CN109038951B - Cooling structure of new energy automobile electric drive assembly - Google Patents

Cooling structure of new energy automobile electric drive assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109038951B
CN109038951B CN201810820581.1A CN201810820581A CN109038951B CN 109038951 B CN109038951 B CN 109038951B CN 201810820581 A CN201810820581 A CN 201810820581A CN 109038951 B CN109038951 B CN 109038951B
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China
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oil
inner cavity
oil path
input shaft
new energy
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109038951A (en
Inventor
魏宇
郭建文
李纪强
刘乐
黄洪剑
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Shanghai Dajun Technologies Inc
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Shanghai Dajun Technologies Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cooling structure of an electric drive power assembly of a new energy automobile, which is characterized in that a drive motor shell is connected with the end surface of a reducer shell, a rotating shaft and a rotor iron core are arranged in the drive motor shell, the magnetic shield comprises a magnetic shield plate, a stator core and a stator coil, wherein magnetic steel is arranged in the rotor core along the circumferential direction, an input shaft and a reduction gear train are arranged in a speed reducer casing, the oil shield plate is arranged above an inner cavity of the speed reducer casing to form an oil storage cavity, an inner cavity communicated with the rotating shaft and the input shaft is arranged on the rotating shaft and the input shaft, a first oil way communicated with the oil storage cavity and the inner cavity of the input shaft is arranged on the side wall of the speed reducer casing, an oil outlet communicated with the inner cavity is arranged on the side wall of the inner cavity of the rotating shaft, a second oil way and a middle part communicated with the oil outlet are arranged in the rotor core along the length. The structure improves the heat dissipation effect of the driving motor, improves the power density of the driving motor, reduces the equipment cost and ensures the operation reliability of the power assembly.

Description

Cooling structure of new energy automobile electric drive assembly
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling structure of an electric drive power assembly of a new energy automobile.
Background
The development target of the driving motor of the new energy automobile at present is high power density and high integration, namely the driving motor outputs larger power under the same quality, and the motor and the speed reducer are integrated into an integrated structure. The heat dissipation performance of the driving motor directly influences the output performance and the service life of the driving motor, the driving motor is generally cooled by air cooling, water cooling, direct oil cooling and the like at present, but the air cooling and the water cooling are low in heat dissipation efficiency, and the direct oil cooling needs to be provided with parts such as an oil pump and a heat exchanger, so that the cost is high and the maintenance is difficult, and the bottleneck of improving the power density is formed by the cooling of the electric driving power assembly integrated by the driving motor and the speed reducer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a cooling structure of an electric drive power assembly of a new energy automobile, which overcomes the defect of cooling of the traditional drive motor, effectively improves the heat dissipation effect of the drive motor, improves the power density of the drive motor, reduces the equipment cost and ensures the operation reliability of the power assembly.
In order to solve the technical problem, the cooling structure of the electric drive power assembly of the new energy automobile comprises a drive motor shell and a speed reducer shell which are connected through end faces, a rotating shaft, a rotor core arranged on the rotating shaft, a magnetic isolation plate arranged on the end face of the rotor core, a stator core and a stator coil arranged on the inner wall of the drive motor shell are arranged in the drive motor shell, magnetic steel is arranged in the rotor core along the circumferential direction, an input shaft is arranged in the speed reducer shell, a speed reduction gear train is arranged on the input shaft, the cooling structure further comprises an oil baffle plate, the oil baffle plate is arranged above the inner cavity of the speed reducer shell to form an oil storage cavity, the rotating shaft is connected with the input shaft and is positioned on the same axis, the rotating shaft and the input shaft are provided with communicated inner cavities along the axial direction, and the side wall of, the side wall of the inner cavity of the rotating shaft is provided with an oil outlet hole communicated with the inner cavity, a second oil path is arranged in the rotor iron core along the length direction, the middle part of the second oil path is communicated with the oil outlet hole, two ends of the second oil path are located at the positions of the magnetism isolating plates, a fourth oil path is arranged between the magnetism isolating plates and the end faces of the rotor iron core, the fourth oil path is communicated with the second oil path, an outlet of the fourth oil path is arranged on the circumferential surface of the magnetism isolating plates, and a third oil path communicated with the inner cavity of the speed reducer.
Further, the second oil path comprises a longitudinal oil path and a transverse oil path and is arranged at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, the longitudinal oil path is formed by punching Y-shaped holes on rotor sheets corresponding to the oil outlet positions and punching V-shaped holes on the rotor sheets at other positions in a stacked mode, one side of each Y-shaped hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core and communicated with the oil outlet, the transverse oil path is formed by punching the rotor sheets in a stacked mode, and the punching positions of the transverse oil path are located at the end portions of the other two sides of each Y-shaped hole and close to the radial inner side triangle range where the magnetic steel is arranged.
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the transverse oil passage is circular or elliptical. Furthermore, the rotating shaft and the inner cavity of the input shaft are conical, and the large round end of the inner cavity of the input shaft is connected with the small round end of the inner cavity of the rotating shaft.
Further, the rotating shaft and the input shaft are an integral hollow shaft and the inner cavity of the hollow shaft is integrally conical.
Further, the first oil passage is provided in one side wall and/or the other side wall of the reduction gear case.
Furthermore, the structure also comprises a cooling water channel, and the cooling water channel is arranged in the shell of the driving motor.
Further, the third oil path is formed on the surface of the inner cavity of the driving motor shell, or the outer circular surface of the stator core, or the grooves formed on the surface of the inner cavity of the driving motor shell and the outer circular surface of the stator core are combined into the third oil path.
Furthermore, the third oil path is provided with a plurality of paths at intervals and in parallel along the surface of the inner cavity of the driving motor shell or the outer circular surface of the stator core and is respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the speed reducer shell.
Furthermore, the magnetism isolating plate is provided with a fourth oil path, the fourth oil path comprises a counter bore and arc-shaped grooves, the counter bore is axially formed in the inner side surface of the magnetism isolating plate, the arc-shaped grooves are communicated with the two sides of the counter bore, the counter bore is opposite to the bottom end of the V-shaped hole of the port of the second oil path, the arc-shaped grooves are opposite to the two sides of the V-shaped hole of the port of the second oil path, openings in the two ends of the arc-shaped grooves are located on the circumferential surface of the magnetism isolating plate, and the fourth oil path is.
Because the cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy automobile adopts the technical scheme, the structure is characterized in that a drive motor shell is connected with the end face of a speed reducer shell, a rotating shaft is arranged in the drive motor shell, a rotor core, a magnetic isolation plate, a stator core and a stator coil are arranged in the drive motor shell, magnetic steel is arranged in the rotor core along the circumferential direction, an input shaft and a speed reduction gear train are arranged in the speed reducer shell, the oil isolation plate is arranged above the inner cavity of the speed reducer shell to form an oil storage cavity, the rotating shaft and the input shaft are provided with communicated inner cavities, the side wall of the speed reducer shell is provided with a first oil way communicated with the oil storage cavity and the inner cavity of the input shaft, the side wall of the inner cavity of the rotating shaft is provided with an oil outlet communicated with the inner cavity, a second oil way is arranged in the rotor core along the length direction, the middle of the second oil. The structure overcomes the defect of cooling of the traditional driving motor, effectively improves the heat dissipation effect of the driving motor, improves the power density of the driving motor, reduces the equipment cost and ensures the reliability of the operation of the power assembly.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling structure of an electric drive assembly of a new energy automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the rotating shaft and the input shaft in the present structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the magnetic shield in this configuration.
Detailed Description
For example, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy automobile of the present invention includes a drive motor housing 1 and a reducer housing 2, which are connected with each other at end surfaces, a rotating shaft 11, a rotor core 12 disposed on the rotating shaft 11, a magnetic isolation plate 13 disposed on an end surface of the rotor core 12, a stator core 14 and a stator coil 15 disposed on an inner wall of the drive motor housing 1 are disposed in the drive motor housing 1, a magnetic steel 16 is disposed in the rotor core 12 along a circumferential direction, an input shaft 21 is disposed in the reducer housing 2, a reduction gear train 22 is disposed on the input shaft 21, the structure further includes an oil baffle plate 3, the oil baffle plate 3 is disposed above an inner cavity of the reducer housing 2 to form an oil storage cavity 31, the rotating shaft 11 is connected with the input shaft 21 and is located on the same axis, the, the lateral wall of the speed reducer casing 2 is provided with a first oil path 4 communicated with the oil storage cavity 31 and the inner cavity 23 of the input shaft 21, the lateral wall of the inner cavity 23 of the rotating shaft 11 is provided with an oil outlet 17 communicated with the inner cavity 23, a second oil path 5 is arranged in the rotor core 12 along the length direction, the middle part of the second oil path is communicated with the oil outlet 17 and two ends of the second oil path are located on the magnetic isolation plate 13, a fourth oil path 8 is arranged between the magnetic isolation plate 13 and the end surface of the rotor core 12, the fourth oil path 8 is communicated with the second oil path 5 and an outlet is arranged on the circumferential surface of the magnetic isolation plate 13, and the bottom surface of the driving motor casing 1 is provided with a third oil path 6.
Preferably, the second oil path 5 includes a longitudinal oil path 51 and a transverse oil path 52 and is arranged at an interval of 90 degrees along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 12, the longitudinal oil path 51 is formed by stacking Y-shaped rotor sheets corresponding to the oil outlet 17 and V-shaped rotor sheets at other positions, one side of the Y-shaped hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 12 and communicated with the oil outlet 17, the transverse oil path 52 is formed by opening holes of the rotor sheets and stacking the rotor sheets, and the opening positions of the transverse oil path are located at the other two side ends of the Y-shaped hole and close to the radial inner side triangle range where the magnetic steel 16 is arranged. The second oil path adopts a longitudinal oil path and a transverse oil path structure and is formed by punching the rotor sheet, so that the actual manufacturing of the rotor core is facilitated, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the rotor core and the built-in magnetic steel are effectively cooled, and the cooling effect of the rotor is improved.
Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the lateral oil passage 52 is circular or elliptical.
Preferably, the inner cavities of the rotating shaft 11 and the input shaft 21 are conical in shape, and the large round end of the inner cavity of the input shaft 21 is connected with the small round end of the inner cavity of the rotating shaft 11. The conical inner cavity helps to guide cooling lubricating oil to the rotor core, and utilization efficiency of the cooling lubricating oil is improved.
Preferably, the rotating shaft 11 and the input shaft 21 are an integral hollow shaft and the inner cavity thereof is integrally tapered in shape.
Preferably, the first oil passage 4 is provided in one side wall and/or the other side wall of the reduction gear case 2. The first oil path can also be replaced by an oil pipe arranged in the reducer shell, so that the manufacturing cost of the reducer shell can be reduced.
Preferably, the structure further comprises a spiral cooling water channel 7, and the cooling water channel 7 is arranged in the drive motor shell 1. The cooling water channel is connected with an external water cooling system, so that the cooling effect of the driving motor is further improved.
Preferably, the third oil path 6 is formed on the surface of the inner cavity of the drive motor casing 1, or the outer circumferential surface of the stator core 14, or the grooves formed on the surface of the inner cavity of the drive motor casing 1 and the outer circumferential surface of the stator core 14 are combined to form the third oil path. The third oil path can be flexibly arranged, and only cooling lubricating oil in the driving motor shell needs to be introduced into the speed reducer shell.
Preferably, the third oil path 6 is arranged in multiple parallel and spaced along the surface of the inner cavity of the drive motor housing 1 or the outer circumferential surface of the stator core 14, and is respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the reducer housing 2. The multi-path third oil path can introduce the cooling lubricating oil accumulated in the drive motor shell into the speed reducer shell in time, and circulation of the cooling lubricating oil between the speed reducer shell and the drive motor shell is ensured.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the fourth oil path 8 includes a counter bore 81 axially formed in an inner side surface of the magnetism isolating plate 13 and an arc-shaped groove 82 communicated with two sides of the counter bore 81, the counter bore 81 is directly opposite to a bottom end of a V-shaped hole of the port of the second oil path 5, the arc-shaped groove 82 is directly opposite to two sides of the V-shaped hole of the port of the second oil path 5, openings at two ends of the arc-shaped groove 82 are located on a circumferential surface of the magnetism isolating plate 13, and the fourth oil paths 8 are uniformly distributed at intervals along a circumferential direction of the magnetism isolating plate 13.
In driving motor, the inboard surface of magnetic shield and the laminating of rotor core terminal surface to form the fourth oil circuit that comprises counter bore and arc wall at the rotor core terminal surface, the cooling lubricating oil that the second oil circuit flows into the counter bore and throws away through the arc wall, and wherein the magnet steel of rotor core terminal surface is hugged closely to the arc wall, and the magnet steel that is located the rotor core terminal surface is cooled off to the focus. The whole process is that the cooling lubricating oil in the inner cavity of the rotating shaft is thrown to the end part of the stator coil through the oil outlet, the second oil path and the fourth oil path under the action of the centrifugal force of the rotor, and oil at the end part of the stator coil falls to the motor shell and flows back to the speed reducer shell through the third oil path.
When an electric drive power assembly consisting of a drive motor and a speed reducer operates, a rotating shaft of the drive motor drives an input shaft of the speed reducer to rotate, the input shaft drives a speed reduction gear train to operate, and the speed reduction gear train operates to throw cooling lubricating oil at the bottom of a shell of the speed reducer to an oil storage cavity; the cooling lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity flows to the hollow inner cavity of the input shaft of the speed reducer and the rotating shaft of the motor through the first oil way under the action of gravity, flows into the second oil way through the rotating shaft oil outlet hole under the action of centrifugal force of the rotor core, is thrown to the end part of the stator coil after passing through the second oil way and the fourth oil way, finally drips and flows into the third oil way through the third oil way, and finally flows to the bottom of the shell of the speed reducer, so that complete circulation flow of the cooling lubricating oil is formed. During the period, the cooling lubricating oil cools the rotor core, the stator core, the end part of the stator coil, the end part magnetic steel and the magnetic isolation plate, so that the heat dissipation effect of the driving motor is effectively improved, and the power density of the driving motor is improved.
The circulation of cooling lubricating oil need not the oil pump and provides power among this structure, utilizes the rotation of driving motor and reduction gear to realize the circulation of oil, compares in the cooling method that adopts the oil pump fuel feeding at present, and the cost is reduced, and the reliability is high.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a new energy automobile electricity drives cooling structure of power assembly, includes drive motor casing and the reduction gear casing of end connection, be equipped with the pivot in the drive motor casing, locate the rotor core of pivot, locate the magnetic shield of rotor core terminal surface, locate the stator core and the stator coil of drive motor casing inner wall, be equipped with the magnet steel along the circumferencial direction in the rotor core, be equipped with the input shaft in the reduction gear casing, be equipped with speed reduction gear train, its characterized in that on the input shaft: this structure still includes the oil baffle, the oil baffle is located reduction case inner chamber top constitutes the oil storage chamber, pivot and input shaft are connected and are located same axis, pivot and input shaft are equipped with the inner chamber of intercommunication along the axial, reduction case lateral wall is equipped with the intercommunication the first oil circuit of oil storage chamber and input shaft inner chamber, pivot inner chamber lateral wall is equipped with the oil outlet of intercommunication inner chamber, be equipped with the second oil circuit along length direction in the rotor iron core, second oil circuit middle part intercommunication oil outlet, both ends are located the magnetic shield position, be equipped with the fourth oil circuit between magnetic shield and the rotor iron core terminal surface, the fourth oil circuit intercommunication the second oil circuit is located and the export the periphery of magnetic shield, drive motor casing bottom surface is equipped with the intercommunication the third oil circuit of reduction case inner chamber.
2. The cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the second oil path comprises a longitudinal oil path and a transverse oil path and is arranged at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, the longitudinal oil path is formed by opening Y-shaped holes on rotor sheets corresponding to the oil outlet positions and opening V-shaped holes on the rotor sheets at other positions in a stacked mode, one side of each Y-shaped hole is perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core and communicated with the oil outlet, the transverse oil path is formed by opening holes on the rotor sheets in a stacked mode, and the opening positions of the transverse oil path are located at the other two side end portions of each Y-shaped hole and close to the radial inner side triangular range where the magnetic steel is arranged.
3. The cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the cross section of the transverse oil way is circular or elliptical.
4. The cooling structure of the electric drive train of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the rotating shaft and the inner cavity of the input shaft are conical, and the large round end of the inner cavity of the input shaft is connected with the small round end of the inner cavity of the rotating shaft.
5. The cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 4, wherein: the rotating shaft and the input shaft are integral hollow shafts and the inner cavities of the integral hollow shafts are integrally conical.
6. The cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 5, wherein: the first oil passage is provided in one side wall and/or the other side wall of the reduction gear case.
7. The cooling structure of the electric drive train of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 5 or 6, wherein: the structure further comprises a cooling water channel, and the cooling water channel is arranged in the driving motor shell.
8. The cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the third oil path is formed on the surface of the inner cavity of the driving motor shell, or the outer circular surface of the stator core, or the surface of the inner cavity of the driving motor shell and the outer circular surface of the stator core are grooved to form the third oil path.
9. The cooling structure of the electric drive assembly of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 8, wherein: and the third oil path is provided with a plurality of paths at intervals and in parallel along the surface of the inner cavity of the driving motor shell or the excircle surface of the stator core and is respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the speed reducer shell.
10. The cooling structure of the electric drive train of the new energy vehicle as set forth in claim 8 or 9, wherein: the fourth oil path comprises a counter bore formed in the inner side face of the magnetism isolating plate along the axial direction and arc-shaped grooves communicated with the two sides of the counter bore, the counter bore is right opposite to the bottom end of the V-shaped hole of the port of the second oil path, the arc-shaped grooves are right opposite to the two sides of the V-shaped hole of the port of the second oil path, openings at the two ends of the arc-shaped grooves are located on the circumferential face of the magnetism isolating plate, and the fourth oil path is uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of.
CN201810820581.1A 2018-07-24 2018-07-24 Cooling structure of new energy automobile electric drive assembly Active CN109038951B (en)

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