. Not only satisfies the forced draft design requirement, and wind path structure, windage, amount of wind distribution are reasonable moreover, and ventilation and whole radiating effect are all fine, make the motor volume littleer, and the reliability is higher.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air path according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial air passage of a stator according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper and lower air paths inside the motor below the air inlet.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an axial air path structure of a conventional motor stator.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a circumferential uniform structure of conventional vent holes.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a conventional end cover air guide structure.

1-circular lightening holes, 2-waist-shaped ventilation ducts, 3-stator rectangular open slots, 4-semicircular marking slots, 5-one of schematic inner and outer diameters of upper and lower air paths, 6-two of schematic inner and outer diameters of upper and lower air paths, 7-air outlet end covers, 8-engine bases, 9-air inlets, 10-air inlet end covers, 11-air outlets, 12-stators and 13-sealing rings.

Detailed Description

The axial air duct on the circumference of the stator 12 comprises a plurality of waist-shaped air ducts 2 which are arranged around the center of the stator 12 at intervals; the aperture of the waist-shaped air duct 2 positioned at the lower part of the stator 12 is larger than that of the waist-shaped air duct 2 positioned at the upper part of the stator; the waist-shaped ventilation duct 2 is arranged on the stator punching sheet body.

As shown in fig. 2, the aperture of the waist-shaped ventilation duct 2 gradually increases from top to bottom; a semicircular marking groove 4 is formed between the two waist-shaped ventilation ducts 2 at the top of the stator 12; circular lightening holes 1 are further distributed among the waist-shaped ventilation ducts 2.

As shown in fig. 1, the sealing ring 13 extends obliquely from the position near the center of the inner side of the air inlet end cover to the stator direction to form a flaring structure, and then extends horizontally to the stator tooth part and is in sealing butt joint with the stator tooth part to seal the rotor; the flared portion corresponds to the air inlet 9 of the housing 8. The position corresponding to the connection position of the sealing ring and the front end cover faces to the center of the end cover and then extends outwards to form a V-shaped structure.

The structure is applied to the field of direct-drive traction motors of locomotives, and the axial air path structure is shown in figure 1. The wind path is integrally formed by assembling and installing the base, the air inlet end cover and the air outlet end cover, and meanwhile, the sealing ring extending out of the end cover is installed in a matching mode with the base to seal the rotor, so that the wind path is guaranteed to only pass through the stator.

The structure performs unbalanced distribution on the air duct area in the circumferential direction, the small air resistance of the air duct area above the air inlet is large, the large air resistance of the air duct area below the air inlet is small, and the uniform distribution of the upper air quantity and the lower air quantity is facilitated. (see FIG. 2).

The structure is provided with a herringbone air passage (see figure 3) on the end cover of the air inlet, so that more air volume can be distributed below the motor; comparing with fig. 6, it can be known that the amount of wind is more close to the rotating shaft (i.e. close to the center of the motor), and the heat inside the motor can be better reduced.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiment

The motor punching sheet, the pressing ring and the pulling plate are combined into the base through welding, end covers at two ends are installed at the seam allowance part, meanwhile, the sealing ring on the end covers seals the rotor, and cooling air is guaranteed to only flow out of the stator wind path.

The technical key points of the invention are as follows:

the special ventilation structural design comprises an air inlet end cover inverted V-shaped air path, and an unbalanced ventilation channel structure for optimizing wind resistance and balancing air quantity in the machine base iron core balances the air quantity and the air pressure in the motor, so that the heat dissipation of the whole motor is facilitated.

The protection points of the invention are as follows:

1. the air inlet end cover is provided with a herringbone air path, and the end cover is provided with a V-shaped extending arm structure, so that the air guide area is increased, and the air quantity is balanced;

2. the axial asymmetric wind path design of the iron core of the machine base and the design of waist-shaped ventilation ducts with uneven upper part and lower part and different heights.

Claims

1. A cooling structure for balancing the wind pressure in a machine base comprises a machine base (8), an air inlet end cover (10) and an air outlet end cover (7) which are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the machine base (8), wherein a stator (12) is arranged in the machine base (8); the top of the engine base (8) close to the front end thereof is provided with an air inlet (9); the rotor sealing structure is characterized in that a sealing ring (13) extends towards the tooth part of the stator (12) in the air inlet end cover (10) to seal the rotor, and the sealing ring (13) and the air inlet end cover (10) form a V-shaped air path structure; the axial air channels on the circumference of the stator (12) are distributed unevenly, the area of the air channel above the stator (12) is small, and the area of the air channel below the stator is large; the axial air duct on the circumference of the stator (12) comprises a plurality of waist-shaped air ducts (2) which are arranged around the center of the stator (12) at intervals; the aperture of the waist-shaped ventilating duct (2) positioned at the lower part of the stator (12) is larger than that of the waist-shaped ventilating duct (2) positioned at the upper part of the stator; the waist-shaped ventilation duct (2) is formed on the stator punching sheet body; the aperture of the waist-shaped ventilation duct (2) is gradually increased from top to bottom.

2. The cooling structure for balancing the wind pressure inside the housing according to claim 1, wherein the top of the stator (12) is formed with a semicircular mark groove (4) between the two kidney-shaped ventilation ducts (2).

3. The cooling structure for balancing the wind pressure inside the engine base according to claim 1, wherein circular lightening holes (1) are further disposed between the adjacent kidney-shaped ventilation ducts (2).

4. The cooling structure for balancing the wind pressure inside the housing according to claim 1, wherein the sealing ring (13) extends from the inner side of the intake end cover (10) near its center to the stator in an inclined manner to form a flared structure, and then extends horizontally to the stator teeth to be in sealing contact with the stator teeth to seal the rotor.