CN109520368B - Thermal switch - Google Patents
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- CN109520368B CN109520368B CN201811594699.3A CN201811594699A CN109520368B CN 109520368 B CN109520368 B CN 109520368B CN 201811594699 A CN201811594699 A CN 201811594699A CN 109520368 B CN109520368 B CN 109520368B
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- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature, and discloses a thermal switch, which comprises: the heat source device comprises a moving part, a fixed part, a telescopic part and a regulating part, wherein the moving part is arranged towards the heat source, a cold source is arranged on the fixed part, the telescopic part is arranged between the moving part and the fixed part, two ends of the telescopic part are respectively connected with the moving part and the fixed part, the telescopic part and the moving part form a closed first cavity together, working medium is filled in the first cavity, the regulating part is communicated with the first cavity through a pipeline, the working medium is filled in the regulating part, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity is regulated by changing the heated temperature or pressure of the working medium in the regulating part, the telescopic part is promoted to stretch out and retract, and the moving part and the fixed part are driven to perform relative movement, so that the moving part and the heat source are connected and disconnected. The thermal switch has the advantage of a large switching ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low temperature, in particular to a thermal switch.
Background
Currently, thermal switches refer to devices that are capable of controlling the thermal contact or separation between two objects. In the field of refrigeration and cryogenic technology, many applications require that two components be capable of being thermally connected and thermally separated, respectively, under different operating conditions. For example, with the development of the spatial infrared detection technology, a longer service life and reliability are required for the mechanical refrigeration technology, and because of the irreparability of the spatial refrigerator, the spatial refrigerator needs to be backed up in the same system, and in order to reduce or eliminate the parasitic heat leakage of the backup refrigerator in a non-working state, the spatial refrigerator needs to be connected with a cooled device through a thermal switch, and the unidirectional transmission of the cold energy from the refrigerator to the cooled device is realized by utilizing the thermal switch. When the superconducting magnet is cooled at low temperature, a low-temperature refrigerator with a two-stage structure is generally adopted, the superconducting magnet is connected with the second-stage cold head, and the second-stage cold head is small in cooling capacity and low in efficiency, so that the magnet can be cooled from room temperature to the lowest temperature only by a long time, the first-stage cold head of the refrigerator is provided with larger cooling capacity, the first-stage cold head and the magnet can be connected through the thermal switch, when the temperature of the magnet is higher than that of the first-stage cold head, the magnet is precooled through the first-stage cold head, when the temperature of the magnet is lowered to the temperature below the first-stage cold head, the thermal switch is in an off state, and the magnet is continuously cooled through the second-stage cold head, so that the cooling time of the magnet can be greatly shortened.
The common thermal switches mainly comprise mechanical type, gas gap type, shape memory alloy type, micro expansion type, heat pipe type and other types of thermal switches. The mechanical thermal switch has lower reliability and requires external driving force; the gas gap type thermal switch realizes on-off by inflating and exhausting between the two heat conducting sheets, the temperature of the adsorption pump needs to be controlled by utilizing a heating and cooling device, the system is complex, the conduction thermal resistance for realizing communication by utilizing gas heat conduction is larger, and the response time of the thermal switch is greatly influenced by the exhausting speed; the shape memory alloy type thermal switch utilizes temperature change to cause shape change of the memory alloy, drives the cold and hot components to be connected or disconnected, has strict and symmetrical structural requirements, and has high requirements on processing precision; the micro-expansion type thermal switch utilizes different thermal expansion coefficients of different materials, realizes connection or disconnection after temperature change, has high processing precision requirement, is easy to generate cold welding during long-term closing operation, has poor reliability, and needs to have enough length to enable the different materials to directly form larger contraction and expansion differences, and cannot be made into a short structure; the heat pipe type heat switch utilizes the gas-liquid phase of the working medium to conduct forward efficient heat transfer and reverse disconnection, the response time is long generally, the connection and disconnection temperatures are limited by the three-phase temperature of the gas working medium and can only be suitable for partial working temperature ranges, the advantage is obvious when the length of the heat pipe type heat switch is large, and the disconnection thermal resistance is small when the length is short.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a thermal switch to at least solve one of the technical problems of small switching ratio, low reliability, high processing precision requirement and inconvenience in flexible control of the thermal switch in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a thermal switch, including: the heat source is arranged on the fixed part, the cold source is arranged on the fixed part, the telescopic part is arranged between the movable part and the fixed part, two ends of the telescopic part are respectively connected with the movable part and the fixed part, the telescopic part and the movable part and the fixed part form a first closed cavity together, working medium is filled in the first cavity, the regulating part is communicated with the first cavity through a pipeline, working medium is filled in the regulating part, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity is regulated by changing the heated temperature or pressure of the working medium in the regulating part, the telescopic part is driven to stretch out and retract, and the movable part and the fixed part are driven to move relatively by stretching out and retracting of the telescopic part, so that the movable part and the heat source are connected and disconnected.
The control element comprises a housing, in the interior of which a receiving space is formed for the working medium.
The shell is made of a heat conducting material and is arranged on the temperature control part or in the temperature control space.
The temperature control device comprises a control piece, wherein a heater is arranged on the control piece, and the heater can actively control the temperature of the control piece.
The thermal switch further comprises a flexible heat conducting piece arranged in the first cavity, a first end of the flexible heat conducting piece is connected with the moving piece, and a second end of the flexible heat conducting piece is connected with the fixing piece.
The thermal switch further comprises an extension piece, wherein the extension piece comprises a first extension piece and/or a second extension piece, the first extension piece is connected with the moving piece, and the second extension piece is connected with the fixing piece.
The first extending piece and the second extending piece are in plug-in fit, a convex part extending towards the direction of the fixed piece is formed on the lower surface of the moving piece, an annular cavity with an opening towards the moving piece is formed on the upper surface of the fixed piece, and the convex part is inserted into the annular cavity and can extend and retract relative to the longitudinal direction of the annular cavity.
Wherein a closed second cavity is constructed between the first extension piece and the second extension piece, a communication hole is constructed on the side wall of the second cavity, and the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity through the communication hole.
The thermal switch further comprises a flexible heat conducting piece arranged in the second cavity, a first end of the flexible heat conducting piece is connected with the lower surface of the bottom wall of the second cavity, and a second end of the flexible heat conducting piece is connected with the upper surface of the protruding portion.
The thermal switch further comprises a second fixing piece and a supporting piece, wherein the second fixing piece is arranged in the direction that the moving piece stretches out along with the telescopic piece, the moving piece can be contacted with the second fixing piece after stretching out, the supporting piece is arranged between the fixing piece and the second fixing piece and is positioned on the outer side of the telescopic piece, a heat source is arranged on the second fixing piece, and the connection and disconnection of the moving piece and the heat source are realized through the contact and separation between the moving piece and the second fixing piece.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the thermal switch provided by the invention has the following advantages:
The control part is communicated with the first cavity through the pipeline, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity can be regulated by regulating the temperature and the pressure in the control part, the expansion and contraction change of the expansion and contraction part can be effectively controlled by changing the pressure in the first cavity, the relative movement between the movable part and the fixed part can be realized by changing the expansion and contraction change of the expansion and contraction part, and then the connection or disconnection of the thermal switch is controlled, the movable part is driven to move and generate larger displacement, so that the thermal switch obtains a large switching ratio. When the extension piece and/or the flexible heat conduction piece are used for connecting the movable piece and the fixed piece, the length of the thermal switch can be prolonged or shortened according to the actual application requirement, flexible design can be conveniently carried out according to the distance between the cold source and the heat source, the contact area between the movable piece and the fixed piece can be increased, and the heat transfer resistance between the movable piece and the fixed piece is reduced. In addition, the extending piece can also play a role in positioning, so that the moving piece is prevented from being deviated or inclined in the moving process, the moving piece can be better contacted with the contact piece, and the thermal switch can achieve a larger switching ratio.
In addition, the thermal switch of the application has the advantages of simple structure, lower processing technology requirement and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a thermal switch according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a thermal switch according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a usage state structure of a thermal switch according to a second embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure and use state of a thermal switch according to a third embodiment of the present application.
In the figure, 1: a thermal switch; 11: a moving member; 111: a first extension; 12: a fixing member; 121: a second extension; 13: a telescoping member; 14: a first cavity; 141: a second cavity; 142: a communication hole; 15: a flexible heat conducting member; 16: a support; 17: a second fixing member; 18: a control adjusting part; 181: a pipeline; 19: a cryogenic system; 2: a heat source; 3: and a cold source.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, all the modes of expressing up, down, left and right are described with respect to the setting orientation presented by the current schematic diagram.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the thermal switch 1 is schematically shown to include a moving member 11, a fixed member 12, a telescopic member 13, and a regulating member 18.
The moving part 11 is arranged towards the heat source 2, the cold source 3 is arranged on the fixed part 12, the telescopic part 13 is arranged between the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12, two ends of the telescopic part 13 are respectively connected with the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12, the telescopic part 13, the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12 form a closed first cavity 14 together, working medium is filled in the first cavity 14, the regulating part 18 is communicated with the first cavity 14 through a pipeline 181, working medium is filled in the regulating part 18, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity 18 is regulated by changing the heated temperature or pressure of the working medium in the regulating part 18, the telescopic part 13 is driven to extend and retract, and the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12 are driven to move relatively by the extending and retracting of the telescopic part 13, so that the moving part 11 and the heat source 2 are connected and disconnected.
Specifically, since the control element 18 is communicated with the first cavity 14 through the pipeline 181, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity 14 can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the control element 18, the expansion and contraction change of the expansion element 13 can be effectively controlled by changing the pressure in the first cavity 14, the relative movement between the moving element 11 and the fixed element 12 can be realized by changing the expansion and contraction change of the expansion element 13, and then the on-off of the thermal switch 1 is controlled, the moving element 11 is driven to move and generate a larger displacement, so that the thermal switch 1 obtains a larger switching ratio. When the extension piece and/or the flexible heat conducting piece 15 are used for connecting the moving piece 11 and the fixed piece 12, the length of the thermal switch 1 can be prolonged or shortened according to the actual application requirement, the flexible design can be conveniently carried out according to the distance between the cold source 3 and the heat source 2, the contact area between the moving piece 11 and the fixed piece 12 can be increased, and the heat transfer resistance between the moving piece 11 and the fixed piece 12 is reduced. In addition, the extending piece can also play a role in positioning, so that the moving piece 11 is prevented from being deviated or inclined in the moving process, the moving piece 11 can be better contacted with the contact piece, and the thermal switch 1 can achieve a larger switching ratio.
In addition, the thermal switch 1 of the application has the advantages of simple structure, lower processing technology requirements and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the control element 18 comprises a housing, in the interior of which a receiving space is formed for the working medium. The working medium in the housing is the same as the working medium in the first cavity 14, that is, both may be in a gaseous state or a gas-liquid two-phase state.
It should be further noted that the heating manner of the regulating member 18 may be: the heating component is additionally arranged outside or inside the regulating component 18, the regulating component 18 is arranged on the heat source 2, or the regulating component 18 is connected with the heated component, or the regulating component 18 can be arranged in the temperature control space, and the control of the thermal switch 1 is realized by sensing the temperature of the external environment space.
It will be appreciated that the particular heating means is not limited as long as heating of the control 18 is achieved.
In another preferred embodiment, the housing is made of a heat conducting material, and the housing is disposed on the heat source 2. By providing the housing on the heat source 2 in this way, it is possible to heat the housing by the heat source 2, indirectly, to regulate the temperature of the working medium inside the housing, and further, to regulate the working medium inside the first chamber 14.
The moving part 11 and the fixed part 12 can be in direct contact connection, or the connection can be realized by adding an extension part between the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12, and the connection can also be realized by adding a flexible heat conducting part 15, so that the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12 can relatively move, and heat can be smoothly transferred between the moving part 11 and the fixed part 12.
The flexible heat conductive member 15 and an extension member described below may be provided together in the thermal switch 1 or may be provided separately.
In this embodiment, a flexible heat conducting member 15 is disposed between the moving member 11 and the fixed member 12, a first end of the flexible heat conducting member 15 is connected to the moving member 11, a second end of the flexible heat conducting member 15 is connected to the fixed member 12, the flexible heat conducting member 15 is disposed in the first cavity 14, and the flexible heat conducting member 15 can perform telescopic movement along the telescopic direction of the telescopic member 13, so that the moving member 11 and the fixed member 12 can always maintain a heat conducting state when relative movement occurs, and heat transfer resistance can be reduced.
In addition, the length of the thermal switch 1 can be prolonged or shortened in this way, so that the cold source 3 and the heat source 2 can be flexibly designed and arranged according to the distance between the two.
In this embodiment, the control member 18 is composed of a housing and a cavity structure therein, and the housing is preferably made of a material having a high thermal conductivity so as to be able to sense temperature changes more sensitively.
The pipeline 181 is made of a material and a structure with larger heat transfer resistance, and preferably, the pipeline 181 is made of a pipeline with lower heat conduction coefficient, so that the regulating and controlling element 18 and the first cavity 14 have larger heat transfer resistance, and the pipeline 181 can be a very long and tiny pipeline, so that the heat transfer resistance between the regulating and controlling element 18 and the first cavity 14 can be increased, and flexible arrangement of the regulating and controlling element 18 can be facilitated.
The thermal switch 1 is controlled to be turned on or off by the control piece 18, so that the control piece 18 can be contacted with the temperature control part, and the temperature of the temperature control part is sensed by the control piece 18, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the pressure change in the control piece 18 and the first cavity 14 and controlling the thermal switch 1 to be turned on or off.
In addition, a heater can be arranged on the regulating member 18, and heat is applied to the regulating member 18 through the heater, so that the purpose of regulating the pressure change in the regulating member 18 and the first cavity 14 is achieved, and the on or off of the thermal switch 1 is controlled.
In this embodiment, the thermal switch 1 is further provided with a second fixing member 17, the second fixing member 17 is disposed in a direction in which the moving member 11 extends along with the telescopic member 13, the moving member 11 can contact with the second fixing member 17 after extending, the second fixing member 17 is connected with the fixing member 12 through the supporting member 16, and the thermal switch 1 is turned on and off by contact and separation between the moving member 11 and the second fixing member 17.
The supporting piece 16 is made of a material with low heat conductivity, the supporting piece 16 can be in a strip shape, a rod shape, a sheet shape or a thin cylinder shape or other structural forms with good heat insulation effect and high strength, and the supporting piece 16 can play roles of fixing, supporting and heat insulation, so that the thermal switch 1 has a large on-off ratio.
The provision of the second fixing member 17 and the supporting member 16 has the advantage that: the contact and separation actions of the thermal switch 1 are generated inside the thermal switch 1, the moving part 11 does not frequently contact and separate with the heat source 2 or the cold source 3, and the heat source 2 or the cold source 3 is prevented from frequently receiving acting force.
The expansion member 13 may be a bellows, or may be other structures or materials having an expansion function. The moving member 11 and the fixed member 12 are made of a material with good heat conductivity, for example, a metal material with high heat conductivity such as red copper and aluminum can be selected.
The working medium may be gas or gas-liquid two-phase state in the working temperature region of the thermal switch 1, the gas type may be selected according to the specific working temperature region requirement, for example, helium, neon, nitrogen or oxygen may be selected when working in the 80K temperature region.
Helium, neon, etc. can be selected for operation in the 30K temperature region.
When the device works in a room temperature region, freon, ammonia gas and the like can be selected, and the gas filled in the device can be single gas or mixed gas of a plurality of gases. The pressure of the air can be designed according to the elasticity of the telescopic piece 13 and the requirement of the telescopic piece 13, so that the thermal switch 1 has proper expansion or contraction in the working process.
When the working temperature of the thermal switch 1 is not higher than the temperature control temperature of the regulating member 18, the working temperature region of the thermal switch 1 is preferably selected to be in a gas or gas-liquid two-phase state. When the temperature control area of the control element 18 is a gaseous working medium, as a preferable scheme, a structural scheme is preferably selected that the internal volume of the control element 18 is greater than or equal to the volume of the first cavity 14, and when the control element 18 has a larger volume than the first cavity 14, the expansion element 13 can have a larger expansion amount by adjusting the temperature of the control element 18.
When the working temperature of the thermal switch 1 is not lower than the temperature control temperature of the regulating member 18, a gas or gas-liquid two-phase state in the working temperature region of the thermal switch 1 and a gas or liquid two-phase state or liquid working medium in the temperature control region of the regulating member 18 are preferably selected. As a preferred solution, the regulating member 18 can be made into a small and compact structure, and evaporation of liquid or condensation of gas in the regulating member 18 can make the internal volume of the regulating member 18 change greatly, and further, can make the telescopic member 13 realize a larger telescopic amount.
The volume of the first cavity 14 is expanded or contracted by utilizing the change of the gas temperature or the gas-liquid phase change in the control part 18, the expansion and contraction change of the expansion and contraction part 13 is realized, the movable part 11 and the fixed part 12 are driven to relatively move, and the displacement of the movable part 11 is large. When the thermal switch 1 is conducted, heat transfer is conducted by means of the heat conduction effect of solid surface contact, the heat transfer stability is high, and the conduction heat transfer resistance is small. When the thermal switch 1 is opened, the contact surfaces are thoroughly separated, and the opening thermal resistance is very large, so that the thermal switch 1 can obtain a very large switching ratio.
In order to reduce the contact thermal resistance between the moving member 11 or the fixed member 12 and other parts, an indium film or an indium sheet may be provided at the position of the contact surface. In order to reduce the amount of radiation heat exchange between the moving member 11 and the other contact member, a plating treatment may be performed on the contact surface.
As shown in fig. 2, this embodiment is substantially similar in structure and operation to the first embodiment shown in fig. 1, except that in this embodiment, a first extension member 111 is provided on the movable member 11, and a second extension member 121 is provided on the fixed member 12, at least one surface contact is provided between the first extension member 111 and the second extension member 121, and contact is maintained between the first extension member 111 and the second extension member 121 and sliding along the contact surface upon relative movement between the movable member 11 and the fixed member 12.
By providing an extension, the length of the thermal switch 1 can be extended, so that the heat source 2 and the cold source 3 can still be arranged for heat transfer when being separated by a long distance.
By increasing the contact area between the moving member 11 and the fixed member 12, the heat transfer resistance between the moving member 11 and the fixed member 12 can be reduced.
In addition, the extension piece can also play a role in positioning, so that the moving piece 11 is prevented from being deviated or inclined in the moving process, and the moving piece 11 can be better contacted with the contact piece.
In this embodiment, the first extension member 111 may be provided in a cylindrical shape, the second extension member 111 is provided in a cylindrical shape, the cylindrical surface of the first extension member 111 is closely matched with the inner surface of the second extension member 121 and can freely slide, and heat conduction can be achieved through the cylindrical surface of the first extension member 111 in contact with the second extension member 121.
As shown in fig. 4, a closed second cavity 141 is formed between the first extension member 111 and the second extension member 121, and a communication hole 142 may be provided at the bottom of the second extension member 121, so that the second cavity 141 is communicated with the first cavity 14, and the second cavity 141 and the first cavity 14 always have the same pressure, so that the first extension member 111 and the second extension member 121 can slide relatively smoothly.
In addition, at least one communication hole 142 and/or a communication groove (not shown) may be formed in the first extension member 111 and/or the second extension member 121 to achieve the same or better communication effect.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the usage state of the thermal switch 1 according to the second embodiment of the present application, which is only exemplified by the second embodiment, and the thermal switch 1 according to the first embodiment or the third embodiment may be alternatively used for this application mode.
The working process of this embodiment will be described below by taking the thermal switch 1 working at the position of Wen Wenou as an example, the main structure of the thermal switch 1 is disposed inside the low-temperature system 19, the inside of the low-temperature system 19 is in a vacuum state, two ends of the thermal switch 1 are respectively connected with the heat source 2 and the cold source 3, the control element 18 is disposed in a room temperature environment, and extends into the inside of the low-temperature system 19 through the pipeline 181 and is communicated with the first cavity 14 of the thermal switch 1, and the control element 18 is provided with a heater.
When the thermal switch 1 is required to be turned on, a thermal load is applied to the regulator 18 by the heater, the temperature of the working medium of the gas in the regulator 18 increases, the pressure increases, and the volume expands, a part of the gas enters the first cavity 14 through the pipeline 181, the pressure increases and the volume expands in the first cavity 14, the expansion piece 13 stretches, the moving piece 11 is in close contact with the second fixing piece 17, the thermal switch 1 is in an on state, and the heat of the heat source 2 is transferred to the cold source 3 through the thermal switch 1.
When the thermal switch 1 is required to be turned off, the heating of the regulating member 18 is stopped, the temperature of the regulating member 18 is reduced, the pressure in the regulating member 18 and the first cavity 14 is reduced, the volume is contracted, the moving member 11 is separated from the second fixing member 17, and the thermal switch 1 is turned off.
According to the working process, the thermal switch 1 provided by the invention can be controlled at room temperature to realize on or off at low temperature, so that the control is more flexible and convenient.
As shown in fig. 4, the structure and operation of the thermal switch 1 are basically similar to those of the first and second embodiments, except that the thermal switch 1 of the present embodiment includes both an extension member and a flexible heat conducting member 15, and the flexible heat conducting member 15 connects the first extension member 111 and the fixing member 12 for further enhancing the heat transfer effect.
In the present embodiment, a communication hole 142 is provided at the bottom of the second extension member 121, so that the second cavity 141 is communicated with the first cavity 14, and the second cavity 141 and the first cavity 14 always have the same pressure, so that the first extension member 111 and the second extension member 121 can slide relatively smoothly.
In this embodiment, the fixing member 12 is connected with the cold source 3, the second fixing member 17 and the regulating member 18 are connected with the heat source 2, and the expansion and contraction of the expansion member 13 is regulated by the temperature change of the heat source 2 induced by the regulating member 18, so that the on-off state of the thermal switch 1 is further controlled.
The operation of the present embodiment will be described below using the thermal switch 1 operating at a temperature of Wen Wenou as an example, and the thermal switch 1, the heat source 2, and the heat sink 3 are all disposed in a low-temperature environment. The expansion element 13 of the thermal switch 1 is in an expanded state at room temperature, and the thermal switch 1 is turned on.
After the cold source 3 starts to work, the heat of the heat source 2 is continuously transferred to the cold source 3, the temperature of the heat source 2 is continuously reduced, the pressure in the first cavity 14 is gradually reduced in the process, at this time, the thermal switch 1 is still turned on, and after the temperature of the heat source 2 is reduced below the preset temperature, the moving part 11 is separated from the second fixing part 17, and the thermal switch 1 is turned off.
When the temperature of the heat source 2 rises, the temperature of the regulating and controlling part 18 rises along with the rise of the temperature, the gas temperature and the pressure in the regulating and controlling part 18 rise, the volume of the first cavity 14 expands, the moving part 11 contacts with the second fixing part 17 again, the thermal switch 1 is conducted again, and the heat source 2 is continuously cooled. The control piece 18 can sense the temperature condition of the heat source 2, automatically control the on-off state of the thermal switch 1, and has simple, flexible and convenient control process.
In summary, since the control element 18 is communicated with the first cavity 14 through the pipeline 181, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity 14 can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature and the pressure in the control element 18, the expansion and contraction change of the expansion element 13 can be effectively controlled by changing the pressure in the first cavity 14, the relative movement between the moving element 11 and the fixed element 12 can be realized by changing the expansion and contraction change of the expansion element 13, and then the on-off of the thermal switch 1 is controlled, the moving element 11 is driven to move and generate a larger displacement, so that the thermal switch 1 obtains a larger on-off ratio. When the extension piece and/or the flexible heat conducting piece 15 are used for connecting the moving piece 11 and the fixed piece 12, the length of the thermal switch 1 can be prolonged or shortened according to the actual application requirement, the flexible design can be conveniently carried out according to the distance between the cold source 3 and the heat source 2, the contact area between the moving piece 11 and the fixed piece 12 can be increased, and the heat transfer resistance between the moving piece 11 and the fixed piece 12 is reduced. In addition, the extending piece can also play a role in positioning, so that the moving piece 11 is prevented from being deviated or inclined in the moving process, the moving piece 11 can be better contacted with the contact piece, and the thermal switch 1 can achieve a larger switching ratio.
In addition, the thermal switch 1 of the application has the advantages of simple structure, lower processing technology requirements and the like.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A thermal switch, comprising:
The heat source is arranged on the fixed part, the cold source is arranged on the fixed part, the telescopic part is arranged between the movable part and the fixed part, two ends of the telescopic part are respectively connected with the movable part and the fixed part, the telescopic part, the movable part and the fixed part form a closed first cavity together, working medium is filled in the first cavity, the regulating part is communicated with the first cavity through a pipeline, working medium is filled in the regulating part, the pressure of the working medium in the first cavity is regulated by changing the heated temperature or pressure of the working medium in the regulating part, the telescopic part is driven to extend and retract, and the movable part and the fixed part are driven to move relatively through the extending and retracting of the telescopic part, so that the connection and disconnection of the movable part and the heat source are realized. The regulating and controlling piece comprises a shell, wherein an accommodating space filled with working medium is formed in the shell;
The thermal switch further comprises an extension piece, wherein the extension piece comprises a first extension piece and a second extension piece, the first extension piece is connected with the moving piece, and the second extension piece is connected with the fixing piece; the first extending piece is in insertion fit with the second extending piece, a convex part extending towards the direction of the fixed piece is formed on the lower surface of the moving piece, an annular cavity with an opening towards the moving piece is formed on the upper surface of the fixed piece, and the convex part is inserted into the annular cavity and can extend and retract relative to the longitudinal direction of the annular cavity; a closed second cavity is constructed between the first extension piece and the second extension piece, a communication hole is constructed on the side wall of the second cavity, and the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity through the communication hole.
2. The thermal switch of claim 1, wherein the housing is made of a thermally conductive material, and the housing is disposed on the temperature control portion or in the temperature control space.
3. The thermal switch of claim 1, wherein the regulating member is provided with a heater capable of actively controlling the temperature of the regulating member.
4. The thermal switch of claim 1 further comprising a flexible thermally conductive member disposed within the first cavity, a first end of the flexible thermally conductive member being coupled to the moveable member and a second end of the flexible thermally conductive member being coupled to the stationary member.
5. The thermal switch of claim 1, further comprising a flexible thermally conductive member disposed within the second cavity, a first end of the flexible thermally conductive member being coupled to a lower surface of the bottom wall of the second cavity, and a second end of the flexible thermally conductive member being coupled to an upper surface of the protrusion.
6. A thermal switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The thermal switch further comprises a second fixing piece and a supporting piece, wherein the second fixing piece is arranged in the direction that the moving piece stretches out along with the telescopic piece, the moving piece can be contacted with the second fixing piece after stretching out, the supporting piece is arranged between the fixing piece and the second fixing piece and is positioned on the outer side of the telescopic piece, a heat source is arranged on the second fixing piece, and the connection and disconnection of the moving piece and the heat source are realized through the contact and separation between the moving piece and the second fixing piece.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811594699.3A CN109520368B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Thermal switch |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811594699.3A CN109520368B (en) | 2018-12-25 | 2018-12-25 | Thermal switch |
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| CN109520368A CN109520368A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
| CN109520368B true CN109520368B (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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| CN114396816B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-05-23 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Heat transfer device |
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| SU1083063A1 (en) * | 1982-11-24 | 1984-03-30 | Военный Инженерный Краснознаменный Институт Им.А.Ф.Можайского | Thermal switch |
| JP3497440B2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2004-02-16 | 大陽東洋酸素株式会社 | Low temperature mechanical heat switch |
| CN102288065B (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2012-11-21 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Thermal switch and measuring device using the same |
| CN103063081B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-06-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十六研究所 | Shape memory alloy driven thermal switch |
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| CN1580683A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2005-02-16 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Low temperature heat tube for thermal switch |
| CN104241020A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-24 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Lever type low-temperature thermal switch for coupling low-temperature refrigerator and cooled device |
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