CN109522574B - Forearm curved surface model construction method and forearm fixing support - Google Patents

Forearm curved surface model construction method and forearm fixing support Download PDF

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CN109522574B
CN109522574B CN201710852363.1A CN201710852363A CN109522574B CN 109522574 B CN109522574 B CN 109522574B CN 201710852363 A CN201710852363 A CN 201710852363A CN 109522574 B CN109522574 B CN 109522574B
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forearm
curve
characteristic
characteristic curve
flexor
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CN109522574A (en
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姜自伟
黄枫
郑晓辉
丛海宸
陆宇云
孙世栋
劳永生
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First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
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First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for constructing a forearm curved surface model and a forearm fixing support, wherein the method for constructing the forearm curved surface model comprises the following steps: s1: acquiring data from the forearm elbows of a plurality of human bodies to the tail ends of the four fingers outside the thumb to acquire a plurality of corresponding forearm data models; s2: for each forearm data model, intercepting a characteristic plane of the forearm data model to obtain a forearm characteristic curve, and obtaining a plurality of corresponding forearm characteristic curves; s3: aligning a plurality of forearm characteristic curves at a preset position, and obtaining an average value of the forearm characteristic curves to obtain an average forearm characteristic curve; s4: and constructing a standard forearm curved surface model according to the average forearm characteristic curve. The forearm curved surface model constructed by the construction method can be used as a standard and general curved surface model, and has strong universality and good fitting property; the forearm fixing support is high in universality and good in fit.

Description

Forearm curved surface model construction method and forearm fixing support
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fracture medical equipment, in particular to a construction method of a forearm curved surface model and a forearm fixing support.
Background
In orthopaedics trauma clinic, forearm fracture caused by sudden events or osteoporosis is more frequent. In general, for the treatment of forearm fracture, fixing support such as wood fracture splint or plaster is mainly used to fix the fracture part until the fracture part is completely healed. Traditional fixed brace, because of restriction such as material, manufacturing process, can not be better with patient's limbs laminating generally, the patient is wearing the travelling comfort when being relatively poor. There are also some fixation braces that are custom designed by specifically performing a three-dimensional scan reconstruction of the fracture site of the patient to enable the fixation brace to better conform to the patient's limb. However, the obtained fixing support is strong in specificity, cannot be suitable for different types of people, and is poor in universality.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a method for constructing a forearm curved surface model and a forearm fixing support, wherein the method for constructing the forearm curved surface model can construct a standard and universal forearm curved surface model, and the forearm curved surface model can be suitable for forearms of different human bodies, and has strong universality and good fitting property; the forearm fixing support can be applied to forearms of different human bodies, and is high in universality and good in fit.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the construction method of the forearm curved surface model comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring data from the forearm elbows of a plurality of human bodies to the tail ends of the four fingers outside the thumb to acquire a plurality of corresponding forearm data models;
s2: for each forearm data model, intercepting a characteristic plane of the forearm data model to obtain a forearm characteristic curve, and obtaining a plurality of corresponding forearm characteristic curves;
s3: aligning a plurality of forearm characteristic curves at a preset position, and obtaining an average value of the forearm characteristic curves to obtain an average forearm characteristic curve;
s4: constructing a standard forearm curved surface model according to the average forearm characteristic curve;
in one embodiment, the characteristic plane at least comprises a wrist position plane, an arm protruding bone highest position plane and a position plane with maximum change of curvature of the brachial radial muscle and the radial wrist flexor, and the characteristic curve corresponds to at least comprises a wrist position characteristic curve, an arm protruding bone highest position characteristic curve and a position characteristic curve with maximum change of curvature of the brachial radial muscle and the radial wrist flexor.
In one embodiment, the characteristic plane at least further comprises a plane at the distal end of the thumb outer four-finger, a plane at the lateral flexor carpi brachiocarpi radialis and a plane at the elbow position, and the characteristic curve corresponds to at least further comprises a characteristic curve at the distal end of the thumb outer four-finger, a characteristic curve at the lateral flexor carpi brachiocarpi radialis and the elbow position and a plane characteristic curve at the elbow position.
In one embodiment, the characteristic curve is a spline curve.
In one embodiment, the characteristic curve is an arc curve, the arc curve includes at least four arc partial curves, and the at least four arc partial curves are an arc partial curve at the palm side, an arc partial curve at the back side, an arc partial curve at the ulnar side and an arc partial curve at the radial side respectively.
In one embodiment, the circular arc curve includes eight circular arc partial curves.
In one embodiment, the preset position is one of the wrist position, the highest position of the arm protruding bone, the position with the largest curvature change of the brachiocephalic muscle and the radial flexor, the distal end position of the finger of the thumb, the position of the brachiocephalic muscle and the radial flexor, or the two positions of the brachiocephalic muscle and the radial flexor.
In one embodiment, the preset positions are a position with the maximum change of curvature of the brachiocarpal flexor muscle and the radial flexor muscle and a position of the wrist, wherein the position with the maximum change of curvature of the brachiocarpal flexor muscle and the radial flexor muscle is a main alignment position, and the position of the wrist is a secondary alignment position.
In one embodiment, in step S1, a depth camera or a hand-held laser scanner is used to acquire data from the forearm elbows to the distal ends of the four digits of the thumb of a plurality of human subjects.
The forearm fixing support is manufactured by adopting the forearm curved surface model constructed by the construction method of the forearm curved surface model.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for constructing the forearm curved surface model, data acquisition is carried out on the tail ends of the four fingers from the elbow parts to the outer sides of the thumbs of the forearms of a plurality of human bodies to obtain a plurality of corresponding forearm data models, then a plurality of forearm characteristic curves are correspondingly obtained, the forearm characteristic curves are aligned at preset positions to obtain an average value, the average forearm characteristic curve is obtained, and a standard forearm curved surface model is constructed; on the other hand, the forearm curved surface model is obtained by collecting and aligning a plurality of human bodies and averaging, can be used as a standard and universal forearm curved surface model, can be suitable for forearms of most different human bodies, has strong universality and provides raw data for medical research and support instrument design.
The forearm fixing support is manufactured by adopting the forearm curved surface model of the forearm curved surface model building method component, can be well attached to the human forearm, is good in attaching performance, can be suitable for forearms of most different human bodies, and is high in universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a forearm curved surface model according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a forearm curved surface model when the characteristic curve is a spline curve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a forearm curved model with spline curves as the characteristic curve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a forearm fixing brace according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a forearm curved surface model when the characteristic curve is an arc curve according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a forearm curved model with a characteristic curve being a circular arc curve according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a forearm fixing support according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there are no intervening elements present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, are used herein to distinguish between objects, but the objects are not limited by these terms.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for constructing a forearm curved surface model includes the following steps:
s1: acquiring data from the forearm elbows of a plurality of human bodies to the tail ends of the four fingers outside the thumb to acquire a plurality of corresponding forearm data models;
s2: for each forearm data model, intercepting a characteristic plane of the forearm data model to obtain a forearm characteristic curve, and obtaining a plurality of corresponding forearm characteristic curves;
s3: aligning a plurality of forearm characteristic curves at a preset position, and obtaining an average value of the forearm characteristic curves to obtain an average forearm characteristic curve;
s4: constructing a standard forearm curved surface model according to the average forearm characteristic curve;
according to the method for constructing the forearm curved surface model, data acquisition is carried out on the tail ends of the four fingers from the elbow parts to the outer sides of the thumbs of the forearms of a plurality of human bodies to obtain a plurality of corresponding forearm data models, then a plurality of forearm characteristic curves are correspondingly obtained, the forearm characteristic curves are aligned at preset positions to obtain an average value, the average forearm characteristic curve is obtained, and a standard forearm curved surface model is constructed; on the other hand, the forearm curved surface model is obtained by carrying out data acquisition on a plurality of human forearms and carrying out alignment and average value calculation, can be used as a standard and universal forearm curved surface model, can be suitable for forearms of most different human bodies, has strong universality, provides raw data for medical research and instrument design, can be 3D printed for academic research, and can also be used as a CAD model for other design requirements. In addition, through carrying out data acquisition to the forearm elbow of human body to the outer four-finger end of thumb, the one end of the forearm curved surface model of design obtains can correspond with the elbow position of patient's forearm, and the other end can correspond with the outer four-finger end position of patient's thumb, and when the fixed brace of forearm according to the corresponding design of this forearm curved surface model used, it is convenient to dress, fixed effectual.
In this embodiment, the feature plane at least includes a plane at the wrist, a plane at the highest position of the protruding bones of the arm, and a plane at which the curvature of the brachiocephalic muscle and the flexor carpi radialis changes the greatest. The characteristic curves at least comprise wrist characteristic curves, arm raised bone highest characteristic curves and characteristic curves at positions with maximum change of curvature of the brachial radial muscle and the radial wrist flexor, namely each forearm characteristic curve at least comprises three characteristic curves. For human forearms, the width of the wrist is narrower, the highest part of the arm protruding bone is not flat but has higher bulge, the curvature change of the position with the biggest change of the curvature of the brachial radial muscle and the radial wrist flexor is large, the characteristics of the human forearms can be reflected most, the design influence on the forearm curved surface model is larger, the characteristics of the human forearms can be reflected most by at least intercepting the three characteristic planes of the forearm data model, the representativeness is stronger, the obtained characteristic curve can be reflected most, the designed forearm curved surface model can be better adapted to the human forearms, the fit with the forearms of patients is better, and the wearing comfort of patients is ensured.
Further, the feature plane includes at least a plane at the distal end of the thumb outer four-finger, a plane at the brachioradial and radial flexor ridges, and a plane at the elbow position. The characteristic curves at least comprise a characteristic curve of the tail end of the finger of the thumb, a characteristic curve of the rising position of the brachiocephalus and the flexor carpi radialis and a plane characteristic curve of the elbow position, namely each forearm characteristic curve at least comprises six characteristic curves. For the human forearm, the tail end of the finger of the outer four fingers of the thumb, the rising position of the brachiocephalus and the flexor carpi radialis and the elbow position are also provided with stronger representativeness, and the characteristic plane extraction is carried out on the six positions of the human forearm through synthesis, so that the designed forearm curved surface model can be well adapted to the human forearm, is better attached to the forearm of a patient, and effectively ensures the wearing comfort of the patient. When in actual design, the characteristic planes at six positions can be cut off according to the requirement, and the operation is quick and convenient; the position of the intercepting characteristic plane can be increased, so that each forearm characteristic curve correspondingly comprises a plurality of characteristic curves, and the designed forearm curved surface model can be more fit with the human forearm.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the characteristic curve may be a spline curve. The spline curve is obtained by carrying out plane interception on the characteristic plane, the spline curve has higher precision, the fitting effect on the outer contour of the human forearm is lifelike, the individuation degree is higher, the obtained forearm characteristic curve can be better fitted with the human forearm, and further the forearm curved surface model obtained by manufacturing can be better fitted with the human forearm, so that the wearing comfort of a patient can be improved. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a forearm fixing support manufactured by using a spline curve as a characteristic curve. Optionally, the characteristic curve is a closed spline curve, the corresponding sections of the obtained forearm curved surface model are all closed spline curves, and when the forearm fixing support is actually manufactured according to the forearm curved surface model, a forearm fixing sleeve structure or a forearm fixing splint structure and the like can be manufactured according to the requirement, so that the use is more flexible and convenient.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the characteristic curve may be a circular arc curve. The arc curves comprise at least four arc minute curves, wherein the at least four arc minute curves are a palm side arc minute curve, a back side arc minute curve, an ulnar side arc minute curve and a radial side arc minute curve respectively. The arc curve is obtained by carrying out plane interception at the characteristic plane, the fitting of the outer contour of the forearm of the human body is approximately represented by a plurality of sections of arcs, the adaptability is wider, and the universality is stronger. Optionally, the arc curve includes eight arc partial curves. Furthermore, the obtained arc curve can better reflect the outer contour characteristics of the forearm of the human body, the workload during operation is more appropriate, and the operation is quick and convenient. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a forearm fixing brace manufactured by using an arc curve as a characteristic curve. Optionally, the characteristic curve is a closed arc curve, and at least four arc partial curves are connected to form the closed arc curve. Furthermore, the corresponding sections of the obtained forearm curved surface model are all closed circular arc curves, and when the forearm fixing support is actually manufactured according to the forearm curved surface model, a forearm fixing sleeve structure, a forearm fixing splint structure and the like can be manufactured according to the needs, so that the use is more flexible and convenient.
In this embodiment, the preset position is one of a wrist position, a highest arm protruding bone position, a position with the greatest change of curvature of the brachiocephalic muscle and the radial flexor muscle, a finger tip position of the thumb outer four fingers, a position with the ridge of the brachiocephalic muscle and the radial flexor muscle, or two positions of the ridge of the brachiocephalic muscle and the radial flexor muscle. By adopting the arrangement, the above six positions can reflect the characteristics of the forearm of the human body, and the alignment is reliable and the operation is convenient and quick. Optionally, the preset positions are a position with the maximum change of curvature of the brachiocarpus and the flexor of the radial wrist and a position of the wrist, wherein the position with the maximum change of curvature of the brachiocarpus and the flexor of the radial wrist is a main alignment position, and the position of the wrist is a secondary alignment position. For the human forearm, the influence of the biggest change of curvature of the brachial radial muscle and the radial wrist flexor on wearing comfort is the biggest, and secondly, the wrist is the forearm curved surface model which is designed and obtained by adopting the alignment mode can be better adapted to the forearms of most people, and the application range is wide.
In this embodiment, in step S1, a depth camera or a hand-held laser scanner is used to collect data from the forearm elbows to the distal ends of the four fingers of the thumb of the multiple human bodies. The depth camera or the handheld laser scanner is adopted for data acquisition, so that the acquisition effect is good. In addition, the depth camera does not adopt an infrared mode for scanning, strong light and burning sensation are not generated during scanning, and the experience of collecting individuals during data collection is better; the hand-held laser scanner adopts an infrared mode to scan, has higher scanning precision and is convenient to operate. Specifically, for steps S2, S3, S4, a special feature extraction software may be used for the design.
In this embodiment, when data is collected for a plurality of human bodies, the plurality of human bodies may be classified according to characteristics such as height or weight. For example, 100 human bodies in the range of 1.7 m-1.8 m can be collected, or 100 human bodies with the weight difference within 50 jin can be collected, and the manufactured forearm curved surface model can be particularly suitable for people of the type, can be well attached to the forearms of the type of patients, and can be suitable for the forearms of most people in the type of people. The forearm curved surface model manufactured by the method can be well attached to the forearm of a patient, has high attaching performance, can be suitable for the forearms of most different types of human bodies, and is strong in universality, wide in application range, convenient to wear and good in fixing effect.
As shown in fig. 4 and 7, a forearm fixing brace is manufactured by using the forearm curved surface model of the member of the method for constructing the forearm curved surface model. The forearm fixing support is manufactured by adopting the forearm curved surface model, can be well attached to the human forearm, is good in attaching performance, can be suitable for the forearms of most different human bodies, and is high in universality. In addition, when the forearm fixing support is worn, one end of the forearm fixing support can correspond to the elbow position of the forearm of a patient, the other end of the forearm fixing support can correspond to the tail end position of the outer four fingers of the thumb of the patient, the wearing is convenient, and the fixing effect is good. Alternatively, the forearm fixing brace may be a forearm fixing sleeve structure or a forearm fixing splint structure, etc. Optionally, the forearm fixing support is manufactured by 3D printing, so that the manufacturing is convenient.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The construction method of the forearm curved surface model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring data from the forearm elbows of a plurality of human bodies to the tail ends of the four fingers outside the thumb to acquire a plurality of corresponding forearm data models;
s2: for each forearm data model, intercepting a characteristic plane of the forearm data model to obtain a forearm characteristic curve, and obtaining a plurality of corresponding forearm characteristic curves;
s3: aligning a plurality of forearm characteristic curves at preset positions, and obtaining an average value of the forearm characteristic curves to obtain an average forearm characteristic curve, wherein the preset positions are two positions of a wrist position, a highest arm raised bone position, a position with the largest change of curvature of a brachial radial muscle and a radial wrist flexor, a position of the tail end of a finger of four fingers outside a thumb, a position of a brachial radial muscle and a radial flexor or a position of a brachial radial muscle and a radial wrist flexor;
s4: and constructing a standard forearm curved surface model according to the average forearm characteristic curve.
2. The method for constructing a curved forearm model according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic planes include at least a plane at the wrist, a plane at the highest of the convex bones of the arm, and a plane at the maximum change of curvature of the wrist flexor between the brachiocephalus and the radius, and the characteristic curves correspond to at least a characteristic curve at the wrist, a characteristic curve at the highest of the convex bones of the arm, and a characteristic curve at the maximum change of curvature of the wrist flexor between the brachiocephalus and the radius.
3. The method for constructing a curved forearm model according to claim 2, wherein the characteristic plane includes at least a plane at the distal end of the finger of the four fingers of the thumb, a plane at the protrusion of the flexor of the brachiocephalus and the flexor of the radius and a plane at the position of the elbow, and the characteristic curve corresponds to at least a characteristic curve at the distal end of the finger of the four fingers of the thumb, a characteristic curve at the protrusion of the flexor of the brachiocephalus and the flexor of the radius and a plane characteristic curve at the position of the elbow.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the characteristic curve is a spline curve.
5. The method for constructing a curved forearm model according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic curve is a circular arc curve, the circular arc curve includes at least four circular arc partial curves, and the at least four circular arc partial curves are a circular arc partial curve at the palm side, a circular arc partial curve at the back side, a circular arc partial curve at the ulnar side, and a circular arc partial curve at the radius side, respectively.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the arc curves comprise eight arc partial curves.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the characteristic curve is a closed arc curve, and the closed arc curve is formed by connecting the arc partial curves.
8. The method for constructing a curved forearm model according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined positions are a position of maximum change in curvature of the brachiocarpus and flexor carpi radialis and a position of wrist, and the position of maximum change in curvature of the brachiocarpus and flexor carpi radialis is a primary alignment position and the position of wrist is a secondary alignment position.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein in step S1, data acquisition is performed from the forearm elbows to the distal ends of the four-finger-outside-thumb fingers of the plurality of human bodies using a depth camera or a hand-held laser scanner.
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US7458947B2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2008-12-02 Saebo, Inc. Dynamic splint assemblies
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US9582035B2 (en) * 2014-02-25 2017-02-28 Medibotics Llc Wearable computing devices and methods for the wrist and/or forearm
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US10621384B2 (en) * 2015-12-09 2020-04-14 Dassault Systemes Americas Corp. Method and system of constraint-based optimization of digital human upper limb models
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