CN111756133A

CN111756133A - Motor cooling structure, motor, car

Info

Publication number: CN111756133A
Application number: CN202010641391.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张小波; 陈彬; 薛家宁; 高峰; 刘健宁; 丁佐蓬
Original assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Current assignee: Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
Priority date: 2020-07-06
Filing date: 2020-07-06
Publication date: 2020-10-09

Abstract

The invention provides a motor cooling structure, a motor and an automobile, wherein the motor cooling structure comprises a motor shell, an axial oil duct is formed in the motor shell and is communicated with an external cooling oil supply component flow path, at least one axial end of the axial oil duct is provided with an oil injection piece, and the oil injection piece can guide cooling oil in the axial oil duct to an axial end part of a stator coil and a bearing chamber arranged on a motor end cover simultaneously. According to the motor cooling structure, the motor and the automobile, the oil injection piece can be used for efficiently cooling the stator coil in the motor shell and the bearing in the motor end cover bearing chamber, the cooling structure is simple in design and manufacture, and the cooling effect is good.

Description

Motor cooling structure, motor, car

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of motor manufacturing, in particular to a motor cooling structure, a motor and an automobile.

Background

At present, new energy automobile owner drives the motor at the actual motion in-process, when being in the big moment of torsion of low-speed, the stator and the rotor of owner driving the motor can send a large amount of heats, the radiating mode of owner driving the motor mostly is mostly to offer the spiral water runner in motor housing inside, through the circulation flow of water in the casing, and then realize the refrigerated effect of motor, there is motor stator winding (coil) in this kind of cooling mode, the rotor can't obtain direct cooling, the main source of generating heat of owner driving the motor can not obtain effectual cooling, therefore the motor heat load is limited, and then it is limited to lead to the motor volume. In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the motor in the prior art, the mode of adopting oil cooling type cooling has appeared, because the cooling oil does not have electric conductivity, therefore it can directly contact with each heating source of the motor, each heating source of the main drive motor is effectively cooled, under the same performance requirement, the oil cooling motor compares traditional water-cooled motor, the heat load is improved, the motor volume can be reduced, the power density is further improved, the cooling oil can lubricate and cool the motor bearing simultaneously, and further the motor life is also improved, but the oil circuit structure is complicated, the processing technology is loaded down with trivial details, the oil circuit structure adopts screw fastening, processing technologies such as welding, each spare part structure is complicated, the processing cost is high, how to design a cooling structure, how to simplify the oil circuit structure is the problem of waiting to solve in industry urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a motor cooling structure, a motor and an automobile, wherein the oil injection piece can efficiently cool a stator coil in a motor shell and a bearing in a motor end cover bearing chamber, the cooling structure is simple in design and manufacture, and the cooling effect is good.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a motor cooling structure including a motor case configured with an axial oil passage that communicates with an external cooling oil supply component flow passage, at least one axial end of the axial oil passage being provided with an oil jet piece that is capable of guiding cooling oil in the axial oil passage to both an axial end portion of a stator coil and a bearing chamber provided on a motor end cover.

Preferably, the oil injection piece is provided with an oil injection body and an oil guide joint, the oil guide joint is provided with an oil inlet pipe, a first oil outlet pipe and a second oil outlet pipe, the first oil outlet pipe is connected with an oil inlet of the oil injection body, the oil inlet pipe is communicated with the axial oil duct, and the second oil outlet pipe is communicated with the bearing chamber.

Preferably, an oil distribution flow passage is formed in the oil injection body, and a plurality of oil injection ports are arranged on a wall body of the oil distribution flow passage at intervals.

Preferably, the diameter of the distribution reference circle of the plurality of oil nozzles is larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the stator coil.

Preferably, the oil distribution flow passage is provided with an oil collecting box, and the oil collecting box is connected with the oil guide joint.

Preferably, the oil injection piece further comprises an installation flange, a positioning protrusion is arranged on the installation flange, a corresponding positioning groove is formed in one end, corresponding to the oil injection piece, of the motor shell, and the positioning protrusion can be embedded in the positioning groove to achieve assembly connection of the oil injection piece and the motor shell.

Preferably, the motor end cover is provided with a guide flow passage, and the guide flow passage can receive the cooling oil in the second oil outlet pipe and guide the cooling oil into the bearing chamber.

Preferably, the guide flow channel is located on an outer side wall of the motor end cover, a through hole is formed in the motor end cover, and the second oil outlet pipe is communicated with the guide flow channel through the through hole.

Preferably, the motor end cover further includes a cover plate, the guide flow passage having an open side, the cover plate being attached to the open side in a covering manner; and/or, the outer walls of the oil inlet pipe, the first oil outlet pipe and the second oil outlet pipe are sleeved with sealing rings.

Preferably, the motor end cover is a motor non-shaft-extension end cover, the cover plate is further provided with a flow guide piece, and the flow guide piece can receive cooling oil in the guide flow channel and guide the cooling oil to a hollow structure of a rotating shaft of a motor rotor corresponding to the flow guide piece.

Preferably, the outlet oil dropping point of the flow guide piece is positioned in the middle of the axial length of the rotating shaft; and/or an oil blocking rib is arranged in the guide flow passage, and the oil blocking rib divides the guide flow passage into a bearing drainage passage aiming at the bearing chamber and a rotating shaft drainage passage aiming at the flow guide piece; and/or an oil throwing hole is arranged on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft.

Preferably, a water-cooling flow channel is further configured on the motor casing, and the water-cooling flow channel is used for cooling the stator core.

The invention also provides a motor, which comprises a motor cooling structure, wherein the motor cooling structure is the motor cooling structure.

The invention further provides an automobile which comprises the main drive motor.

According to the motor cooling structure, the motor and the automobile, the oil injection piece can guide the cooling oil in the axial oil duct to the axial end part of the stator coil and the bearing chamber on the motor end cover, so that the stator coil in the motor shell and the bearing in the bearing chamber of the motor end cover can be efficiently cooled, the cooling structure is simple in design and manufacture, and the cooling effect is good.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view (exploded view) of a cooling structure of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of fig. 1 (arrows show the flow path of cooling oil);

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at A;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the motor casing in fig. 1;

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 5 (the arrows show the flow path of the cooling water);

FIG. 7 is a perspective view (exploded view) of the injection member of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the fuel injection body of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the end cap of FIG. 1 suitable for use in the non-shaft-extending end of the motor;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the end cap of FIG. 1 adapted for use with the shaft end of the motor;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the end cover of the non-shaft-extension end of the motor in fig. 1.

The reference numerals are represented as:

1. a motor housing; 11. an axial oil passage; 111. a cooling oil inlet pipe; 12. a positioning groove; 2. an oil injection piece; 21. a mounting flange; 211. an oil injection port; 22. oil injection body; 23. an oil liquid distribution runner; 231. an oil guide joint; 232. an oil inlet pipe; 233. a first oil outlet pipe; 234. a second oil outlet pipe; 235. a seal ring; 236. an oil collecting box; 24. positioning the projection; 31. a motor end cover; 311. a bearing chamber; 312. a guide flow passage; 313. a through hole; 314. an oil blocking rib; 315. a cover plate; 41. a flow guide member; 235. a seal ring; 100. a stator coil; 101. a stator core; 102. a motor rotor; 103. a rotor core; 104. a rotating shaft; 1041. an oil throwing hole; 105. a bearing; 200. a water-cooling flow channel; 201. a water inlet pipe; 202. and (5) discharging a water pipe.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 11 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a motor cooling structure is provided, which includes a motor housing 1, a water cooling flow passage 200 configured on the motor housing 1, the water cooling flow passage 200 being used for cooling a stator core 101, and an axial oil passage 11, the axial oil passage 11 being in flow communication with an external cooling oil supply component, at least one axial end of the axial oil passage 11 being provided with an oil injection piece 2, the oil injection piece 2 having an oil injection port 211, the oil injection port 211 being capable of guiding cooling oil in the axial oil passage 11 to an axial end of a stator coil 100. In the technical scheme, the oil injection piece 2 is arranged to spray the cooling oil in the axial oil passage 11 to the axial end part of the stator coil 100 corresponding to the arrangement position of the stator coil, thereby realizing efficient cooling of the axial end portion of the stator coil, and at the same time, the water-cooling flow passage 200 is provided to cool the motor casing 1 and the stator core 101, thereby realizing the comprehensive cooling of the inside and the outside of the motor by the water cooling and the oil cooling, having better cooling effect, it should be noted that the water-cooling channel 200 of the present invention is a water-cooling channel in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is realized only by improving the existing motor shell 1 with the water-cooling flow channel, and then the structure of the water-cooling machine shell with more mature technology in the prior art is fully utilized, and the technical difficulty and the manufacturing cost brought by a brand-new design of the cooling oil duct can be reduced. It is to be understood that, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, at least two oil injection members 2 may be provided in the present invention, and at least two oil injection members 2 are provided corresponding to the two axial ends of the stator coil 100, respectively, so as to achieve sufficient cooling of the two axial ends of the stator coil 100. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the water-cooling flow channel 200 has an inlet pipe 201 and an outlet pipe 202 for cooling water, the water-cooling flow channel 200 is disposed in a serpentine shape in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the motor housing 1 to cover the entire area of the motor housing 1 as much as possible, and the axial oil passage 11 is disposed on a spacer rib of the water-cooling flow channel 200 and is communicated with an external cooling oil supply component flow path through a cooling oil inlet pipe 111, and it can be further understood that a corresponding oil return structure may be further disposed at the bottom of the motor housing 1 to lead out cooling oil that enters the interior of the motor and is subjected to heat exchange and perform external cooling.

Preferably, the motor is a horizontal motor, the oil injection part 2 includes an oil injection main body 22, an oil distribution flow passage 23 is formed in the oil injection main body 22, a plurality of oil injection ports 211 are arranged at intervals on a wall body of the oil distribution flow passage 23, and the oil injection main body 22 corresponds to an upper region of the stator coil 100 after being assembled. In this case, the diameter of the pitch circle of the oil jet 211 is preferably larger than the diameter of the outer circle of the stator coil 100. At this time, the corresponding oil injection port 211 mainly realizes an oil injection effect for the upper oil injection port, the oil injection port 211 positioned at the upper part can spray cooling oil to the upper area of the end part of the stator coil 100, and the cooling oil can still be scattered on the lower area of the stator coil 100 under the action of self weight, so that the cooling structure can be ensured to realize effective cooling of the shaft end of the stator coil 100 even when the motor is in a horizontal state.

Preferably, the oil distribution flow passage 23 has an oil collection box 236, an oil guide joint 231 is connected to the oil collection box 236, the oil guide joint 231 has an oil inlet pipe 232 and a first oil outlet pipe 233, the first oil outlet pipe 233 is connected to the oil inlet, the oil inlet pipe 232 is communicated with the axial oil passage 11, in this technical scheme, the cooling oil in the axial oil passage 11 can be guided to a downstream component through the arrangement of the oil guide joint 231, and the design of the oil passage is more flexible. For example, the motor cooling structure further includes a motor end cover 31, the motor end cover 31 has a bearing chamber 311, the oil guide joint 231 further has a second oil outlet pipe 234, the motor end cover 31 has a guide flow passage 312, the guide flow passage 312 can receive the cooling oil in the second oil outlet pipe 234 and guide the cooling oil into the bearing chamber 311, and the oil guide joint 231, on one hand, plays a role in guiding and communicating the cooling oil and, on the other hand, can distribute the cooling oil in the axial oil passage 11.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide flow passage 312 is located on an outer side wall of the motor end cover 31, the motor end cover 31 has a through hole 313, and the second oil outlet pipe 234 is communicated with the guide flow passage 312 through the through hole 313, and further,

the motor end cover 31 further includes a cover plate 315, the guide flow passage 312 has an open side, and the cover plate 315 covers and is connected to the open side, so as to facilitate the fabrication of the guide flow passage 312 on the motor end cover 31, while it is understood that, in practical applications, a corresponding seal is provided between the cover plate 315 and the motor end cover 31 to prevent leakage of cooling oil. It is further understood that the specific structure of the cover plate 315 can be flexibly designed according to the specific structural style and application scenario of the motor end cover 31, for example, when the motor end cover 31 is used as a non-shaft-extending side end cover of a motor, the cover plate 315 can cover and seal the opening of the guiding flow channel 312, and can also form a sealing cover for the corresponding end of the rotating shaft 104 and the corresponding bearing 105 of the motor rotor 102, so as to prevent external dust from entering the bearing chamber 311; the outer walls of the oil inlet pipe 232, the first oil outlet pipe 233 and the second oil outlet pipe 234 are sleeved with a sealing ring 235.

When the motor end cover 31 is a motor non-shaft extension end cover, the cover plate 315 further has a flow guide element 41, the flow guiding element 41 can receive the cooling oil in the guiding flow channel 312 and guide the cooling oil to the hollow structure of the rotating shaft 104 of the corresponding motor rotor 102, in order to introduce the cooling oil in the axial oil passage 11 into the rotating shaft 104 through one side of the motor end cover 31 to achieve efficient cooling of the motor rotor 102, it is particularly emphasized that the cooling oil introduced into the rotating shaft 104 can ensure that the temperature rise of the cooling oil in the axial oil passage 11 is small through the outer side of the motor end cover 31 rather than the interior of the motor casing 1, thereby ensuring that the cooling oil can enter the rotating shaft 104 at a lower temperature (preventing the temperature rise in the process of flowing to the rotating shaft 104 from being too high due to heat exchange), and further ensuring effective cooling of the motor rotor 102. Preferably, the outlet oil dropping point of the flow guide member 41 is located at the middle position of the axial length of the rotating shaft 104, at this time, the rotating shaft 104 can transfer the introduced cooling oil to the two axial sides of the rotating shaft 104 under the action of centrifugal force in the rotating process, and further, the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft 104 is provided with an oil throwing hole 1041 to ensure the cooling effect of the cooling oil on the rotor core 103.

The oil blocking ribs 314 are arranged in the guide flow passage 312, the oil blocking ribs 314 divide the guide flow passage 312 into a bearing flow guide for the bearing chamber 311 and a rotating shaft flow guide for the flow guide 41, as shown in fig. 11, the oil blocking ribs 314 are two, the two oil blocking ribs 314 are spaced from each other and extend oppositely along the guide direction of the guide flow passage 312, so as to divide the guide flow passage into the rotating shaft flow guide in the middle and the bearing flow guide on both sides, and it can be further understood that the flow guide 41 is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft flow guide.

Preferably, the oil injection member 2 further includes a mounting flange 21, the mounting flange 21 is provided with a positioning protrusion 24, the corresponding end of the motor housing 1 and the oil injection member 2 is provided with a corresponding positioning groove 12, the positioning protrusion 24 can be embedded in the positioning groove 12 to realize the assembly connection of the oil injection member 2 and the motor housing 1, and it can be further understood that the final positioning of the oil injection member 2 depends on the common clamping action of the corresponding motor end cover 31 and the motor housing 1, of course, the positioning protrusion 24 can also be simultaneously arranged on one side of the mounting flange 21 facing the motor end cover 31, and the corresponding motor end cover 31 is also configured with the positioning groove 12 corresponding to the positioning protrusion 24, thereby realizing the more reliable connection of the oil injection member 2.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a motor including a motor cooling structure, where the motor cooling structure is the above-mentioned motor cooling structure.

According to an embodiment of the invention, there is also provided an automobile including a main drive motor, which is the motor described above.

It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The motor cooling structure is characterized by comprising a motor shell (1), wherein an axial oil channel (11) is constructed on the motor shell (1), the axial oil channel (11) is communicated with an external cooling oil supply component flow path, at least one axial end of the axial oil channel (11) is provided with an oil injection piece (2), and the oil injection piece (2) can guide cooling oil in the axial oil channel (11) to an axial end part of a stator coil (100) and a bearing chamber (311) arranged on a motor end cover (31) simultaneously.

2. The cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein the oil injection member (2) has an oil injection body (22), an oil guide joint (231), the oil guide joint (231) has an oil inlet pipe (232), a first oil outlet pipe (233), and a second oil outlet pipe (234), the first oil outlet pipe (233) is connected to an oil inlet of the oil injection body (22), the oil inlet pipe (232) communicates with the axial oil passage (11), and the second oil outlet pipe (234) communicates with the bearing chamber (311).

3. The cooling structure according to claim 2, wherein an oil distribution flow passage (23) is formed in the oil injection body (22), and a plurality of oil injection ports (211) are provided at intervals on a wall of the oil distribution flow passage (23).

4. The cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein a diameter of a distributed pitch circle of the plurality of oil jets (211) is larger than a diameter of an outside circle of the stator coil (100).

5. The cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein the oil distribution flow passage (23) has an oil trap (236), and the oil trap (236) is connected to the oil guide joint (231).

6. The cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil injection piece (2) further comprises a mounting flange (21), the mounting flange (21) is provided with a positioning protrusion (24), the corresponding end of the motor casing (1) and the oil injection piece (2) is provided with a corresponding positioning groove (12), and the positioning protrusion (24) can be embedded in the positioning groove (12) to realize the assembly connection of the oil injection piece (2) and the motor casing (1).

7. The cooling structure according to claim 2, wherein the motor end cover (31) has a guide flow passage (312), and the guide flow passage (312) can receive the cooling oil in the second oil outlet pipe (234) and guide the cooling oil into the bearing chamber (311).

8. The cooling structure according to claim 7, wherein the guide flow passage (312) is provided on an outer side wall of the motor end cover (31), the motor end cover (31) has a through hole (313), and the second oil outlet pipe (234) is communicated with the guide flow passage (312) through the through hole (313).

9. The cooling structure according to claim 8, wherein the motor end cover (31) further includes a cover plate (315), the guide flow passage (312) has an open side, and the cover plate (315) is cover-connected to the open side; and/or, the outer walls of the oil inlet pipe (232), the first oil outlet pipe (233) and the second oil outlet pipe (234) are sleeved with sealing rings (235).

10. The cooling structure according to claim 9, wherein the motor end cover (31) is a non-shaft-extension end cover of a motor, and the cover plate (315) further has a flow guide element (41), and the flow guide element (41) can receive the cooling oil in the guide flow channel (312) and guide the cooling oil into a hollow structure of a rotating shaft (104) of a corresponding motor rotor (102).

11. The cooling structure according to claim 10, wherein an outlet oil drop point of the flow guide (41) is at a middle position of an axial length of the rotating shaft (104); and/or an oil blocking rib (314) is arranged in the guide flow passage (312), and the oil blocking rib (314) divides the guide flow passage (312) into a bearing drainage passage aiming at the bearing chamber (311) and a rotating shaft drainage passage aiming at the flow guide piece (41); and/or an oil throwing hole (1041) is arranged on the peripheral wall of the rotating shaft (104).

12. The cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein a water cooling flow passage (200) is further formed in the motor casing (1), and the water cooling flow passage (200) is used for cooling the stator core (101).

13. An electric machine comprising a machine cooling structure, characterized in that the machine cooling structure is the machine cooling structure of any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. An automotive vehicle comprising a main drive motor, wherein said main drive motor is an electric motor as claimed in claim 13.