CN109507241A - A kind of new method and equipment of resistance measurement rock wettability - Google Patents
A kind of new method and equipment of resistance measurement rock wettability Download PDFInfo
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- CN109507241A CN109507241A CN201710824893.5A CN201710824893A CN109507241A CN 109507241 A CN109507241 A CN 109507241A CN 201710824893 A CN201710824893 A CN 201710824893A CN 109507241 A CN109507241 A CN 109507241A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
Abstract
The present invention provides the new method and equipment of a kind of resistance measurement rock wettability, belongs to the earth (rock) physical field.The present invention provides consistent, stable measuring condition；Monitor rock sample resistance variations in entire measurement process；Replacing the fluid in sample inlet side (lower end) pipeline is injection fluid (crude oil), keeps oil interface between sample and electrode, forms self-priming condition；Liquid level variation, the variation of this liquid level can be considered as the liquid level in Amott method in monitoring and metering pipe while monitoring Rock resistivity variation during self-priming；Establish corresponding resistivity wetting index and wetability discrimination standard.Rock wettability is characterized by the variation of rock resistivity during real-time monitoring " self-priming discharge ", it solves the prior art does not consider that the influence of sample size, measuring condition to rock wettability, the confidence level and measurement accuracy for improving rock wettability, provide experimental basis for evaluating reservoir and transformation.
Description
1. technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new methods and equipment for measuring rock sample wettability index, belong to the earth (rock) physics
Field.
2. background technique
Under the action of capillary force, rock will appear wetting fluid self-priming and enter in hole, drive wherein non-wetted stream side by side
The phenomenon that body.The method of measurement rock wettability has: self-soaking method (Amott method), centrifugal process, contact angle method.For a long time, it commonly uses
Be that Earl Amott in nineteen fifty-nine proposes " self-soaking method ".After improving certain techniques, petroleum industry is formd within 2007
Standard " SY/T5153-2007 reservoir rocks wettability determination method ".
Many experiments show that low porosity and low permeability rock is difficult to measure the discharge liquor during self-priming with Amott method, because of wetting
Grease volume change caused by property is too small.Amott method from oil drive (aging), Absorb Water oil extraction, water drive, from oil suction draining to secondary
It during the entire process of oil drives, is limited by equipment and technique, needs to measure under different condition (heat, pressurize repeatedly), due to
Rock, oil, water have the different coefficients of expansion, cause discharged fluid volume metering inaccurate, are not only unfavorable for data comparison and analysis, but also
It is easily damaged sample.
Since oil, water are electrically widely different in rock.Even in the constant situation of rock water saturation, as long as
Grease occurrence status (shape), which changes, can also cause Rock resistivity to change.Rock wettability variation will cause grease again
Distribution, leads to Rock resistivity significant change.Suitable sample size and electrode system are selected, it can accurate, rapid survey wetting
Property caused by sample resistance change.The variation of different phase wetability described with resistance variations, rather than with the liquid of Amott method
Position variation, thus constructs corresponding resistivity wetting index and wetability discrimination standard, here it is the wettings of resistance measurement rock
The principle of property.The present invention can complete oily expelling water, constant temperature aging, Absorb Water oil extraction, water under the conditions of mutually synthermal, axis confining pressure
It drives, drain the whole experiment process driven to secondary oil from oil suction, monitor each process and whether rationally, with quantitative target to determine accordingly
The step of whether complete.
3. summary of the invention
A kind of method and experimental facilities of resistance measurement rock wettability.
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of measurement methods and device for indicating rock wettability.To solve
The problem of variation of Amott method measuring condition brings error and can not measure low porosity and low permeability rock wettability.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a kind of resistivity method measurement rock is provided
The method of stone wetability.This method comprises: providing the measuring condition that each step is consistent, stable；Real-time monitoring entirely measures
Rock sample resistance variations in the process；Clamper uses horizontal displacement, vertical self-priming.In oily expelling water into constraint water state, adopt
With horizontal displacement, and determine whether ageing process terminates according to resistance change；During Absorb Water oil extraction, clamper is turned
Change into vertical, replacing the fluid in sample inlet side (lower end) pipeline is water flooding, keeps water termination in the lower end surface of sample, is formed
Self-priming condition, under wetability effect, sample resistance decline, until sample resistance tends towards stability；During water drive oil, then will folder
Holder changes into horizontal, and sample resistance continues to decline, until sample resistance tends towards stability；From in oil suction drainage procedure, clamper
Switch to again it is vertical, replace sample inlet side (lower end) pipeline in fluid be crude oil, keep oil interface between sample and electrode, shape
At self-priming condition, at this moment resistance is begun to ramp up, and is tended towards stability when reaching certain value, it is believed that is terminated from oil suction drainage procedure；?
Clamper is adjusted to horizontal, carry out secondary oil expelling water, sample resistance rise, when resistance tends towards stability, it is believed that in sample can
Dynamic oil by water flooding instead of.While monitoring resistor variation during each, liquid level variation in meter buret.According to not
Relative variation with stage sample resistivity establishes corresponding resistance wetting index and wetability discrimination standard；Gauge line liquid level
Variation is similar to the volume of Amott self-priming discharge, also can establish corresponding volume wetting index and wetability discrimination standard.
To achieve the goals above, according to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a kind of rock wettability measurement is provided
Device.The device includes: the core holding unit of adjustable position, for applying overlying formation pressure, stratum side to rock sample
To pressure, pore pressure, rock sample both ends resistance and temperature are measured；Insulating short section and pressure sensor guarantee resistance measurement
The insulation of system, the pore pressure for indicating in-out end；Piston type intermediate receptacle guarantees injection oil gas and displacement pressure isolation of system
And provide stable displacement pressure；Axis pressure and confining pressure control system, for core holding unit provide stable overlying formation pressure,
Layer lateral pressure；Back pressure control system keeps the pore pressure of rock sample to stablize；Displacement pressure control system gives piston type
Intermediate receptacle provides stably and controllable pressure；RLC resistance measuring system, with the resistance at level Four method measurement rock sample both ends；Meter
Calculation machine acquisition control system monitors all kinds of pressure in real time, time-sharing automatic record temperature, various pressure, resistance parameter；It is permanent
Incubator, with the mode simulated formation temperature of hot air circulation；Liquid volume is discharged in gauge line, display self-priming in the process.It is thin in figure
Line is signal control line, and heavy black is fluid line.
According to inventive embodiments, rock is characterized by the variation of rock resistivity during real-time monitoring " self-priming discharge "
Wetability solves the prior art does not consider that the influence of sample size, measuring condition to rock wettability, improves rock profit
Moist confidence level and measurement accuracy, provides experimental basis for evaluating reservoir and transformation.
4. Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram with resistivity measurement core wettability.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of resistance measurement rock wettability device.In figure: 1. core holding unit；2. porous plate；3. six
Port valve；4. pressure sensor；5. exhaust-valve；6. stratum water container；7. crude oil container；8. gauge line communicating valve；9. U-shaped measures
9. pipe -1 is upper gauge line, -2 is 9. lower gauge line；10. RLC electric bridge and computer acquisition control system；(11) axis pressure, confining pressure
Control system；(12) high pressure constant-flux pump；(13) insulating box.Dotted line frame in figure indicates that the device being put into insulating box, thin line are letter
Number control line, heavy black is fluid line.
The present invention has the advantage that due to taking above technical scheme
1) when the present invention is changed using rock wettability, volume content, occurrence status, distribution form of the grease in rock
It will all change, Rock resistivity is caused significant change occur, and determine that wetability changes by measurement rock resistivity, inspection
Survey Amott method of the precision much larger than metering displaced volume.
2) measuring condition is controllable, each stage, (measuring condition of S103 to S108) were consistent, visual result, reliable.
3) according to Rock resistivity variable quantity in the unit time, quantification statement ageing process and self suction row are realized for the first time
Process out.Avoid the way that ageing time, displacement saturation degree are empirically determined in professional standard SY/T5153-2007.
4) present invention operates more simple, reliable than Amott method.
5) while electric-resistivity method wettability index is provided, the wettability index of similar Amott method is additionally provided.
5. specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.Come that the present invention will be described in detail below according to attached drawing and in conjunction with the embodiments.Obvious described embodiment is the present invention
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of measurement methods of resistivity method rock wettability, as shown in Figure 1, this method packet
Include that steps are as follows:
Step S101, the sample for measuring rock wettability is also plunger sample, but sample diameter is required to be greater than sample length, is led to
Often taking diameter is 3.81 centimetres of sample.Axis pressure, confining pressure and the temperature of experiment are determined according to sample buried depth.
Step S102, sample preparation include sample processing, washing oil, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, solution allocation and sample saturation etc., are to guarantee to survey
Measure the accurate necessary condition of data.Usually using water flooding as saturated solution.
Step S103, horizontal installation core holding unit measure the aqueous resistivity of rock sample under simulation stratum condition
R0.In order to eliminate sample caused water saturation variation in installation, heating, pressure process, need to inject 2-3 times from inlet side
The water flooding of pore volume, it is ensured that do not have bubble discharge in sample.Sample resistivity R0 is measured with four electricity grade methods, measurement frequency is
1KHz。
Step S104 with constant pressure, is slowly injected into crude oil, clamper goes out to reach higher oil saturation
Water in end discharge sample determines discharge water volume with gauge line, the oil saturation in sample is calculated, when sample resistivity exists
When increment in 1 hour is less than 1 Ω .m, it is believed that had reached constraint water state, turned off inlet side valve, at this moment grease can be again
Distribution waits resistance balance, if resistivity variation is less than 1 Ω .m in 8 hours, it is believed that sample complete aging, record
Sample resistivity Rt calculates irreducible water saturation.At this moment sample has had been provided with the condition of Absorb Water oil extraction.
Clamper is adjusted to vertical by horizontal by step S105, starts Absorb Water oil extraction.Clamper is replaced with water flooding
The crude oil of lower end keeps oil interface between sample and porous plate.Specific practice is using the double pipe structure on probe, and use is organic
Solvent is clean the crude oil washing/COW in the pipeline of lower end, then the cleaning solution in pipeline is expelled to close valve with water flooding.It adjusts
The height of water column and oil column in whole U-tube keeps its oil-water interfaces and sample lower end surface consistent in height.Corresponding valve is opened again
Door adjusts water-column in U-tube, so that it is slightly above sample lower end surface 1-2mm, this process is only by oil-water interfaces by popping one's head in
It has been moved on in sample with the contact surface of sample, resistance curve rapid decrease can occur as the water of injection end enters, and record is at this moment
Resistivity Rt1, keep measuring condition it is constant, wetability effect under, observe sample Absorb Water oil extraction process, usual aqueous position
It can decline, oil liquid position can rise, sample resistance decline.If variable quantity of the resistance curve in 8 hours is less than 1 Ω, it is believed that from
Water suction oil extraction process terminates, and records sample resistivity Rt2, determines resistivity variation Δ Ro1=Rt1-Rt2, and in U-tube
Oily end reads the oil mass Vo1 of discharge.
Step S106, water drive oil are so that sample is had the condition drained from oil suction in order to determine movable oil volume.It is clamping
Crude oil of the device lower end in water flooding constant current displacement sample, each displacement waits after resistance balance again into the 5% of pore volume
Drive the water into 5%；Or the liquid level variation of observation outlet, stop driving when observing that liquid level is begun to ramp up, after waiting resistance stabilizations
Displacement again, after water drive twice, resistivity is stablized in the same value Rt3, it is believed that sample has reached residual oil state, record
The variation delta Ro2=ABS (Rt2-Rt3) of sample resistivity；The oil volume Vo2 of discharge is measured, remaining oil saturation is calculated.
Step S107, end valve in closing open lower end injection valve and lower end exhaust-valve, replace pipeline and " more with crude oil
Water flooding in orifice plate ", if only going out " oil is not discharged " in lower return pipe, sample resistivity is almost unchanged or slightly rises, it is believed that
Sample bottom end water by oily all replacements, at this moment into (under) be crude oil in end pipe line, go out (on) be water in end pipe line, tune
Oil-water interface position is consistent with sample lower end surface in whole U-shaped gauge line, records resistivity Rt4 at this moment.Observe sample resistivity
With the variation of outlet water level, rise if there is sample resistance, the rising of outlet water level, illustrates that sample arrange from oil suction
Water waits until that always sample resistivity tends towards stability, and the variable quantity in 8 hours is less than 1 Ω, it is believed that from oil suction drainage procedure knot
Beam records the discharge water volume Vw1 in sample resistivity Rt5 and gauge line, calculates resistivity variation Δ Rw1=(Rt4-
Rt5)。
Step S108, secondary oil drive is to determine movable water volume, replaces the water in the pipeline of clamper upper end with crude oil,
By mother oil displacement injection containing the sample of remaining oil, until constraint water state, monitors different oil and drives sample resistivity under speed
Variation, usually oil are driven resistance at the beginning and are increased, and then slowly increase, and stop resistance after oil drives and decline, repeated multiple times, if several times
It is close to stop the resistivity after oil drives, illustrates that sample has had reached constraint water state.Record sample resistivity Rt6 and metering
Water volume Vw2 is displaced in pipe, calculates the variation delta Rw2=(Rt5-Rt6) of resistivity.
Step S109, the calculating and differentiation of wettability index, the present invention provide the index of two groups of reflection rock wettabilities: electricity
Resistance method wettability index and self-soaking method wettability index.
Electric-resistivity method water-wet index: Iw=Δ Ro1/ (Δ Ro1+ Δ Ro2)；
The wet index of electric-resistivity method oil: Io=Δ Rw1/ (Δ Rw1+ Δ Rw2)；
The opposite wetting index of electric-resistivity method: Ir=Iw-Io.
Electric-resistivity method is with respect to wetting index evaluation reservoir rock wetability referring to table
The water-wet index that liquid level variation calculates (similar Amott method): Ww=Vo1/ (Vo1+Vo2) is discharged according to self-priming；
The wet index of self-soaking method oil: Wo=Vw1/ (Vw1+Vw2).
Self-soaking method is with respect to wetting index (Amott index): Ia=Ww-Wo.
Self-soaking method is with respect to wetting index evaluation reservoir rock wetability referring to table
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of experimental provisions of resistance measurement rock wettability.As shown in Fig. 2, the dress
It sets and may include:
1. core holding unit；The pressure environment of energy simulation rock sample under formation conditions, measures resistance, temperature, pressure
Parameter is made of autoclave, pressurized cylinder, probe, temperature sensor, electrode system, gum cover, valve.It is equipped in core holding unit
Two current electrodes, two measuring electrodes, such probe can accurately measure sample both ends resistance variations, when measuring wetability
Using vertical installation, opposite pop one's head in axis pressure reinforcing of lower probe is fixed probe, wherein resistance and temperature sensor are installed,
The position of sample lower end surface can be indicated on clamper shell.Clamper can rotate within the scope of 90 degree, be adjusted to vertical by horizontal
Formula, vice versa.
2. porous plate: conductive expanded metal is typically mounted between sample and lower probe, is conveniently replaceable and is removed certainly
Fluid is inhaled, makes sample that there is bigger self-priming exchange area.
3. six-way valve: this system at least uses 3 six-way valves.First control shaft confining pressure system；Second control clamping
The operations such as the fluid injection of device lower end, self-priming, replacement, cleaning, balance；The injection of third control clamper upper end fluid, row
Out, the operations such as replacement, cleaning, balance.
4. pressure sensor: this system at least uses 4 pressure sensors.Axis pressure sensor, confining pressure sensor, on sample
Side pressure force snesor, sample lower end pressure sensor.The pressure sensor of sample upper and lower side is the high-precision list with temperature-compensating
Crystal silicon sensor.
5. exhaust-valve: this system uses 2 exhaust-valves, a upper end exhaust-valve and a lower end exhaust-valve, be conveniently replaceable,
Cleaning, the fluid for balancing clamper upper and lower side, while the oil-water interfaces in U-shaped gauge line are adjusted, protect itself and sample lower end surface
It holds in same position.
6. stratum water container: the piston type intermediate receptacle of resistance to certain pressure provides saturation fluid, usually stratum to sample
Water.
7. crude oil container: the piston type intermediate receptacle of resistance to certain pressure provides displacement fluid, usually crude oil to sample.
8. gauge line communicating valve: the valve between upper gauge line and lower gauge line in connection U-shaped gauge line, convenient for adjusting
Oil-water interface position and sample lower end surface position consistency.
9. U-shaped gauge line, this be one with valve " U-tube " -1 be 9. upper gauge line, 9. -2 be lower gauge line.Not
Same self suction row drives the stage, and the fluid type filled in upper and lower gauge line is different.Because oil is different with the density of water, produce
The liquid-column height of raw uniform pressure is different.The position of oil-water interfaces and sample lower end on clamper in gauge line must be adjusted every time
It sets consistent.
10. RLC electric bridge and computer acquisition control system: including RLC electric bridge, computer, sensor compensation circuit, multichannel
Switch, TT&C software.Recording and displaying and the related all parameters of this experiment, and analyzed and prompted in real time.
Axis pressure, confining pressure control system: being made of high-pressure hand pump, six-way valve, pressure gauge etc., provides respectively to clamper
Stable axis pressure and confining pressure.
High pressure constant-flux pump: constant flow rate and steady pressure double plunger metering pump are provided to displacing fluid.
Insulating box: customizing according to clamper size and modes of emplacement, and insulating box is by heating device, staged heating control
The composition such as device, insulating layer and cabinet.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of new method of resistance measurement rock wettability, feature includes: to provide consistent, stable measuring condition；Prison
Survey rock sample resistance variations in entire measurement process；Replacing the fluid in sample inlet side (lower end) pipeline is injection fluid, is protected
The interface of injection fluid is held between sample and electrode, forms self-priming condition；During self-priming monitor Rock resistivity variation and
The variation of gauge line liquid level, establishes corresponding resistance wetting index and wetting according to the relative variation of different phase sample resistivity
Property discrimination standard.The variation of gauge line liquid level is similar to the volume of Amott self-priming discharge, also can establish corresponding volume wetting
Index and wetability discrimination standard.
2. new method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by the way of the horizontal displacement of clamper, vertical self-priming.
3. new method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that monitor rock sample resistance variations needs in entire measurement process
The water flooding of 2-3 times of pore volume is injected from inlet side, it is ensured that there is no bubble discharge in sample, sample resistance is measured using level Four method
Rate, measurement frequency 1KHz.
4. new method according to claim 1, ageing process it is characterized in that, increment of the sample resistivity in 1 hour less than 1
When Ω .m, then to have had reached constraint water state, turn off inlet side valve, grease can redistribute, resistance balance is waited, if
Resistivity variation has the condition of Absorb Water oil extraction less than 1 Ω .m, as sample complete aging in 8 hours.
5. new method according to claim 1, Absorb Water oil extraction water flooding replaces the crude oil of clamper lower end, keeps oil interface
Between sample and porous plate it is characterized in that, using the double pipe structure on probe, with organic solvent the original in the pipeline of lower end
Oil cleans up, then the cleaning solution in pipeline is expelled to close valve with water flooding.Adjust water column and oil column in U-tube
Height, keep its oil-water interfaces and sample lower end surface consistent in height.Corresponding valve is opened again, adjusts water column in U-tube
Highly, it is made to be slightly above sample lower end surface 1-2mm.
6. new method according to claim 1, establishes corresponding resistivity wetting index and wetability discrimination standard its feature exists
In the present invention provides the index of two groups of reflection rock wettabilities, electric-resistivity method wettability index and self-soaking method wettability index:
Include: by the electric-resistivity method wettability index that the rock is calculated in following formula
Step A, is calculated by the following formula, and generates the electric-resistivity method water-wet index of rock:
Iw=Δ Ro1/ (Δ Ro1+ Δ Ro2)
Iw is electric-resistivity method water-wet index in formula, and Δ Ro1 is the resistivity variation during Absorb Water oil extraction, and Δ Ro2 is water drive
The variable quantity of resistivity during oil to residual oil；
Step B, is calculated by the following formula, and generates the wet index of electric-resistivity method oil of rock:
Io=Δ Rw1/ (Δ Rw1+ Δ Rw2)
Io is the wet index of electric-resistivity method oil in formula, and Δ Rw1 is from the resistivity variation in oil suction drainage procedure, and Δ Rw2 is secondary
The variable quantity of resistivity during oil drives；
Obtain the calculation formula of the opposite wetting index of electric-resistivity method:
Ir=Iw-Io
The self-soaking method wettability index of the rock is calculated by following formula:
Step C is calculated by following formula, generates the self-soaking method water-wet index of rock:
Ww=Vo1/ (Vo1+Vo2)
Ww is self-soaking method water-wet index in formula, and Vo1 is the oil volume of the discharge during Absorb Water oil extraction, and Vo2 water drive oil is to residual
The oil volume being discharged during excess oil；
Step D is calculated by following formula, generates the wet index of self-soaking method oil of rock:
Wo=Vw1/ (Vw1+Vw2)
Wo is the wet index of self-soaking method oil in formula, and Vw1 is the water volume being discharged from oil suction drainage procedure, and Vw2 is that secondary oil was driven
The water volume being discharged in journey；
Obtain the calculation formula of the opposite wetting index of self-soaking method:
Ia=Ww-Wo
7. a kind of new equipment for measuring Rock resistivity Indication of Oil-Gas breakthrough pressure, this new equipment, including rotary type rock core folder
Holder, porous plate, six-way valve, pressure sensor, exhaust-valve, stratum water container, crude oil container, gauge line communicating valve, U-shaped metering
Pipe, RLC electric bridge and computer acquisition control system, axis pressure, confining pressure control system, high pressure constant-flux pump, insulating box.
8. core holding unit according to claim 7, which is characterized in that there are two power supply electricity for dress in core holding unit
Pole, two measuring electrodes, such probe can accurately measure sample both ends resistance variations, and vertical peace is used when measuring wetability
Dress, it is fixed probe that lower probe presses reinforcing probe with axis relatively, wherein resistance and temperature sensor are equipped with, in clamper shell
On can indicate the position of sample lower end surface.Clamper can rotate within the scope of 90 degree, be adjusted to vertical by horizontal.
9. porous plate according to claim 7, it is characterised in that conductive expanded metal is typically mounted on sample under
Between probe, it is conveniently replaceable and is removed self-priming fluid, makes sample that there is bigger self-priming exchange area.
10. RLC electric bridge according to claim 7 and computer acquisition control system, which is characterized in that it includes RLC electricity
Bridge, computer, sensor compensation circuit, variable connector, TT&C software.Recording and displaying and the related all parameters of this experiment,
And it is analyzed and is prompted in real time.
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| CN109991130A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-09 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | The evaluation method of wettability of rock surface in a kind of rock-aqueous solution-crude oil system |
| CN111855502A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-10-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Device and method for measuring wettability of reservoir rock under action of current |
| CN112782477A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring electrical response characteristics of rock core in different wetting states |
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