CN109507467A - Optical current mutual inductor and its current measuring method based on catoptric arrangement - Google Patents
Optical current mutual inductor and its current measuring method based on catoptric arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507467A CN109507467A CN201811320244.2A CN201811320244A CN109507467A CN 109507467 A CN109507467 A CN 109507467A CN 201811320244 A CN201811320244 A CN 201811320244A CN 109507467 A CN109507467 A CN 109507467A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical current mutual inductor and its current measuring method based on catoptric arrangement, including laser light source (1), optical fiber circulator (2), sensing head (3) and the photodetector (4) connected by optical fiber, head to the tail portion in the sensing head is disposed with collimator (5), polarizing film (6), light polarization modulator (7), magneto-optical crystal (8) and reflecting mirror (9)；Light intensity output signal when no magnetic field is recorded first.Then the light intensity output valve and corresponding magnetic field strength under different magnetic field intensity are recorded, the value of magnetic field strength H is obtained；Again by the relationship between electric current i and its magnetic field H generated, the size of surveyed current value can be acquired.Compared with prior art, the present invention can be improved the sensitivity that optical current mutual inductor measures magnetic field and current value, to realize the measurement to Weak magentic-field and low current.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical current mutual inductor fields, more particularly to a kind of optical current mutual inductance based on catoptric arrangement
The method of device and its measurement magnetic field and electric current.
Background technique
Optical current mutual inductor as a kind of novel current transformer, with dynamic range big, measuring range with make
The advantages that disproportionate relationship of valence, good insulation preformance, therefore have received widespread attention.But it is lacked there is also some simultaneously
It falls into, one of aspect by sensing head volume and device distribution precisely due to limited, magneto-optical crystal generally makes very
It is thin, cause magnetic rotation angle very small, output intensity variation is very faint, therefore measures essence in the case where Weak magentic-field or low current
Degree can be greatly reduced.The measurement process of the general optical current mutual inductor based on Faraday effect are as follows: the light warp that light source issues
It crosses optical fiber and enters collimator, the light issued from collimator becomes the linearly polarized light with certain polarization direction after the polarizer,
When linearly polarized light passes through magneto-optical crystal, under the influence of a magnetic field, certain deflection can occur for polarization direction, be emitted from magneto-optical crystal
Light again by the analyzer that is 45 ° with polarizer light transmission shaft angle, then collimator exports, and finally enters light by optical fiber
Electric explorer is converted to electric signal.By carrying out handling deflection angle of the available polarised light under magnetic fields to electric signal
Degree, and the deflection angle of polarised light is related with the Verdet constant of magnetic field strength and magneto-optic memory technique that electric current generates, and thus may be used
To measure the size of electric current.And the usual very little of deflection angle in the case where low current, therefore can be to the accuracy of measurement result
It affects.
Summary of the invention
In view of the prior art and its existing defect, the invention proposes a kind of optical current based on catoptric arrangement is mutual
Sensor and its current measuring method reflect linearly polarized light through reflecting mirror using the mirror structure being arranged in sensing head
Afterwards, polarization direction does not change, and the magnetic rotation effect of magneto-optical crystal has nonreciprocity, ensure that reflected light
Deflection angle and incident light it is in the same direction, to realize measurement of the optical current mutual inductor to magnetic field and current value.
A kind of optical current mutual inductor based on catoptric arrangement of the invention, structure include the laser light connected by optical fiber
Source 1, optical fiber circulator 2, sensing head 3 and photodetector 4, head to the tail portion in the sensing head of the photodetector 4
It is disposed with collimator 5, polarizing film 6, light polarization modulator 7, magneto-optical crystal 8 and reflecting mirror 9, in which:
In the sensing head 3, the light beam collimator 5 that the light that laser light source 1 issues is generated by optical fiber circulator 2 is quasi-
It is incident to polarizing film 6 after straight, becomes linearly polarized light after polarizing film 6 and is incident to light polarization modulator 7, light polarization modulator 7 is emitted
Light after magneto-optical crystal 8 by reflecting mirror 9 reflect after successively by magneto-optical crystal 8, light polarization modulator 7, polarizing film 6, collimation
It is exported after device 5, the light of output is using being incident to photodetector 4 after optical fiber circulator 2.
A kind of electric current value measurement method using the optical current mutual inductor based on catoptric arrangement of the invention, the party
Method detailed process the following steps are included:
Firstly, the light beam collimator 5 that the light that laser light source 1 issues is generated by optical fiber circulator 2 is incident to after collimating
Polarizing film 6 becomes linearly polarized light after polarizing film 6 and is incident to light polarization modulator 7, records the light of the outgoing of light polarization modulator 7
Light intensity output valve when without magnetic field；
Then, the light that light polarization modulator 7 is emitted is successively brilliant by magneto-optic after being reflected after magneto-optical crystal 8 by reflecting mirror 9
It is exported after body 8, light polarization modulator 7, polarizing film 6, collimator 5, records the light intensity output under the different magnetic field intensity of magneto-optical crystal 8
Value and corresponding magnetic field strength export formula to the Verdet constant V and length of magneto-optical crystal in sensing head 3 according to light intensity
The product of L is demarcated；
Calculate the angle that linearly polarized light rotates under the action of external magnetic field by magneto-optical crystal rear polarizer direction
θ=2VHL (1)
Wherein, V is the Verdet constant of magneto-optical crystal, and H is the magnetic field strength of sensing head position, and L is light beam in magnetic
The length passed through in luminescent crystal；
Assuming that the direction of rotation of linearly polarized light caused by light polarization modulator and magneto-optical crystal is on the contrary, then after polarizing film
Output intensity I are as follows:
I=2I0cos2(45°+θ) (2)
Assuming that light polarization modulator is identical with the direction of rotation of linearly polarized light caused by magneto-optical crystal, then after polarizing film
Output intensity I are as follows:
I=2I0cos2(45°+θ) (3)
Wherein, I0Light intensity signal output valve when for no magnetic field；
In conjunction with formula (1), (2) and (3), output intensity is obtained:
I=2I0cos2(45°±2VHL) (4)
Positive sign, direction of rotation are wherein taken when light polarization modulator is identical with linearly polarized light direction of rotation caused by magneto-optical crystal
Negative sign is taken when opposite.
Formula (4) are solved, the value of magnetic field strength H is obtained；Again by the relationship between electric current i and its magnetic field H generated:
H=ki (5)
Wherein, k is the proportionality coefficient that can be demarcated；
The size of surveyed current value can be acquired.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be improved optical current mutual inductor magnetic field and current value are measured it is sensitive
Degree, to realize the measurement to Weak magentic-field and low current.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is optical current mutual inductor overall structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of optical current mutual inductor sensing head.
In figure: 1, laser light source, 2, optical fiber circulator, 3, sensing head are used between 4, photodetector and each device
The optical fiber of connection, 5, collimator, 6, polarizing film, 7, light polarization modulator, 8, magneto-optical crystal, 9, reflecting mirror.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with example.
Specific embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, for the present invention is based on the Structure of Optical Current Transducer schematic diagrames of catoptric arrangement.The structure includes swashing
Optical fiber between radiant 1, optical fiber circulator 2, sensing head 3, photodetector 4 and each device for connection；Photodetection
Optical element in 4 sensing head of device is followed successively by collimator 5, polarizing film 6, light polarization modulator 7, magneto-optical crystal 8 and reflecting mirror 9.
The light source of system is Single wavelength laser light source, and the light that light source issues enters sensing head 4 after passing through optical fiber circulator 2,
Light beam is incident to polarizing film 6 after 5- collimator collimation first in sensing head 4, becomes linearly polarized light after polarizing film 6 and enters
It is incident upon light polarization modulator 7, the light that light polarization modulator 7 is emitted successively passes through magneto-optic after being reflected after magneto-optical crystal 8 by reflecting mirror 9
It is exported after crystal 8, light polarization modulator 7, polarizing film 6, collimator 5, the light of output is using being incident to photoelectricity after optical fiber circulator 2
Detector 4.
The sensing head of the present embodiment is the novel sensing head with reflecting mirror, and the tail portion of sensing head is arranged in reflecting mirror.Enter
It penetrates light and reflected light have passed through same magneto-optical crystal, ensure that incident light and reflected light deflect under same magnetic field strength
Other physical parameters of the magneto-optical crystal of Shi Suoxu are identical.So magnetic rotation angle can be relative to biography under same magnetic field strength
The sensing head of system structure doubles.Light polarization modulator is nonreciprocal type rotatory device, can make its linearly polarized light of once-through
Polarization direction rotate 22.5 degree, around covered by magnetic shielding material, it is ensured that internal optically-active element not by external magnetic field do
It disturbs.The characteristics of light polarization modulator, is to make to rotate 45 ° by the polarization direction of its linearly polarized light twice, to make to reflect
Light passes through range most sensitive in variation when polarizing film.Reflecting mirror can make light edge under the premise of guaranteeing that polarization state is constant
Backtracking makes polarised light pass through magneto-optical crystal twice, keeps deflection angle double using the nonreciprocity of magneto-optical crystal, thus make be
The measurement sensitivity of system is double；And since the presence of light polarization modulator makes reflected light by most sensitive in changing when polarizing film
Range, substantially increase the accuracy of measurement in the case of Weak magentic-field or low current.
Specific embodiment two:
The present embodiment be using described in embodiment one based on the optical current mutual inductor of catoptric arrangement to magnetic field and electric current
The method that value measures can be such that the measurement sensitivity of the optical current mutual inductor based on Faraday effect doubles, mention
Accuracy of measurement of the height in Weak magentic-field or low current.This method detailed process are as follows: taken first, in accordance with optical path shown in Fig. 1
Optical current mutual inductor system is built, light intensity output signal when no magnetic field is recorded.Then it records under different magnetic field intensity
Light intensity output valve and corresponding magnetic field strength export formula to the Verdet constant of magneto-optical crystal in sensing head according to light intensity
The product of V and length L are demarcated.
In actual measurement, the angle that linearly polarized light rotates under the action of external magnetic field by magneto-optical crystal rear polarizer direction
It spends double:
θ=2VHL (1)
Wherein, V is the Verdet constant of magneto-optical crystal, and H is the magnetic field strength of sensing head position, and L is light beam in magnetic
The length (Verdet constant V and length L be can scalar quantity) passed through in luminescent crystal；
The effect of light polarization modulator is to make to rotate 45 ° by the polarization direction of linearly polarized light twice, to make
Reflected light passes through range most sensitive in variation when polarizing film.Assuming that linearly polarized light caused by light polarization modulator and magneto-optical crystal
Direction of rotation on the contrary, the then output intensity I after polarizing film are as follows:
I=2I0cos2(45°-θ) (2)
Assuming that light polarization modulator is identical with the direction of rotation of linearly polarized light caused by magneto-optical crystal, then after polarizing film
Output intensity I are as follows:
I=2I0cos2(45°+θ) (3)
Wherein, I0Light intensity signal output valve when for no magnetic field；
In conjunction with formula (1), (2) and (3), output intensity is obtained:
I=2I0cos2(45°±2VHL) (4)
Positive sign, direction of rotation are wherein taken when light polarization modulator is identical with linearly polarized light direction of rotation caused by magneto-optical crystal
Negative sign is taken when opposite.
This unknown number of magnetic field strength H is contained only in formula (4), therefore formula (4) are solved, and it is strong to can be obtained magnetic field
Spend the value of H；Again by the relationship between electric current i and its magnetic field H generated:
H=ki (5)
Wherein, k is the proportionality coefficient that can be demarcated；
The size of surveyed current value can be acquired.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of optical current mutual inductor based on catoptric arrangement, structure includes laser light source (1), the optical fiber by optical fiber connection
Circulator (2), sensing head (3) and photodetector (4), which is characterized in that head to tail portion in the sensing head (3) according to
It is secondary to be provided with collimator (5), polarizing film (6), light polarization modulator (7), magneto-optical crystal (8) and reflecting mirror (9), in which:
In the sensing head (3), the light that laser light source (1) issues passes through the light beam collimator that optical fiber circulator (2) generate
(5) polarizing film (6) are incident to after collimating, becomes linearly polarized light after polarizing film (6) and is incident to light polarization modulator (7), are polarized
The light of modulator (7) outgoing is after magneto-optical crystal (8) by successively adjusting by magneto-optical crystal (8), polarization after reflecting mirror (9) reflection
Device (7) processed, polarizing film (6), collimator (5) export afterwards, and the light of output is using being incident to photodetection after optical fiber circulator (2)
Device (4).
2. the current value measurement side realized using a kind of optical current mutual inductor based on catoptric arrangement described in claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that this method detailed process the following steps are included:
Firstly, the light that laser light source (1) issues is incident after being collimated by the light beam collimator (5) that optical fiber circulator (2) generate
To polarizing film (6), becomes linearly polarized light after polarizing film (6) and be incident to light polarization modulator (7), record light polarization modulator
(7) the light intensity output valve when light being emitted is without magnetic field；
Then, the light of light polarization modulator (7) outgoing is after magneto-optical crystal (8) by successively passing through magneto-optic after reflecting mirror (9) reflection
Crystal (8), light polarization modulator (7), polarizing film (6), collimator (5) export afterwards, record the different magnetic field intensity of magneto-optical crystal (8)
Under light intensity output valve and corresponding magnetic field strength, formula is exported according to light intensity, magneto-optical crystal in sensing head (3) is taken
The product of your moral constant V and length L is demarcated；
Calculate the angle that linearly polarized light rotates under the action of external magnetic field by magneto-optical crystal rear polarizer direction
θ=2VHL (1)
Wherein, V is the Verdet constant of magneto-optical crystal, and H is the magnetic field strength of sensing head position, and L is light beam in magneto-optic crystalline substance
The length passed through in body；
Assuming that the direction of rotation of linearly polarized light caused by light polarization modulator and magneto-optical crystal is on the contrary, the then outgoing after polarizing film
Light intensity I are as follows:
I=2I0cos2(45°-θ) (2)
Assuming that light polarization modulator is identical with the direction of rotation of linearly polarized light caused by magneto-optical crystal, then the outgoing after polarizing film
Light intensity I are as follows:
I=2I0cos2(45°+θ) (3)
Wherein, I0Light intensity signal output valve when for no magnetic field；
In conjunction with formula (1), (2) and (3), output intensity is obtained:
I=2I0cos2(45°±2VHL) (4)
Positive sign is wherein taken when light polarization modulator is identical with linearly polarized light direction of rotation caused by magneto-optical crystal, direction of rotation is opposite
When take negative sign.
Formula (4) are solved, the value of magnetic field strength H is obtained；Again by the relationship between electric current i and its magnetic field H generated:
H=ki (5)
Wherein, k is the proportionality coefficient that can be demarcated；
The size of surveyed current value can be acquired.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110498188A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-11-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Fully-mechanized mining working surface conveyor chain condition checkout gear and method |
| CN110726863A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Double-probe non-contact current measuring device and method for power transmission line |
| CN111323635A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | Optical fiber sensing system and method for measuring current intensity of high-voltage conductor in non-contact mode |
| CN111721993A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | High-sensitivity miniaturized current detection system |
| CN113466761A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 浙江大学 | High-spatial-resolution magnetic field distribution measurement system and method based on special magnetic-sensitive optical fiber bundle |
| CN115112935A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-27 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Optical fiber terminal device and data transmission system |
| CN117054722A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Relay protection light-consumption calculation method and system based on Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110498188A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-11-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Fully-mechanized mining working surface conveyor chain condition checkout gear and method |
| WO2021003902A1 (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-01-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Fully mechanized mining face scraper conveyer chain state detection device and method |
| CN110726863A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-24 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Double-probe non-contact current measuring device and method for power transmission line |
| CN110726863B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-06-21 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Double-probe non-contact current measuring device and method for power transmission line |
| CN111323635A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | Optical fiber sensing system and method for measuring current intensity of high-voltage conductor in non-contact mode |
| CN111721993A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | High-sensitivity miniaturized current detection system |
| CN113466761A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 浙江大学 | High-spatial-resolution magnetic field distribution measurement system and method based on special magnetic-sensitive optical fiber bundle |
| CN113466761B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江大学 | Space magnetic field distribution measuring system and method based on special magnetic-sensitive optical fiber bundle |
| CN115112935A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-27 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Optical fiber terminal device and data transmission system |
| CN115112935B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-06-20 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Optical fiber terminal device and data transmission system |
| CN117054722A (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2023-11-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Relay protection light-consumption calculation method and system based on Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect |
| CN117054722B (en) * | 2023-08-11 | 2024-06-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Relay protection light-consumption calculation method and system based on Faraday magneto-optical rotation effect |
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