CN109509234A - A method of based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization - Google Patents
A method of based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization Download PDFInfo
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- CN109509234A CN109509234A CN201811170729.8A CN201811170729A CN109509234A CN 109509234 A CN109509234 A CN 109509234A CN 201811170729 A CN201811170729 A CN 201811170729A CN 109509234 A CN109509234 A CN 109509234A
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- G06T9/008—Vector quantisation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, include the following steps: 1), the acquisition of high definition grating map；2) high definition grating map information, is extracted；3) management work space, is established；4) geographic information database, is imported；5), geography information is registrated；6), export；7), data conversion；8) vector quantization, is completed.Method based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization of the invention can handle the biggish urban architecture high definition grating map of information content with more accurate geography information proportion technique, and can obtain preferable vector quantization result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building Map Vectorization method, especially a kind of vectors based on urban architecture high definition grating map
Change method.
Background technique
As ur- banization speed is accelerated, the GIS data based on urbanization requires also more and more extensive, GIS number
Become vital a part according to as basic data required for studying.And currently a popular map software offer is equal
It is grating map, and does not have GIS data.So needing artificially to carry out vector quantization proportion to grating map.For more
The deficiency for mending China's urban architecture GIS-Geographic Information System information, the method that grating map need to be selected to carry out vector quantization, builds city
It builds geographic information database and basic information is provided.But it is the lower grid of resolution ratio that usually we, which can be obtained map nearly all,
Lattice map can be distorted when the disadvantage is that slightly magnifying architecture information, therefore be not suitable for carrying out accurately GIS-Geographic Information System and ground
Study carefully, will lead to vector quantization inaccuracy.And the characteristics of polar plot is exactly will not occur distortion volume with zooming in or out for image
Situation, and be all made of the point of volume very little.Therefore the present invention provides a kind of map arrow based on high definition TIF grating map
Quantization method can be handled with more accurate geography information proportion technique and contain the biggish urban architecture high definition grid of information content
Map, and preferable vector quantization result can be reached.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of maps based on high definition TIF grating map
Vectorization method, can be with more accurate geography information proportion technique with handling the biggish urban architecture high definition grid of information content
Figure, and preferable vector quantization result can be obtained.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method of based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) the high definition grating map of urban architecture group, the acquisition of high definition grating map: is obtained by high definition map software；
2) it, extracts high definition grating map information: the information of the high definition grating map of urban architecture group is extracted, it is described
Information includes pixel column number and line number, wave band number, pixel size, Source Type, pixel depth, georeferencing coordinate system and benchmark
Face, it is ensured that DPI is 300 or more；
3) it, establishes management work space: by GIS software, establishing management work space, guarantee subsequent
Vector quantization data are maintained in the space, and geographic information database, geographic information database structure are then constructed under the space
Building element includes point, line, surface data set；
4) geographic information database, is imported: the high definition grid of downloading is imported in GIS software ArcGIS
The geographic information database of figure and management work space and building, and generate geographical information library figure layer.Determine the geography of building
Information database information and high definition grating map information are mutually matched, including geographic coordinate system and projected coordinate system；
5), geography information is registrated: geography information registration is carried out to high definition grating map in geographical information library figure layer, to matching
Established than origin and X-axis with Y-axis, determine the scale bar of X-axis and Y-axis between 1:400~1:1000, and really
Protect scale bar and real ratio match；
6), export: carrying out vectoring operations to high definition grating map in map software ArcGIS, exports SHP lattice
Formula destination file；
7), data conversion: software is converted by Qgis data, SHP format result file is switched into comma separated value file lattice
Formula file；
8) it, completes vector quantization: completing high definition grating map vector quantization.
The advantages and benefits of the present invention are:
1, the method for the invention based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, by BIGEMAP, ArcGis,
The work of grating map vector quantization is rapidly completed in the coordinated of Qgis software, and suitable operating condition is limited, does not have high-performance
Machine vision equipment and not by advanced algorithm in the case where, complete high definition grating map vector quantization task.
2, the method for the invention based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, can by by every build into
The special GTN number of row, then matches the geographic information data being registrated and GTN data, the geography information that will be obtained
Data and building dynamic data (such as some areas typical meteorological data and cooling and heating load etc.) and static information (such as
Window-wall ratio, window thermal coefficient and wall thermal conductivity etc.) it combines, the data that by R language etc. there is ASCII character to write function
It is combined, generates the simulation of energy consumption data file for being similar to IDF file, the file after generating can be put into EnergyPlus
With simulation of energy consumption is carried out in the simulation of energy consumption software such as DeST, and then complete the simulation of energy consumption work based on urban architecture group, guarantee
The speed of calculating and the accuracy of proportion.
3, the method for the invention based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, passes through the vector of grating map
Change, the associated documents data of the geographical coordinate comma separated value file formatted data file and building simulation that can finally be converted into
(meteorologic parameter, building enclosure characteristic, internal hot, HVAC system etc.) combines, and is finally completed based on urban geographic information system
The simulation study on building energy consumption of system.In traditional energy simulation, by taking EnergyPlus as an example, if to carry out high-volume
Energy simulation, need through the editing machine IDF Editor of EnergyPlus itself to the geometric parameter of building and non-several
What parameter is edited.Still an alternative is that the plug-in unit OpenStudio using SketchUp visually joins building
Number editor, has accomplished visual edit although comparing with IDF Editor before, if wanting simcity building energy consumption
Situation still needs to do a large amount of repetitive operation.
4, the method for the invention based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, can be with more accurate geographical
The processing of information proportion technique contains the biggish urban architecture high definition grating map of information content, and can reach preferable vector quantization knot
Fruit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the high definition TIF map downloaded by business software BIGEMAP；
Fig. 2 is to carry out geographic registration (coordinate origin, X-axis and Y-axis that determine image) by ArcMap software；
Fig. 3 is to carry out vector quantization proportion by vector software ArcMap；
Fig. 4 is the comma separated value text that the file of SHP format derived from ArcMap is converted to needs by Qgis file
Part format (CSV)；
Fig. 5 is the partial data of the comma separated value file format finally obtained；
Fig. 6 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and it is not limit that following embodiment, which is descriptive,
Qualitatively, this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
A kind of vectorization method for high definition grating map, comprising the following steps:
1) the high definition grating map of urban architecture group, the acquisition of high definition grating map: is obtained by high definition map software；It is right
The coordinate position for the geography information building studied summarizes towards progress information, needs to carry out on-the-spot investigation and measurement when necessary,
After inquiry, the high definition grating map file for being TIF by high definition map software BIGEMAP download formats obtains Fig. 1.?
The high definition grating map high resolution arrived, the proportion work after facilitating.
2) it, extracts high definition grating map information: the information of the high definition grating map of urban architecture group is extracted, it is described
Information includes pixel column number and line number, wave band number, pixel size, Source Type, pixel depth, georeferencing coordinate system and benchmark
Face, it is ensured that DPI is one of the parameter for measuring image pixel in 300 or more, DPI；High definition grating map is verified, it is therefore an objective to
Carry out geographic information database later guarantees that information is consistent when establishing, prevent the text established in the ArcCatalog of next step
The parameter of part geographic information database and the information of high definition grating map mismatch, and geography cannot be carried out in ArcGIS by, which causing, matches
It is quasi-.In order to guarantee the precision of vector quantization, determine the DPI of high definition grating map file 300 or more.
3) it, establishes management work space: by the ArcCatalog in GIS software ArcGIS, establishing management
Working space guarantees that subsequent vector quantization data are maintained in the space, then constructs geographic information data under the space
Library, geographic information database establishing element include point, line, surface data set；ArcCatalog is user group, uses and manage work
Make space and geographic information database.Working space refers to the file on disk, with management and operation GIS-Geographic Information System (
Drawing and document, image and other data files, geographical processing model, figure layer etc.).Working space provides a simple method
The logical collection of tissue and shared geography information.
4) geographic information database, is imported: the high definition grid of downloading is imported in GIS software ArcGIS
The geographic information database of figure and management work space and building, and generate geographical information library figure layer.Determine the geography of building
Information database information and high definition grating map information are mutually matched, including geographic coordinate system and projected coordinate system, such as geographical
Coordinate system and projected coordinate system, that geographic coordinate system is selected in this patent is WGS_1984, and what projected coordinate system was selected is
WGS_1984_World_Mercator.Due to the otherness of map software.It needs to be determined important parameter, exist at this time
The file geographic information database for importing high definition grating map in ArcMap and establishing before.It can be to geography by attributes section
Coordinate system and projected coordinate system are verified and are modified.
5), geography information is registrated: being carried out geography information registration to high definition grating map in geographical information library figure layer, is such as schemed
Shown in 2；Proportion origin and X-axis are established with Y-axis, determine the scale bar of X-axis and Y-axis in 1:400~1:
Between 1000, and ensure scale bar and real ratio match.Essence is carried out by the map zoom that ArcMap has the function of
Really proportion, establishment two-dimensional Cartesian system, the result of completion are as shown in Figure 3 manually.
6), export: carrying out vectoring operations to high definition grating map in map software ArcGIS, exports SHP lattice
Formula destination file.SHP format result file is exported in ArcMap file, but the SHP format result file can not be by later
Energy simulation directlys adopt, and SHP format result file not can be carried out visualized operation, therefore needs the data of next step
Conversion.
7), data conversion: software is converted by Qgis data, SHP format result file is switched into comma separated value file lattice
Formula file (csv file), as shown in Figure 4,5, the partial data of the comma separated value file format finally obtained.This file information
Comprising building figure layer coordinate information and area information etc..Obtained result can be used directly in the operation of automation modeling.
8) it, completes vector quantization: completing high definition grating map vector quantization.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method based on urban architecture group's high definition grating map vector quantization, comprising the following steps:
1) the high definition grating map of urban architecture group, the acquisition of high definition grating map: is obtained by high definition map software；
2) it, extracts high definition grating map information: the information of the high definition grating map of urban architecture group being extracted, the information
Including pixel columns and line number, wave band number, pixel size, Source Type, pixel depth, georeferencing coordinate system and datum level, really
DPI is protected 300 or more；
3) it, establishes management work space: by GIS software, establishing management work space, guarantee subsequent vector
Change data to be maintained in the space, geographic information database is then constructed under the space, geographic information database building is wanted
Element includes point, line, surface data set；
4), import geographic information database: imported in GIS software ArcGIS downloading high definition grating map and
The geographic information database of management work space and building, and generate geographical information library figure layer.Determine the geography information of building
Database information and high definition grating map information are mutually matched, including geographic coordinate system and projected coordinate system；
5), geography information is registrated: geography information registration is carried out to high definition grating map in geographical information library figure layer, it is former to proportion
Point coordinate and X-axis are established with Y-axis, determine that the scale bar of X-axis and Y-axis between 1:400~1:1000, and ensures to compare
Example ruler and real ratio match；
6), export: carrying out vectoring operations to high definition grating map in map software ArcGIS, exports SHP format knot
Fruit file；
7), data conversion: software is converted by Qgis data, SHP format result file is switched into comma separated value file format text
Part；
8) it, completes vector quantization: completing high definition grating map vector quantization.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111400524A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-07-10 | 中国地质大学（北京） | AI-based variable-scale geological map text vectorization method and system |
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