CN109507293B - Foundation pile imager and method for defining defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy - Google Patents
Foundation pile imager and method for defining defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507293B CN109507293B CN201811041371.9A CN201811041371A CN109507293B CN 109507293 B CN109507293 B CN 109507293B CN 201811041371 A CN201811041371 A CN 201811041371A CN 109507293 B CN109507293 B CN 109507293B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
- G01N29/0654—Imaging
- G01N29/069—Defect imaging, localisation and sizing using, e.g. time of flight diffraction [TOFD], synthetic aperture focusing technique [SAFT], Amplituden-Laufzeit-Ortskurven [ALOK] technique
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/011—Velocity or travel time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a foundation pile imager for defining a defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy, which comprises a host, wherein the host is connected with a depth controller and a transducer, and the foundation pile imager comprises: and (3) a host computer: for transmitting an electrical signal to a transmitting transducer for receiving an electrical signal from a receiving transducer; the depth controller is used for receiving the depth signal transmitted by the depth controller; depth controller: for recording transducer depth and transmitting depth information to the host. The invention can obtain the defect position and defect height of the foundation pile section, so as to know the defect information in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pile imaging, in particular to a foundation pile imager and a foundation pile imaging method for defining a defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy.
Background
In the ultrasonic detection of large bridge foundation piles, CT imaging technology is introduced into ultrasonic detection in order to accurately determine the size of an abnormal part, and practical engineering application results show that the technology has the characteristics of high resolution, accurate defect positioning, visual detection result, clear image and the like. The cross-hole sector test is a test method for measuring the propagation time of sound waves at each part of a medium to be tested (for example, foundation pile test), as shown in fig. 1. In the figure, T1, T2 and T3 … … T10 are the transmitting points of the transmitting transducer, R1, R2 and R3 … … R10 are the receiving points of the receiving transducer, and the test process is as follows: t1 is transmitted, and R1, R2 and R3 … … R10 are sequentially received; t2 emission, R1, R2 and R3 … … R10 are sequentially received … … to T10 emission, and R1, R2 and R3 … … R10 are sequentially received to form the acoustic tomography emission and reception observation system shown in FIG. 1.
However, the method has the disadvantages of overlarge test data volume and overlong test time, only one line of data is tested at a time, the test data only analyze the sound velocity, and only a two-dimensional graph in the vertical direction of the sound velocity (wave velocity) can not obtain the information of the defect size and depth.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the related art, the present invention provides a foundation pile imager and a method for defining a defect position by using sound velocity and energy, which can overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a foundation pile imager for defining a defect location using sound velocity and energy, comprising a host connected with a depth controller and a transducer, wherein:
and (3) a host computer: for transmitting an electrical signal to a transmitting transducer for receiving an electrical signal of the transducer; the depth controller is used for receiving the depth signal transmitted by the depth controller;
depth controller: for recording transducer depth and transmitting depth information to the host.
Further, the transducer comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer.
The invention also provides a foundation pile detection method for defining the defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: placing A, B and C three transducers at the bottom of a sound tube, and connecting the wire of each transducer to a host through a depth control device;
s2: the depth control device controls the three transducers to be lifted synchronously, and data of a plane where the transducers are positioned at the initial position and lifted at certain intervals are recorded respectively;
s3: obtaining the position of the axial defect and the position of the plane defect according to the data;
s4: and performing pipe inclination correction on the data, and calculating the abnormal region, defect size and position coordinates calculated by the whole pile body.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
s3.1: drawing a horizontal inclinometry chart according to the specification, wherein the overlapped position of the horizontal inclinometry chart and the inclinometry chart is the position where the axial defect is located;
s3.2: drawing a sound velocity sound amplitude stereogram, wherein the width of a sound velocity shadow in the sound velocity diagram is equal to the height of an abnormal point, and the width of the sound amplitude shadow in the sound amplitude diagram is equal to the height of the abnormal point and is subtracted by 0.15 m on one side;
s3.3: and determining the position of the planar defect according to the characteristic that the acoustic amplitude of the acoustic wave has different reactions to defects in different areas.
Further, the step S4 specifically includes:
s4.1: performing tube skew correction on the data according to the specification;
s4.2: normalizing the data subjected to pipe inclination correction;
s4.3: drawing a sound velocity amplitude stereo distribution map of the whole foundation pile according to the normalized data, and carrying out finite element grid processing on the map;
s4.4: finding out abnormal points, connecting the abnormal points, and calculating the size of the abnormal region.
Preferably, step S4.2 specifically includes:
s4.2.1: the normalization processing for the sound velocity value specifically comprises the following steps:
s4.2.11: calculation of AB. Average of three vertical plane sound velocity values of AC and BC
Wherein: v (V) AB Representing the sound velocity value of the AB surface of the vertical surface where the connection line of the A transducer and the B transducer is positioned, V BC Representing the sound velocity value, V, of the vertical plane BC where the B transducer and the C transducer are connected AC A sound velocity value representing the vertical plane AC where the A transducer and the C transducer are connected;
s4.2.12: the three vertical surfaces are respectively subjected to proportional correction, and the AB surface is taken as an example, and the proportional correction is as follows: first, calculating the proportion correction coefficient alpha AB ：
Then for any depth value V on the AB vertical plane ABi Correcting to obtain corrected depth V ABi ' the correction formula is: v (V) ABi '＝α AB V ABi ；
S4.2.1: and normalizing the sound amplitude.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can obtain the defect position and defect height of the foundation pile section, so as to know the defect information in time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a connection of a foundation pile imager using sound velocity and energy to define a defect location according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a definitive view of the location of an axial defect according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a deterministic graph of planar defects;
fig. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d are definitive diagrams of global planar defects.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a foundation pile imager for defining a defect position by using sound velocity and energy according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a host connected with a depth controller and a transducer, wherein:
and (3) a host computer: for transmitting an electrical signal to a transmitting transducer for receiving an electrical signal of the transducer; the depth controller is used for receiving the depth signal transmitted by the depth controller;
depth controller: for recording transducer depth and transmitting depth information to the host.
Further, the transducer comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer.
The invention also provides a foundation pile detection method for defining the defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: placing A, B and C three transducers at the bottom of a sound tube, and connecting the wire of each transducer to a host through a depth control device;
s2: the depth control device controls the three transducers to be lifted synchronously, and data of a plane where the transducers are positioned at the initial position and lifted at certain intervals are recorded respectively;
s3: obtaining the position of the axial defect and the position of the plane defect according to the data;
s4: and performing pipe inclination correction on the data, and calculating the abnormal region, defect size and position coordinates calculated by the whole pile body.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes:
s3.1: drawing a horizontal inclinometry chart according to the specification, wherein the overlapped position of the horizontal inclinometry chart and the inclinometry chart is the position where the axial defect is located, as shown in fig. 2;
s3.2: drawing a sound velocity sound amplitude stereogram, wherein the width of a sound velocity shadow in the sound velocity diagram is equal to the height of an abnormal point, and the width of the sound amplitude shadow in the sound amplitude diagram is equal to the height of the abnormal point and is subtracted by 0.15 m on one side;
s3.3: and determining the position of the planar defect according to the characteristic that the acoustic amplitude of the acoustic wave has different reactions to defects in different areas.
Further, the step S4 specifically includes:
s4.1: performing tube skew correction on the data according to the specification;
s4.2: normalizing the data subjected to pipe inclination correction;
s4.3: drawing a sound velocity amplitude stereo distribution map of the whole foundation pile according to the normalized data, and carrying out finite element grid processing on the map;
s4.4: finding out abnormal points, connecting the abnormal points, and calculating the size of the abnormal region.
Preferably, step S4.2 specifically includes:
s4.2.1: the normalization processing for the sound velocity value specifically comprises the following steps:
s4.2.11: calculating the average value of the sound velocity values of three vertical surfaces AB, AC and BC
Wherein: v (V) AB Representing the sound velocity value of the AB surface of the vertical surface where the connection line of the A transducer and the B transducer is positioned, V BC Representing the sound velocity value, V, of the vertical plane BC where the B transducer and the C transducer are connected AC A sound velocity value representing the vertical plane AC where the A transducer and the C transducer are connected;
s4.2.12: the three vertical surfaces are respectively subjected to proportional correction, and the AB surface is taken as an example, and the proportional correction is as follows: first, calculating the proportion correction coefficient alpha AB ：
Then for any depth value V on the AB vertical plane ABi Correcting to obtain corrected depth V ABi ' the correction formula is: v (V) ABi '＝α AB V ABi ；
S4.2.1: and normalizing the sound amplitude.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes the above technical solutions of the present invention in detail by a specific usage manner.
According to the foundation pile imager and the foundation pile detection method for defining the defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy, during testing, after a transducer is placed at the bottom of a sound tube, data are recorded, the transducer is lifted for a certain distance and then the data are recorded again, and the recording depth interval is generally recommended to be 0.05-0.1 meter; and drawing a horizontal measurement chart and an oblique measurement chart according to recorded data according to standards (JTG/T F81-01-2004 and JGJ106-2014 of highway engineering foundation pile dynamic measurement technical specifications), wherein three shadow overlapped parts are positions of axial defects, as shown in figure 2, and then determining positions of plane defects of planes of ABC three transducers.
The receiving transducer receives an ellipsoidal energy sound, the long axis is the distance between the two sound tubes, and the short axis is 0.38 meters. The half-amplitude effect is 0.19 meters and our measurement point spacing is typically 0.05 meters, so the effect is typically three points, as shown in FIG. 3: for the three defects A, B and C of the plane, defect a is outside the effective receiving sound field, it is evident that in this case, the sound of the sound wave does not change in amplitude, i.e. defect a is not found; the defect B is in the effective sound field, but no connecting line from O to O exists, and the sound does not change at the moment, because the defect shields a part of sound energy, the sound wave amplitude is reduced; the defect C is in the effective sound field and passes through the connection line from O to O, so that sound waves can reach the receiving transducer only by bypassing the defect C, the sound rays are prolonged, the apparent sound velocity is reduced, and meanwhile, the defect C shields the sound energy and the amplitude is reduced. The sound velocity and amplitude test results are different for the different positions at point A, B, C of the upper graph. Therefore, when the plane defect is determined again, the test result is inverted according to the theory, and the method is concretely as follows:
if the amplitude and the sound of the ac detection surface are abnormal, and the amplitude of the bc detection surface is abnormal, the sound is normal, and the amplitude and the sound of the ab detection surface are normal, we can infer that the distribution range of the defects is shown in fig. 4 a; if the ab detection surface and bc have normal amplitude and sound, and the ac detection surface has abnormal amplitude and sound, the distribution range of the defects can be deduced to be approximately shown in fig. 4 b; when the defect distribution range is inferred by using effective received sound field analysis, there are two special cases, namely: when the concrete of a part of the sound tube is not wrapped, misjudgment may occur, as shown in fig. 4c; when the defect is in the center of the pile and is out of the effective receiving sound field ranges of the three detection surfaces ab, bc and ca, namely the defect is in a test blind area, misjudgment can occur as shown in fig. 4 d; therefore, we are also reminded that when three sound tubes are buried for core verification, we cannot be in the center of the pile.
In summary, the invention can obtain the defect position and defect height of the foundation pile section, so as to know the defect information in time.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A foundation pile detection method for defining a defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy, which is based on a foundation pile imager for defining the defect position by utilizing sound velocity and energy, wherein the foundation pile imager comprises a host machine, the host machine is connected with a depth controller and a transducer, and the transducer comprises a transmitting transducer and a receiving transducer, wherein:
and (3) a host computer: the depth controller is used for transmitting the electric signals to the transmitting transducer, receiving the electric signals of the receiving transducer and receiving the depth signals transmitted by the depth controller;
depth controller: the device is used for recording the depth of the transducer and transmitting depth information to the host;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: placing A, B and C three transducers at the bottom of the sound tube, and connecting the wire of each transducer to a host through a depth controller;
s2: synchronously lifting three transducers under the control of a depth controller, and respectively recording the data of the plane where the transducers are positioned at the initial position and lifted at certain intervals;
s3: obtaining the position of the axial defect and the position of the plane defect according to the data;
s3.1: drawing a horizontal inclinometry chart according to the specification, wherein the overlapped position of the horizontal inclinometry chart and the inclinometry chart is the position where the axial defect is located;
s3.2: drawing a sound velocity sound amplitude stereogram, wherein the width of a sound velocity shadow in the sound velocity diagram is equal to the height of an abnormal point, and the width of the sound amplitude shadow in the sound amplitude diagram is equal to the height of the abnormal point and is subtracted by 0.15 m on one side;
s3.3: determining the position of a planar defect according to the characteristic that the acoustic amplitude of the acoustic wave has different reactions to defects in different areas;
s4: performing pipe inclination correction on the data, and calculating the abnormal region, defect size and position coordinates calculated by the whole foundation pile;
s4.1: performing tube skew correction on the data according to the specification;
s4.2: normalizing the data subjected to pipe inclination correction;
s4.2.1: the normalization processing for the sound velocity value specifically comprises the following steps:
s4.2.1.1: calculating the average value of the sound velocity values of three vertical surfaces AB, AC and BC
Wherein: v (V) AB Representing the sound velocity value of the AB surface of the vertical surface where the connection line of the A transducer and the B transducer is positioned, V BC Representing the sound velocity value, V, of the vertical plane BC where the B transducer and the C transducer are connected AC A sound velocity value representing the vertical plane AC where the A transducer and the C transducer are connected;
s4.2.1.2: the three vertical surfaces are respectively subjected to proportional correction, and the AB surface is taken as an example, and the proportional correction is as follows: first, calculating the proportion correction coefficient alpha AB ，
Then for any depth value V on the AB vertical plane ABi Correcting to obtain corrected depth V ABi ' the correction formula is: v (V) ABi ′＝α AB V ABi ；
S4.2.2: normalizing the sound amplitude value;
s4.3: drawing a sound velocity amplitude stereo distribution map of the whole foundation pile according to the normalized data, and carrying out finite element grid processing on the map;
s4.4: finding out abnormal points, connecting the abnormal points, and calculating the size of the abnormal region.
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