CN109520895B - Device and method for testing pesticide application effect of plant roots - Google Patents

Device and method for testing pesticide application effect of plant roots Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109520895B
CN109520895B CN201910022120.4A CN201910022120A CN109520895B CN 109520895 B CN109520895 B CN 109520895B CN 201910022120 A CN201910022120 A CN 201910022120A CN 109520895 B CN109520895 B CN 109520895B
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root
soil
pesticide application
root pesticide
testing
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CN109520895A (en
Inventor
董成汶
程磊
钱慧
林曦
贾志成
王彬
张爱琪
沈邦禹
孔啸宇
黄旭
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Nanjing Forestry University
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Nanjing Forestry University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N13/04Investigating osmotic effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/0806Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the pesticide application effect of plant roots, wherein the device comprises a three-dimensional movement bench, a test soil groove, a root pesticide application module, a sensor bracket, a humidity sensor and simulated soil; the three-dimensional movement rack comprises an X-axis movement assembly, a Y-axis movement assembly, a Z-axis movement assembly, a movable support frame, a soil tank supporting table and a rack lifting assembly, wherein the movable support frame is composed of support rods, and the soil tank supporting table is composed of a bottom plate with threaded holes and wheels; the test soil tank is filled with simulated soil; the root pesticide applying module comprises a root pesticide applying roller and a root pesticide applying roller connector, and a soil injector is arranged on the root pesticide applying roller. The device for testing the pesticide application effect of the plant roots can effectively simulate and detect the pesticide application effect of different root pesticide application devices on the plant roots, eliminate the influence of other external interference and ensure the accuracy of test measurement results.

Description

Device and method for testing pesticide application effect of plant roots
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant root pesticide application, in particular to a device and a method for testing a plant root pesticide application effect.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of economy, ecological importance has become increasingly prominent. China is one of the most serious countries with harmful substances in forestry. According to the statistical data of the national forestry bureau, 4000 tens of thousands of trees are killed by forest diseases and insect pests in China every year, and the annual losses are over 1100 hundred million yuan. In recent years, forest pests in China continue to grow, the annual occurrence area of forest biological disasters is more than 1000 ten thousand hm & lt 2 & gt, the loss is up to 2000 hundred million, and the direct economic loss is up to 210 hundred million yuan. Wherein, root diseases and insect pests cause the root soil to separate and lose water and wilt, and can spread various diseases, and the damage to plant growth is great. The existing plant root pesticide application method comprises the following steps: a medicine applying and binding method, a perforation injection method, a root medicine burying method, a medicine bottle inserting method, a medicine bag hanging method, a spraying method and the like. The traditional root pesticide application methods have the main defects of poor method adaptability, uneconomical pesticide application operation, high pollution in the pesticide application process and the like. The system and the method for accurately applying the pesticide to the root of the tree can solve the defects of the existing root pesticide application technology, but the system and the method for accurately applying the pesticide to the root of the tree also lack a pesticide application effect detection device and a pesticide application effect detection method. The invention provides a device and a method for detecting pesticide application effect at the root of a tree.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the pesticide application effect of plant roots, which enable root pesticide application rollers to roll and apply pesticide in simulated soil through a test soil tank, a three-dimensional movement rack and related structures, and judge the pesticide application effect through a humidity sensor array uniformly arranged in the test soil tank.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
The device for testing the pesticide application effect of the plant roots comprises a three-dimensional movement rack, a test soil tank, a root pesticide application module, a sensor bracket, a humidity sensor and simulated soil; the three-dimensional movement rack comprises an X-axis movement assembly, a Y-axis movement assembly, a Z-axis movement assembly, a movable support frame, a soil tank supporting table and a rack lifting assembly, wherein the movable support frame is composed of support rods, and the soil tank supporting table is composed of a bottom plate with threaded holes and wheels; the test soil tank is filled with simulated soil; the root pesticide application module comprises a root pesticide application roller and a root pesticide application roller connector, wherein a soil injector is arranged on the root pesticide application roller, the root pesticide application roller connector is used for connecting the root pesticide application roller on the three-dimensional movement rack, and the root pesticide application module is used for injecting plant root pesticide; the humidity sensor is arranged on the sensor support, and the sensor support is fixedly inserted into simulated soil in the test soil tank through a positioning groove at the edge of the test soil tank.
The root pesticide application roller comprises a rotary liquid outlet device, a rotary supporting disc and a soil injector; the rotary supporting disc is of a disc structure taking the center as an axis, the soil injector comprises a plurality of injection needles, and the injection needles are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotary supporting disc and fixedly installed on the frame of the rotary supporting disc.
An infusion channel is arranged in a shaft at the center of the rotary liquid outlet device, an inlet of the infusion channel is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a water pump and a water tank; the shaft is provided with a sleeve outside, the shaft and the sleeve are provided with matched liquid outlets, the shaft sleeve is arranged outside the sleeve and rotates relative to the shaft, and a plurality of liquid outlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve; a liquid outlet pipe is inserted into the liquid outlet of the shaft sleeve, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected with an injection needle.
The X-axis movement assembly, the Y-axis movement assembly and the Z-axis movement assembly respectively comprise independent screw rods, motors and belt pulleys, and support rod pieces controlled by the independent screw rods, the motors and the belt pulleys are driven by the independent screw rods; the X-axis movement assembly, the Y-axis movement assembly and the support rod piece integrally move up and down under the action of the Z-axis movement assembly; the root pesticide application roller connector is provided with two connecting grooves which are vertically crossed and respectively connected to the supporting rod pieces controlled by the X-axis motion assembly and the Y-axis motion assembly.
The test soil tank is of a cuboid hollow structure, the upper end face is open, and the other end faces are closed; the test soil groove is made of hard transparent materials, and the length, width and depth directions of the test soil groove are respectively defined as lower x, y and z axes and marked with scales.
The simulated soil is a fine particulate matter material with abrupt color change after water absorption.
The sensor bracket is of a comb-tooth structure, and the humidity sensor is uniformly arranged on the comb teeth; the rack lifting assembly further comprises a lifting shaft sleeve and a lifting rod.
The motion control device is an XYZ three-axis controller, and changes the motion travel and speed of the XYZ three-axis by modifying motion parameters; the information processing device is sensor data receiving and processing equipment, and the sensor data is processed and output through the information processing equipment.
The root pesticide application device is provided with liquid outlets with different diameters and numbers on one side or two sides of the injection needle tube and is used for testing the root pesticide application effect of different liquid outlet settings.
The invention also discloses a method for measuring the plant root pesticide application effect by the testing device, which comprises the steps of filling soil particles in a test soil groove, arranging humidity sensors on comb teeth in parallel uniformly, installing root pesticide application modules on root pesticide application roller connectors, fixing the root pesticide application modules on a three-dimensional moving rack, setting pesticide application parameters of the three-dimensional moving rack, connecting the humidity sensors with a circuit, and electrifying; controlling the displacement action of the root pesticide applying roller in the soil tank through the XYZ axes of the three-dimensional moving rack and applying pesticide; and after the application is finished, the data recorded by the humidity sensor array are derived for analysis of the effect of the application.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The device for testing the pesticide application effect of the plant roots can effectively simulate and detect the pesticide application effect of different root pesticide application devices on the plant roots, eliminate the influence of other external interference and ensure the accuracy of test measurement results.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a root application fruit detection device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a root application fruit detection device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional motion gantry.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a motion portion of a three-dimensional motion stage.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional motion stage base.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a test soil tank.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a sensor rack.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a root application module.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the plant root application roller structure.
Fig. 10 is a left side view of the plant root application roller configuration.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the front end structure of the injection needle of the plant root application roller.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a plant root application roller connector.
In the figure: the device comprises a controller, a 2-root pesticide application module, a 3-test soil tank, a 4-three-dimensional movement bench, a 5-sensor bracket, a 6-water tank, a 7-water pump, an 8-transmission belt, a 9-screw rod, a 10-motor, an 11-fixed threaded hole, 12-wheels, 13-humidity sensors, 14-root pesticide application roller connectors and 15-root pesticide application rollers. 16-rotating the support disc; 17-a liquid outlet pipe; 18-shaft sleeve; 19-clamping hoop; 20-axis; 21-a sleeve; 22-hose; 23-an injection needle; 24-bolts; 25-a sealing gasket; 26-infusion channel; 27-a liquid inlet pipe; 28-the liquid outlet of the injection needle; 29-shaped tip shoulder.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1:
the device for testing the plant root pesticide application effect is used for detecting the plant root pesticide application effect, and the system comprises a three-dimensional movement bench 4, a test soil tank 3, a root pesticide application module 2, a sensor bracket 5, a humidity sensor 13 and simulated soil.
The three-dimensional movement rack 4 comprises an X-axis movement assembly, a Y-axis movement assembly, a Z-axis movement assembly, a movable supporting frame, a soil tank supporting table and a rack lifting assembly; the X-axis movement assembly comprises a screw rod 9, a motor 10, a belt pulley and the like; the Y-axis motion assembly comprises a screw rod 9, a motor 10, a belt pulley and the like; the Z-axis motion assembly comprises a screw rod 9, a motor 10, a belt pulley and the like; the movable supporting frame consists of supporting rod pieces.
The X-axis movement assembly, the Y-axis movement assembly and the Z-axis movement assembly respectively comprise independent screw rods 9, motors 10 and belt pulleys, and support rod pieces controlled by the independent screw rods are respectively driven by the independent screw rods; the X-axis movement assembly, the Y-axis movement assembly and the support rod piece integrally move up and down under the action of the Z-axis movement assembly; the root pesticide application roller 15 is characterized in that two connecting grooves which are vertically crossed are arranged on the connector 14 and are respectively connected to the supporting rod piece controlled by the X-axis motion assembly and the Y-axis motion assembly.
The soil tank supporting table consists of a bottom plate with threaded holes and wheels 12; the gantry lifting assembly includes a lifting shaft sleeve 18 and a lifting rod. The test soil tank 3 is of a cuboid hollow structure and is surrounded by a hard transparent plate, the upper end face is open, and other end faces are closed. The length, width and depth directions are respectively defined as a lower X, Y, Z shaft and are marked with scales; the root pesticide application module 2 comprises a root pesticide application roller 15 and a root pesticide application roller 15 connector 14, so that the injection of the pesticide on the roots of plants is realized.
The root pesticide application roller 15 comprises a rotary liquid outlet device, a rotary supporting disc 16 and a soil injector; the rotary supporting disc 16 is of a disc structure with the center as an axis 20, the soil injector comprises a plurality of injection needles 23, and the rotary liquid outlet device comprises a liquid inlet pipe 27, an axis 20, a sleeve 21, a shaft sleeve 18 and a liquid outlet pipe 17; the inside of the shaft is provided with an infusion channel 26, the inlet of the infusion channel 26 is arranged at the end face of one side of the shaft, the inlet of the infusion channel 26 is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe 27, and the liquid inlet pipe 27 is connected with the water pump 7 and the water tank 6.
The outer surface of the shaft is wrapped by a sleeve 21 for sealing, a liquid outlet is also arranged on the shaft, and the liquid outlet is arranged right below the shaft 20; the sleeve 21 is also provided with a liquid outlet which is opposite to the liquid outlet of the shaft 20; the shaft sleeve 18 is arranged outside the sleeve 21 and rotates relative to the shaft, and a plurality of liquid outlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve; one end of the liquid outlet pipe 17 is inserted into the liquid outlet of the shaft sleeve 18 to be fixedly and hermetically connected, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected with the injection needle 23; the injection needles 23 are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotary support disc 16 and fixedly arranged on the frame of the rotary support disc 16.
The head of the injection needle 23 is welded with a special-shaped tip; the liquid outlet of the injection needle 23 is designed on the inner side of the upper part of the convex larger edge of the special-shaped tip shoulder 29, so that the liquid outlet is prevented from being blocked by soil when the injection needle 23 is inserted into the soil.
The root pesticide applying roller 15 can roll and advance under the drive of an external traction machine, the injection needle 23 is continuously inserted into the soil in the advancing process, when the liquid outlet of the shaft sleeve 18 is aligned with the liquid outlet of the shaft, the rotating liquid outlet part is communicated with the pipeline inside the shaft transfusion part, the injection needle 23 inserted into the soil immediately injects the liquid medicine and the steam, and the injection needle 23 not inserted into the soil stops injecting the liquid medicine and the steam due to the deviation of the liquid outlet of the shaft sleeve 18 and the liquid outlet of the shaft.
The root pesticide applying roller 15 connector 14 is of a three-way cuboid structure, and the root pesticide applying roller 15 connector 14 is relatively fixed on a X, Y shaft through two holes and moves along with a X, Y shaft to adjust the position. The other hole is threaded and connected with a spring rod of the root pesticide applying roller 15, and the height of the root pesticide applying roller 15 is adjusted through threads.
The simulated soil is fine particles with abrupt color change after water absorption, and is filled in the test soil tank 3; the sensor support 5 is of a comb-tooth structure, the humidity sensors 13 are uniformly arranged on the comb teeth, and the sensor support 5 provided with the humidity sensor 13 array is fixedly inserted into the test soil tank 3 filled with the simulated soil through a positioning groove at the edge of the soil tank; the humidity sensor 13 array is used for analyzing the penetration state of the root pesticide application roller 15 at the root of the plant so as to judge the pesticide application effect; the simulated soil is fine particles with abrupt color change after water absorption, and is filled in the test soil tank 3.
The system also comprises a motion control device and an information processing device, wherein the motion control device is an XYZ three-axis controller 1, and the XYZ three-axis motion travel and speed are changed by modifying motion parameters. The information processing device is sensor data receiving and processing device, and can process and output the sensor data. The test soil tank 3 is characterized in that the upper end face of the test soil tank 3 is open, the other end faces are closed, and the test soil tank is of a hollow transparent box body structure, so that an operator can directly observe the root pesticide application process and pesticide application effect by naked eyes; the three-dimensional moving rack 4 can be used for carrying a plurality of different application devices, and each application device can be simultaneously used for carrying a plurality of application devices.
The root pesticide application device can be used for testing the root pesticide application effect of different liquid outlet arrangements by opening liquid outlets with different diameters and numbers on one side or two sides of the injection needle 23 tube.
Example 2:
The method for testing the pesticide application effect of the plant roots comprises the steps of setting the device in a laboratory for simulation experiments, wherein the device is provided with a soil groove supporting table, and parallel grooves for installing a sensor bracket 5 are formed in the soil groove supporting table. The three-dimensional moving platform moves with the pesticide application roller, and the pesticide liquid is injected into the simulated soil to complete the simulation experiment.
Soil particles are filled in the test soil tank 3, humidity sensors 13 on comb teeth are uniformly distributed in parallel, a root pesticide application module 2 is arranged on a root pesticide application roller 15 connector 14 and fixed on the three-dimensional movement rack 4, pesticide application parameters of the three-dimensional movement rack 4 are set, and the humidity sensors 13 are connected with a circuit and electrified; the displacement action of the root pesticide application roller 15 in the soil tank is controlled by the XYZ axes of the three-dimensional moving rack 4, and pesticide is applied; after the application, the data recorded by the humidity sensor 13 array are derived for analysis of the effect of the application.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical scope of the present invention, will fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a testing arrangement of effect of dosing of plant root which characterized in that: the device comprises a three-dimensional motion rack, a test soil groove, a root pesticide application module, a sensor bracket, a humidity sensor and simulated soil; the three-dimensional movement rack comprises an X-axis movement assembly, a Y-axis movement assembly, a Z-axis movement assembly, a movable support frame, a soil tank supporting table and a rack lifting assembly, wherein the movable support frame is composed of support rods, and the soil tank supporting table is composed of a bottom plate with threaded holes and wheels; the test soil tank is filled with simulated soil; the root pesticide application module comprises a root pesticide application roller and a root pesticide application roller connector, wherein a soil injector is arranged on the root pesticide application roller, the root pesticide application roller connector is used for connecting the root pesticide application roller on the three-dimensional movement rack, and the root pesticide application module is used for injecting plant root pesticide; the humidity sensor is arranged on the sensor bracket, and the sensor bracket is fixedly inserted into simulated soil in the test soil tank through a positioning groove at the edge of the test soil tank; the root pesticide application roller comprises a rotary liquid outlet device, a rotary supporting disc and a soil injector; the rotary supporting disc is of a disc structure taking the center as an axis, the soil injector comprises a plurality of injection needles, and the injection needles are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotary supporting disc and fixedly arranged on the frame of the rotary supporting disc; an infusion channel is arranged in a shaft at the center of the rotary liquid outlet device, an inlet of the infusion channel is communicated with a liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected with a water pump and a water tank; the shaft is provided with a sleeve outside, the shaft and the sleeve are provided with matched liquid outlets, the shaft sleeve is arranged outside the sleeve and rotates relative to the shaft, and a plurality of liquid outlets are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve; a liquid outlet pipe is inserted into the liquid outlet of the shaft sleeve, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected with an injection needle;
The sensor bracket is of a comb-tooth structure, and the humidity sensor is uniformly arranged on the comb teeth; the rack lifting assembly further comprises a lifting shaft sleeve and a lifting rod.
2. The device for testing the application effect of roots of plants according to claim 1, wherein: the X-axis movement assembly, the Y-axis movement assembly and the Z-axis movement assembly respectively comprise independent screw rods, motors and belt pulleys, and support rod pieces controlled by the independent screw rods, the motors and the belt pulleys are driven by the independent screw rods; the X-axis movement assembly, the Y-axis movement assembly and the support rod piece integrally move up and down under the action of the Z-axis movement assembly; the root pesticide application roller connector is provided with two connecting grooves which are vertically crossed and respectively connected to the supporting rod pieces controlled by the X-axis motion assembly and the Y-axis motion assembly.
3. The device for testing the application effect of roots of plants according to claim 1, wherein: the test soil tank is of a cuboid hollow structure, the upper end face is open, and the other end faces are closed; the test soil groove is made of hard transparent materials, and the length, width and depth directions of the test soil groove are respectively defined as lower x, y and z axes and marked with scales.
4. The device for testing the application effect of roots of plants according to claim 1, wherein: the simulated soil is a fine particulate matter material with abrupt color change after water absorption.
5. The device for testing the application effect of roots of plants according to claim 1, wherein: the motion control device is an XYZ three-axis controller, and changes the motion travel and speed of the XYZ three-axis by modifying motion parameters; the information processing device is sensor data receiving and processing equipment, and the sensor data is processed and output through the information processing equipment.
6. The device for testing the application effect of roots of plants according to claim 1, wherein: the root pesticide application module is provided with liquid outlets with different diameters and numbers on one side or two sides of the injection needle tube and is used for testing the root pesticide application effect of different liquid outlet settings.
7. A method for determining the effect of application to roots of plants using the test device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: filling soil particles in a test soil groove, uniformly distributing humidity sensors on comb teeth in parallel, installing root pesticide application modules on root pesticide application roller connectors, fixing the root pesticide application modules on a three-dimensional movement bench, setting pesticide application parameters of the three-dimensional movement bench, and connecting the humidity sensors with a circuit and electrifying; controlling the displacement action of the root pesticide applying roller in the soil tank through the XYZ axes of the three-dimensional moving rack and applying pesticide; and after the application is finished, the data recorded by the humidity sensor array are derived for analysis of the effect of the application.
CN201910022120.4A 2019-01-10 2019-01-10 Device and method for testing pesticide application effect of plant roots Active CN109520895B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH701212A2 (en) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-15 Plantcare Ag Method for local watering of bottom area, and for scarifying bottom area, involves applying water jet with high pressure over injection nozzle directly in bottom, where injection nozzle is inserted in bottom in partial manner
CN102539642A (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-07-04 中国水利水电科学研究院 Simulation testing system of water circulation process under human activity disturbance conditions
CN103604661A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-02-26 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 Apparatus used for soil sampling and moisture measuring in drip irrigation tests
CN103798104A (en) * 2014-02-24 2014-05-21 张家口格瑞科技发展有限公司 Plant root irrigation system
KR20170102687A (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-09-12 (주)토브기술 Root crop pest control device
CN108040663A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-05-18 南京林业大学 A kind of accurate dispenser system and method for trees ' root
CN108716993A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-30 西华大学 A kind of potato production equipment is comprehensive performance test bed
CN209400377U (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-09-17 南京林业大学 A kind of test device of plant root pesticide supplying effect

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH701212A2 (en) * 2009-06-03 2010-12-15 Plantcare Ag Method for local watering of bottom area, and for scarifying bottom area, involves applying water jet with high pressure over injection nozzle directly in bottom, where injection nozzle is inserted in bottom in partial manner
CN102539642A (en) * 2011-12-26 2012-07-04 中国水利水电科学研究院 Simulation testing system of water circulation process under human activity disturbance conditions
CN103604661A (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-02-26 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 Apparatus used for soil sampling and moisture measuring in drip irrigation tests
CN103798104A (en) * 2014-02-24 2014-05-21 张家口格瑞科技发展有限公司 Plant root irrigation system
KR20170102687A (en) * 2016-03-02 2017-09-12 (주)토브기술 Root crop pest control device
CN108040663A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-05-18 南京林业大学 A kind of accurate dispenser system and method for trees ' root
CN108716993A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-10-30 西华大学 A kind of potato production equipment is comprehensive performance test bed
CN209400377U (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-09-17 南京林业大学 A kind of test device of plant root pesticide supplying effect

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